CN101915467A - Method for designing main equipment configuration of solar water heating project suitable for tropical zone - Google Patents
Method for designing main equipment configuration of solar water heating project suitable for tropical zone Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for designing the main equipment configuration of a solar water heating project suitable for a tropical zone. In the method, a formula for calculating a heating gross area provided by a technical code for the application of the conventional national construction solar heating system is regulated, improved and innovated; a definiteness calculating method is improved into a random variable calculating method; and new methods for calculating a heater area and the capacity and configuration proportion of a water storage tank and an auxiliary heating device are respectively provided to realize the optimal rational matching of three pieces of main equipment of the solar heating project and achieve the win-win effects of saving both initial investment and operational energy consumption. Verified by examples, and compared with a scheme provided by a developer, a scheme for the capacity and configuration proportion of the three pieces of main equipment designed by the method can save investment by 20 percent at seaport and over 40 percent at Sanya and Xisha, and has the operational energy consumption which is only 1/3 that of other design schemes as the capacity of energy-consuming auxiliary equipment is reduced and over-produced hot water is fully utilized by preliminary estimation.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the design new method of a kind of torrid areas solar heating engineering main equipment configuration, it is that the calculating thermal-arrest gross area formula that existing country building solar water heating system application technology standard provides is carried out creating on the basis of significant improvement, the one, be adjusted into the expression formula of calculating heat collector production hot water amount with calculating the gross collector area expression formula, the 2nd, the meteorological data (amount of radiation in the formula, environment temperature) by certainty one dimension variable displacement, change to the two-dimensional random variable displacement that changes day by day, the 3rd, the average daily water consumption of user (design hot water load) separate from formula, becomes and heat collector aquifer yield a reference value relatively.By repeatedly cluster analysis, proposed to calculate the new method of heat collector area, water storage tank capacity, auxiliary firing equipment capacity and calculating energy consumption, realize that three big main equipments meet the best matching scheme rationally that solar radiation is produced hot water internal characteristics and rule, reach and not only economize initial investment but also economize the doulbe-sides' victory benefit of runing energy consumption.
Background technology:
Solar heating engineering is to be made of heat collector, water storage tank, assisted heating device and transmission hot water thereof and control operational system.At present in solar heating engineering, what the matching process of design heat collector, water storage tank and assisted heating device capacity generally adopted has three kinds, the one, after day, the hot water load was known, determine according to gross collector area formula measuring and calculating in the national GB50364-2005 standard, the 2nd, one or one group vacuum tube aquifer yield of fine day that provides according to manufacturer or developer (under the environment temperature of setting and average day irradiation, carrying out), by known day hot water load, carry out gross area configuration, the 3rd, adopt softwares such as external F-Chartt, the input multivariable is determined.But these methods all are to adopt average day solar irradiation amount.The input of variate-values such as average ambient temperature can be referred to as mean value method.This mean value method can only accurately be calculated the product water number of a point, constantly change random law and can not simulate the heat collector aquifer yield with amount of radiation, measuring and calculating heat collector area result can only be an approximation, and the product water number of a point more can not quantize water storage tank and auxiliary firing equipment capacity.So in engineering, water storage tank and auxiliary firing equipment capacity normally are configured according to heat collector design hot water load, promptly the three perhaps is called the dual intensity source configuration with capacity by 1: 1: 1 proportional arrangement.The solar water unit of this configuration is used in the Hainan that is located in the torrid zone, there is following problem: the one, do not embody that Hainan latitude is low, sun altitude is high, solar irradiation intensity is big and Heat stability is good, tropical meteorological characteristics such as temperature height, water temperature height, ground temperature height and annual range of temperature is little, do not have in freezing winter and in sultry summer, natural big greenhouse, the general modfel on ground caused three phenomenons that the main equipment design capacity is bigger than normal in engineering design was indiscriminately imitated; The 2nd, engineering assembly coupling is unreasonable, and three main parts have only heat collector to calculate by the formula of national regulation and determine, water storage tank and auxiliary firing equipment capacity then equation-less calculate definite, embody not sunny radiation in heating miscellaneous function role; The 3rd, a new approach of promptly economizing again the solar water utilization of investment-saving ought to be walked out in Hainan, but things turn out contrary to one's wishes, not only initial investment is higher than interior ground, and energy-saving effect is also undesirable, because in Hainan in natural big greenhouse, bathing hot water, not that people are necessary, but make something perfect even more perfect, if one-time investment is big or use charge bigger than normal, the capital hinders it applies, and therefore has government's heat, cold spread and application state among the people.In a word, solar energy is typical meteorological product, does not but embody the meteorological characteristic in the torrid zone, Hainan.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention is just for addressing these problems, start with from the meteorological resource data of system research, on the basis of the calculating thermal-arrest gross area formula that existing country's building solar water heating system application technology standard (GB-50364-2005) provides, through adjusting, improve and innovation, set up meet that solar radiation heats the inherent characteristics of water and rule find the solution stochastic variable-heat collector aquifer yield formula, by cluster analysis, and then the subitem of having set up calculates heat collector area, the computing formula of water storage tank and auxiliary firing equipment capacity, the investment-saving and the novel energy-saving method of a kind of suitable torrid areas solar heating engineering of developing for appropriate design three big main equipment capacity and allocation ratio thereof.
