CN101921159B - Sulfur-free and pearlite-free firecracker reagent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Sulfur-free and pearlite-free firecracker reagent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101921159B CN101921159B CN2010102533163A CN201010253316A CN101921159B CN 101921159 B CN101921159 B CN 101921159B CN 2010102533163 A CN2010102533163 A CN 2010102533163A CN 201010253316 A CN201010253316 A CN 201010253316A CN 101921159 B CN101921159 B CN 101921159B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sulfur-free and pearlite-free firecracker reagent and a preparation method thereof. The reagent comprises the following mass components: 35-65 percent of A component and 35-65 percent of B component, wherein the A component comprises the mass compositions: a mixture formed by 20-50 percent of potassium perchlorate, 0-30 percent of potassium nitrate and 30-50 percent of barium nitrate and a complexing agent occupying 1-5 percent of the mixture, and the B component comprises the mass compositions: 50-80 percent of aluminum powder, 10-25 percent of charcoal powder and 10-25 percent of organic foaming powder. The burning rate of a firecracker prepared from the reagent is more than 98 percent, the sound level value is no less than 100dB and is no more than 140dB, the time the gas product pressure rises from 0.69MPa to 2.07MPa is 1.74ms, a pH value of the pyrotechnic composition is 5-9, the moisture is no more than 1.5 percent, the hygroscopicity is no more than 2.0 percent, the thermal stability is 75 DEG C plus/minus 2 DEG C, the firecracker has no decomposition phenomenon under the condition of 48h, the friction sensitivity is no more than 40 percent, and the impact sensitivity of the pyrotechnic composition is no more than 0 percent. The key is that the reagent reduces the environmental pollution without harm to human bodies and has great application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the fireworks and firecrackers preparation field, be specifically related to a kind of sulfur-free and pearlite-free firecracker reagent and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The now used used prescription of blast medicament of fireworks and firecrackers firecrackers is formed and is comprised combustible agent, oxygenant and tinting material.Combustible agent generally comprises: sulphur and aluminium powder, aluminium silver powder, aluminium-magnesium alloy powder, wood charcoal powder, titanium valve, coal dust or the like, and wherein sulphur content is up to about 20%; In order to reduce powder charge, often also add 10% perlite; At the firecracker explosion time, often produce a large amount of sulfurous gas and perlite dust (being silicon-dioxide), polluted air destroys environment.Particularly during the Spring Festival, city resident and human consumer's body and mind is damaged.Used oxygenant basically all is a potassium perchlorate; Yet; Its production cost is higher; The composite oxidant that also has minority enterprise to develop starting material such as utilizing potassium perchlorate, saltpetre, an ammonium nitrate, nitrate of baryta to mix, lattice combination oxygenant etc., but it is at firework display effect, and aspects such as storage stability all exist certain defective.
Therefore, set about, develop a kind of minimizing environmental pollution from the staple of combustible agent, these two kinds of firecracker reagents of oxygenant; Can not produce injury to human body; And in quick-fried loudness, the ability of starting to exchange fire is burnt till rate; Aspects such as package stability all are superior to the fireworks and firecrackers medicament of technology in the past, are very promising.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly can reduce environmental pollution, can not produce injury to human body, and in quick-fried loudness, the ability of starting to exchange fire is burnt till rate, aspects such as package stability all are superior to fireworks and firecrackers medicament of technology in the past and preparation method thereof.
A kind of sulfur-free and pearlite-free firecracker reagent is made up of following mass component: first component 35～65% (preferred 60%); Component B is 35～65% (preferred 40%); The quality group of first component becomes potassium perchlorate 20～50% (preferred 40%); The mixture that saltpetre 0～30% (preferred 30%), nitrate of baryta 30-50% (preferred 30%) are formed accounts for the complexing agent of mixture 1～5% (preferred 3%); The quality group of component B becomes aluminium silver powder 50～80%, wood charcoal powder 10～25%, organic sparklet 10～25%.
Described complexing agent is tartrate or Seignette salt.
Described wood charcoal powder is-150 purpose waste of flax charcoals.
Described organic sparklet is urethane or PS.
Urethane can be selected from the insulating layer material of discarded refrigerator and pulverizes; The foam that PS can be selected from the discarded electrical package is pulverized.
