CN101922010B - Aluminum alloy surface treatment method - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy surface treatment method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an aluminum alloy surface treatment method which comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out pretreatment, chemical plating and electroplating on an aluminum alloy matrix, wherein the pretreatment comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out anode oxidation, laser etching, erosion and acid etching on the aluminum alloy matrix. By using the method for forming electroplating texture on the surface of an aluminum alloy, the obtained product has natural texture, is not subject to skip plating, bubbling and discoloration phenomena and has a good decorative effect. Besides, the method has the advantage of simple operation, realizes the unshaded treatment and the convenient maintenance by using the technology of anode oxidation plus electroplating, and facilitates the mass production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method.
Background technology
Aluminium and alloy thereof have good conductivity, it is fast to conduct heat, light specific gravity, specific tenacity are high; Be easy to advantages such as moulding; Therefore become one of most widely used metal; At present put in the industrial application of aspects such as modern Aeronautics and Astronautics, electric power, electronics, oil, chemical industry, building materials, traffic, light industry and national defence, and expand new Application Areas constantly.
Because aluminium and alloy thereof have low, not wear-resisting, the easy shortcomings such as intergranular corrosion, difficult welding that take place of hardness, influence its range of application and work-ing life; And aluminium is a kind of active metal, and electropotential is very negative, and the surface very easily generates sull, and the sull that generates naturally is loose porous, inhomogeneous and discontinuous, still can not can not satisfy people's request for utilization as reliable protective layer.Therefore need on aluminium and aluminum alloy surface, prepare various protective layers or the protected decoration layer reaches antirust purpose.In many cases; Be necessary on aluminium and alloy product surface thereof, to plate suitable coating; Make it have certain performance, method commonly used can be concluded following four kinds: oxide treatment (comprising ornamental oxidation, hard anodizing and extraordinary anodic oxidation etc.), plating method, plastic coating and spraying lacquer.
Anodic oxidation is to be that anode places electrolyte solution with the aluminum or aluminum alloy goods, utilizes electrolytic action, makes its surface form the process of aluminum oxide film.In numerous electrolyte solutions, it is the most extensive to handle application with sulphuric acid anodizing.The oxidation film layer that aluminium and duraluminum sulphuric acid anodizing form has higher adsorptive power, is prone to carry out painted and the sealing of hole processing, and the product of this technology has surperficial preferably safety and extraordinary surface decoration performance, is widely used aborning.
Plating is a kind of process of utilizing electrolytic method to deposit the coating with required form.This method is except the Main physical performance (conduction, heat conduction, mechanical property etc.) that can keep matrix metal; Can give various metals and nonmetal device beautiful appearance and excellent corrosion resistance nature, abrasion resistance properties; Can make device surface obtain multiple special function again; Make it to become new-type functional material, even also can be used as the means that form some metal-based sandwich.Therefore, this method also is that present multiple metal and alloy surface process field are used method the most widely.
Yet the anodic oxidation of above-mentioned routine all can not form texture in aluminum alloy surface with electroplating, and can not satisfy the demand of people to texture appearance.At present; The approach that forms texture in aluminum alloy surface mainly contains following three kinds; And have some defectives separately: (1) obtains the electrolytic coloring film through anodic oxidation; Through aftertreatment and obtain texture, just the aluminium flake behind the electrolytic coloring is carried out dc electrolysis in some electrolyte solutions, make solution and the test piece formation lines that does relative motion simultaneously.This technology more complicated, and the color that forms is single.(2) form nonuniform film in the anode oxidation process, through painted and form lines.The lines that this technology obtains is nature, and counter electrode and coloring board space requirement are very near in the implementation process, are difficult for production.(3) when being the line oxidation, constantly stir electrolytic solution with whisking appliance; Make its on oxidation workpiece once property form uneven oxidation film layer and demonstrate texture; Because the dyeing behavior at each position is different; It is inhomogeneous to occur during dyeing dyeing, and plating leakage, foaming and heterochromatic phenomenon take place easily, thereby forms the uneven texture of color.This technology operability is little, and differing greatly between the sample does not have production, stir product is come off, and the polychrome that forms only is the difference of depth color between the colour system of the same race.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome in the prior art method that forms texture in aluminum alloy surface and occur plating leakage, foaming and heterochromatic phenomenon easily, be difficult for production or shortcoming that can handling difference, a kind of lines nature is provided, is prone to production and can handling good aluminium alloy surface treatment method.
