CN103219740A - Grid connecting system of permanent magnet synchronous wind driven generator - Google Patents
Grid connecting system of permanent magnet synchronous wind driven generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN103219740A CN103219740A CN2012100159358A CN201210015935A CN103219740A CN 103219740 A CN103219740 A CN 103219740A CN 2012100159358 A CN2012100159358 A CN 2012100159358A CN 201210015935 A CN201210015935 A CN 201210015935A CN 103219740 A CN103219740 A CN 103219740A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a grid connecting system of a permanent magnet synchronous wind driven generator. The grid connecting system of the permanent magnet synchronous wind driven generator comprises a wind machine, a permanent magnet synchronous generator, a generator side converter, a direct current booster module, a power grid side converter, an energy storage module and a control module. The wind machine, the permanent magnet synchronous generator, the generator side converter, the direct current booster module and the power grid side converter are connected in sequence, a first capacitor is connected between the generator side converter and the direct current booster module in parallel, a second capacitor is connected between the direct current booster module and the power grid side converter in parallel, the energy storage module is connected between the second capacitor and the power grid side converter in parallel, and the control module is respectively connected with the generator side converter, the direct current booster module, the power grid side converter and the energy storage module. Compared with the prior art, the grid connecting system of the permanent magnet synchronous wind driven generator adopts a high-frequency transformer to replace an original industrial frequency transformer to achieve high voltage grid connection, and adopts super-capacitors to store energy to enable the system to have good low-voltage operation performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wind power-generating grid-connected system, especially relate to a kind of permanent magnet synchronous wind generator grid-connected system.
Background technology
The permanent magnetism synchronous wind generating system of the MW class variable speed constant frequency of present industrial application both had been applicable to landwid electric field, also was applicable to marine wind electric field.The slewing range of wind turbine generator is wide, has saved the high gear box of failure rate, good reliability, generator and electrical network electrical isolation.(permant magnetsynchronous generator PMSG) adopts permanent magnet excitation to magneto alternator wherein, does not need excitation winding and brush and slip ring, and is simple and reliable for structure, the generating efficiency height.Adopt rare earth permanent magnet can increase air gap flux density, dwindle motor volume, improve the power density of motor.The high performance permanent magnetic materials manufacturing process improves in recent years, and high-performance rare-earth permanent magnet material neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) is introduced the wind-powered electricity generation unit gradually, and the cost performance of PMSG further improves.
The multipole low speed structure of the general employing of direct drive permanent magnetic synchro wind generator, a kind of typical parallel network circuit is: give surely that pwm converter+dc bus capacitor+pwm converter is incorporated into the power networks, adopt the PWM commutation technique in rectifying part, control method is flexible, help realizing breakdown torque, maximal efficiency, minimal losses control to magneto, weak point is that the voltage that is incorporated into the power networks is still lower, still needs boost by power transformer to be incorporated into the power networks again.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly to provide a kind of permanent magnet synchronous wind generator grid-connected system for the defective that overcomes above-mentioned prior art existence, this system is in conjunction with solid-state transformer (solid state transformer, SST) structure, adopt high frequency transformer to replace original Industrial Frequency Transformer, to realize that high pressure is incorporated into the power networks, and the employing super capacitor energy-storage, make system have good subnormal voltage operation performance.
Purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of permanent magnet synchronous wind generator grid-connected system, comprise wind energy conversion system, magneto alternator, the generator side converter, the DC boosting module, the grid side current transformer, energy-storage module and control module, described wind energy conversion system, permagnetic synchronous motor, the generator side converter, the DC boosting module is connected successively with the grid side current transformer, be parallel with first electric capacity between generator side converter and the DC boosting module, be parallel with second electric capacity between DC boosting module and the grid side current transformer, described energy-storage module is connected in parallel between second electric capacity and the grid side current transformer, described control module respectively with the generator side converter, the DC boosting module, grid side current transformer and energy-storage module connect; Wind energy conversion system is a mechanical energy with wind energy transformation, drive magneto alternator output electric energy, the generator side converter is a direct current with the AC rectification of magneto alternator output, boosting by the DC boosting module, is to send into electrical network behind the alternating current of constant frequency and constant voltage via the inversion of grid side current transformer more again.
Described DC boosting module comprises single-phase full bridge inverter circuit, high frequency transformer and the single-phase full bridge rectification circuit that connects successively.
