CN101912837A - Spraying method of crucible used for ingot casting of photovoltaic cell - Google Patents

Spraying method of crucible used for ingot casting of photovoltaic cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101912837A
CN101912837A CN 201010280339 CN201010280339A CN101912837A CN 101912837 A CN101912837 A CN 101912837A CN 201010280339 CN201010280339 CN 201010280339 CN 201010280339 A CN201010280339 A CN 201010280339A CN 101912837 A CN101912837 A CN 101912837A
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China
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crucible
sidewall
spraying
spray gun
medial surface
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CN 201010280339
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CN101912837B (en
Inventor
王丙宽
张运锋
毕志民
白剑铭
田迎新
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Yingli Energy China Co Ltd
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Yingli Energy China Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a spraying method of a crucible used for ingot casting of a photovoltaic cell. The crucible comprises a first side wall, a second side wall, a third side wall, a fourth side wall and a bottom, wherein the bottom is connected with the first, second, third, and fourth side walls; the inner sides of the first, second, third, and fourth side walls form the inner side surface of the crucible; and the inner side surface of the bottom forms the inner bottom surface of the crucible. The spraying method comprises the following step that: a manipulator drives a spray gun to spray the inner side surface and the inner bottom surface of the crucible, wherein the spraying angle of the spray gun during spraying is 45 to 90 degrees; and the distance between the spray gun and a sprayed surface during the spraying of the spray gun is 10 to 30cm. During the spraying, the angle of the spray gun is 45 to 90 degrees; the distance between the spray gun and the sprayed surface is controlled to between 10 and 30cm; and a coating with uniform and stable quality can be formed on the inner surface of the crucible by selecting the technical parameters by the method.

Description

A kind of spraying method that is used for the crucible of ingot casting of photovoltaic cell
Technical field
The present invention relates to the spraying technology field, be specifically related to a kind of spraying method that is used for the crucible of ingot casting of photovoltaic cell.
Background technology
Spraying is a kind of process for treating surface, is the important component part of surface engineering technology.Can improve the character of surface of the work by spraying, surface of the work is obtained as different hardness, wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant, heat-resisting, anti-oxidant, heat insulation, insulation, conduction, sealing, sterilization, prevent various physical and chemical performances such as microwave.At present, be sprayed on and obtained in the industry widely using.
In the photovoltaic cell industry, need in crucible, melted silicon produce the silicon ingot that is used to make photovoltaic cell in the mode of casting then, silicon ingot is also referred to as ingot casting of photovoltaic cell.Usually, use silica to make crucible, be bonded in the crucible, need carry out surface treatment to spray one deck silicon nitride coating inner surface of crucible at inner surface of crucible in order to prevent silicon ingot.
In the prior art, when inner surface of crucible spraying silica coating, adopt the method for hand spray usually, promptly by operator's pistol at the inner surface of crucible spraying silicon nitride coating.Hand spray generally carries out according to following operation: the first, and take by weighing to stir behind a certain amount of silicon nitride powder and the pure water by processing compound and obtain silicon nitride coating; The second, the crucible that cleaning is good is put into and heats on the rotative heater; The 3rd, after the inner surface of crucible temperature reached predetermined temperature, the operator poured the silicon nitride coating that stirs into spray gun and finishes spraying operation.
There is following defective in the hand spray silicon nitride coating: at first, because spraying process all is manual operations, because operator's individual difference, cause crucible coating layer quality instability easily, break easily in the position that coating is thin, can produce the sticking pot of silicon ingot problem in the position that coating is broken, thereby bring tremendous loss to production; Secondly, during hand spray, owing to can produce harmful to health in a large number dust, so hand spray work operations environment is abominable.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of spraying method that is used for the crucible of ingot casting of photovoltaic cell, by this spraying method, forms the uniform and stable coating of quality at inner surface of crucible.
In order to solve above technical problem, the invention provides a kind of spraying method that is used for the crucible of ingot casting of photovoltaic cell, described crucible comprises
The spraying method of crucible, it is even to obtain crucible coating layer by described spraying method spraying, steady quality.