The invention provides a kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method, this method comprises carries out pre-treatment, electroless plating and plating successively to alloy matrix aluminum, and wherein, said pre-treatment comprises successively carries out anodic oxidation, radium carving, corrosion and acid etch to alloy matrix aluminum.
The texture nature that uses aluminium alloy surface treatment method provided by the invention to form is not prone to plating leakage, foaming and heterochromatic phenomenon, and decorative effect is fine.And this method is simple to operate, adopts anodic oxidation to add galvanized technology, need not cover, and is easy to maintenance, is easy to mass production.
Embodiment
Aluminium alloy surface treatment method provided by the invention comprises carries out pre-treatment, electroless plating and plating successively to alloy matrix aluminum, and wherein, said pre-treatment comprises successively carries out anodic oxidation, radium carving, corrosion and acid etch to alloy matrix aluminum.
According to method provided by the invention, wherein, said anodic oxidation can use any routine to be used for the anode oxidation method of aluminum alloy surface; For example, can in the sulfuric acid of 50-500 grams per liter, carry out, be preferably the 100-300 grams per liter; Current density can be pacified for 0.5-5/square centimeter; Be preferably 1-3 peace/square centimeter, oxidization time can be 10-60 minute, is preferably 15-40 minute.
According to method provided by the invention, wherein, the output rating of said radium carving can be 5-55W, is preferably 10-30W, and engraved lines speed can be 500-7000mm/s, is preferably 700-5000mm/s.
According to method provided by the invention, wherein, said corrosion is that alloy matrix aluminum is contacted with etchant solution, and the condition of contact comprises: the temperature of contact is 55-75 ℃, is preferably 60-70 ℃, and the time of contact can be 0.5-5 minute, is preferably 1-3 minute.
Gross weight with this etchant solution is a benchmark, contains the polyethers of 10-70 weight %, the diethylolamine of 5-30 weight %, the YD 30 of 5-30 weight %, the vegetable fatty acids diethylolamine of 4-10 weight %, the ethylene glycol monobutyl ether of 10-20 weight %, the alkali of 1-5 weight % and the water of 5-15% weight in the etchant solution.
Wherein, said polyethers can be in polyoxymethylene, polychloroether and the polyethylene oxide one or more; Said vegetable fatty acids diethylolamine can be in LAURIC ACID 99 MIN diethylolamine, Triple Pressed Stearic Acid diethylolamine and the palmitinic acid diethylolamine one or more.
According to method provided by the invention, wherein, in order to make the texture that obtains more natural; Can also contain tensio-active agent and/or inhibiter in the said etchant solution; Gross weight with this etchant solution is a benchmark, and the content of said tensio-active agent can be 5-15 weight %, is preferably 8-12 weight %; The content of said inhibiter can be 0.1-3 weight %, is preferably 0.5-2 weight %.When also containing tensio-active agent and/or inhibiter in the etchant solution, the gross weight that the percentage composition of each component satisfies etchant solution is the requirement of 100 weight %.
Wherein, said tensio-active agent can be in sodium laurylsulfonate, X 2073, Sodium glycocholate and the dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate one or more, is preferably sodium laurylsulfonate and/or X 2073.
Said inhibiter can be in Sodium Nitrite, potassium nitrite, water glass and the Potassium orthomolybdate one or more, is preferably Sodium Nitrite and/or potassium nitrite.
