CN101917389A - Network television direct broadcasting system - Google Patents
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- CN101917389A CN101917389A CN2009102428198A CN200910242819A CN101917389A CN 101917389 A CN101917389 A CN 101917389A CN 2009102428198 A CN2009102428198 A CN 2009102428198A CN 200910242819 A CN200910242819 A CN 200910242819A CN 101917389 A CN101917389 A CN 101917389A
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Abstract
The invention provides a network television direct broadcasting system. The system comprises a streaming media signal acquisition server, a streaming media signal receiving server and a streaming media content transmitting server, wherein the streaming media signal acquisition server is used for acquiring the original streaming media signal from a program signal source in real time and generating a streaming media direct broadcasting file by coding; the streaming media signal receiving server is used for acquiring the streaming media direct broadcasting file from the program signal source in real time and buffering streaming segments; the buffering of the streaming segments is to establish an index for each key frame of the streaming media direct broadcasting file; and the streaming media content transmitting server is used for acquiring the streaming media direct broadcasting file from the streaming media signal receiving server and transmitting the streaming media direct broadcasting file to a network player for playing in real time. The system has the functions of direct broadcasting, playback, multi-screen signal acquisition, code optimization, multi-rate coding, automatic cutting, multi-packet transmission and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the network direct broadcasting technical field, particularly relate to a kind of network television direct broadcasting system.
Background technology
China's radio, TV and film industries have experienced the transformation of simulated television to Digital Television, are accompanied by rapid development of Internet, also enter cybertimes.Through the development of decades, each province and city TV station has all accumulated the abundant content resource, and this is comprising video, audio frequency, picture, literal etc.And popular consumption to content also reads that from listening to the radio programme the most at the beginning newspaper sees passive receive modes such as TV, to beginning to utilize network initiatively to obtain the most relevant most interested content-message with oneself.The carrier of information propagation simultaneously expands channel more such as computer, mobile phone, mobile TV to also from paper, broadcast receiver, television set.The consumer has increasing autonomy, also is necessary also must hold historical opportunity with regard to the media industry that means us, makes full use of intrinsic advantage in this change, selects new operation mode, seizes the first market opportunities.
The streaming media video common technology is mainly Windows mediaServer of Microsoft and the Media Server of Adobe company two big camps at present, and player is respectively based on windows media player and flash player.Though the technology comparative maturity,, the interaction of shortage and end user's necessity for traditional tv, except transmission medium becomes IP network from the HFC cable TV network, does not have too big advantage.For example, in the live process, the content of having broadcasted can't be reproduced, and can only watch again in the mode of network program request in live end back.
And along with the extensive use of HD video form, Internet video is to quality, the definition of video content and watch smooth degree also to have higher requirement.And windows mediaserver that tradition adopts and media server as the average family broadband, are difficult to satisfy the demand that high-quality is play under band-limited situation.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of network television direct broadcasting system, to solve the problem that the content broadcasted in the live process can't be reproduced.
In order to address the above problem, the invention discloses a kind of network television direct broadcasting system, comprising:
Streaming Media signals collecting server is used for gathering the primary flow media signal in real time from the programme signal source, and coding generates the live streaming media file;
The Streaming Media signal is included server, is used for obtaining the live streaming media file in real time from the programme signal source, and flows the section buffer memory; Described stream section buffer memory is that each key frame of live streaming media file is set up index;
The streaming medium content transmission server is used for including server from the Streaming Media signal and obtains the live streaming media file, and real-time Transmission is play to network player.
Preferably, described Streaming Media signals collecting server comprises:
Signal acquisition module is used for gathering the primary flow media signal in real time from the programme signal source;
Encoder is used for described primary flow media signal coding is generated the live streaming media file, and offers the Communications service module, adjusts the probability that key frame occurs in the live streaming media file in real time according to the network bandwidth in the cataloged procedure;
The Communications service module is used for that the form that described live streaming media file splits into network transmission package is distributed to the Streaming Media signal and includes server.
Preferably, described signal acquisition module is gathered multichannel primary flow media signal simultaneously at each programme signal source.