One, the torrid zone, Hainan Meteorological Characteristics
Hainan is the unique torrid zone province of China, it also is maximum natural greenhouse, the territory maximum, compare with other province, city and region, geographic latitude is minimum, sun altitude is the highest, crosses zenith twice, and solar irradiation intensity is big, good stability, ambient air temperature height (water temperature height, ground temperature height), be most appropriate to the large tracts of land popularization and popularize the solar heating engineering system, as shown in table 1:
Table 1 Hainan solar energy resources feature
Table 1 can clearly find out, Hainan these and the closely-related meteorological resource of solar thermal utilization are for most economical, reasonable use solar energy provides direction and foundation.
Two, collect arrangement year meteorological day by day resource base data
Measured data day by day with the total solar radiation on the Haikou in the unique open meteorological day by day radiation data handbook of announcing of calendar year 2001 China in National Climate center and the National Meteorological Bureau's online meteorological consulting storehouse data, Sanya, three ground, Xisha and the temperature on average mean value of the lowest temperature (day the highest and) is a material, carry out system finishing and analysis, worked out the global radiation day by day as shown in table 2 and the actual measurement base data table of temperature day by day:
Table 2 calendar year 2001 Haikou, Sanya, three ground, Xisha are global radiation and environment temperature statistical form day by day day by day
Table 2 has disclosed the following Meteorological Characteristics of torrid areas: the first, take temperature from solar radiation, the total radiation on three ground increases and increases with sun altitude, the also corresponding raising of temperature on average, along with the passing of tropical area by north orientation south, not only amount of radiation increases, and annual distribute also relatively more balanced, good stability, round the clock with season difference variation also little; The second, from the radiation profiles on solar day, the meteorological watch station on three ground.Almost can both measure radiant energy everyday, influence because of being subjected to atmospheric circulation, just what, the four seasons are like this, are subjected to that overcast and rainy to influence less Haikou be 2 days in radiationless day, and Sanya and Xisha only have 1 day.You Yi meteorological resource has been created condition for fullest utilizes solar energy to produce hot water like this; Three, two improved clues in engineering design, are provided, the one, adopt year method of daily mean measuring and calculating heat collector area in the existing solar heating engineering, can only represent the required area of a radiant, therefore, after calculating heat collector area with mean value method, also need to proofread and correct and adjust, avoid occurring heat collector area situation bigger than normal with the method for radiation and temperature value day by day; The 2nd, after heat collector area was determined, heat collector institute heat production water changed with the variation of amount of radiation and environment temperature day by day, also is a stochastic variable.The method of finding the solution stochastic variable with find the solution determined value method be different.