In order to solve above technical problem, the invention provides a kind of spraying method that is used for the solar energy crucible, described crucible comprises the first side wall and second sidewall that the position is relative, relative the 3rd sidewall and the 4th sidewall in two positions that connects the described the first side wall and second sidewall, connect described the first side wall, second sidewall, the diapire of the 3rd sidewall and the 4th sidewall, the medial surface of described the first side wall, the medial surface of second sidewall, the medial surface of the medial surface of the 3rd sidewall and the 4th sidewall surrounds the medial surface of described crucible, and the medial surface of described diapire forms the inner bottom surface of described crucible;
Described spraying method comprises:
Sprayed by the medial surface and the inner bottom surface of manipulator drive spray gun to described crucible, the spray angle when described spray gun sprays is 45 ℃~90 ℃, and the distance when described spray gun sprays between spray gun and the spraying face is 10cm~30cm.
Preferably, described when driving spray gun to the medial surface spraying of described crucible by manipulator the rifle direction of walking of spray gun parallel with the boundary line of described the first side wall and the 3rd sidewall.
Preferably, described when driving spray gun to the medial surface spraying of described crucible by manipulator spray gun walk rifle from the outer end of medial surface to the direction of inner bottom surface.
Preferably, described when driving spray gun the medial surface of described crucible sprayed by manipulator the adjacent distance of walking between the rifle for twice on same sidewall be spaced apart 5cm~25cm.
Preferably, described when driving spray gun the medial surface of described crucible sprayed by manipulator after a rifle play rifle position and last rifle play the rifle position apart from being 5cm~25cm.
Preferably, the spraying to four sidewalls of the medial surface of described crucible is followed successively by the first side wall, second sidewall, the 3rd sidewall, the 4th sidewall in proper order.
Preferably, described when driving spray gun to the inner bottom surface spraying of described crucible by manipulator the rifle direction of walking of spray gun parallel with the boundary line of a madial wall of described inner bottom surface and described crucible.
Spray angle when preferably, being driven spray gun the medial surface of described crucible is sprayed by manipulator is 45 degree~70 degree.
Spray angle when preferably, being driven spray gun the inner bottom surface of described crucible is sprayed by manipulator is 70 degree~90 degree.
Preferably, also comprise the step that the angle to four sidelines of described inner bottom surface sprays.
Of the present inventionly provide a kind of spraying method that is used for the crucible of ingot casting of photovoltaic cell, compared with prior art, the present invention adopts manipulator drive spray gun that the medial surface and the inner bottom surface of crucible are sprayed, in the process of spraying, angle of gun is controlled at 45 degree~90 degree, and the distance between spray gun and the spraying face is controlled at 10cm~30cm, by selecting above-mentioned technological parameter, can carry out stable spraying to crucible, in even, the stable coating of inner surface formation quality of crucible.
Description of drawings
The schematic diagram of the crucible that Fig. 1 need spray for the present invention;
Fig. 2 sprays a kind of schematic diagram of embodiment to inner surface of crucible for the present invention.
The specific embodiment
In order further to understand the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment the preferred embodiment of the invention is described, but should be appreciated that these describe just to further specifying the features and advantages of the present invention, rather than to the restriction of claim of the present invention.
See also Fig. 1, be the schematic diagram of the crucible that is used to cast ingot casting of photovoltaic cell, crucible 11 comprises the relative the first side wall 11a in position and the second sidewall 11b, be connected the 3rd relative sidewall 11c of two positions of the described the first side wall 11a and the second sidewall 11b and the 4th sidewall 11d, be connected the diapire 11e of described the first side wall 11a, the second sidewall 11b, the 3rd sidewall 11c, the 4th sidewall 11d; The medial surface of the medial surface of the medial surface of the medial surface of described the first side wall 11a, the second sidewall 11b, the 3rd sidewall 11c, the 4th sidewall 11d surrounds the medial surface of described crucible, the medial surface of described diapire 11e forms the inner bottom surface of described crucible, and the medial surface of crucible and inner bottom surface constitute the inner surface of crucible.In order to prevent that silicon ingot is bonded in the crucible, need carry out spray treatment to the inner surface of crucible, at inner surface formation one deck silicon nitride coating of crucible.During to the spraying of the inner surface of crucible, need heat crucible, therefore also be provided with heating jacket 12 in the crucible outside, under the effect of heating jacket 12, crucible 11 is heated, according to the present invention, before spraying, preferably crucible is heated to 50 ℃~100 ℃, more preferably be heated to 60 ℃~90 ℃, more preferably be heated to 65 ℃~80 ℃ temperature.