Preferably, described encoder is the multiplex coding device, is used for to the concurrent startup multiplex coding in each programme signal source every road corresponding a kind of code check of encoding.
Preferably, described Communications service module is distributed to the Streaming Media signal with a plurality of network transmission package at every turn and includes server.
Preferably, described Streaming Media signals collecting server also comprises:
Automatically montage module, the picture frame that is used for live streaming media file that coding is generated carries out mark, selects picture frame to carry out montage automatically according to described mark then and handles, and the live streaming media file after montage is handled offers the Communications service module again.
Preferably, described streaming medium content transmission server also is used for according to the direct playing and playback request, includes the live streaming media file that server obtains buffer memory from the Streaming Media signal, and begins to obtain according to the key frame position of described index from the time point correspondence of request.
Preferably, described streaming medium content transmission server is included server from the Streaming Media signal and is obtained the live streaming media file with the form of network transmission package, and once obtains a plurality of network transmission package.
Preferably, described streaming medium content transmission server is adjusted the sending probability of key frame in the live streaming media file in real time in transmission course.
Preferably, described Streaming Media signal was included server before live beginning, and a period of time is obtained the live streaming media file in real time from the programme signal source in advance.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
The present invention proposes a kind of network television direct broadcasting system, compare, have following advantage with traditional live broadcast system based on stream media technology:
1, in live process, streaming media server end buffer memory live data, therefore can from buffer memory, reading of data carry out unlimited direct playing and playback for a long time, the user just can repeatedly repeat to watch important content in real time, and can not miss the fragment of any excellence, and prior art is not supported the direct playing and playback function.
2, be to adopt the stream microtomy to carry out buffer memory, promptly each key frame of live streaming media file is set up index, just can directly begin played data according to index from the key frame position, realized the accurate location of streaming media playing, the user does not need to take time and waits for the transmission and the broadcast of previous contents, just can be directly from video arbitrary time point begin playback and watch.
The processing of 3, convection current media compression coding is optimized, the network bandwidth cross low or the indeterminate and unsettled situation of the network bandwidth under, by in cataloged procedure, increasing the probability that key frame occurs in the live streaming media file, solve the slack problem of image frame.And, can also be at the sending probability that in the process of network player transport stream media data, increases key frame, also can guarantee the fluency that the user browses and the quality of video image.
4, can be to the concurrent startup multiplex coding in each programme signal source, the corresponding a kind of code check in wherein every road.Like this, same video just has various code rate to select for the user, and the user can select low code check under the less situation of network bandwidth resources, and selects high code check under the situation of bandwidth resources abundance, realize the switching of multi code Rate of Chinese character, thereby guarantee the fluency of video playback.
5, provide multiple signals at same programme signal source, every road signal is the picture of a lens shooting, selects wherein one road signal broadcast during broadcast, and all the other several signals are carried out buffer memory.Network video player provides the picture handoff functionality, and the user can carry out picture according to the needs of oneself and switch, thereby watches a plurality of pictures of different shooting angles at one time, has satisfied the different demands of different user to video playback.
6, when network player sends the stream medium data of Network Transmission packet form, the ICP/IP protocol that can break traditions reads the regulation of 64K packet at every turn, once read and transmit a plurality of bags, promptly read at every turn with data quantity transmitted greater than 64K, thereby reduce the reading and writing data number of times, reduce the expense of whole system and network.
7, by the picture frame behind the coding is carried out mark, can in the video clipping process, carry out automatic montage, not need to operate manually montage according to described mark.Therefore, realize the automation of video clipping, improved operating efficiency greatly, also alleviated montage personnel's work load.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of the described a kind of network television direct broadcasting system of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of Streaming Media signals collecting server in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the described a kind of IPTV method of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
For above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent more, the present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a kind of traditional network television direct broadcasting system that is different from, this system can be media industry mechanism, school, Party and government offices etc. such as TV station, radio station, papers and magazines provides the video of IP based network to broadcast solution, provides the online of video content to watch.For providing the network teleconference, Internet video, other enterprises and institutions such as each radio, TV and film industries mechanism, government bodies, army of school service such as watch, and the direct broadcast service of competitive sports, party, momentous conference.Along with the technical development that three nets (being TV, broadband and radio network) merge, the broadcast channel of TV station's video frequency program is also day by day abundant, removes conventional television and broadcasts mode, and terminals such as mobile phone, computer, mobile TV also enlarge day by day to the broadcast demand of content.Therefore, adopt network direct broadcasting system, can solve effectively by the Internet or enterprises dedicated network and realize the real-time video transmission, to satisfy the demand that net cast, interaction and many picture angle are watched simultaneously based on stream media technology.