According to method provided by the invention, wherein, said acid etch can use used acid etch method in the plating on aluminium alloy pre-treatment process of any routine; For example; Alloy matrix aluminum is contacted with acid etching liquid, and the condition of contact comprises: the temperature of contact can be 15-40 ℃, is preferably 20-35 ℃; The time of contact can be 5-120 second, is preferably 10-60 second.
Said acid etching liquid is preferably the aqueous solution that contains hydrogen ion and fluorion; Wherein, Hydrionic concentration can rub for 4-10/liter, be preferably 6-8 to rub/liter, the concentration of fluorion can rub for 0.1-1/liter; Be preferably 0.25-0.5 to rub/liter, said hydrionic source can be in nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and the hydrofluoric acid one or more.The source of said fluorion can be various soluble fluorides, for example, can be in Neutral ammonium fluoride, matt salt, Sodium Fluoride, Potassium monofluoride and the hydrogen fluoride one or more, is preferably Neutral ammonium fluoride and/or matt salt, more preferably matt salt.
As required, said preprocessing process can also be included in before the anodic oxidation, and alloy matrix aluminum is carried out mechanical polishing and/or paraffin removal oil removing.
According to method provided by the invention, wherein, oxidation and the caused detrimentally affect of negative electricity place value thereof rapidly need be carried out electroless plating to alloy matrix aluminum before plating in order to eliminate the reaction of aluminum alloy surface and surrounding medium, and said electroless plating comprises soaks zinc.
Said process of soaking zinc realizes that in zincate solution said zincate solution can be commercially available, the HAl-201 zincate solution of for example rich sharp specialization ltd, the Zincate CNF zincate solution of people having a common goal's finish technology ltd etc.The said zinc that soaks generally includes at least twice.Said at least twice soaks zinc can carry out in same zincate solution, also can in different zincate solutions, carry out.The said concrete operation method that soaks zinc repeats no more for conventionally known to one of skill in the art here.
Said electroless plating can also comprise that the alloy matrix aluminum to soaking behind the zinc carries out electroless copper and/or chemical nickel plating etc., and the method for electroless copper and chemical nickel plating comprises the alloy matrix aluminum that soaks behind the zinc is contacted with the chemical plating fluid that contains metal-salt and reductive agent.Said metal-salt is selected from the water-soluble hydrochloride salt of metal and in the vitriol one or more, is preferably in nickelous chloride, single nickel salt, cupric chloride and the copper sulfate one or more.Said reductive agent is selected from one or more in hypophosphite, formaldehyde and the hydroborate, and said hypophosphite is preferably sodium hypophosphite and/or potassium hypophosphite.Said hydroborate is preferably Peng Qinghuana and/or POTASSIUM BOROHYDRIDE 97MIN.The reaction conditions of electroless plating comprises that the electroless plating temperature can be 40-90 ℃, is preferably 40-80 ℃; Chemical plating fluid pH value can be 4-12; The electroless plating time can be 0.05-0.5 hour, is preferably 0.1-0.2 hour; The concentration of reductive agent described in the chemical plating fluid can be the 0.2-1.0 mol, and the concentration of metal-salt can be the 0.1-0.25 mol.
Can be through said electroplating process with the aluminium alloy matrix surface of one or more galvanic deposit in copper, gold, nickel, iron and the chromium after the electroless plating, the galvanic deposit thickness of metal is generally the 0.1-20 micron.
Said electric plating method comprises the alloy matrix aluminum after the electroless plating is immersed in the plating bath as negative electrode, and metal sheet or graphite cake be as anode, connect direct supply after, metal plating on aluminium alloy matrix surface will deposit.Said metal sheet can be the metal sheet of electrolytic coating metal.No matter adopt which kind of metal sheet as anode,, just can make metals ion in the plating bath be reduced into the coated metal of needs and deposit on the aluminium alloy matrix surface as long as guarantee that metals ion has certain concentration in the plating bath.