The specific embodiment that crucible is sprayed provided by the invention comprises:
Sprayed by the medial surface and the inner bottom surface of manipulator drive spray gun to described crucible, the spray angle when described spray gun sprays is 45 degree~90 degree, and the distance when described spray gun sprays between spray gun and the spraying face is 10cm~30cm.
According to the present invention, described manipulator is meant puma manipulator well known to those skilled in the art, and manipulator can be controlled according to preset program by control end such as computer, realizes the multi-angle motion of manipulator.Among the present invention, spray employed coating and can be silicon nitride water paint well known to those skilled in the art, promptly get alpha-silicon nitride powders and water and mix the back as the silicon nitride water paint, described alpha-silicon nitride powders and water preferably are 1: 2~1: 10 ratio according to weight ratio, preferably, more preferably mix obtaining the silicon nitride water paint according to 1: 5~1: 6 ratio according to 1: 4~1: 8.The particle diameter of used alpha-silicon nitride powders is preferably 0.1 μ m~50 μ m, more preferably 0.2 μ m~25 μ m, more preferably 0.5 μ m~10 μ m.
According to the present invention, when being driven spray gun the inner surface of described crucible is sprayed by manipulator, for the spraying order of medial surface and inner bottom surface, there is no particular restriction in the present invention, can spray the medial surface of crucible earlier, sprays inner bottom surface again; Also can spray inner bottom surface earlier, and then spraying medial surface or use spray gun intersection spraying medial surface and inner bottom surface, all can realize purpose of the present invention.In addition, in the process of spraying, the alpha-silicon nitride powders that comes off can be fallen bottom surface and get on, so preferred version is a minimum face of last spraying position, can be any one sidewall of medial surface.
According to the present invention, when using spray gun that the inner surface of crucible is sprayed, spray angle is controlled at 45 degree~90 degree, 50 degree~85 degree more preferably, and the distance between spray gun and the spraying face is preferably 10cm~30cm, more preferably 15cm~25cm.
According to the present invention, when using spray gun that the medial surface of crucible is sprayed, the rifle direction of walking of spray gun is preferably walked rifle according to the direction that the boundary line with described the first side wall and the 3rd sidewall parallels, and more preferably the top from medial surface begins to walk rifle to the bottom of medial surface along the direction that the boundary line with described the first side wall and the 3rd sidewall parallels.On same sidewall, the distance between adjacent two rifles is 5cm~25cm, more preferably 8cm~18cm, more preferably 10cm~15cm.
See also Fig. 2, the schematic diagram of the first kind of embodiment that the inner surface of crucible is sprayed for spray gun provided by the invention; The rifle direction of walking of spray gun 21 preferably parallels with the direction of the first side wall 11a and the 3rd sidewall 11c, and walks rifle from the outer end of the first side wall 11a to the inner, the walking the rifle position and all can begin from the top of medial surface to finish to the bottom of each rifle.According to the present invention, the original position 21a of back one rifle can stagger with the rifle position 21b that rises of last rifle, and preferred spacing distance is 5cm~25cm, more preferably 7cm~12cm, and then the remainder that back one rifle is walked the rifle route replenishes spraying, and it is constant to spray direction; When back one rifle is walked rifle, can replenish spraying like this, reach better spraying effect the original position of last rifle.
According to the present invention, for the spraying order of four sidewalls of described medial surface, there is no particular restriction in the present invention, preferably, after sidewall of spraying is finished, can arrive the spraying opposing sidewalls, more preferably the order according to the first side wall, second sidewall, the 3rd sidewall, the 4th sidewall sprays.After spraying is finished to the medial surface of crucible, can the inner bottom surface of crucible be sprayed, when the bottom surface was sprayed, the rifle direction of walking of spray gun paralleled with the boundary line of a madial wall of inner bottom surface and described crucible.