Be elaborated below by embodiment.
With reference to Fig. 1, be the structure chart of the described a kind of network television direct broadcasting system of the embodiment of the invention.
Described network television direct broadcasting system mainly comprises:
Streaming Media signals collecting server 1 is used for gathering the primary flow media signal in real time from the programme signal source, and coding generates the live streaming media file;
The Streaming Media signal is included server 2, is used for obtaining the live streaming media file in real time from the programme signal source, and flows the section buffer memory; Described stream section buffer memory is that each key frame of live streaming media file is set up index;
Streaming medium content transmission server 3 is used for including server from the Streaming Media signal and obtains the live streaming media file, and real-time Transmission is play to network player.
Wherein, described Streaming Media signal is included server 2 and is used to realize include live preceding early stage, includes the live streaming media data from the Streaming Media signals collecting server 1 as the signals collecting end, and is distributed to network player by streaming medium content transmission server 3.Described network player is as the webpage client, for the user provides the streaming media playing service.
Include server 2 at the Streaming Media signal, present embodiment is with the different of prior art:
Direct broadcast server end of the prior art does not all carry out buffer memory to the data of whole live process, but the current partial data that is used to play of buffer memory only, so prior art can't realize the direct playing and playback function.But, the described Streaming Media signal of present embodiment is included server 2 and can all is buffered in all data of live process in the server, like this, the user is when watching live video, if missed certain section live just now content, perhaps think to watch again live just now wonderful, then can back drag the progress bar of player, at this moment this player has just sent playback request to streaming medium content transmission server 3.Streaming medium content transmission server 3 can be included the live streaming media file that server obtains buffer memory from the Streaming Media signal, passes to player and carries out direct playing and playback.And the duration of video playback only is subjected to the restriction of server buffer capacity, therefore under the enough big situation of server buffer capacity, can realize the direct playing and playback of any duration.
In addition, described Streaming Media signal is included server 2 when carrying out buffer memory, has also adopted the stream microtomy.Described stream microtomy is meant all sets up index to each key frame in the file when the live file of stored stream media, and preserves index, can directly navigate to the position of certain key frame in the file by this index.Based on described stream microtomy, the Streaming Media signal is included server 2 can be according to the time point of playback request, in the live streaming media file, find the key frame of this time point correspondence by index, directly begin reading of data then, rather than read whole file from this key frame position.Therefore, network player also can directly ask the time point of playback to begin played data from the user, the user does not need to take time and waits for the transmission and the broadcast of this key frame previous contents, content that just can directly arbitrary time point begins to watch playback from live video.
For described Streaming Media signals collecting server 1, present embodiment has also been optimized the signals collecting encoding function.In actual applications, traditional encryption algorithm as H.264 or MPEG-4 more advanced much than MPEG-2, MJPEG etc., bigger reduction code stream, still, under low bandwidth, but cause the slack problem of picture on the contrary easily.This be because: MPEG series compression algorithm has adopted the pattern of I frame, P frame and B frame, and wherein, the I frame is a key frame, and the P frame is a forward predicted frame, and the B frame is the back forecast frame.The mpeg decode process is as follows: receive an I frame when decoder, can decode at once, and not need other condition.But, when decoder is received P frame or B frame, just can not decode at once, such as, the decoding of P frame needs decoder the P frame or the I frame of this frame front of decoding earlier.If the P frame of front or I frame are lost in network, even the back is received a lot of P frames continuously, also can't normal decoder.For example: lose an I frame in the not enough situation lower network of bandwidth, even P frame subsequently all receive, still can't be correctly decoded the picture of publishing picture.Here it is why under the low bandwidth MPEG4 or H.264 the compression algorithm performance not as good as the reason of MJEPG.