The preparation method of above-mentioned sulfur-free and pearlite-free firecracker reagent mixes with the second component after the first component is crossed 120 mesh sieves; Again first component that mixes and component B are crossed 100 mesh sieves at least three times, until consistent the getting final product of color mixing of medicament.(medicament that will cross three times 100 mesh with hand is pushed aside, looks at that the color of medicament is whether consistent, if inconsistent after 100 mesh, gets final product until the solid colour of medicament.)
Advantage of the present invention:
(1) because 1 kilogram of firecracker medicine can produce about 0.5 kilogram of sulfurous gas, environmental pollution not only, but also can cause acid rain, endanger very big.So the composition of sulfur-bearing not in the combustible agent of the present invention can not produce sulfurous gas, helps HUMAN HEALTH;
(2) perlite is the silicon-dioxide of not degrading, and explosion time produces dust, brings harm for city resident and human consumer's body and mind.Do not contain perlitic composition in the combustible agent of the present invention, adopt combustible organic sparklet to replace perlite, the firecracker explosion time does not produce dust, and organic sparklet directly becomes CO behind explosive combustion
2, help environment protection.
(3) the present invention has adopted novel oxygenant, because the decomposition temperature between potassium perchlorate and the Nitrates differs greatly, is 336 ℃ like the decomposition temperature of saltpetre; The nitrate of baryta decomposition temperature is 590 ℃, and the decomposition temperature of potassium perchlorate is 610 ℃, puts oxygen speed thereby influenced; Also just influenced the firework display effect of fireworks and firecrackers; And the complexing agent that the present invention adopts has disturbed the fracture of chemical bond between the N-O of Cl-O and Nitrates of potassium perchlorate simultaneously, and the Cl-O ionic dissociation energy is descended; Improved and put oxygen speed; Make the oxygenant starting material reach the purpose of dwindling decomposition temperature, make it to meet more the effect that produces fireworks effects, proved its validity from gaseous product pressure and time relation; According to United Nations's " about the recommendation test and manual of standards of Dangerous Goods Transport " correlation standard, be the firecracker white bag charge by time≤5ms that 0.69MP rises to 2.07MP at gaseous product pressure; Is 1.74ms and make the firecracker medicine of employing oxidant production of the present invention through measuring its time, and the firecracker quality of being produced by its is improved significantly.
From the relation curve of quality and temperature, can find out; Adopt the curve steeper of the fireworks and firecrackers (see figure 2) of oxygenant making of the present invention; Rising along with temperature has been described; Be added with the weightless speed of the mixture of complex compound Seignette salt more hurry up, and causing weightless reason is exactly because the oxygenant decomposes is emitted oxygen, and oxygen is gaseous state and weightlessness; So it is faster than the mixture rate of decomposition that does not have tartarize potassium sodium to be added with the mixture of complex compound Seignette salt.
From the thermal change collection of illustrative plates, adopting fireworks and firecrackers (see figure 1) that conventional oxidant makes is heat release by endothermic change in the time of 685.26 ℃, and explain absorbs heat when this temperature puts oxygen and finish.And the temperature of Fig. 2 is 654.79 ℃, and what the complex compound Seignette salt was arranged puts the oxygen end temp than low 30.47 ℃ that do not have complex compound; It is exactly old chemical bond rupture that oxygenant is emitted oxygen, and new chemical bond rebulids, and the adding that is exactly complex compound from certain meaning makes Cl-O and the easy fracture of N-O key the oxygenant make decomposition temperature reduce.
On the other hand, the utilization of complexing technology, the complexing action of tartrate; Make that acid-base material plays shock absorption in the medicament, make the effect of medicament mechanically mixing rise to the effect of chemistry, suppressed the side reaction of long storage; The stability of medicament is improved, improved the storge quality of firecracker.
(4) fireworks and firecrackers sample entry and exit check inspection of using medicament embodiment 1 of the present invention to prepare through the Hunan
The effect that fireworks and firecrackers inspection center of epidemic disease office is detected is following:
Sound level is measured: at 1.5 meters high, sound-level meter is placed in 2 meters distant places, surveys the pulse sound position.
