CN101918197B - 经由中间产品生产复合结构的方法、相关设备及可由该方法获得的复合结构 - Google Patents

经由中间产品生产复合结构的方法、相关设备及可由该方法获得的复合结构 Download PDF

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CN101918197B
CN101918197B CN2008801143804A CN200880114380A CN101918197B CN 101918197 B CN101918197 B CN 101918197B CN 2008801143804 A CN2008801143804 A CN 2008801143804A CN 200880114380 A CN200880114380 A CN 200880114380A CN 101918197 B CN101918197 B CN 101918197B
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fibrage
mold component
component
longitudinal direction
composite
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CN101918197A (zh
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H·弗雷德里克森
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LM Wind Power AS
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LM Glasfiber AS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C70/44—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding
    • B29C70/443—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding and impregnating by vacuum or injection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/40—Applying molten plastics, e.g. hot melt
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/40—Applying molten plastics, e.g. hot melt
    • B29C65/42—Applying molten plastics, e.g. hot melt between pre-assembled parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/70—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by moulding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B29C66/1142—Single butt to butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
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    • B29C66/7214—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the length of the fibres
    • B29C66/72141—Fibres of continuous length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B29C66/73753—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being partially cured, i.e. partially cross-linked, partially vulcanized
    • B29C66/73754—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being partially cured, i.e. partially cross-linked, partially vulcanized the to-be-joined areas of both parts to be joined being partially cured
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8145—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81455—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps being a fluid inflatable bag or bladder, a diaphragm or a vacuum bag for applying isostatic pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C69/00—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore
    • B29C69/004—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore making articles by joining parts moulded in separate cavities, said parts being in said separate cavities during said joining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/304—In-plane lamination by juxtaposing or interleaving of plies, e.g. scarf joining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2791/00—Shaping characteristics in general
    • B29C2791/001—Shaping in several steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C2791/006—Using vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/116—Single bevelled joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being bevelled in the joint area
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
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    • B29K2063/00—Use of EP, i.e. epoxy resins or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
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Abstract

一种生产复合结构的方法，所述复合结构包括纤维增强材料并且具有纵向方向。所述方法包括如下步骤：a)制造包括第一固化复合部件(212)和多个第一纤维层(214)的第一结构(210)，所述第一固化复合部件(212)具有第一厚度和带有第一端部(213)的纵向方向，所述多个第一纤维层从所述第一端部延伸；b)制造包括第二固化复合部件(262)和多个第二纤维层(264)的第二结构(260)，所述第二固化复合部件(262)具有第二厚度和带有第二端部(263)的纵向方向，所述多个第二纤维层(264)从所述第二端部延伸；并且c)将所述第一结构和所述第二结构布置成使得所述第一端部面向所述第二端部，并且将所述第一纤维层和所述第二纤维层布置成使得所述第一纤维层的至少一部分在所述纵向方向上与所述第二纤维层的至少一部分重叠；d)供应液态树脂以便浸灌所述第一纤维层和所述第二纤维层；以及e)固化所述液态树脂以便形成所述复合结构，所述复合结构包括所述第一固化复合部件、所述第二固化复合部件以及包括了所述第一纤维层和所述第二纤维层的中间复合部件。

Description