For these reasons, the described Streaming Media signals collecting of present embodiment server 1 provides a kind of solution thinking: increase the probability that key frame occurs in the cataloged procedure, make decoder receive more key frame within a certain period of time, like this, even because the frame losing phenomenon appears in network problem, because decoder can be received next key frame in the shorter time interval, the broadcast of therefore can decoding immediately, thus solved the long-time problem of stagnating of picture.
With reference to Fig. 2, be the structure chart of described Streaming Media signals collecting server 1.Described Streaming Media signals collecting server 1 can comprise:
Signal acquisition module 11 is used for gathering the primary flow media signal in real time from the programme signal source;
Encoder 12 is used for described primary flow media signal coding is generated the live streaming media file, and offers the Communications service module, adjusts the probability that key frame occurs in the live streaming media file in real time according to the network bandwidth in the cataloged procedure;
Communications service module 13 is used for that the form that described live streaming media file splits into network transmission package is distributed to the Streaming Media signal and includes server.
In the present embodiment, described encoder 12 increases the probability that key frame occurs in the cataloged procedure by reducing the interval that key frame produces.In MPEG series encryption algorithm, use this value of GOP (GroupOf Picture) that the interval that the I frame produces is set usually.So-called GOP, the meaning is the picture group, a GOP is exactly one group of continuous picture.If the current network bandwidth is good, then encoder 12 can be provided with the GOP value according to common empirical value.But if current network bandwidth is crossed low or the network bandwidth is indeterminate and unstable, then encoder 12 can be adjusted to the value of GOP a less desired value, and is corresponding, and the interval that the I frame produces diminishes, and just can increase the probability that the I frame occurs in the cataloged procedure.For example, one group of frame of video comprises 15 frames, supposes that every 4 frames are I frames, then has 3 I frames; The interval of I frame is reduced to 2 frames, then has 5 I frames, the I frame has increased by 2 frames.Like this, if can produce a plurality of I frames 1 second, even lost an I frame once in a while, next I frame also can remedy very soon, and image is unlikely to long stagnation.
Preferably, in order further to guarantee the fluency that the user browses and the quality of video image, described streaming medium content transmission server 3 can also given the live streaming media file transfer in the process of network player, adjust the sending probability of key frame in the live streaming media file in real time, the I frame that sends in unit interval is increased, thereby satisfy the code requirement of separating of decoder as far as possible.
Preferably, described signal acquisition module 11 can be gathered multichannel primary flow media signal simultaneously at each programme signal source.Every road signal is the picture of a lens shooting, has promptly inserted the picture of a plurality of angle shots at same broadcast time.For example, in certain singer's the concert video, in the process that this singer is singing, having multiple cameras takes from a plurality of angles simultaneously, so just gathered multi-channel video signal, be transferred to encoder 12 simultaneously, encoder 12 is encoded to every road signal respectively.Network player receives several signals simultaneously, and the road signal of giving tacit consent to is broadcasted, and simultaneously all the other several signals is carried out buffer memory.When the user wishes to see the picture of other angle, can select the cutaway picture.
Preferably, described encoder 12 can be the multiplex coding device, to the concurrent startup multiplex coding in each programme signal source, and every road corresponding a kind of code check of encoding.Wherein, the data bits that the unit interval transmitted when code check was exactly transfer of data, code check also is code stream (Data Rate).Like this, same programme signal source just has various code rate to select for the user, and the user can select low code check under the less situation of network bandwidth resources, and selects high code check under the situation of bandwidth resources abundance, realize the switching of multi code Rate of Chinese character, thereby guarantee the fluency of video playback.And if multiple signals have been gathered in same programme signal source, then encoder 12 can be to all concurrent startup multi code Rate of Chinese character coding of every road signal.