Oxymuriate is qualitative: do not detect;
Impact sensitivity: 0%;
Friction sensitivity: 40%;
Sulphur is qualitative: do not detect;
75 ℃ of heat-resistant qualities (48 hours): find to catch fire, explode and heat >=3 ℃ phenomenon certainly;
Kindling temperature: 377.0 ℃;
Time/pressure test: it is 1.74 milliseconds that pressure rises to the required time of 2.07MP from 0.69MP.
(5) medicament is made up of first, second two components, has reduced production process, has improved mixed medicine speed, has brought facility for fireworks and firecrackers manufacturing enterprise, has improved mixed medicine production efficiency 50%.
Description of drawings
Quality and the temperature relation curve of fireworks and firecrackers when setting off that Fig. 1 makes for the conventional oxidant that adopts saltpetre, nitrate of baryta, potassium perchlorate to form;
Quality and the temperature relation curve of fireworks and firecrackers when setting off that Fig. 2 makes for oxygenant of the present invention.
Embodiment
Be intended to further specify the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, and unrestricted the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Make medicament by following proportioning
The first component: potassium perchlorate 40%, saltpetre 30%, nitrate of baryta 30% composition mixture accounts for the tartrate of mixture 3%;
Component B: aluminium silver powder 65%, wood charcoal powder 10%, organic sparklet 25%.
The firecracker medicine of being made up of 60% first component and 40% second component is again produced firecracker.Its test result is following:
Sound level: 108.5dB≤sound level is answered≤122.2dB;
Gaseous product pressure is 1.74ms by the time that 0.69MP rises to 2.07MP,
The pH value of pyrotechnic composition is being in 5～9 scopes;
The moisture of pyrotechnic composition≤1.5%;
The rate of moisture absorption of pyrotechnic composition≤2.0%;
The pyrotechnic composition heat-resistant quality is not for having decomposing phenomenon under 75 ℃ ± 2 ℃, 48h condition;
The friction sensitivity of pyrotechnic composition≤32%;
The impact sensitivity of pyrotechnic composition≤0%;
377 ℃ of kindling temperatures
Embodiment 2
The first component: potassium perchlorate 20%, saltpetre 30%, nitrate of baryta 50% composition mixture accounts for the tartrate of mixture 1%;
Component B: aluminium silver powder 75%, wood charcoal powder 20%, organic sparklet 15%.
The firecracker medicine of being made up of 50% first component and 50% second component is again produced firecracker.Its test result is following:
Explosion sound rate reaches more than 95%;
The rate of burning till reaches more than 98%;
Sound level: 105.5dB≤sound level is answered≤120.2dB;
Gaseous product pressure is 1.75ms by the time that 0.69MP rises to 2.07MP;
The pH value of pyrotechnic composition is being in 5～9 scopes;
The moisture of pyrotechnic composition≤1.02%;
The rate of moisture absorption of pyrotechnic composition≤2.0%;
The pyrotechnic composition heat-resistant quality is not for having decomposing phenomenon under 75 ℃ ± 2 ℃, 48h condition;
The friction sensitivity of pyrotechnic composition≤28%;
The impact sensitivity of pyrotechnic composition≤0%.
Embodiment 3
The first component: potassium perchlorate 50%, saltpetre 10%, the mixture that nitrate of baryta 40% is formed accounts for the tartrate of mixture 5%;
Component B: aluminium silver powder 60%, wood charcoal powder 25%, organic sparklet 15%.
First component 50%, component B are 50%, and its test result is following:
Explosion sound rate reaches more than 95%;
The rate of burning till reaches more than 98%;
Sound level: 107.5dB≤sound level is answered≤125.2dB;
Gaseous product pressure is 1.8ms by the time that 0.69MP rises to 2.07MP;
The pH value of pyrotechnic composition is being in 5～9 scopes;
The moisture of pyrotechnic composition≤1.10%;
The rate of moisture absorption of pyrotechnic composition≤2.0%;
The pyrotechnic composition heat-resistant quality is not for having decomposing phenomenon under 75 ℃ ± 2 ℃, 48h condition;
The friction sensitivity of pyrotechnic composition≤35%;
The impact sensitivity of pyrotechnic composition≤0%.