Three, the invention main points of this method
(1) adjusts, replenishes and improves the formula that country builds the calculating thermal-arrest gross area that solar water heating system application technology standard (GB-50364-2005) provides
The formula that calculates thermal-arrest mouthpart area in the standard is:
A
c＝Q
wC
w(t
end-t
i)f/J
Tη
cd(1-η
L)………………………………(1)
A in the formula
c-gross collector area m
2, Q
w---average daily water consumption T, C
pThe specific heat at constant pressure MJ/ of-water (T ℃), t
EndThe design temperature of water ℃ in the-water storage tank, t
iThe initial temperature of-water ℃, f-solar energy fraction %,
J
TAnnual day solar irradiation amount MJ/m on the-local heat collector daylighting face
2, η
CdThe annual collecting efficiency of-heat collector, η
L---the heat loss rate of water storage tank and pipeline.
In engineering design, f, η
Cd, η
LBe the experience value in the certain amplitude scope, C
pBe 4.187 constant, J
T, t
iBeing the annual earning in a day of locality, also is determined value, and after above-mentioned input quantity was determined, gross collector area was calculated and then is reduced to by Q
wWith t
EndAnd fixed dependent variable.But the principle that heats from radiation, the average daily water consumption of heat collector aquifer yield and user is the amount of two different definition, average daily water consumption is meant that solar heating engineering is necessary for the daily water consumption that the user provides, it is the desired value of engineering, be called the design hot water load again, this method is called a reference value, is a determined value.Heat collector aquifer yield (hereinafter to be referred as aquifer yield) then is the stochastic variable that changes with radiation and temperature Change, is a uncertain amount, uses Q
xExpression.Q
xWith Q
wCan present three kinds of states, the one, Q
x=Q
wState, this is the state of modular formula requirement; The 2nd, Q
x＜Q
wState, aquifer yield does not reach the design burden requirement, will add the water yield with auxiliary firing equipment; The 3rd, Q
x＞Q
wState, will be with the many storages of the water storage tank water yields of overfulfiling a production target.In engineering operation, the probability of three kinds of state appearance is Q
x＞Q
wAnd Q
x＜Q
wBe far longer than Q
x=Q
w, we can say Q
x=Q
wBe that radiation heats the special case in the water process.Therefore needs employing this method is adjusted, is replenished the current specifications formula and be perfect.Main points are:
The first, with the Q in (1) formula
wBe adjusted into Q
x, and Q
wAnalyze a reference value of comparison and classification as all results of measuring of this method.
The second, the heat collector aquifer yield is adjusted into the output item, and gross collector area is adjusted into input item, expression formula is:
Q
x＝A
c?J
Tη
cd(1-η
L)/(t
end-t
i)C
p?f………………………………(2)
This is an expression formula of finding the solution water yield per day, Q
xFor the water yield per day of heat collector, at η
Cd, η
L, C
p, after the f experience value, Q
xWith A
c, J
T, t
End, t
iThe difference of value and changing.The essence of the existing formula of this method adjustment is exactly to work as A
c, J
T, t
End, t
iDuring change, by heat collector aquifer yield Q at random
xWith engineering design hot water load Q
wInteraction relatively in, heat collector, water storage tank and auxiliary firing equipment are connected to an organic system, on engineering, realize three's optimum Match.
Three, for embodying the randomness characteristics of meteorological resource, with annual day amount of radiation (J
T) and annual daily temperature t
iValue is adjusted into day by day amount of radiation and temperature day by day, promptly by the determined value input, is adjusted into two groups of 365 days stochastic variables inputs.Input item is a stochastic variable, and then Shu Chu aquifer yield also is one group of stochastic variable, and expression formula is:
∑Q
x＝∑A
c?J
Tη
cd(1-η
L)/(t
end-t
i)C
pf＝A
cη
cd(1-η
L)/C
pf∑J
T/(t
end-t
i)
If experience value η
Cd(1-η
L)/C
pF=K, then ∑ Q
x=KA
c∑ J
T/ (t
End-t
i) ... (3)
(3) formula is the basic operation formula of this method, and it has embodied inward nature's feature and objective law that the heat collector aquifer yield changes with meteorological change in resources.
Four, be a reference value with the design hot water load, adopt clustering methodology, ∑ Q
xCarrying out the similitude statistic of classification analyzes, solve the not enough district of aquifer yield, reach producing region and the accumulated water volume and the per day water yield thereof of overfulfiling a production target and distinguishing, for the quantitative design of heat collector area, water storage tank and auxiliary firing equipment capacity provides foundation, on engineering, the design of three big main equipment capacity and allocation ratio is more become rationally, reach the doulbe-sides' victory benefit of initial investment that reduces solar heating engineering and the further reduction of runing energy consumption.