Preferably, in order to reduce the number of times of reading and writing data, described Communications service module 13 is distributed to the Streaming Media signal with a plurality of network transmission package at every turn and includes server 2; And described streaming medium content transmission server 3 is included server 2 from the Streaming Media signal and is obtained the live streaming media file with the form of network transmission package, and once obtains a plurality of network transmission package.Transfer of data on the network reads the packet of 64K mostly at every turn according to traditional ICP/IP protocol at present.But present embodiment has defined the communication protocol of oneself, and this agreement is at every turn to storing data write all greater than 64K.Like this, can reduce the reading and writing data number of times, reduce the expense of whole system and network.
Preferably, described Streaming Media signals collecting server 1 can also comprise:
Automatically montage module 14, the picture frame that is used for live streaming media file that coding is generated carries out mark, selects picture frame to carry out montage automatically according to described mark then and handles, and the live streaming media file after montage is handled offers Communications service module 13 again.
In sum, described Streaming Media signals collecting server 1 has been realized a plurality of functions such as multi-picture signal collection, optimization coding, multi code Rate of Chinese character coding, montage automatically, the transmission of multidata bag.
In addition, preferred, described Streaming Media signal was included server 2 before live beginning, and a period of time (configurable during this period of time) is obtained the live streaming media file in real time from the programme signal source in advance, and purpose is to realize that time-delay is live.Be that the Streaming Media signal is included server 2 and shifted to an earlier date a bit of time and finish early stage and include, for the live time buffering of providing of fixing a point, to guarantee live carrying out smoothly.
In sum, above-mentioned network television direct broadcasting system based on stream media technology is compared with traditional live broadcast system, has following advantage:
1, in live process, streaming media server end buffer memory live data, therefore can from buffer memory, reading of data carry out unlimited direct playing and playback for a long time, the user just can repeatedly repeat to watch important content in real time, and can not miss the fragment of any excellence, and prior art is not supported the direct playing and playback function.
2, be to adopt the stream microtomy to carry out buffer memory, promptly each key frame of live streaming media file is set up index, just can directly begin played data according to index from the key frame position, realized the accurate location of streaming media playing, the user does not need to take time and waits for the transmission and the broadcast of previous contents, just can be directly from video arbitrary time point begin playback and watch.
The processing of 3, convection current media compression coding is optimized, the network bandwidth cross low or the indeterminate and unsettled situation of the network bandwidth under, by in cataloged procedure, increasing the probability that key frame occurs in the live streaming media file, solve the slack problem of image frame.And, can also be at the sending probability that in the process of network player transport stream media data, increases key frame, also can guarantee the fluency that the user browses and the quality of video image.
4, can be to the concurrent startup multiplex coding in each programme signal source, the corresponding a kind of code check in wherein every road.Like this, same video just has various code rate to select for the user, and the user can select low code check under the less situation of network bandwidth resources, and selects high code check under the situation of bandwidth resources abundance, realize the switching of multi code Rate of Chinese character, thereby guarantee the fluency of video playback.
5, provide multiple signals at same programme signal source, every road signal is the picture of a lens shooting, selects wherein one road signal broadcast during broadcast, and all the other several signals are carried out buffer memory.Network video player provides the picture handoff functionality, and the user can carry out picture according to the needs of oneself and switch, thereby watches a plurality of pictures of different shooting angles at one time, has satisfied the different demands of different user to video playback.
6, when network player sends the stream medium data of Network Transmission packet form, the ICP/IP protocol that can break traditions reads the regulation of 64K packet at every turn, once read and transmit a plurality of bags, promptly read at every turn with data quantity transmitted greater than 64K, thereby reduce the reading and writing data number of times, reduce the expense of whole system and network.
7, by the picture frame behind the coding is carried out mark, can in the video clipping process, carry out automatic montage, not need to operate manually montage according to described mark.Therefore, realize the automation of video clipping, improved operating efficiency greatly, also alleviated montage personnel's work load.
Based on above-mentioned network television direct broadcasting system, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of IPTV method.