Described energy-storage module is the crowbar accumulator, this crowbar accumulator comprises bi-directional half bridge buck-boost circuit, inductance, resistance and the super capacitor of being made up of first power device and the second power device series aiding connection, the two ends of described bi-directional half bridge buck-boost circuit connect the two ends of second electric capacity respectively, after described inductance, resistance and the super capacitor series connection, be connected in parallel on the two ends of second power device.
Described first power device and second power device are IGBT, IGCT or electric power MOSFET.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, replace conventional power frequency electric power transformer with the high frequency transformer structure and be incorporated into the power networks, the voltage that is incorporated into the power networks significantly raises, and is equivalent to step-up transformer is incorporated in the frequency converter, and voltage rising after-current reduces, and the heating loss reduces;
2, owing to adopted high frequency transformer, realized the electrical isolation of wind power system rectification and inversion part;
3, the super capacitor of Zeng Jiaing can be when electric network electric voltage drop, and the store energy that DC side is unnecessary is in super capacitor, to strengthen the subnormal voltage operation ability of wind power system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of DC boosting module;
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of crowbar accumulator;
Fig. 4 is the decoupling zero control chart of generator side converter;
Fig. 5 is the decoupling zero control chart of grid side current transformer;
Fig. 6 is the be incorporated into the power networks oscillogram of voltage and current of the present invention; Wherein Fig. 6 (a) is the oscillogram of 0~0.3s; Fig. 6 (b) is the oscillogram of 0.6~0.9s; Fig. 6 (c) is the oscillogram of 1.1~1.4s;
Fig. 7 is the be incorporated into the power networks curve chart of active power and power factor of the present invention; Wherein Fig. 7 (a) is the oscillogram of power, and Fig. 7 (b) is the oscillogram of power factor;
Simulation result figure when Fig. 8 does not increase energy storage device for the present invention; Wherein Fig. 8 (a) is and the voltage oscillogram of site, and Fig. 8 (b) is the dc voltage oscillogram, and Fig. 8 (c) is the generator speed oscillogram;
Fig. 9 has increased the simulation result figure behind the super capacitor for the present invention; Wherein Fig. 9 (a) is the dc voltage oscillogram, and Fig. 9 (b) is the generator speed oscillogram; Fig. 9 (c) is the grid-connected current oscillogram, Fig. 9 (d) power waveform figure that is incorporated into the power networks;
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of permanent magnet synchronous wind generator grid-connected system comprises wind energy conversion system 1, magneto alternator 2, generator side converter 3, DC boosting module 4, grid side current transformer 5, control module 6 and energy-storage module 7.Wind energy conversion system 1, permagnetic synchronous motor 2, generator side converter 3, DC boosting module 4 and grid side current transformer 5 are connected the back successively and insert electrical network 8, be parallel with first capacitor C 1 between generator side converter 3 and the DC boosting module 4, be parallel with second capacitor C 2 between DC boosting module 4 and the grid side current transformer 5, energy-storage module 7 is connected in parallel between second capacitor C 2 and the grid side current transformer 5, control module 6 is connected with generator side converter 3, DC boosting module 4, grid side current transformer 5 and energy-storage module 7 respectively, and it is controlled.Wherein, DC boosting module 4 as shown in Figure 2, comprise the single-phase full bridge inverter circuit 41, high frequency transformer 42 and the single-phase full bridge rectification circuit 43 that connect successively, energy-storage module 7 adopts the crowbar accumulator, and this crowbar accumulator comprises bi-directional half bridge buck-boost circuit, inductance L, the resistance R of being made up of the first power device T1 and the second power device T2 series aiding connection
ScAnd super capacitor C
Sc, the two ends of described bi-directional half bridge buck-boost circuit are connected to the two ends of second capacitor C 2, inductance L, resistance R
ScWith super capacitor C
ScAfter the series connection, be connected in parallel on the two ends of the second power device T2.The first power device T1 and the second power device T2 can adopt IGBT, IGCT or electric power MOSFET.
The whole system operation flow process is: wind energy conversion system 1 is a mechanical energy with wind energy transformation, drive magneto alternator 2 output electric energy, generator side converter 3 is the direct current of 1200V with the AC rectification of magneto alternator 2 outputs, boosting to 18kV by DC boosting module 4, is to send into electrical network behind the 10kV alternating current of constant frequency and constant voltage via 5 inversions of grid side current transformer again.
During system works, the control procedure of control module is:
Under the wind speed that changes, obtain the speed reference ω of magneto alternator by wind speed and tip speed ratio curve calculation
*, the rotating speed of control magneto alternator makes rotational speed omega satisfy best tip speed ratio λ=λ
Oct, can obtain maximum power corresponding under the current wind speed, realize the maximal wind-energy tracking.
