CN101922852A - Vacuum drying technology - Google Patents
Vacuum drying technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN101922852A CN101922852A CN 201010221692 CN201010221692A CN101922852A CN 101922852 A CN101922852 A CN 101922852A CN 201010221692 CN201010221692 CN 201010221692 CN 201010221692 A CN201010221692 A CN 201010221692A CN 101922852 A CN101922852 A CN 101922852A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vacuum drying technology, belonging to the technical field of a drying technology. The existing drying technology is a method which generally heats the water content of a dried object into vapour to be discharged; as the vaporization proficiency of the water is large, a great amount of energy can be taken away after the vaporization to lead a great amount of energy to be consumed by drying. In the invention, the water content of the dried object is vaporized in vacuum by a vacuum technology; then the vapour is transmitted to a vapour compression tank for compressing; and the heat generated in the process of compressing the vapour is transmitted into the dried object through a heat transmission device to recycle the vaporized energy. The vacuum drying technology of the invention simultaneously separates and discharges the water in the vapour after being compressed and liquefied through a vapour-water separator to achieve the drying purpose. The invention recycles the vaporized energy in drying, and can greatly improve the drying efficiency and lower energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vacuum drying technique, belong to the technical field of drying means.
Background technology
Present dry technology adopts usually the heating of the moisture of object to be dried is become the method for discharging behind the steam.Because the vaporization potential of water is big, so can take away lot of energy after the water vapor, the energy that drying need be expended is very big.
If therefore can recycle vaporization energy, can greatly improve drying efficiency, reduce energy resource consumption.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: a kind of new dry technology is provided, improves dry speed, and reduce energy consumption.
After the present invention adopts vacuum technique that the moisture of object to be dried is vaporized in a vacuum, again moisture vapor transport is compressed in steam compression case, and the heat that the steam compression is produced is delivered to object to be dried by heat transfer unit (HTU), water after moisture in the steam compresses and liquefies simultaneously separates by steam-water separator discharges, and reaches dry purpose.
An embodiment of the invention are, after the steam that object to be dried in drying box produces is drawn out of, the heat that produces after overcompression is sent back to object to be dried by transmission again, makes that object to be dried is unlikely too to reduce temperature because of the cooling effect of transpiring moisture consumption vaporization potential.
The steam that the object to be dried water evaporates of extraction in drying box produces compresses, cools off, and makes steam liquefaction.
Object to be dried is because the low temperature that the cooling effect of transpiring moisture consumption vaporization potential produces, and removes to cool off the steam of extracting out through transmission in the drying box of the dress object to be dried of overcompression, and this steam temperature is reduced, and quickens steam liquefaction wherein.
The present invention adopts the carbonated drink piece-rate system to separate moisture through the drying box of the dress object to be dried of overcompression, cooling from the steam of extracting out.
For heat is transferred to object to be dried uniformly, the heat that the steam that another embodiment of the present invention also adopts object to be dried to extract out produces after overcompression adds hot-air, utilize heated air to carry out circulation cycle heating object to be dried, and vacuumize dry and do not vacuumize and be that method that two processes of intermediate medium loopback heat energy replace is carried out the drying to object to be dried with the air by not loopback heat energy at the passage that comprises object to be dried.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: adopt vacuum drying technique, can make the object to be dried can be by rapid draing; The heat that the steam compression is produced is delivered to object to be dried by heat transfer unit (HTU), and object to be dried is unlikely, and rate of drying is slack-off because the temperature that vaporescence causes descends; The moisture in the thing of being dried is vaporized the back to be separated with carbonated drink by compression, and what discharge drying system is water rather than the steam that obtains after carbonated drink is separated, so the energy loss of whole process reduces significantly, and the required energy resource consumption of drying is significantly reduced.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 .1, Fig. 1 .2, Fig. 1 .3 are a drying system schematic diagram that consumes energy minimum in theory.
Fig. 1 .4 is the vacuum dryer structured flowchart.
Fig. 2 .1 is the schematic diagram of first kind of vacuum dryer embodiment used unit.
Fig. 2 .2 is the schematic diagram of first kind of vacuum dryer embodiment.