Five, corrected the mistake of modular formula.Can find out J in denominator term from formula (1)
TCan not be 0, in case occur 0, formula does not just have to be separated, and in meteorological radiation observation, 0 radiation usually occurs.And in (2) that this method proposes, (3) formula, with J
T, ∑ J
TBe adjusted into the branch subitem, just can not have or not the situation of separating to occur, radiationless, just there is not the hot water output, make the computing of formula more meet reasoning from logic.
(2) work out heat collector aquifer yield operation table day by day
By the requirement of calculating aquifer yield formula (3), as platform (or design specialized software), the used heat collector in establishment Haikou, Sanya, Xisha is the aquifer yield operation table day by day, and is stored among the Excel, now lists the used heat collector in Sanya aquifer yield (Q day by day with Excel
x) calculated data it is described, as shown in table 3:
Table 3 three subregion heat collector aquifer yield inputoutput data operation tables
(3) use clustering methodology, for heat collector, water storage tank and auxiliary firing equipment capacity and matching ratio provide new engineering design algorithm
The hot water load is a benchmark with design, disintegrating method in the application cluster analysis and the ∑ Q in the stratification his-and-hers watches 3
xCarry out statistic of classification, create and find the solution the computing formula of heat collector area, water storage tank and auxiliary firing equipment capacity, or claim the engineering design parameter new algorithm of solar heating engineering three big main parts.
The specific embodiment
For concrete embodiment is described, design 55 ℃, 80 tons hot water loads of daily output datum quantity as a comparison with Haikou, Sanya, Xisha three ground users.
One, proofreaies and correct and adjusts the gross collector area of determining with mean value method
Step is: 1. meteorological basic data in listed three ground of input table 2 and the determined gross collector area data of dissimilar method solve aquifer yield day by day, accumulative total aquifer yield and the average daily production of heat collector aquifer yield in table 3, in the Excel platform;
2. distinct methods is calculated the water yield per day of heat collector area, by the area sort out, comparison and analysis, the results are shown in table 4:
The comparison of the dissimilar definite heat collector area methods in table 4 three ground
As known from Table 4, calculate heat collector area with this method, more accurate than modular formula measuring and calculating area, because amount of radiation and temperature day by day are than the input of the annual earning in a day day by day, more meet the heat collector aquifer yield characteristic that changes of meteorological data at random.The heat collector area of Que Dinging can reach design hot water load's requirement like this, can reduce gross collector area again, and then reduces cost of investment.Therefore, all gross collector areas of determining with mean value when using this method, all must use day by day meteorological data to carry out the correction and the adjustment of heat collector area.Expression formula is: Q
x=∑ Q
x/ 365 ≌ Q
w. (4)
Heat collector area when the mean value adjustment that this formula is expressed as heat collector accumulative total aquifer yield is approximately equal to the design hot water load is as the foundation of apolegamy heat collector.
3. implement checking.Now the method with the three kinds of different gross collector areas of measuring and calculating in Haikou is an example, all use day by day amount of radiation and the input of temperature day by day table 3, calculate aquifer yield day by day, monthly clustering order, again by add the hot water amount and reach product, the hot water amount that overfulfils a production target carries out statistical comparison, the results are shown in table 5:
Table 5 distinct methods is decided the heat collector aquifer yield and is carried out cluster analysis result (Haikou) unit monthly: ton
Can further find out from table 5, adopt this method computing formula, not only can reduce heat collector area, reduce investment, and the reasonable use water of overfulfiling a production target more, improve the degree of utilizing of the water of overfulfiling a production target, too much the overfulfil a production target processing of water also is a headache headache problem on engineering, and discharging unfortunately, improve the temperature storage, cause the unstable and generation incrustation scale of water temperature.