According to method provided by the invention, wherein, in order to prevent the oxidation of overlay coating; This method is prevented the variable color processing to the alloy matrix aluminum after electroplating after can also being included in electroplating process; Said anti-variable color is handled the alloy matrix aluminum that comprises after electroplating and is contacted with anti-variable color solution, and the condition of contact comprises: the temperature of contact can be 50-75 ℃, is preferably 50-70 ℃; The time of contact can be 2-60 second, is preferably 5-30 second; Said anti-variable color solution is preferably yellow soda ash and/or the sodium laurylsulfonate of salt of wormwood and 0.1-1 grams per liter and/or the aqueous solution of dodecyl sodium sulfonate potassium of the sodium phosphate that contains the 25-35 grams per liter and/or potassiumphosphate, 20-40 grams per liter.
According to method provided by the invention, wherein, in order to strengthen product performance, this method can also comprise closed process, and said closed process can be for being coated in UV lacquer the aluminium alloy matrix surface after the plating.When method of the present invention comprised that also anti-variable color is handled, said closed process was for being coated in the UV lacquer aluminium alloy matrix surface after anti-variable color is handled.Said UV lacquer can be any UV lacquer that is used for the plated item surface; For example; Can build the transparent UV lacquer of UV-1304 series, Cashew UV lacquer, the high territory GOVE UV lacquer of coating ltd for Guang Zhounan; The thickness that applies can be the 600-1200 micron, and the method for coating is conventionally known to one of skill in the art, repeats no more here.
After above-mentioned each step, aluminium alloy electric electroplating method of the present invention can also comprise washing and exsiccant step, to remove the residual solution of substrate material surface; The used water of said water-washing step is various water of the prior art, like deionized water, zero(ppm) water, pure water or their mixture, is preferably deionized water.Can adopt the method for well known to a person skilled in the art to carry out drying, for example forced air drying, natural air drying or oven dry under 40-100 ℃.
Method of the present invention is applicable to various aluminium and aluminum alloy base material.
To do further description to the present invention through embodiment below.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment is used to explain aluminium alloy surface treatment method provided by the invention.
(1) preprocessing process
(1) anodic oxidation: in the sulfuric acid of 200 grams per liters, under 20 ℃, with 2A/dm
2Current density 3A21 alloy matrix aluminum (being of a size of 50 millimeters * 35 millimeters * 3 millimeters) is carried out anodic oxidation, the time is 25 minutes.
(2) radium carving: the average output power of said radium carving is 20W, and engraved lines speed is 2000mm/s, and the radium engraving patterns is " ABC " printed words.
(3) corrosion: under 20 ℃; The alloy matrix aluminum that step (2) is obtained was immersed in the etchant solution 2 minutes; Etchant solution with 100 weight % is a benchmark, the consisting of of etchant solution: polyoxymethylene 41 weight %, diethylolamine 5 weight %, YD 30 10 weight %, LAURIC ACID 99 MIN diethylolamine 5 weight %, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether 15 weight %, X 2073 10 weight %, Sodium Nitrite 1 weight %, sodium hydroxide 3 weight %, water 10 weight %.
(4) acid etch: the alloy matrix aluminum that step (3) is obtained is immersed in fully and contains 7 concentrated nitric acid, 5 phosphoric acid and 0.3 that rub/rise that rub/rise and rub/rise in the aqueous solution of matt salt.Soaked 15 seconds down at 25 ℃, be not detected to there being nitrate ion with deionized water wash afterwards.
(2) electroless plating process
(5) soak zinc: the alloy matrix aluminum that step (4) is obtained is put into the zincate solution HAl-201 zincate solution of ltd (rich sharp specialization), at 25 ℃ of dippings 1 minute down, is detected to there not being zine ion with deionized water wash afterwards; Be 5 seconds of dipping in the salpeter solution of 45 weight % in concentration then, be not detected to there being nitrate ion with deionized water wash afterwards; In above-mentioned zincate solution, flooded 45 seconds more at last, be not detected to there being zine ion with deionized water wash afterwards.