The rotating speed outer shroud is adopted in the control of generator side converter, current inner loop double circle controling mode, the electromagnetic torque and the electromagnetic power of control generator.Permanent magnet adopts the radial surface formula to distribute, and stator d, q axle inductance equate L
d=L
qThe tachometer value ω that calculates according to the maximal wind-energy track algorithm
*As the set-point of der Geschwindigkeitkreis, send into the PI controller of band integration and output violent change, the set-point i of output stator q shaft current with the difference of generator speed value of feedback ω after relatively
Sq *The set-point i of stator d shaft current
Sd *Be made as 0.According to the voltage and the electromagnetic torque equation of magneto alternator, the dicyclo decoupling zero of generator side converter control block diagram, as shown in Figure 4.
Outer voltage is adopted in the control of grid side current transformer, the current inner loop double circle controling mode, and effect is to keep DC bus-bar voltage decoupling zero constant and realization active power and reactive power to control.Make the d axle be oriented to line voltage vector, u
Gd=u
g, u
Gq=0, with direct voltage reference value U
Dc *With direct voltage value of feedback U
DcDifference is relatively sent into the PI controller, output I
d *As with reference to value, control active power of output, reactive power is set at 0, makes system operate in the unity power factor state, and the dicyclo decoupling zero control block diagram of grid side current transformer is as shown in Figure 5.
Single-phase inverter in the DC boosting link and rectifier all adopt PWM control, and drive signal is that duty ratio is 50% complementary trigger impulse.The mode of operation of the bi-directional half bridge buck-boost circuit in the DC side accumulator is by the unbalance condition decision of power.During stable state, P
s=P
g, circuit is not devoted oneself to work; Work as P
s>P
gThe time, working in the buck pattern, super capacitor absorbs energy; Work as P
s<P
gThe time, working in the boost pattern, super capacitor releases energy.In order to make full use of the capacity of current transformer, electric current is limited in 1.5p.u..The steady more then operation to generator of direct voltage is useful more, therefore capacitance voltage is limited in as far as possible near 1p.u..
The present invention uses the simulation process of MATLAB to be divided into 2 parts: the maximal power tracing and the performance that is incorporated into the power networks during the sudden change of (1) wind speed; (2) the wind power system stability during electric network electric voltage drop.
(1) set up departments the system operate under the rated wind speed v=12m/s, wind speed decreased is to 10m/s when t=0.7s, wind speed returns to rated value when t=1.2s, simulation time is 2s.Fig. 6 (a), 6 (b), 6 (c) are respectively the voltage and current waveform that is incorporated into the power networks, and wherein dotted line is a voltage, and solid line is an electric current.Fig. 7 (a), 7 (b) are respectively the curve chart of be incorporated into the power networks power and power factor.By simulation result as can be known, adopt high pressure and net mode, the amplitude of grid-connected current reduces greatly, and when wind speed changed, the variation of electric current was very steady, thereby had reduced the impact to electrical network.
(2) establish wind power system and operate under the rated wind speed, electric network electric voltage drop to 20% rated value during 0.5s, voltage begins to recover gradually during 1.125s, and voltage returns to 90% rated value during 2.5s, and simulation time is 3s.Fig. 8 (a) is and the voltage oscillogram of site, the dc voltage oscillogram of Fig. 8 (b) when not adding energy storage device, the generator speed oscillogram of Fig. 8 (c) when not adding energy storage device.When electric network electric voltage drop, dc voltage and generator speed all obviously rise.And behind the adding super capacitor, its dc voltage waveform, generator speed waveform, grid-connected current waveform and be incorporated into the power networks power waveform respectively shown in Fig. 9 (a), 9 (b), 9 (c) and 9 (d).By above-mentioned simulation result as can be known; during the electric network electric voltage drop; grid-connected current is limited in the 1.5p.u. value; accumulator has absorbed the excess energy of DC side; make direct voltage keep stable, the rotating speed and the electromagnetic torque of generator all remain stable, and wind power system has possessed stronger low voltage ride-through capability; both protected wind power system, the power that electrical network has been given to continue supports again.