Two, the capacity of measuring and calculating water storage tank and auxiliary firing equipment
Step is: 1. with the radiation day by day on three ground, temperature, heat collector area and other fixed value input table 3, the aquifer yield of output is by the output clustering order, and is the benchmark zoning with the design hot water load,, the results are shown in table 6:
Table 6 three ground heat collectors are pressed aquifer yield clustering order analysis result comparative unit: ton
2. with the aquifer yield day by day of table 6 by＜=design hot water load's subregion statistical computation the results are summarized in table 7:
Table 7 is pressed output ordering subregion cluster result summary sheet unit: ton
3. set up mathematic(al) mode.With table 6 day by day aquifer yield carry out regression analysis, then they are the high and approaching systems of linear equations of one group of coefficient correlation, its expression formula is respectively:
Q
The x Haikou=0.4523d-2.45 R
2=0.9912 ... (5)
Q
The x Sanya=0.2945d+26.835 R
2=0.9631 ... (6)
Q
The x Xisha=0.2663d+31.399 R
2=0.9674 ... (7)
Q in the formula
xBe the heat collector heat production water yield, d is the day preface by the aquifer yield ordering.
When default system meteorology resource data, use this equation group, the regularity of distribution that calculates above-mentioned heat collector product water that also can be similar to is worked out out tables of data and summary sheet that clustering order is analyzed.
4. variation characteristics that fall dusk towards rising, go round and begin again with life according to the sun and earth relative motion, solar radiation, with table 6 provide by output clustering order partition data, monthly carry out clustering order more respectively, statistics is produced the not enough month of water and the water yield of overfulfiling a production target moon in water part, gather tabulation, just can carry out three ground designs hot water load and be the water storage tank required in 80 tons the solar heating engineering and the concrete calculating of auxiliary firing equipment capacity, as shown in table 8:
Table 8 adopts the tabulating method unit of clustering methodology measuring and calculating water storage tank and auxiliary firing equipment capacity: ton
5. according to the listed data of table 8, it is available to have three kinds of modes to calculate the method for water storage tank and auxiliary firing equipment capacity:
Method one, mean value method.With overfulfil a production target the whole year hot water with need add the hot water total amount respectively divided by overfulfil a production target the hot water fate with add the hot water fate, just can solve the capacity that need store the water of overfulfiling a production target every day and the quantity that need add hot water, determine that thus the capacity expression formula of water storage tank and auxiliary firing equipment is:
The required water storage tank day capacity Q of hot water overfulfils a production target
Yc=∑ Q
y/ ∑ d
c………………(8)
Add the required auxiliary equipment day capacity Q of hot water
Xb=∑ Q
s/ ∑ d
b. ... (9)
Method two, ideal value method.With super design load aquifer yield-add hot water amount's difference Q
zAs the scale of ideal value method,
Q is-Q
zExpression aquifer yield not mature deduction can utilize the water yield that actual needs is added behind the water of overfulfiling a production target this month, Q
zFor+Q
zThen be illustrated in actual the overfulfil a production target water of moon in water deduction behind the not enough day required water of overfulfiling a production target of monthly output water of overfulfiling a production target ,+Q
zWith-Q
zAdd up respectively, then divided by the accumulative total fate of separately overfulfil a production target accumulative total fate and separately aquifer yield deficiency, actual exactly required water storage tank day of the water of overfulfiling a production target capacity and the actual capacity of required auxiliary equipment day of water of adding, expression formula is:
Actual capacity Q of required water storage tank day of the water of overfulfiling a production target
ZY=(∑ Q
y-∑ Q
s)/∑ d
Cy=∑ Q
z/ ∑ d
Cy(10)
The actual capacity Q of required auxiliary equipment day of water that adds
Zs=-(∑ Q
y-∑ Q
s)/∑ d
Bs=-∑ Q
z/ ∑ d
Bs(11)
∑ d
CyBe Q
zBe timing, add up to occur overfulfiling a production target the water fate; ∑ d
BsBe Q
zWhen negative, hydropenic fate appears producing in accumulative total
Method three, maximum month method.Minimax month, method claimed the security insurance coefficient maximum method again.The biggest moon of the hot water amount that overfulfils a production target is calculated with the aquifer yield of adding the biggest moon of hot water amount.Expression formula is:
The day water yield Q that overfulfils a production target in maximum months of water overfulfils a production target the whole year
y=Q
y/ d
c(12)
Add the day in maximum months of hot water the whole year and add water yield Q
s=Q
s/ d
b(13)
Calculate the table 9 that the results are shown in of required water storage tank in three ground and auxiliary firing equipment capacity according to above-mentioned three methods
The comparative unit as a result of three method measuring and calculating water storage tanks of table 9 and auxiliary firing equipment capacity: ton
6. according to heat collector, water storage tank, auxiliary firing equipment configuration capacity and the ratio of the solar heating engineering of 80 tons of table 9 consequence devised marine outfalls, Sanya, three the torrid areas water storage in Xisha temperature, 55 ℃, day hot water loads, and select the unit type specification by measure, as shown in table 10:
The configuration capacity and the ratio of 80 tons of hot water solar hot water engineering engineering main parts of table 10 torrid areas daily output
Above-mentioned three kinds of equipment configuration methods are compared with former method, can not only farthest save conventional energy resource, and save initial investment.Because three kind equipments, water storage tank is the most cheap, can make on the spot, and Hainan environment temperature height need not the protection against cold and freezing conditions measure, also can simplify heat-insulation layer, and cost also can further reduce.How to select allocation ratio, decide on user's water situation.As water unit rambunctious,, can select value method configuration in maximum month as student's water; The configuration of ideal value method then can be selected in the residential quarter that water is more stable, economizes an investment resident always is beneficial to.
7. implement checking.Three kinds of method results of measuring all are that cluster is that month aquifer yield is carried out, and also need to proofread and correct and adjust with the aquifer yield day by day of producing minimum month of water with producing maximum month of water in engineering design, and are as shown in table 11:
Day by day the aquifer yield statistical form unit in maximum aquifer yields of table 11 heat collector and minimum aquifer yield month: ton
Table 10 and table 11 data are compared, and the allocation ratio of heat collector, water storage tank and auxiliary firing equipment that table 10 proposes is feasible in engineering operation.Reason is:
The first, in minimum month of heat production water, Hainan has only 1 day radiationless hot water output, it is 1 day hot water supply problem, multiple solution can be arranged, as starting auxiliary equipment storage hot water in advance, the unlatching auxiliary equipment heat supply of peak load also can be reduced to 45 ℃ (are feasible in Hainan) with the design hot water temperature, even multi-scheme uses simultaneously, guarantees 1 day hot water supply of user.In view of the above, the allocation plan of the minimizing auxiliary equipment that this method provides can be guaranteed the most boisterous heat supply problem.
The second, storing the water effect of overfulfiling a production target has three, one, guarantees the stable of supply water temperature, and the 2nd, improve water supply capacity, satisfy sudden water needs, the 3rd, replenishing not enough day hot water of radiation aquifer yield needs, and reduces the start-up time of auxiliary equipment, saves conventional energy resource.But increase the cistern capacity, invest corresponding increase, therefore should not adopt the peak design, and adopt the mean value design more appropriate, it can realize three effects of water storage tank equally.
The above-described specific embodiment adopts case to drill and translates, in fact can be according to user's needs, that cuts the garment according to the figure carries out design configurations, as being configured or other specific (special) requirements etc. by the different set temperature of water storage tank (60 ℃, 50 ℃, 45 ℃ etc.) configuration or by different designs load (10 tons, 50 tons, 100 tons etc.) or by the heat collector area of actual capabilities installation, can both be by measuring and calculating, the capacity of three main equipments of quantitative configuration, the doulbe-sides' victory effect of realization investment-saving, province's energy.
8. when the system gas image data is default, can adopt following math equation group to calculate:
Calculate the water yield equation group of overfulfiling a production target by the moon:
Q
The y Haikou=0.0678m
6-2.6642m
5+ 42.59m
4-353.81m
3+ 1523.4m
2-2680.1m+1521 R
2=0.9619
Q
The y Sanya=0.1m
6-4.0375m
5+ 63.925m
4-449.42m
3+ 11940m
2-3130.4m+1652 R
2=0.8992
Q
The y Xisha=0.0647m
6-2.6455m
5+ 42.63m
4-354.84m
3+ 399.3m
2-2346.6m+1262.1 R
2=0.9003.