经由中间产品生产复合结构的方法、相关设备及可由该方法获得的复合结构
技术领域
本发明涉及生产包括纤维增强材料且具有纵向方向的复合结构的方法，并涉及由该方法获得的复合结构和中间产品以及制造该复合结构的模具设备。 
背景技术
纤维增强聚合物制成的风力涡轮机叶片通常在模具中制造成壳部件，其中，通过将玻璃纤维缠结物(mat)布置在两个模具部件中的每一个内而分离地制造叶片型材的顶侧和底侧(通常分别是压力侧和吸力侧)。然后，通常借助于内部凸缘部件将两个半体胶粘在一起。将胶水施加到下叶片半体的内表面，然后使上叶片半体下降到下叶片半体上。另外，通常在将下叶片半体胶粘到上叶片半体之前，将一个或两个增强型材(梁)附接到下叶片半体的内侧。 
风力涡轮机叶片的壳部件通常借助于VARTM(真空辅助树脂传输模制)制造成纤维复合结构，其中，液体聚合物(也称为树脂)被充注入模具腔内，该模具腔内先前已经插入了纤维材料，然后在模具腔内产生真空，从而抽吸聚合物。聚合物可以是热固性塑料或热塑性塑料。 
真空注入或VARTM是一种用于模制纤维复合模制件的工艺，其中，在模具部件的一个内分层放置均匀分布的纤维，该纤维是粗纱(或称纱束)，即纤维带的束、粗纱带或缠结物，而缠结物或者是由独立纤维制成的毛毡缠结物(felt mats)或者是由纤维粗纱制成的纺织缠结物。第二模具部件通常由弹性真空袋制成，并且随后放置在纤维材料的顶上。通过在模具部件的内侧和真空袋之间的模具腔内产生真空(通常是完全真空的80％到95％)，其内包含有纤维材料的液体聚合物可被抽入并填充模具腔。所谓的分布层或分布管，也称为入口通道，被用于真空袋和纤维材料之间以便获得尽可能完好且有效的聚合物分布。在多数情况下，所施加的聚合物是聚酯或环氧树脂，而纤维增强多数情况下常常是基于玻璃纤维或碳纤维的。
众所周知，用于制造大型物件(例如风力涡轮机叶片)并包括两个模具部件的模具绕纵向铰链线闭合，其中，该铰链是被动的，即，用起重机来绕铰链线提升其中一个模具部件，以便关闭和打开该模具。在制造风力涡轮机叶片时，模具是闭合的从而使两个叶片壳半体胶粘在一起，所述壳半体是在分离的模具部件中生产的。 
多年来，风力涡轮机叶片不断变长，已经大量生产超过60米的叶片，这意味着用于模制这种叶片的模具组件也在不断变大。这导致了关于所用模具组件的问题，因为在关闭模具组件期间相对于一个模具部件旋转的另一个模具部件在旋转运动期间达到了非常高的高度，这要求制造叶片的大厅的天花板高度必须非常高。这意味着大厅的造价变得越来越昂贵，或者现有大厅的天花板必须升高，而这也导致更高的财务费用。此外，这些大型复合结构的运输也有问题。 
因此，已经提出了将风力涡轮机叶片分开为两个或更多个分离的叶片部分，然后在风力涡轮机的架设地点组装这些叶片。从而，有可能在较小的模具中制造分离的叶片部分，而且运输这些小得多的叶片部件也不会有那么多的问题。WO06/103307和WO2006/002621中描述了这种叶片的示例。 
然而，分成分离部分的现有技术叶片是通过机械连接装置结合的，这引入了机械分界面，而机械分界面在使用风力涡轮机叶片期间可导致局部薄弱点并且在最坏情况下导致破裂。 
GB2162791公开了一种通过去除纤维增强树脂主体端部处的树脂而对纤维增强树脂主体进行曝露纤维增强的方法。从而，可通过树脂连接将曝露的纤维连接到进行过类似处理的树脂主体。 
DE10352964公开了一种用于修复纤维增强复合体的方法。该方法涉及通过使限定区域遭受微波辐射而从纤维增强复合体上去除基质树脂，然后用修复树脂和额外的纤维材料来修复该限定区域。 
JP59174315公开了一种方法，通过使用激光束或等离子热源来结合纤维增强树脂材料的两个部分的增强纤维，以提高纤维增强树脂材料的联合部分的强度。 
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是要获得一种制造组装式复合结构的新方法以及提供由该方法获得的复合结构和中间产品，该方法克服或者改善了现有技术的至少一个缺点，或者该方法提供了有用的替代方式。 
根据本发明的第一方面，该目的是由包括下述步骤的方法实现的：在第一地点：a)制造包括第一固化复合部件和多个第一纤维层的第一结构，其中所述第一固化复合部件具有第一厚度和带有第一端部的纵向方向，而且所述多个第一纤维层从第一端部延伸；在第二地点：b)制造包括第二固化复合部件和多个第二纤维层的第二结构，其中所述第二固化复合部件具有第二厚度和带有第二端部的纵向方向，而且所述多个第一纤维层从第二端部延伸；以及在远离第一和第二地点的第三地点：c)布置第一结构和第二结构使得第一端部面向第二端部，并且布置第一纤维层和第二纤维层使得在纵向方向上第一纤维层的至少一部分与第二纤维层的至少一部分重叠；d)供应液态树脂以便浸灌第一纤维层和第二纤维层；以及e)固化液态树脂以便形成复合结构，该复合结构包括第一固化复合部件、第二固化复合部件以及包括了第一纤维层和第二纤维层的中间复合部件。 