(3) electroplating process
(6) no cyanogen alkali copper: the alkaline copper plating electroplate liquid that adopts Shenzhen Thailand prosperous technological development ltd to produce, working temperature is 60 ℃, and current density is 1.8 peace/square centimeters, and electroplating time is 15 minutes.
(7) sour copper: adopt the UB-X series acid bright copper plating electroplating technology of star Chemical Manufacture forever, working temperature is 25 ℃, and current density is 4 peace/square centimeters, and electroplating time is 40 minutes.
(8) light nickel: the white bright type light nickel plating solution of SL-848 that adopts female outstanding chemical industry (Shenzhen) ltd to produce, working temperature is 55 ℃, and current density is 4.5 peace/square centimeters, and electroplating time is 20 minutes.
(9) rose gold: plating bath consists of: gold sodium sulfide 12 grams per liters, sodium sulphite anhydrous 99.3 130 grams per liters, potassium hydrogenphosphate 40 grams per liters, Tripotassium Citrate 90 grams per liters, Repone K 110 grams per liters, asccharin 1 grams per liter, EDTA 0.25 grams per liter.Working temperature is 55 ℃, and current density is 0.3 peace/square centimeter, and electroplating time is 40 seconds.
(4) aftertreatment
(10) anti-variable color: the composition of anti-variable color solution: sodium phosphate 30 grams per liters, yellow soda ash 30 grams per liters, sodium laurylsulfonate 0.5 grams per liter, temperature is 60 ℃, soak time is 10 seconds.
(11) sealing: the transparent UV lacquer of UV-1304 series of Guang Zhounan being built coating ltd is coated in the aluminium alloy matrix surface after anti-variable color is handled.
The Al-alloy products note that makes is made A1.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment is used to explain aluminium alloy surface treatment method provided by the invention.
Method according to embodiment 1 is electroplated 5A05 alloy matrix aluminum (being of a size of 50 millimeters * 35 millimeters * 3 millimeters), and different is,
Step (1) is in the sulfuric acid of 120 grams per liters, under 20 ℃, with 2.5A/dm
2Current density 3A21 alloy matrix aluminum (being of a size of 50 millimeters * 35 millimeters * 3 millimeters) is carried out anodic oxidation, the time is 15 minutes.
Step (3) is: under 20 ℃; The duraluminum stamping parts that step (2) is obtained was immersed in the etchant solution 1.5 minutes; Etchant solution with 100 weight % is a benchmark, the consisting of of etchant solution: polyethylene oxide 41 weight %, diethylolamine 5 weight %, YD 30 diethylolamine 10 weight %, Triple Pressed Stearic Acid diethylolamine 5 weight %, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether 15 weight %, X 2073 10 weight %, Sodium Nitrite weight 1%, sodium hydroxide weight 3%, water 10 weight %.
Step (5) is an electroless copper: it is that (said plating bath is the EDTA of the neutralized verdigris that contains 10 grams per liters, 25 grams per liters, 10 milliliters/liter the aqueous solution of fluoroboric acid of Seignette salt and 50 grams per liters of formaldehyde, 15 grams per liters in 40 ℃ the plating bath that the alloy matrix aluminum that step (4) is obtained immerses temperature; And to use concentration be that the pH value of the sodium hydroxide control plating bath of 50 weight % is 12); Duraluminum is carried out electroless copper; After 20 minutes; Alloy matrix aluminum is taken out, be not detected to there being acetate ion with deionized water wash.
The Al-alloy products note that makes is made A2.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiment is used to explain aluminium alloy surface treatment method provided by the invention.