Calculate the moon and add hot water thermal water yield equation group:
Q
The s Haikou=-0.01m
6-0.0017m
5+ 6.225m
4-93.605m
3+ 495m
2-750.96m-879.24 R
2=0.9805
Q
The s Xisha=0.07028m
6-2.7326m
5+ 40.464m
4-283.74m
3+ 936.68m
2-1177.6.1m+74.848 R
2=0.8812
M is month in the formula.Use two equation group, what also can be similar to calculates overfulfil a production target hot water amount and start the monthly output regularity of distribution that auxiliary equipment is added the hot water amount of heat collector, adopts clustering methodology, calculates the capacity and the proportioning thereof of required heat collector, water storage tank, auxiliary firing equipment.
Case study on implementation:
One, credibility
1, image data is credible.Day by day the calendar year 2001s three eradiation observations announced from the National Climate center of radiation data collection, the temperature day by day that provides from National Meteorological Bureau website data consulting storehouse of temperature collection surveys and draws that arrangement comes out day by day.
2, representative credible.Calendar year 2001 Haikou day radiation mean value a little less than long-time average annual value, but is higher than minimum; Sanya and long-time average annual value maintain an equal level, and the Xisha does not have country or economizes the publish data contrast.Be feasible on the engineering, certain representativeness is arranged, can embody the Meteorological Characteristics in Hainan as design parameter.As shown in table 12:
The different departments of table 12 listed Hainan solar energy meteorologic parameter comparison sheet
Certainly, the time that meteorological radiation data provides increases, and then the confidence level of this method can be higher, and the solar radiation resource still is in meteorological department's control, though have only the calendar year 2001 radiation data, but do not influence the practicality and the credibility of this method.。
Two, reliability
1, existing engineering verification.
In 10 construction quality secrets of success that solar energy factory of the shady Tsing-Hua University of Jinan, Shandong Chinese scholartree proposes, have 6 relevant with water storage tank, in second, propose: " will take pains and design the water tank that volume is bigger.If you can allow your water tank greatly estimate the hot water amount that will consume in a day to admitting this hotel, also admit normal fine weather next day hot water amount by sun the subject of knowledge and the object of knowledge output, that has occurred with regard to worrying to have the crisis of cutting off the water supply midway never.We are every square metre of water tank capacities of adopting 200 liters of the long-pending configurations of hot side when doing engineering basically, and the proportioning that rises than every square metre of 60-70 of general company exceeds nearly twice, though cost improves, has supplied hot water always masterly.Be reluctant to cost and do large water tank, be tantamount to allowing the too many energy of not spending him from slipping away in vain on hand, stingy is not in the right place really ".This viewpoint relatively meets the too much characteristics of Hainan long summer solar radiation quantity.The just qualitative proposition from engineering experience of these enterprises, we propose as calculated according to clustering methodology.
2, this method proposes in the conceptual design of a plurality of solar heating engineerings in Haikou, configuration as shown in table 13:
Allocation ratio relatively in the several solar heating engineering conceptual designs in area, table 13 Haikou
Recommending auxiliary equipment to select heat pump for use, mainly is the thermal efficiency height of heat pump, is more than 4 times of other auxiliary equipment, though initial investment is more bigger, running cost is cheap, economizes energy most, with the solar energy coupling, is optimal green energy resource product.
Three, operability
This method provides for solar energy design department and solar energy development merchant.Use for convenient, we will design polytype allocation plan, as long as accomplish subscriber data, just can provide allocation plan, realize that operation is simple.
Four, enforcement advantage
The advantage that this method is implemented mainly is that the auxiliary equipment capacity reduces, and carries with the control system configuration amount and also can reduce, and engineering cost descends.It is estimated that with the scheme ratio of existing developer's configuration, investment can be saved more than 20% in the Haikou.Sanya, Xisha can be saved more than 40%.The memory by using of the auxiliary firing equipment minimizing and the water of overfulfiling a production target, energy consumption is also corresponding to lower.See relatively that according to same engineering energy consumption measuring and calculating the energy consumption of this method measuring and calculating only is equivalent to 1/3 (the seeing Table 13) that the developer calculates energy consumption.