因此，可以通过制造分离的较小结构来生产具有巨大纵向长度的复合结构，每个较小结构均具有复合部件和从复合部件延伸的多个非固化纤维层，这些纤维层例如从该结构的复合部件松散地悬挂。然后通过将液态树脂供应到非固化纤维层并使液态树脂固化而将这些分离结构模制在一起。与包括通过机械方式连接的分离部件的大型复合结构相比，这种用于生产复合结构的方法具有许多结构性优点，这是因为本发明的复合结构没有任何可能导致复合结构内出现结构性弱点或薄弱点风险的分界表面。 
可通过任何已知的模制工艺(例如VARTM)来制造所述分离结构的固化复合部件，其中，模具腔连接到树脂入口和真空出口，树脂入口和真空出口用于使布置在模具腔内的材料(例如多个纤维层和任选的芯材)浸灌(或称灌注)。 
如果通过三个或更多个分离结构来制造所述复合结构，则中间结构当然需要具有从这些结构的两个端部延伸的纤维层。此外， 可以将叶片制造成可适合于多种不同叶片类型或叶片长度的多个分离叶片部件。 
纤维层可包括粗纱，即纤维带的束、粗纱的带或缠结物，而缠结物或者是由单独纤维制成的毛毡缠结物或者是由纤维粗纱制成的纺织缠结物。纤维可例如是玻璃纤维、碳纤维、塑料纤维或植物纤维。树脂可例如是环氧树脂、聚酯或乙烯基酯。根据具体的有利实施例，纤维层包括玻璃纤维。 
复合结构可如所提及的是风力涡轮机叶片，在这种情况下，第一结构和第二结构是风力涡轮机叶片部件。 
根据第一有利实施例，第一地点就是第二地点，或者在第二地点附近。因此，第一地点和第二地点优选为同一工厂的一部分。“附近”是指第一地点位于第二地点的1000米、500米、300米、200米或100米范围内。“远离位置”是指第三地点位于离第一地点和第二地点至少100米、200米、300米、500米、1000米或5000米远处。 
根据另一个有利实施例，第三地点位于离架设地点(或称装配场)1000米、500米、300米、200米或100米的范围内，该架设地点例如是风力涡轮机的架设地点，在该地点，风力涡轮机叶片将被用于风力涡轮机的转子。 
根据一个实施例，步骤a)包括如下步骤：I)提供包括模具腔并具有纵向方向的成形结构；II)将纤维材料置于模具腔内，使得纤维材料的一部分布置在与第一结构的第一固化复合部件相对应的部分内，而纤维材料的另一部分形成第一纤维层；III)在与第一结构的第一固化复合部件相对应的部分内，与步骤b)同时地和/或在步骤b)之后，在模具腔内提供树脂；以及IV)固化树脂以便形成第一固化复合结构。由此，提供了制造第一结构的具体的简单方法，其中，纤维层的一部分被树脂浸灌并被固化，而纤维层的剩余部分并未提供有树脂，因此可以在固化后从第一固化复合部件松散地悬挂。有利地，纤维材料被布置成使得第一纤维层在纵向方向上延伸超过成形结构的模具腔。因此，可仅向模具腔供应树脂，而在固化后第一纤维层从第一固化复合部件的第一端部延伸。 
前述过程的实施例当然也可适用于步骤b)，即第二结构也可根据相同方法制造。 
因此，根据更广的方面，本发明还提供了制造复合结构的方法，该复合结构具有纵向方向并包括具有第一端部的第一固化部件，多个非固化纤维层从第一端部延伸，该方法包括如下步骤：I)提供包括模具腔并具有纵向方向的成形结构；II)将纤维材料置于模具腔内，使得纤维材料的一部分布置在与第一结构的第一固化复合部件对应的部分内，而纤维材料的另一部分形成第一纤维层；III)在与第一结构的第一固化复合部件对应的部分内，与步骤b)同时地和/或在步骤b)之后，在模具腔内提供树脂；以及IV)固化树脂以便形成第一固化复合结构。如所提及的，纤维材料可被布置成使得第一纤维层在纵向方向上延伸超过成形结构的模具腔。 
该方法提供了连接复合结构的现有技术方法的简化替代方法，在现有技术方法中，必须通过激光束或等离子热源来使纤维熔接。此外，根据本发明的该方法提供了更强的连接，这是因为纤维层(例如包括纤维束或粗纱)使得连接中可以形成非常高的纤维密度。 
根据第一实施例，第一复合结构和第二复合结构被制造成具有内表面和外表面的壳构件。通常，复合结构被制造成壳构件或壳半体部件，而其随后被胶粘在一起，例如为了制造用于风力涡轮机的叶片。因此，对于给定的壳半体复合结构，第一结构和第二结构也可以是壳部件。因此，可在架设地点组装壳半体并随后将壳半体胶粘在一起以便构建具有内表面和外表面的壳构件。 
在根据本发明的另一个实施例中，该方法进一步包括如下步骤：i)提供第一模具部件，该第一模具部件包括用于密封第一壳部件的内表面的第一密封装置和用于密封第二壳部件的内表面的第二密封装置；以及ii)提供第二模具部件，该第二模具部件包括用于密封第一壳部件的外表面的第一密封装置和用于密封第二壳部件的外表面的第二密封装置，其中，通过使用所述第一模具部件和所述第二模具部件来实施步骤d)和e)。 