Method according to embodiment 1 is electroplated 5A05 alloy matrix aluminum (being of a size of 50 millimeters * 35 millimeters * 3 millimeters), and different is,
Step (1) is in the sulfuric acid of 250 grams per liters, under 20 ℃, with 1.5A/dm
2Current density 3A21 alloy matrix aluminum (being of a size of 50 millimeters * 35 millimeters * 3 millimeters) is carried out anodic oxidation, the time is 35 minutes.
The Al-alloy products note that makes is made A3.
Comparative Examples 1
This Comparative Examples is used to explain the aluminium alloy surface treatment method of prior art.
(1) preprocessing process
(1) mechanical polishing: combine lamb hair buff polishing method to carry out mechanical polishing with button cloth wheel, remove the cut of aluminium alloy matrix surface.
(2) paraffin removal: adopt the Procleaner BR#1 general-purpose Wax removal water of star chemical company production forever, opening the cylinder amount is 30 milliliters/liter, and 75 ℃ of working temperatures were to the alloy matrix aluminum ultrasonic vibration after step (1) processing 5 minutes.
(3) oil removing: the alloy matrix aluminum that step (2) is obtained places the aqueous solution of the yellow soda ash of the sodium phosphate that contains 30 grams per liters and 30 grams per liters to carry out the catholyte oil removing, and working temperature is 60 ℃, and the time is 1 minute, and current density is 5 peace/square centimeters.
(4) alkali etch: the alloy matrix aluminum that step (3) is obtained immerses in the alkaline etching solution that contains sodium hydroxide 50 grams per liters and matt salt 100 grams per liters fully, soaks 30 seconds down at 25 ℃, is not detected to there being hydroxide ion with deionized water wash afterwards.
(5) acid etch: with embodiment 1 step (4).
(6) soak zinc: with embodiment 1 step (5).
(3) electroplating process
(7), (8), (9), (10) are with (6) (7), (8), (9) of embodiment 1 step (three).
(4) aftertreatment
(11) cover: the liquid sensitization blue oil Halic HL-801B (Dilution ratio is 3: 1) of thinner HalicHL-802B dilution stainless steel that adopts Shenzhen prosperous Hua Da Science and Technology Ltd. to produce; Cover; Adopt UV-light to shine then, irradiation time is 50 seconds, and exposure intensity is 100mJ/cm
2
(12) palladium plating: plating bath consists of: the aqueous solution of dichloro diamino-palladium 30 grams per liters, ammonium chloride 23 grams per liters, volatile caustic (25%) 50 grams per liter, and temperature is 20 ℃, and current density is 0.4 peace/square centimeter, and electroplating time is 2 minutes.
(13) cover: same step (11).
(14) black chromium: adopt the black chrome electroplating technology of TVC-trivalent of the Science and Technology Ltd. that starts, temperature is 20 ℃, and current density is 20 peace/square centimeters, and electroplating time is 1 minute.
(15) sealing: with embodiment 1 step (11).
The Al-alloy products note that makes is made C1.
Comparative Examples 2
Electroplate texture according to forming in aluminum alloy surface with the same mode of embodiment 1, different is, anodic oxidation and corrosive order are exchanged, and the product that makes is remembered and made C2.
Comparative Examples 3
Electroplate texture according to forming in aluminum alloy surface with the same mode of embodiment 1, different is, will corrode with acid-etched order and exchange, and the product that makes is remembered and made C3.
Comparative Examples 4
Electroplate texture according to forming in aluminum alloy surface with the same mode of embodiment 1, different is, anodic oxidation and acid-etched order are exchanged, and the product note that makes is made C4.
Performance test, test result is listed in table 1.
(1) sticking power test
The standard of test: ISO 2409.
Testing method: use the knife back of surgical knife on coating, to draw 12 road cuts, wherein at least two cuts and other cut at an angle of 90 so that form grid from the teeth outwards, the length of side of grid is 1 millimeter.Guarantee that every cut all is cut to alloy matrix aluminum.Along the both direction of cut each with brush 5 times.Be bonded at adhesive tape (3M (China) ltd 600 scotch tapes) on the surface; With finger tip that wiping belt is tight; Guarantee to contact, in the time of 5 minutes, tear adhesive tape well-regulated open off adhesive tape at 0.5-1 in second with 60 ° angle from the free end of adhesive tape with the good of coating.