Claims (7)
1. sulfur-free and pearlite-free firecracker reagent; It is characterized in that, be made up of following mass component: first component 35～65%, second component are 35～65%; The quality group of first component becomes potassium perchlorate 20～50%; The mixture that saltpetre 0～30%, nitrate of baryta 30-50% are formed accounts for the complexing agent of mixture 1～5%; The quality group of second component becomes aluminium silver powder 50～80%, wood charcoal powder 10～25%, organic sparklet 10～25%; Described complexing agent is tartrate or Seignette salt.
2. sulfur-free and pearlite-free firecracker reagent according to claim 1; It is characterized in that, be made up of following mass component: first component 60%, second component are 40%; The quality group of first component becomes potassium perchlorate 40%; Saltpetre 30%, the mixture that nitrate of baryta 30% is formed accounts for the complexing agent of mixture 3%; The quality group of second component becomes aluminium silver powder 50～80%, wood charcoal powder 10～25%, organic sparklet 10～25%.
3. sulfur-free and pearlite-free firecracker reagent according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, urethane or PS that described organic sparklet was 100 mesh sieves.
4. sulfur-free and pearlite-free firecracker reagent according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described wood charcoal powder is-150 purpose waste of flax charcoals.
5. the preparation method of the described sulfur-free and pearlite-free firecracker reagent of claim 1 is characterized in that, mixes with the second component after the first component is crossed 120 mesh sieves; Again first component that mixes and second component are crossed 100 mesh sieves at least three times, until consistent the getting final product of color mixing of medicament.
6. the preparation method of sulfur-free and pearlite-free firecracker reagent according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described wood charcoal powder is-150 purpose waste of flax charcoals.
7. the preparation method of sulfur-free and pearlite-free firecracker reagent according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described organic sparklet is urethane or PS.
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| CN2010102533163A CN101921159B (en) | 2010-08-13 | 2010-08-13 | Sulfur-free and pearlite-free firecracker reagent and preparation method thereof |
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| CN2010102533163A CN101921159B (en) | 2010-08-13 | 2010-08-13 | Sulfur-free and pearlite-free firecracker reagent and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101921159B true CN101921159B (en) | 2012-01-25 |
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| CN103626616A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-03-12 | 湖南明义烟花集团有限公司 | Sulfur-free explosive formula for inner barrel |
| CN103739416B (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2016-08-24 | 江西省李渡烟花集团有限公司 | A kind of Novel firework silver willow powder |
| RU2542314C1 (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2015-02-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Федеральный научно-производственный центр "Научно-исследовательский институт прикладной химии" | Spark-force composition of green fire for fireworks |
| CN104058906B (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2016-05-18 | 湖南飞宇新材料有限公司 | A kind of without sulphur ring peace agent propellant powder |
| CN105198680A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-30 | 万载县载安新材料科技有限公司 | Sulfur-free composite material composition for preparing firecrackers |
| CN105801325A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2016-07-27 | 黄国胜 | Sterilization environment-friendly firecracker containing traditional Chinese medicine |
| CN106008123B (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2020-02-07 | 浏阳市金丰出口鞭炮烟花制造有限公司 | Sulfur-free firecracker powder |
| CN106116997B (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-04-20 | 杨吉明 | A kind of low-sulfur firecracker reagent and preparation method thereof |
| CN106116994B (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-04-20 | 杨吉明 | A kind of fireworks and firecrackers agglomeration resistance oxidant and preparation method thereof |
| CN108516917A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-09-11 | 张宏善 | A kind of safety opens quick-fried medicine, propellant powder and preparation method thereof without sulfur type fireworks |
| CN110498724B (en) * | 2019-06-22 | 2021-01-29 | 中国人民解放军69080部队 | Fuming composition capable of reducing initial reaction temperature, preparation method and application |
| CN110498723B (en) * | 2019-06-22 | 2021-01-29 | 中国人民解放军69080部队 | New application of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, smoke agent added with ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and preparation method of smoke agent |
| CN110759799B (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-07-23 | 湖南南联环资科技有限责任公司 | Process for preparing firework and firecracker filling material by using quartz sand tail mud |
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| CN101633592B (en) * | 2009-07-03 | 2012-06-06 | 利川市忠路烟花爆竹产销有限公司 | Formula of firecracker |
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