Fig. 2 .3 is the internal structure schematic diagram of carbonated drink piece-rate system 28.
Fig. 2 .4 is the interface schematic diagram of carbonated drink piece-rate system 28 and heat transfer unit (HTU) 29.
Fig. 3 .1 is carbonated drink piece-rate system 38 and heat transfer unit (HTU) 391,392 explanation schematic diagrames.
Fig. 3 .2 is the schematic diagram of second kind of vacuum dryer embodiment.
Fig. 3 .3 is the internal structure schematic diagram of carbonated drink piece-rate system 38.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 .1 is a drying system schematic diagram that consumes energy minimum in theory.
11 is shell in Fig. 1 .1, and 12 are the evaporation cistern, and 13 is collecting-tank, and 14 is moveable piston, and 15 is the carbonated drink piece-rate system, and 16 and 17 is magnetic valve, and wherein magnetic valve 16 is fixed on the moveable piston 14, and 18 is the heat transmission channel.
As the perfect condition requirement, shell 11 is adiabatic, and moveable piston 14 is air tight, and good heat transfer property is arranged, and moveable piston 14 does not have frictional force when mobile.
Before beginning mobile moveable piston 14, require to be saturated steam in A district and the B district that all objects and saturated steam temperature are identical in the shell 11.
Here emphasize to be meant very slowly to keep the system temperature balance with the from left to right mobile moveable piston 14 of very slow speed always, A district steam-laden, the separated collecting-tank 13 that enters of the liquid water in the B district steam all is this meaning when quote the back.
Because the saturated steam temperature in A district and B district is identical, thereby steam pressure is equal, and consumed energy not in the process of from left to right mobile moveable piston 14 has only carbonated drink piece-rate system 15 consumed energies in the system.
When moveable piston 14 from left to right moves to the position of Fig. 1 .2 very slowly, mobile end from left to right, at this moment the saturated steam in B district becomes liquid water substantially, enter collecting-tank 13, at this moment A district volume maximum, reduce liquid water evaporation back in the evaporation cistern 12, and evaporated liquid water becomes saturated steam, increases the volume of A district saturated steam.
In Fig. 1 .2 magnetic valve 17 cuts out, magnetic valve 16 is opened, at this moment A district and B district are by magnetic valve 16 circulations, the position of mobile from right to left moveable piston 14 to Fig. 1 .3.
At this moment the B district is maximum, and magnetic valve 16 cuts out, and magnetic valve 17 is opened, with the position of the from left to right mobile moveable piston 14 to Fig. 1 .2 of very slow speed.Carry out to make the liquid water of evaporation cistern 12 to gradually reduce repeatedly.
When from left to right the speed of mobile moveable piston 14 is not very slow, B district temperature＞A district, B district steam pressure＞A district steam pressure, the steam in A district is unsaturated, and from left to right mobile moveable piston 4 needs acting.
Needing dry object to be put into the position of Fig. 1 .1, Fig. 1 .2, Fig. 1 .3 evaporation cistern 12, can carry out drying to object.
Principle analysis according to the above minimum drying system that consumes energy in theory provides structured flowchart of the present invention, shown in Fig. 1 .4.
In Fig. 1 .4, object to be dried 141 and heat transfer unit (HTU) are arranged in the drying box 140 in drying box part 142; Vavuum pump 143 is used for the steam extraction that the water evaporates in the object to be dried 141 in the drying box 140 produces is entered steam compression case 144, and the steam that enters steam compression case 144 is compressed, and makes steam produce heat; Steam cooler 145, steam-water separator 146, water tank 147 and heat transfer unit (HTU) are arranged in steam compression case part 148 in the steam compression case 144; Water tank 147 makes steam cooler 145 and steam-water separator 146 coolings, and the heat of steam cooler 145 and steam-water separator 146 is put aside, so water tank 147 also has the effect of savings heat concurrently; Heat transfer unit (HTU) in the steam compression case 144 in steam compression case part 148 by connecting in the drying box 140 heat transfer unit (HTU) at the heat circulation canal 1491,1492 of drying box part 142, heat in the steam compression case 144 is transferred to object to be dried 141 in the drying box 140, makes that object to be dried 141 is unlikely too to reduce temperature because of the cooling effect of transpiring moisture consumption vaporization potential.