Grade classification:
0 grade: the edge of otch is level and smooth fully, and the square of grid does not all peel off;
1 grade: the area that peels off part is not more than and 5% of the surperficial adhesive tape area that contacts;
2 grades: peel off area partly greater than 5%, and be no more than 15%;
3 grades: peel off area partly greater than 15%, and be no more than 35%;
4 grades: peel off area partly greater than 35%, and be no more than 65%;
5 grades: the area that peels off part is greater than 65%.
Accept standard: the infall of 0 grade and 1 grade and cut does not allow angle of cut perk or becomes greatly to accept.
(2) temperature shock test
Testing method: plating piece was respectively placed 45 minutes under-40 ℃ and 85 ℃ of each temperature, be one-period, totally 27 cycles, then at room temperature recovered 2 hour less than 10 seconds switching time.Observation sample situation then.
Accept standard: the not damaged or distortion of product surface coating.
(3) vibrate wear-resisting test
With test machine (vibration abrasion tester; The outstanding precision instrument of roc ltd; QZG01) fill abrasive mixt (totally 15 liters) in the groove: volume ratio is RKF10K (
abrasive particle RKF10K of 3: 1; Yellow circular cone) and RKK15P (
abrasive particle RKFK15P, green pyramid).Newly be immersed in earlier and go up machine idle running 4 hours in 2 premium on currency with abrasive particle.
Before test and in the whole test process, abrasive material wets, and before each test, adds 1 premium on currency, opens machine simultaneously, and in wear test course, per half hour adds about 0.5 liter of water.The mixture (1 deciliter of clean-out system is joined 5 premium on currency) that in groove, adds 0.15 liter of
clean-out system FC120 and water before the test.Afterwards test products is put into groove.
Accept standard: copper is not leaked in the sample corner after 1 hour, and the sample plane part is not leaked copper after 2 hours.
(4) SaltSprayTest
Testing method: to testing sample spraying (the NaCl massfraction is 5%, the aqueous solution of pH=7) 2 hours,, placed 168 hours in the 80% relative humidity environment under 35 ℃ of conditions then at 40 ℃.
Accept standard: the surface is normal after placing 2 hours, does not have oxidation of any visible burn into and distortion (not flushable after the test).
(5) observe the grain effect of the sample that embodiment 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1 make, observation has or not plating leakage, foaming and heterochromatic phenomenon, wherein, and 50 of every kind of sample thiefs, number/50 * 100% of the sample of good article rate=no plating leakage, foaming and heterochromatic phenomenon.
Table 1
| Numbering | A1 | A2 | A3 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 |
| Sticking power | 0 grade | 0 grade | 0 grade | 1 grade | 1 grade | 2 grades | 1 grade |
| Temperature shock | Qualified | Qualified | Qualified | Qualified | Qualified | Bubble | Qualified |
| Vibrate wear-resisting | Qualified | Qualified | Qualified | Qualified | Qualified | Qualified | Qualified |
| SaltSprayTest | Qualified | Qualified | Qualified | Slight corrosion | Slight corrosion | Obviously corrosion | Slight corrosion |
| Plating leakage/individual | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Bubble/individual | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 8 | 5 |
| Heterochromatic/individual | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| Good article rate/% | 100 | 98 | 100 | 84 | 86 | 84 | 86 |
Through the description of embodiment and Comparative Examples, and the data in the table 1 can find out that method provided by the invention is not only simple to operate; Need not cover; Easy to maintenance, be easy to mass production, and the coating of the sticking power of the coating that forms and the method formation that salt spray corrosion resistance all is superior to prior art.In addition, use method provided by the invention to form the plating texture and be not prone to plating leakage, foaming and heterochromatic phenomenon in aluminum alloy surface.Can find out with the contrast of Comparative Examples 2-3 through embodiment 1; The order of each step is very crucial in the preprocessing process of the inventive method; If carry out not according to carrying out anodic oxidation, radium carving, corrosion and acid-etched order successively, then can not obtain good texture.