According to the present invention, when using manipulator drive spray gun that medial surface is sprayed, spray angle is preferably 45 degree~70 degree, and more preferably 50 spend~60 degree, and spray distance is preferably 17cm~22cm.When using manipulator drive spray gun that inner bottom surface is sprayed, spray angle is preferably 70 degree~90 degree, and more preferably 75 spend~85 degree, and spray distance is preferably 12cm~15cm.
When the inner surface of crucible was sprayed, the spraying number of times was preferably 10 times~20 times, and more preferably 11 times~18 times, more preferably 12 times~16 times.Thickness for silicon nitride coating is preferably 0.1mm~1.5mm, more preferably 0.2mm~1.2mm, more preferably 0.3mm~0.6mm.In addition, because the medial surface of crucible and four angle of cut places of inner bottom surface are the crucible vulnerable areas, therefore the impulsive force maximum of the liquid-state silicon that herein is subjected to after the spraying of finishing medial surface and inner bottom surface, can also be replenished spraying to the angle in four sidelines of the inner bottom surface of crucible.
For spraying equipment used in the present invention, there is no particular restriction, can use spray gun well known to those skilled in the art.
Compared with prior art, the present invention uses manipulator drive spray gun that the inner surface of crucible is sprayed, in the process of spraying, angle of gun is controlled at 45 degree~90 degree, distance between spray gun and the spraying face is controlled at 10cm~30cm, by selecting above-mentioned technological parameter, can carry out stable spraying to crucible, in even, the stable coating of inner surface formation quality of crucible.
Below with specific embodiment effect of the present invention is described, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
In following examples, to select particle diameter for use be the alpha-silicon nitride powders of 0.5 μ m~5 μ m and deionized water according to weight ratio is that 1: 4 ratio mixes that to obtain the silicon nitride water paint standby.
Embodiment 1
According to following procedure spray coating:
A) with in a mixing bowl that the silicon nitride water paint is contained in spray gun is connected;
B) crucible is preheating to 65 ℃;
C) the spraying order sprays according to the order of the first side wall 11a, the second sidewall 11b, the 3rd sidewall 11c, the 4th sidewall 11d, diapire 11e;
The spraying the first side wall is according to following operation:
Top from the first side wall during the spraying of first rifle begins to be sprayed onto the bottom end, walks the rifle direction along the direction that parallels with the first side wall 11a and the 3rd sidewall 11c, and spray angle is 55 degree, and spray distance is 18cm; In second rifle when spraying,, the spacing distance during with the spraying of first rifle was 5cm, played the rifle position and also be from the top of the first side wall to begin to be sprayed onto the bottom end identical when other technology sprays with first rifle; Finish spraying according to the technology identical to the first side wall with second rifle;
Finish spraying according to the spraying coating process identical to second sidewall, the 3rd sidewall and the 4th sidewall with the first side wall;
The spraying inner bottom surface is according to following operation:
In first rifle when spraying, begin to the medial surface relative position from medial surface and the boundary line of a sidewall and finish, and the technological parameter of other technological parameter when spraying the first side wall is identical.
D) behind the medial surface and inner bottom surface of spraying crucible, four angle of cut places of medial surface and inner bottom surface are replenished spraying;
Repeating step c) and step d) 15 times, finish the inner surface spraying to crucible, it is the silicon nitride coating of 0.5mm that dry back forms thickness.
Embodiment 2
According to following procedure spray coating:
A) with in a mixing bowl that the silicon nitride water paint is contained in spray gun is connected;
B) crucible is preheating to 65 ℃;
C) the spraying order sprays according to the order of the first side wall 11a, the second sidewall 11b, the 3rd sidewall 11c, the 4th sidewall 11d, diapire 11e;
The spraying the first side wall is according to following operation:
Top from the first side wall during the spraying of first rifle begins to be sprayed onto the bottom end, walks the rifle direction along the direction that parallels with the first side wall 11a and the 3rd sidewall 11c, and spray angle is 55 degree, and spray distance is 18cm; In second rifle when spraying,, the spacing distance during with the spraying of first rifle was 5cm, the rifle location interval 5cm who plays rifle position and first rifle of second rifle, and then the remainder that second rifle is walked the rifle route replenished spraying, and it is constant to spray direction; Identical when other technology sprays with first rifle; Finish spraying according to the technology identical to the first side wall with second rifle;
Finish spraying according to the spraying coating process identical to second sidewall, the 3rd sidewall and the 4th sidewall with the first side wall;
The spraying inner bottom surface is according to following operation:
In first rifle when spraying, begin to the medial surface relative position from medial surface and the boundary line of a sidewall and finish, and the technological parameter of other technological parameter when spraying the first side wall is identical.