Provide two kinds of embodiments below.
First kind of embodiment:
Fig. 2 .1～Fig. 2 .4 is the schematic diagram of first kind of embodiment of vacuum dryer.
Fig. 2 .1 is the used block diagram of drying equipment, the 21st, and hot box is with the good material manufacturing of heat-proof quality; The 22nd, drying box requires good seal performance; The 23rd, object to be dried; The 24th, firing equipment can be put into drying box 22; The 25th, vavuum pump; 261,262,263,264 is four magnetic valves; The 27th, steam compression case requires good seal performance; The 28th, the carbonated drink piece-rate system; 29 is heat transfer unit (HTU).Wherein carbonated drink piece-rate system 28 by shell 281, steam cooler 283, water tank 282, air blast 284, steam-water separator 285, water pump 286 constitute (shown in Fig. 2 .3) wherein water tank 282 also be connected with magnetic valve 264.Among Fig. 2 .2, Fig. 2 .3, Fig. 2 .4, the thinner heavy line that connects these parts is the pipeline of gas flow, and thicker heavy line is a water pipe.Steam-water separator 285 has three import and export, and k2851 is an air inlet, and k2852 is the gas outlet, and k2853 is a delivery port.Air blast 284 makes the supersaturation water steam in the steam compression case 27 pass through the k2841 mouth, steam cooler 283, and steam-water separator 285, the k2842 mouth flows.The water that water pump 286 makes water tank 282, flows between water tank 282 and the heat transfer unit (HTU) 29 at steam cooler 283 by k2861 mouth and k2862 mouth.
Carbonated drink piece-rate system 28 can be put into steam compression case 27, and can be connected with heat transfer unit (HTU) 29 with the k2862 mouth by the k2861 mouth.Heat transfer unit (HTU) 29 is a kind of heat transfer unit (HTU)s that adopt force water to flow, it can be connected carbonated drink piece-rate system 28 and cross over steam compression case 27 and enters drying box 22 heating objects to be dried 23 by the k2861 mouth with the k2862 mouth, cross over the sealing that requires to keep steam compression case 27 and drying box 22 when steam compression case 27 enters drying box 22, the function of heat transfer unit (HTU) 29 has comprised that heat transfer unit (HTU) is in drying box part 142 in the drying box 140 of Fig. 1 .4, and heat transfer unit (HTU) is at steam compression case part 148 and heat circulation canal 1491 in the steam compression case 144,1492 function.The heat of carbonated drink piece-rate system 28 is transferred to object to be dried 23 by heat transfer unit (HTU) 29.The interface of carbonated drink piece-rate system 28 and heat transfer unit (HTU) 29 is seen Fig. 2 .4.
Fig. 2 .2 is the formation schematic diagram of the drying equipment of first kind of embodiment.Shown in Fig. 2 .2, in hot box 21, put into drying box 22 and steam compression case 27.Heat transfer unit (HTU) 29 parts are at drying box 22, some is at steam compression case 27, heat transfer unit (HTU) 29 should not influence the hermetic seal of drying box 22 and steam compression case 27, heat transfer unit (HTU) 29 connects carbonated drink piece-rate system 28, it is transferred to object to be dried 23 to the heat of carbonated drink piece-rate system 28, make 28 coolings of carbonated drink piece-rate system simultaneously, quicken the steam liquefaction in the carbonated drink piece-rate system 28.
When system starts, open firing equipment 24 earlier, close after object to be dried 23 is heated to a given initial temperature; Then magnetic valve 261,263 is opened, magnetic valve 262,264 is cut out, and open vavuum pump 25, the air in drying box 22 and the steam compression case 27 is discharged; Then magnetic valve 261,263 cuts out, magnetic valve 262 is opened, the steam of the generation of the water evaporates in the object to be dried 23 at this moment, under the effect of vavuum pump, enter steam compression case 27 from drying box 22, steam in the steam compression case 27 reaches capacity when temperature rises gradually, and enters supersaturation; At this moment produce liquid water smoke in the steam in the steam compression case 27, open air blast 284 and water pump 286 in the carbonated drink piece-rate system 28, the supersaturation water steam enters steam cooler 283 from the k2841 mouth of carbonated drink piece-rate system 28, produces more liquid water smoke; By the steam-water separator in the carbonated drink piece-rate system 28 285, the moisture of atomizing is separated, enter the water tank 282 of carbonated drink piece-rate system 28, there is not the steam of atomizing to discharge from the k2842 mouth.