With reference to Fig. 3, be the flow chart of the described a kind of IPTV method of the embodiment of the invention.
To adopt stream media technology to carry out certain football race on-the-spot circumstance live is example, and on-the-spot No. four video cameras are gathered the picture image of the on-the-spot diverse location of race respectively from four seats in the plane.
Each live several steps such as live preparation, on-site supervision, later stage are included, program warehouse-in that are divided into:
Preparatory stage is carried out the site environment prospecting, does the preparation of signal source, network insertion, the design of live link, and test is uploaded in the customization of player and live collection, makes live trailer.
Whether play trailer before the on-the-spot broadcasting beginning, treat that live signal is ready to, the trailer signal is switched to live signal, begin the lasting effect monitoring simultaneously, it is normal to observe live delay, and whether signal source coding effect can continually and steadily and guarantee image quality; Lively can also carry out video clipping in real time at that time, the recommendation of wonderful was provided to the user; Live end switchback trailer signal.
Because the time shift characteristic of live broadcast system, the later stage includes and can carry out after live end, selects the random time section to include, and video directly can be uploaded to VOD system or foradownloaded video fragment to non-volume work station and use as material.
Can edit it after program is included and finished, the typing matchmaker supports management system behind the arrangement metadata information, can be published to VOD system afterwards and offer the Internet user and watch.
Each embodiment in this specification all adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, and what each embodiment stressed all is and the difference of other embodiment that identical similar part is mutually referring to getting final product between each embodiment.
More than to a kind of network television direct broadcasting system provided by the present invention, be described in detail, used specific case herein principle of the present invention and execution mode are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; Simultaneously, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, the part that all can change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a network television direct broadcasting system is characterized in that, comprising:
Streaming Media signals collecting server is used for gathering the primary flow media signal in real time from the programme signal source, and coding generates the live streaming media file;
The Streaming Media signal is included server, is used for obtaining the live streaming media file in real time from the programme signal source, and flows the section buffer memory; Described stream section buffer memory is that each key frame of live streaming media file is set up index;
The streaming medium content transmission server is used for including server from the Streaming Media signal and obtains the live streaming media file, and real-time Transmission is play to network player.
2. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described Streaming Media signals collecting server comprises:
Signal acquisition module is used for gathering the primary flow media signal in real time from the programme signal source;
Encoder is used for described primary flow media signal coding is generated the live streaming media file, and offers the Communications service module, adjusts the probability that key frame occurs in the live streaming media file in real time according to the network bandwidth in the cataloged procedure;
The Communications service module is used for that the form that described live streaming media file splits into network transmission package is distributed to the Streaming Media signal and includes server.
3. system according to claim 2 is characterized in that:
Described signal acquisition module is gathered multichannel primary flow media signal simultaneously at each programme signal source.
4. according to claim 2 or 3 described systems, it is characterized in that:
Described encoder is the multiplex coding device, is used for to the concurrent startup multiplex coding in each programme signal source every road corresponding a kind of code check of encoding.
5. system according to claim 2 is characterized in that:
Described Communications service module is distributed to the Streaming Media signal with a plurality of network transmission package at every turn and includes server.
6. system according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described Streaming Media signals collecting server also comprises:
Automatically montage module, the picture frame that is used for live streaming media file that coding is generated carries out mark, selects picture frame to carry out montage automatically according to described mark then and handles, and the live streaming media file after montage is handled offers the Communications service module again.
7. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described streaming medium content transmission server also is used for according to the direct playing and playback request, includes the live streaming media file that server obtains buffer memory from the Streaming Media signal, and begins to obtain according to the key frame position of described index from the time point correspondence of request.
8. system according to claim 7 is characterized in that:
Described streaming medium content transmission server is included server from the Streaming Media signal and is obtained the live streaming media file with the form of network transmission package, and once obtains a plurality of network transmission package.
9. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described streaming medium content transmission server is adjusted the sending probability of key frame in the live streaming media file in real time in transmission course.
10. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described Streaming Media signal was included server before live beginning, and a period of time is obtained the live streaming media file in real time from the programme signal source in advance.
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