模具部件可以是真空袋或真空箔(vacuum foil)，而密封装置可以是任意的合适材料，例如胶粘带。替代性地，模具部件中的一个或两者都可以是固体模具部件。根据第一实施例，第一模具部件和/或第二模具部件设置有树脂入口。根据第二实施例，第一模具部件和/或第二模具部件设置有真空出口。因此，模具部件可用于通过 VARTM方法用液态树脂浸灌非固化纤维。 
在根据本发明的又一个实施例中，第一模具部件和/或第二模具部件包括可膨胀或可充气部件。由此，给定的模具部件可紧密地配合到两个结构的内表面和/或外表面。典型地，第一模具部件将包括可膨胀部件，而第二模具部件是刚性的。 
然而，也可通过手工来模制第一纤维层和第二纤维层，例如使用刷子和滚筒把树脂施加到纤维层，并随后使树脂固化。 
根据一个实施例，第一结构和第二结构在步骤c)中被布置成使得第一结构和第二结构的表面基本彼此齐平。如果第一结构和第二结构是壳构件，这意味着第一结构的内表面与第二结构的内表面基本齐平，并且第一结构的外表面与第二结构的外表面基本齐平。 
根据另一个实施例，第一端部和/或第二端部是成角度的，使得第一厚度和/或第二厚度在纵向方向上变化。由此，第一和第二复合结构的固化部件的端部可形成基本上呈V形的空隙，这确保了从两个结构延伸的纤维层的有效浸灌，并且可基本填充该V形的空隙。 
根据又一个实施例，第一纤维层被切割成使得其端部在步骤c)中基本延伸到第二端部，和/或第二纤维层被切割成使得其端部基本延伸到第一端部。这可适用于一些实施例，其中，纤维层在中间复合部件内最大限度地延伸，从而最小化了成品的复合结构形成局部弱点或薄弱点的可能性。 
在根据本发明的另一个实施例中，第一纤维层和/或第二纤维层被成角度地切割成使得各自层的厚度在纵向方向上变化。第一纤维层和/或第二纤维层还可被切割成使得其端部形成锯齿状边界。这两个实施例均提供了具有高结构性强度的中间结构。 
在根据本方面的另一个实施例中，第一纤维层在步骤c)中被布置成使得其一部分限定了中间复合部件的一个表面，第二纤维层被布置成使得其一部分限定了中间复合部件的另一个表面。纤维层可例如分别限定壳构件的内部件和外部件。 
根据一个有利的实施例，中间复合部件形成了复合结构的局部加厚区。这为该部件提供了更高的强度，从而进一步减小了局部薄弱点的可能性。 
也可以之后再向不同表面施加额外的纤维层。在树脂固化 后，可能需要对不同表面进行填充和打磨。这既适用于复合结构的外表面也适用于结构的内表面。 
根据本发明的另一个方面，该目的是通过可由任意前述方法获得的复合结构实现的。 
根据又一个方面，该目的是由包括固化复合部件的叶片壳部件实现的，该固化复合部件包括纤维增强聚合物并具有第一端部，多个纤维层从该第一端部延伸。该叶片壳部件也可具有第二端部，多个纤维层从该第二端部延伸，在这种情况下，该叶片壳部件可与另两个分离的叶片壳部件一起组装。如前所述，纤维层可从固化复合部件的端部松散地延伸。 
根据本发明的最后一个方面，该目的还由叶片模具设备实现，该叶片模具设备包括第一模具部件和第二模具部件以及连接到未固化树脂源的树脂入口和连接到真空源的真空出口，其中，第一模具部件具有用于密封第一壳部件内表面的第一密封装置和用于密封第二壳部件内表面的第二密封装置，并且第二模具部件具有用于密封第一壳部件外表面的第一密封装置和用于密封第二壳部件外表面的第二密封装置。 
第一模具部件、第一壳部件、第二模具部件和第二壳部件从而可形成模具腔，而树脂入口和真空出口可用于迫使未固化的树脂进入该模具腔，在该模具腔内布置有第一和第二壳部件的纤维层。 
如前所述，模具部件可设置有树脂入口并可能设置有真空出口。而且，第一模具部件可包括可膨胀部件，其被布置成，在该可膨胀部件膨胀时将第一模具部件的一部分密封地推挤抵靠在叶片壳部件的内侧。 
附图说明
以下参照附图详细解释本发明，附图中： 
图1示出了具有根据本发明制造的叶片壳部件的模具部件； 
图2示出了根据本发明的两个叶片壳部件之间的组件的第一实施例的剖视图； 
图3示出了根据本发明的两个叶片壳部件之间的组件的第二实施例的剖视图； 
图4示出了根据本发明的两个叶片壳部件之间的组件的第三实施例的剖视图； 
图5示出了根据本发明的两个叶片壳部件之间的组件的第四实施例的剖视图； 
图6示出了根据本发明的两个叶片壳部件之间的组件的第五实施例的剖视图；以及 
图7示出了根据本发明的两个叶片壳部件之间的组件的第六实施例的剖视图。 
具体实施方式