Water pump 286 makes water in the water tank 282 at water tank 282, and heat transfer unit (HTU) 29 flows between the steam cooler 283, brings object to be dried 23 heat by heat transfer unit (HTU) 29, and makes 28 coolings of carbonated drink piece-rate system.
Along with the water evaporates in the object to be dried 23, take away the latent heat of vaporization, the temperature of object to be dried 23 descends, and the supersaturation water steam temperature in the steam compression case 27 rises.The supersaturation water steam constantly enters 28 coolings of carbonated drink piece-rate system, liquefaction, and the temperature of carbonated drink piece-rate system 28 is risen.Carbonated drink piece-rate system 28 after temperature rises is transferred to object to be dried 23 to heat by heat transfer unit (HTU) 29, isolates descend back and other steam of steam temperature behind the atomizing moisture and mixes.Along with the carrying out of these processes, the temperature difference between object to be dried 23, supersaturation water steam, carbonated drink piece-rate system 28 increases, and by the heat transmission of heat transfer unit (HTU) 29 and system's each several part, system's each several part temperature difference progresses into balance.
In dry run, compressed steam is the heating source of drying equipment, and its temperature is the highest, steam is by 283 coolings of steam cooler, steam cooler 283 is by the water cooling in the water tank 282, and water is cooled off by heat transfer unit (HTU) 29, and heat transfer unit (HTU) 29 is cooled off by object to be dried 23 again.As a whole, the present invention sends the heat that compressed steam produces back to by transmission, the object to be dried 23 that heating is lowered the temperature because of transpiring moisture consumption vaporization potential.On the contrary, object to be dried 23 is because the low temperature that the cooling effect of transpiring moisture consumption vaporization potential produces, remove to cool off the steam of in the drying box of the dress object to be dried of overcompression, extracting out through transmission, this steam temperature is reduced, quickened steam liquefaction.
When the moisture of object to be dried 23 reaches drying and requires, close air blast 284 and water pump 286 in vavuum pump 25, the carbonated drink piece-rate system 28, to open magnetic valve 264 and emit excessive water in the water tank 282 of carbonated drink piece-rate system 28, dry run finishes.
Above method is directly to heat object to be dried 23 by heat transfer unit (HTU) 29, by this method heat evenly is transferred to object to be dried but a lot of object to be dried is very difficult, for heat is transferred to object to be dried uniformly, provides second kind of embodiment:
This embodiment adds hot-air earlier with heat when conducting heat, again the heat of heated air is transferred to object to be dried, and Fig. 3 .2 is the schematic diagram that adopts this method.
Carbonated drink piece-rate system 38 among Fig. 3 .2 and heat transfer unit (HTU) 391,392 are different with heat transfer unit (HTU) 29 with carbonated drink piece-rate system 28 among Fig. 2 .2, and have increased magnetic valve 365,366.Other parts among Fig. 3 .2 are identical with Fig. 2 .2, and other parts comprise hot box 31, drying box 32, object to be dried 33, firing equipment 34,35, four magnetic valves of vavuum pump 361,362,363,364, steam compression case 37.
The schematic diagram of carbonated drink piece-rate system 38 and heat transfer unit (HTU) 391,392 is seen Fig. 3 .1.Fig. 3 .3 then is the internal structure schematic diagram of carbonated drink piece-rate system 38.
Among Fig. 3 .2, Fig. 3 .3, the thinner heavy line of attaching parts is still represented the pipeline of gas flow, and thicker heavy line is still represented water pipe.