Claims (2)
1. calculate the sum formula that the heat collector aquifer yield changes with meteorological resource data, expression formula is:
∑Q
x＝∑A
c?J
Tη
cd(1-η
L)/(t
end-t
i)C
p?f＝A
cη
cd(1-η
L)/C
p?f∑J
T/(t
end-t
i)
If experience value η
Cd(1-η L)/C
pF=K, then ∑ Q
x=KA
c∑ J
T/ (tend-ti)
(this formula is the basic operation formula of this method, and it has embodied the heat collector aquifer yield with inward nature's feature and objective law that meteorological change in resources changes, is the basis of design heat collector area, water storage tank, auxiliary firing equipment capacity.
2. calculate the formula of heat collector area, water storage tank and auxiliary firing equipment capacity, expression formula is:
Q
x＝∑Q
x/365≌Q
w
This formula is expressed as the mean value Q of heat collector accumulative total aquifer yield
xAdjust approximate or equal to design hot water load Q
wThe time heat collector area as the apolegamy heat collector foundation.It can not only reach the minimum heat collector area that the design hot water load requires, and reduces engineering cost, and can improve the utilization rate of the water of overfulfiling a production target.
Capacity Q of required water storage tank day of the hot water of overfulfiling a production target
Yc=∑ Q
y/ ∑ d
c
Add the required auxiliary firing equipment day capacity Q of hot water
Xb=∑ Q
s/ ∑ d
b.
Above-mentioned two formulas are when adopting mean value method, to add the required auxiliary firing equipment day capacity Q of hot water
XbWith the required water storage tank of the hot water day capacity Q that overfulfils a production target
YcCalculating formula.
Actual capacity Q of required water storage tank day of the hot water of overfulfiling a production target
Zy=(∑ Q
y-∑ Q
s)/∑ d
Cy=∑ Q
z/ ∑ d
Cy
The actual required auxiliary firing equipment day capacity Q of hot water that adds
Zs=-(∑ Q
y-∑ Q
s)/∑ d
Bs=-∑ Q
z/ ∑ d
Bs
Above-mentioned two formulas are when adopting the ideal value method, the actual required auxiliary firing equipment day capacity Q of hot water that adds after system's utilization is overfulfiled a production target
ZsWith the actual required water storage tank of the hot water day capacity Q that overfulfils a production target
ZyCalculating formula.
The day water yield Q that overfulfils a production target in maximum months of water overfulfils a production target the whole year
y=Q
y/ d
Add the day in maximum months of hot water the whole year and add water yield Q
s=Q
s/ d
b
When above-mentioned two formulas were worth method in the biggest month for adopting, add the day in maximum months of hot water the whole year and add water yield Q
sWith the water yield Q that overfulfils a production target the day in overfulfil a production target the whole year in maximum months of water
yCalculating formula.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102305430A (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2012-01-04 | 海南师范大学 | Novel solar water heating system suitable for use in tropical area |
| CN110096842A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-08-06 | 湖南省农村科技发展中心 | A kind of design parameter formula of reasonable disposition solar heating engineering main equipment |
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| WO2009044622A1 (en) * | 2007-10-01 | 2009-04-09 | Mitaka Kohki Co., Ltd. | Solar heat utilization system |
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| GR1003062B (en) * | 1997-05-12 | 1999-02-04 | Special vertical solar gayser (compact) | |
| WO2009044622A1 (en) * | 2007-10-01 | 2009-04-09 | Mitaka Kohki Co., Ltd. | Solar heat utilization system |
| KR20100066745A (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2010-06-18 | 김태웅 | Energy supplying system of building vsing new renewable energy |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102305430A (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2012-01-04 | 海南师范大学 | Novel solar water heating system suitable for use in tropical area |
| WO2013040731A1 (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2013-03-28 | 海南师范大学 | Solar water heating system for tropical region |
| CN110096842A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-08-06 | 湖南省农村科技发展中心 | A kind of design parameter formula of reasonable disposition solar heating engineering main equipment |
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