图1示出了具有第一模制结构的第一模具部件100和具有第二模制结构的第二模具部件150，该第一模制结构w为根据本发明的第一叶片壳部件110的形式，该第二模制结构为根据本发明的第二叶片壳部件160的形式。叶片壳部件150、160是风力涡轮机叶片压力侧的部分壳部件，第一叶片壳部件150形成了叶片的一部分，叶片的这一部分在叶片安装到风力涡轮机叶片的毂时最靠近毂并且包括根部区域，第二叶片壳部件160形成了叶片的最远离毂并且包括叶片顶部的那一部分。 
第一叶片壳部件110包括第一固化复合部件112，第一固化复合部件112已被模制在第一模具部件100的模制表面内。第一固化复合部件112包括纤维增强聚合物材料并且可由任何常规方法制造，例如VARTM方法。第一固化复合部件112包括第一端部113，多个第一纤维层114从第一端部113延伸出。第一固化复合部件112进一步包括凸缘130，凸缘130将被胶粘或以其他方式粘附到对应叶片壳部件的凸缘，该对应叶片壳部件限定了成品风力涡轮机叶片的吸力侧。 
第二叶片壳部件160包括第二固化复合部件162，第二固化复合部件162已被模制在第二模具部件150的模制表面内。第二固化复合部件162包括纤维增强聚合物材料并且可由任何常规方法制造，例如VARTM方法。第二固化复合部件162包括第二端部163，多个第二纤维层164从第二端部163延伸出。第二固化复合部件162进一步包括凸缘180，凸缘180将被胶粘或以其他方式粘附到对应叶片壳 部件的凸缘，该对应的叶片壳部件限定了成品风力涡轮机叶片的吸力侧。固化的复合部件可包括纤维层、芯材和纵向延伸的增强部分，它们本身可由制造纤维增强聚合物的风力涡轮机叶片的常规方法制成是已知的。 
风力涡轮机叶片可通过如下方式组装：将两个壳部件110、160布置成使得第一叶片壳部件110的第一端部113面向第二叶片壳部件160的第二端部163。随后，用液态树脂浸灌(或者称为浸透或灌注)纤维层并固化，以形成包括第一纤维层114和第二纤维层164的中间复合部件。可在风力涡轮机叶片的架设地点进行浸灌和固化，因而叶片壳部件可分离地运输到该地点。 
可能需要向中间复合部件的表面施加额外的纤维层。这可通过手工实现。另外，可能需要进行合适的精加工或抛光，例如填充和打磨不同表面，以便获得平滑表面。 
可手工利用刷子和滚筒进行浸灌。替代性地，可使用已知的制造方法，例如VARTM或RTM(树脂传输模制)。风力涡轮机叶片可通过下述方式组装：首先组装叶片压力侧的叶片壳部件，组装叶片吸力侧的叶片壳部件，并且最后将叶片的吸力侧和压力侧胶粘在一起。替代性地，成品叶片压力侧的叶片壳部件110、160可在运输到架设地点之前与对应的成品叶片吸力侧的叶片壳部件组装。在这种情况下，可能需要让工人攀爬到叶片内以便在壳构件内部安装模具部件并且进行必要的叶片精加工或抛光。 
叶片壳部件110、160的固化复合部件112、162的端部113、163可设置成各种形状，以便于在架设地点的组装并且确保成品复合结构的中间复合部件具有高的结构性强度。图2-6示出了端部和纤维层的多个实施例。 
图2示出了根据本发明的第一叶片壳部件210和第二叶片壳部件260的剖视图。第一叶片壳部件210包括具有第一端部213的第一固化复合部件212，多个第一纤维层214从第一端部213延伸。第一叶片壳部件210进一步包括第一表面216和第二表面218，在成品壳构件中，第一表面216和第二表面218可分别限定壳构件的外表面和内表面。相应地，第二叶片壳部件260包括具有第二端部263的第二固化复合部件262，多个第二纤维层264从第二端部263延伸。 第二叶片壳部件260进一步包括第一表面216和第二表面218，在成品壳构件中，第一表面216和第二表面218可分别限定壳构件的外表面和内表面。 
第一叶片壳部件210和第二叶片壳部件260被布置成使得第一纤维层214和第二纤维层264在成品壳部件的纵向方向上部分重叠。之后用液态树脂浸灌第一纤维层214和第二纤维层264并固化。纤维层214、264也可部分地由预浸灌的纤维层组成，在这种情况下，可将纤维层加热到一定温度以便使树脂液化，然后进一步加热以固化树脂。可通过手工或者通过已知的浸灌或注入方法进行浸灌和固化。 
图2还示出了通过利用VARTM方法浸灌纤维层214、264的实施例。真空袋形式的第二模具部件222例如通过使用胶粘带密封到第一叶片壳部件210的第一表面216(或外表面)并密封到第二叶片壳部件260的第一表面266(或外表面)。类似地，真空袋形式的第一模具部件220例如通过使用胶粘带密封到第一叶片壳部件210的第二表面218(或内表面)并密封到第二叶片壳部件260的第二表面266(或内表面)。如果叶片部件是具有内部和外部的壳构件，则第一模具部件220可包括可膨胀部件以便填充壳构件的内部。模具部件220、222也可以是刚性的并具有适于配合到壳部件外部的成形表面。 