Carbonated drink piece-rate system 38 has also increased air blast 387, air blast cabinet 388 and air heater 389 except that shell 381, steam cooler 383, water tank 382, air blast 384, steam-water separator 385, water pump 386.The air inlet of steam-water separator 385 is k3851, and the gas outlet is k3852, and delivery port is k3853.
The only circulation between steam cooler 383 and water tank 382 of the cooling water of carbonated drink piece-rate system 38, wherein water tank 382 also is connected with magnetic valve 364.
Have on the heat transfer unit (HTU) 391,392 and much can make the air turnover blow to the hole of object to be dried 33.
Heat transfer unit (HTU) 391,392 corresponding to the heat transfer unit (HTU) among Fig. 1 .4 in drying box part 142, in steam compression case part 148, magnetic valve 365 and corresponding transmission air to 391,392 connecting pipe are corresponding to the heat circulation canal among Fig. 1 .4 1491,1492 corresponding to the heat transfer unit (HTU) among Fig. 1 .4 for air heater 389.
Fig. 3 .2 is that the drying equipment of second kind of embodiment constitutes schematic diagram.
When system starts, open firing equipment 34 earlier, close after object to be dried 33 is heated to a given initial temperature.Magnetic valve 361,363 is opened, magnetic valve 362,364,365,366 is cut out, open vavuum pump 35, the air in drying box 32 and the steam compression case 37 is discharged; Then magnetic valve 361,363 cuts out, magnetic valve 362 is opened, at this moment the steam that water evaporates produces in the object to be dried 33, under the effect of vavuum pump, enter steam compression case 37 from drying box 32, steam in the steam compression case 37 reaches capacity when temperature rises gradually, and enters supersaturation; At this moment produce liquid water smoke in the steam in the steam compression case 37, open air blast 384 and water pump 386 in the carbonated drink piece-rate system 38, the supersaturation water steam enters steam cooler 383 from the k3841 mouth of carbonated drink piece-rate system 38, produces more liquid water smoke.By the steam-water separator in the carbonated drink piece-rate system 38 385, the moisture of atomizing is separated, enter the water tank 382 of carbonated drink piece-rate system 38 by the k3853 mouth, there is not the steam of atomizing to discharge from the k3842 mouth.
Along with the water evaporates in the object to be dried 33, take away the latent heat of vaporization, the temperature of object to be dried 33 descends, and the supersaturation water steam temperature in the steam compression case 37 rises, the supersaturation water steam constantly enters carbonated drink piece-rate system 38, by 383 coolings of steam cooler, liquefaction, the temperature of carbonated drink piece-rate system 38 is risen.
The temperature range of object to be dried 33 is set a lower limit temperature and a ceiling temperature.
When the temperature of object to be dried 33 drops to the lower limit temperature of setting, air blast 384 in vavuum pump 35, magnetic valve 362, the carbonated drink piece-rate system 38 and water pump 386 are closed, magnetic valve 366, air blast 387 is opened, at this moment air from magnetic valve 366 through the k3873 of air blast 387 mouth, air blast 387, air heater 389, heat transfer unit (HTU) 391 enters drying box 32, makes drying box 32 be full of air.Drying box 32 is opened magnetic valve 365 after being full of air, and closes magnetic valve 366.Air in the drying box passes through magnetic valve 365, air blast 387, air heater 389, heat transfer unit (HTU) 391, object to be dried 33, heat transfer unit (HTU) 392, magnetic valve 365 circulations.Air is through behind the air heater 389, can absorb the heat of water of water tank 382 and heat temperature raising, and the air behind the heat temperature raising heats up object to be dried 33 in the channel cycle through object to be dried 33.When the temperature of object to be dried 33 rises to the ceiling temperature of a setting, magnetic valve 361 is opened, magnetic valve 365 cuts out, open vavuum pump 35, the air in the drying box 32 is discharged.Then magnetic valve 361 cuts out, air blast 384 in magnetic valve 362, the carbonated drink piece-rate system 38 and water pump 386 are opened, restart dry run.
Above-mentioned second kind of embodiment has two processes: first process is when drying, extract the steam of the water evaporates generation of object to be dried out, the steam compression that is drawn out of is produced heat, the water in the heating water tank, this process is called not loopback heat energy and vacuumizes dry run; Another process is the water that utilizes in the water tank that was heated in first process, adds hot-air, removes to heat object to be dried with the air that was heated again, and this process is called as and does not vacuumize and be intermediate medium loopback heat energy process with the air.