Claims (5)
1. permanent magnet synchronous wind generator grid-connected system, it is characterized in that, comprise wind energy conversion system, magneto alternator, the generator side converter, the DC boosting module, the grid side current transformer, energy-storage module and control module, described wind energy conversion system, magneto alternator, the generator side converter, the DC boosting module is connected successively with the grid side current transformer, be parallel with first electric capacity between generator side converter and the DC boosting module, be parallel with second electric capacity between DC boosting module and the grid side current transformer, described energy-storage module is connected in parallel between second electric capacity and the grid side current transformer, described control module respectively with the generator side converter, the DC boosting module, grid side current transformer and energy-storage module connect;
Wind energy conversion system is a mechanical energy with wind energy transformation, drive magneto alternator output electric energy, the generator side converter is a direct current with the AC rectification of magneto alternator output, boosting by the DC boosting module is high voltage direct current, is to send into electrical network behind the alternating current of constant frequency and constant voltage via the inversion of grid side current transformer again.
2. a kind of permanent magnet synchronous wind generator grid-connected system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described DC boosting module comprises single-phase full bridge inverter circuit, high frequency transformer and the single-phase full bridge rectification circuit that connects successively.
3. a kind of permanent magnet synchronous wind generator grid-connected system according to claim 1 is characterized in that described energy-storage module is the crowbar accumulator.
4. a kind of permanent magnet synchronous wind generator grid-connected system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described crowbar accumulator comprises bi-directional half bridge buck-boost circuit, inductance, resistance and the super capacitor of being made up of first power device and the second power device series aiding connection, the two ends of described bi-directional half bridge buck-boost circuit connect the two ends of second electric capacity respectively, after described inductance, resistance and the super capacitor series connection, be connected in parallel on the two ends of second power device.
5. a kind of permanent magnet synchronous wind generator grid-connected system according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described first power device and second power device are IGBT, IGCT or electric power MOSFET.
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Cited By (13)
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CN103607032A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-02-26 | 梁一桥 | Renewable energy generating, power transmission and transformation and electrical network access integrated system |
CN104270056A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-01-07 | 陕西科技大学 | Generator side converter vector control method for direct-drive permanent-magnet synchronous wind power generation system |
CN104329131A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2015-02-04 | 湖南大学 | Grid connection low temperature waste heat power generating system and starting control method thereof |
CN104678302A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-06-03 | 同济大学 | Low voltage ride-through test system and method for wind turbine generator of Boost current transformer |
CN105634013A (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2016-06-01 | 国网甘肃省电力公司 | Control method for improving abnormal voltage withstand capability of wind turbine generator set by super capacitor |
CN108063449A (en) * | 2016-11-05 | 2018-05-22 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of permanent magnetic synchronous wind turbine grid-connected control method |
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CN111355256A (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2020-06-30 | 台达电子企业管理(上海)有限公司 | High-voltage direct-current power transformation device, power system and control method of power system |
CN112832951A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-05-25 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | 18-phase wind power generation system and control method thereof |
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US11239663B2 (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2022-02-01 | Delta Electronics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. | Energy storage device and power system and control method thereof |
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CN103607032B (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2016-08-17 | 梁一桥 | Renewable energy power generation, power transmission and transformation and electrical network access integral system |
CN104329131A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2015-02-04 | 湖南大学 | Grid connection low temperature waste heat power generating system and starting control method thereof |
CN104270056A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-01-07 | 陕西科技大学 | Generator side converter vector control method for direct-drive permanent-magnet synchronous wind power generation system |
CN104678302A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-06-03 | 同济大学 | Low voltage ride-through test system and method for wind turbine generator of Boost current transformer |
CN104678302B (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2017-07-28 | 同济大学 | The low-voltage ride-through testing system of wind generating set and method of a kind of Boost current transformers |
CN105634013A (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2016-06-01 | 国网甘肃省电力公司 | Control method for improving abnormal voltage withstand capability of wind turbine generator set by super capacitor |
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CN111058904A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-04-24 | 北京动力机械研究所 | Power closed-loop control method for Brayton power generation system |
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US11239663B2 (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2022-02-01 | Delta Electronics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. | Energy storage device and power system and control method thereof |
US11799293B2 (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2023-10-24 | Delta Electronics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. | High-voltage DC transformation apparatus and power system and control method thereof |
CN113809768A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2021-12-17 | 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 | Direct-current wind generating set and direct-current wind power system |
CN112832951A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-05-25 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | 18-phase wind power generation system and control method thereof |
CN113033017A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-06-25 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Electromagnetic coupling loss simulation device and method for double-rotor permanent magnet generator |
CN113033017B (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2022-01-18 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Electromagnetic coupling loss simulation device and method for double-rotor permanent magnet generator |
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