通过使用树脂入口224和真空出口226以便在第一端部213和第二端部263之间形成的空隙内抽吸入液态树脂来浸灌纤维层214、264，纤维层214、264布置在该空隙内。为了实现对空隙的有效填充，可在壳部件210、260的第二表面218、268附近设置分布层。替代性地，可通过布置在第一表面216、266处的树脂入口和布置在第二表面218、268处的真空出口来施加树脂，反之亦然。 
图3示出了根据本发明的壳部件的第二实施例，其中，相似附图标记对应于图2所示第一实施例的相似附图标记。因此，仅描述这两个实施例之间的不同之处。此处，第一纤维层314被布置成使得它们包括在成品中间复合部件的下半体内并限定中间复合部件的第一表面。第二纤维层364被布置成使得它们包括在成品中间复合部件的上半体内并限定中间复合部件的第二表面。 
图4示出了根据本发明的壳部件的第三实施例，其中，相似附图标记对应于图2所示第一实施例的相似附图标记。因此，仅描 述这两个实施例之间的不同之处。此处，第一纤维层414和第二纤维层464被成角度地切割成使得第一纤维的量和第二纤维的量之比在成品复合结构的纵向方向上逐渐变化。从而，例如可以逐渐改变第一种类型纤维(如碳纤维)和第二种类型纤维(如玻璃纤维)之间的比例。 
图5示出了根据本发明的壳部件的第四实施例，其中，相似附图标记对应于图2所示第一实施例的相似附图标记。因此，仅描述这两个实施例之间的不同之处。第一叶片壳部件510包括限定了中间复合结构第一表面的第一预浸灌或预固化部件540，而第二叶片壳部件560包括限定了中间复合结构第二表面的第二预浸灌或预固化部件590。优选通过从一侧施加树脂并从另一侧施加真空来浸灌纤维层514、564。 
图6示出了根据本发明的壳部件的第五实施例，其中，相似附图标记对应于图2所示第一实施例的相似附图标记。因此，仅描述这两个实施例之间的不同之处。此处，第一叶片壳部件610的第一端部613和第二叶片壳部件660的第二端部663被切割成或形成有角度，从而使得第一固化复合部件612和第二固化复合部件662的厚度在成品复合结构的纵向方向上变化。这可适用于如下实施例，其中，在两个端部613、663之间形成有V形空隙。可将树脂从结构(任选地具有上分布层)的第一侧施加到纤维层614、664从而填充该空隙，以确保形成位于朝向第二侧运动的液态树脂前面的宽流(wide flow)，而真空被施加在第二侧处。这提供了防止在纤维材料中形成干点(dryspots)的有效方法。 
图7示出了根据本发明的壳部件的第六实施例，其中，相似附图标记对应于图2所示第一实施例的相似附图标记。因此，仅描述这两个实施例之间的不同之处。该图示出了穿过第一叶片壳部件和第二叶片壳部件的剖面，并且示出了壳部件的两侧，例如成品叶片的吸力侧和压力侧。第一模具部件720包括可膨胀部件728，可膨胀部件728被布置成在膨胀时，该可膨胀部件推挤第一模具部件720的一部分密封地抵靠第二叶片壳部件的内表面718和第二叶片壳部件的内表面。此处，第二模具部件722被图示为真空袋。然而，第二模具部件可由多个刚性模具部件组成，这些刚性模具部件具有限定了成品风力涡轮机叶片外部件的模制表面。 
本发明已经参照优选实施例得到了描述。不过，本发明的范围并不限于所例示的实施例，在不偏离本发明范围的情况下，可进行变化和修改。附图标记列表在附图标记中，x表示一个具体实施例。因此，例如附图标记410表示第四个实施例的第一复合部件。100第一模具部件x10第一复合结构/第一叶片壳部件x12第一固化复合部件x13第一端部x14第一纤维层x16第一表面/外表面x18第二表面/内表面x20第一模具部件x22第二模具部件x24树脂入口x26真空出口728可膨胀部件x30叶片壳凸缘540第一预浸灌部件或预固化部件150第二模具部件x60第二复合结构/第二叶片壳部件x62第二固化复合部件x63第二端部x64第二纤维层x66第一表面/外表面x68第二表面/内表面x80叶片壳凸缘590第二预浸灌部件或预固化部件 

Claims (16)

1.一种生产风力涡轮机叶片的方法，所述风力涡轮机叶片包括纤维增强材料并且具有纵向方向，所述方法包括如下步骤：
在第一地点：
a)制造包括第一固化复合部件和多个第一纤维层的第一结构，所述第一固化复合部件具有第一厚度和带有第一端部的纵向方向，所述多个第一纤维层从所述第一端部延伸；
在第二地点：
b)制造包括第二固化复合部件和多个第二纤维层的第二结构，所述第二固化复合部件具有第二厚度和带有第二端部的纵向方向，所述多个第二纤维层从所述第二端部延伸；并且
在远离所述第一地点和所述第二地点的第三地点：