Intermediate medium is not limited to air, also can use other gas.
Be used alternatingly the method for these two processes, be called as not loopback heat energy and vacuumize dry and do not vacuumize and be the method that two processes of intermediate medium loopback heat energy replace with air or other gas.
Vacuumize dry and do not vacuumize and be that method that two processes of intermediate medium loopback heat energy replace is carried out the drying to object to be dried 33 by not loopback heat energy with air or other gas, when object to be dried 33 reaches drying and requires, close air blast 384 and water pump 386 in vavuum pump 35, the carbonated drink piece-rate system 38, open magnetic valve 364 and emit excessive water in the water tank 382 of carbonated drink piece-rate system 38, dry run finishes.
Claims (7)
1. vacuum drying technique, it is characterized in that: after the steam that the object to be dried in drying box produces is drawn out of, the heat that produces after overcompression is sent back to object to be dried by transmission again, makes that object to be dried is unlikely too to reduce temperature because of the cooling effect of transpiring moisture consumption vaporization potential.
2. vacuum drying technique as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: extract the steam that the object to be dried water evaporates in drying box produces out, compress, cool off, make steam liquefaction.
3. vacuum drying technique as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the low temperature that the cooling effect of potential produces because transpiring moisture consumption is vaporized object to be dried, remove to cool off the steam of in the drying box of the dress object to be dried of overcompression, extracting out through transmission, this steam temperature is reduced, quicken steam liquefaction.
4. vacuum drying technique as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt the carbonated drink piece-rate system to separate moisture through the drying box of the dress object to be dried of overcompression, cooling from the steam of extracting out.
5. vacuum drying technique as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the heat that the steam that adopts object to be dried to extract out produces after overcompression adds hot-air or other gas intermediate medium, utilizes heated intermediate medium to carry out circulation cycle heating object to be dried at the passage that comprises object to be dried.
6. vacuum drying technique as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: vacuumize dry and do not vacuumize and be that method that two processes of intermediate medium loopback heat energy replace is carried out the drying to object to be dried with air or other gas by not loopback heat energy.
7. vacuum dryer according to vacuum drying technique design, it is characterized in that: vacuum dryer comprises drying box, steam compression case, carbonated drink piece-rate system and the part heat transfer unit (HTU) that another part is connected by the heat circulation canal in steam compression case in drying box.
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| CN 201010221692 CN101922852A (en) | 2010-07-09 | 2010-07-09 | Vacuum drying technology |
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| CN 201010221692 CN101922852A (en) | 2010-07-09 | 2010-07-09 | Vacuum drying technology |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102538408A (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2012-07-04 | 成都市双虎实业有限公司 | Vacuum drying method for processing wood plate raw materials |
| CN104900882A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-09-09 | 天津巴莫科技股份有限公司 | Dispersing agent recovering device, dispersing agent recovering method and method for preparing lithium manganese phosphate by using method |
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| CN2438073Y (en) * | 2000-05-22 | 2001-07-04 | 周亢威 | High-energy-saving dryer |
| CN1862197A (en) * | 2006-06-06 | 2006-11-15 | 青岛大学 | Drum drying method |
| CN101476825A (en) * | 2009-01-21 | 2009-07-08 | 东方电机控制设备有限公司 | Phase-change heat-exchange type secondary steam heat recovery utilization method, apparatus and use thereof |
| CN201706857U (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2011-01-12 | 丁鹏坤 | Vacuum drying device |
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| CN87102717A (en) * | 1986-04-08 | 1988-01-13 | 海因茨·艾科尔兹 | The vacuum condensation method of water vapour |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102538408A (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2012-07-04 | 成都市双虎实业有限公司 | Vacuum drying method for processing wood plate raw materials |
| CN104900882A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-09-09 | 天津巴莫科技股份有限公司 | Dispersing agent recovering device, dispersing agent recovering method and method for preparing lithium manganese phosphate by using method |
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Application publication date: 20101222 |