Claims (11)
1. aluminium alloy surface treatment method, this method comprises carries out pre-treatment successively, soaks zinc and plating alloy matrix aluminum, it is characterized in that, and said pre-treatment comprises successively carries out anodic oxidation, radium carving, corrosion and acid etch to alloy matrix aluminum; Said corrosion is that alloy matrix aluminum is contacted with etchant solution, and the condition of contact comprises: the temperature of contact is 55-75 ℃, and the time of contact is 0.5-5 minute; Gross weight with this etchant solution is a benchmark, contains the polyethers of 10-70 weight %, the diethylolamine of 5-30 weight %, the YD 30 of 5-30 weight %, the vegetable fatty acids diethylolamine of 4-10 weight %, the ethylene glycol monobutyl ether of 10-20 weight %, the alkali of 1-5 weight % and the water of 5-15% weight in the etchant solution; Said acid etch is that alloy matrix aluminum is contacted with acid etching liquid, and the condition of contact comprises: the temperature of contact is 15-40 ℃, and the time of contact is 5-120 second; Said acid etching liquid is the aqueous solution that contains hydrogen ion and fluorion, wherein, hydrionic concentration be 4-10 rub/liter, the concentration of fluorion be 0.1-1 rub/liter.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, said anodic oxidation is carried out in the sulfuric acid of 50-500 grams per liter, and current density is a 0.5-5 peace/square centimeter, and oxidization time is 10-60 minute.
3. method according to claim 1, wherein, the output rating of said radium carving is 5-55W, the LV of engraving is 500-7000mm/s.
4. method according to claim 1 wherein, also contains tensio-active agent in the said etchant solution, be benchmark with the gross weight of this etchant solution, and the content of said tensio-active agent is 5-15 weight %, and the gross weight of said etchant solution is 100 weight %.
5. method according to claim 4, wherein, said tensio-active agent is one or more in sodium laurylsulfonate, X 2073, Sodium glycocholate and the dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate.
6. method according to claim 4 wherein, also contains inhibiter in the said etchant solution, be benchmark with the gross weight of this etchant solution, and the content of said inhibiter is 0.1-3 weight %, and the gross weight of said etchant solution is 100 weight %.
7. method according to claim 6, wherein, said inhibiter is one or more in Sodium Nitrite, potassium nitrite, water glass and the Potassium orthomolybdate.
8. method according to claim 1, wherein, said hydrionic source is one or more in nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and the hydrofluoric acid; The source of said fluorion is one or more in Neutral ammonium fluoride, matt salt, Sodium Fluoride, Potassium monofluoride and the hydrogen fluoride.
9. method according to claim 1, wherein, said plating comprises in copper, gold, nickel, iron and the chromium one or more are deposited to the aluminium alloy matrix surface that soaks behind the zinc with plating method.
10. according to any described method among the claim 1-9; Wherein, This method also is included in the look of preapring for an unfavorable turn of events after the plating and handles; This anti-variable color is handled the alloy matrix aluminum that comprises after electroplating and is contacted with anti-variable color solution, and the condition of contact comprises: the temperature of contact is 50-70 ℃, and the time of contact is 2-30 second; Said anti-variable color solution is to contain sodium phosphate or the potassiumphosphate of 25-35 grams per liter, yellow soda ash or the sodium laurylsulfonate of salt of wormwood and 0.1-1 grams per liter or the aqueous solution of dodecyl sodium sulfonate potassium of 20-40 grams per liter.
11. according to any described method among the claim 1-9, wherein, this method also comprises closed process, said closed process is for being coated in UV lacquer the aluminium alloy matrix surface after the plating.
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