c)将所述第一结构和所述第二结构布置成使得所述第一端部面向所述第二端部，并且将所述第一纤维层和所述第二纤维层布置成使得所述第一纤维层的至少一部分与所述第二纤维层的至少一部分在所述纵向方向上重叠；
d)供应液态树脂以便浸灌所述第一纤维层和所述第二纤维层；以及
e)固化所述液态树脂以便形成复合结构，所述复合结构包括所述第一固化复合部件、所述第二固化复合部件以及包括了所述第一纤维层和所述第二纤维层的中间复合部件。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一地点在所述第二地点附近。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤a)包括如下步骤：
I)提供包括模具腔且具有纵向方向的成形结构；
II)将纤维材料置于所述模具腔内，使得所述纤维材料的一部分被布置在与所述第一结构的所述第一固化复合部件对应的部分内，而所述纤维材料的另一部分形成所述第一纤维层；
III)在与所述第一结构的所述第一固化复合部件对应的所述部分内，与步骤b)同时地和/或在步骤b)之后，在所述模具腔内提供树脂；以及
IV)固化所述树脂，以形成所述第一固化复合部件。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述纤维材料被布置成使得所述第一纤维层在所述纵向方向上延伸超过所述成形结构的所述模具腔。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一固化复合部件和所述第二固化复合部件被制造成具有内表面和外表面的壳部件。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括如下步骤：
i)提供第一模具部件，所述第一模具部件包括用于密封第一壳部件的内表面的第一密封装置和用于密封第二壳部件的内表面的第二密封装置；以及
ii)提供第二模具部件，所述第二模具部件包括用于密封第一壳部件的外表面的第一密封装置和用于密封第二壳部件的外表面的第二密封装置，其中，通过使用所述第一模具部件和所述第二模具部件来实施步骤d)和e)。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一模具部件和/或所述第二模具部件设置有树脂入口。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一模具部件和/或所述第二模具部件设置有真空出口。
9.如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一模具部件和/或所述第二模具部件包括可膨胀部件。
10.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤c)中的所述第一结构和所述第二结构被布置成使得所述第一结构和所述第二结构的表面基本上彼此齐平。
11.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一端部和/或所述第二端部是成角度的，从而使得所述第一厚度和/或所述第二厚度在所述纵向方向上变化。
12.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一纤维层被切割成使得其端部在步骤c)中基本延伸到所述第二端部，和/或所述第二纤维层被切割成使得其端部基本延伸到所述第一端部。
13.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一纤维层和/或所述第二纤维层被成角度地切割成使得各自层的所述厚度在所述纵向方向上变化。
14.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一纤维层和/或所述第二纤维层被切割成使得其端部形成锯齿状边界。
15.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一纤维层在步骤c)中被布置成使得这些层的一部分限定了所述中间复合部件的一个表面，所述第二纤维层被布置成使得这些层的一部分限定了所述中间复合部件的另一个表面。
16.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述中间复合部件形成了所述复合结构的局部加厚区。
CN2008801143804A 2007-09-04 2008-08-22 经由中间产品生产复合结构的方法、相关设备及可由该方法获得的复合结构 Active CN101918197B (zh)

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