D) behind the medial surface and inner bottom surface of spraying crucible, four angle of cut places of medial surface and inner bottom surface are replenished spraying;
Repeating step c) and step d) 15 times, finish the inner surface spraying to crucible, it is the silicon nitride coating of 0.5mm that dry back forms thickness.
Get the crucible casting photovoltaic cell silicon ingot after embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 spray treatment, stable operation 60 hours, after casting was finished, ingot was unloaded in cooling, and a sticking pot phenomenon appears in silicon ingot presentation quality one-level.
More than the spraying method that is used for the crucible of ingot casting of photovoltaic cell provided by the present invention is described in detail.Used specific case herein principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof.Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improvement and modification also fall in the protection domain of claim of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. spraying method that is used for the crucible of ingot casting of photovoltaic cell, described crucible comprises the relative the first side wall in position and second sidewall, be connected the 3rd relative sidewall of two positions of the described the first side wall and second sidewall and the 4th sidewall, be connected the diapire of described the first side wall, second sidewall, the 3rd sidewall and the 4th sidewall, the medial surface of the medial surface of the medial surface of the medial surface of described the first side wall, second sidewall, the 3rd sidewall and the 4th sidewall surrounds the medial surface of described crucible, and the medial surface of described diapire forms the inner bottom surface of described crucible;
Described spraying method comprises:
Sprayed by the medial surface and the inner bottom surface of manipulator drive spray gun to described crucible, the spray angle when described spray gun sprays is 45 degree~90 degree, and the distance when described spray gun sprays between spray gun and the spraying face is 10cm~30cm.
2. spraying method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described when driving spray gun to the medial surface spraying of described crucible by manipulator the rifle direction of walking of spray gun parallel with the boundary line of described the first side wall and the 3rd sidewall.
3. spraying method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described when driving spray gun to the medial surface spraying of described crucible by manipulator spray gun walk rifle from the outer end of medial surface to the direction of inner bottom surface.
4. spraying method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described when driving spray gun the medial surface of described crucible sprayed by manipulator the adjacent distance of walking between the rifle for twice on same sidewall be spaced apart 5cm~25cm.
5. spraying method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described when driving spray gun the medial surface of described crucible sprayed by manipulator after a rifle play rifle position and last rifle play the rifle position apart from being 5cm~25cm.
6. spraying method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the spraying of four sidewalls of the medial surface of described crucible is followed successively by the first side wall, second sidewall, the 3rd sidewall, the 4th sidewall in proper order.
7. according to each described spraying method of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that, described when driving spray gun to the inner bottom surface spraying of described crucible by manipulator the rifle direction of walking of spray gun parallel with the boundary line of a madial wall of described inner bottom surface and described crucible.
8. spraying method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the spray angle when being driven spray gun the medial surface of described crucible is sprayed by manipulator is 45 degree~70 degree.
9. spraying method according to claim 8 is characterized in that, the spray angle when being driven spray gun the inner bottom surface of described crucible is sprayed by manipulator is 70 degree~90 degree.
10. spraying method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, also comprises the step that the angle to four sidelines of described inner bottom surface sprays.
CN2010102803393A 2010-09-09 2010-09-09 Spraying method of crucible used for ingot casting of photovoltaic cell Expired - Fee Related CN101912837B (en)

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CN102649109A (en) * 2011-02-24 2012-08-29 苏州工业园区优立涂装机械工程有限公司 Automatically-elastic heating device for spraying of solar energy crucible
CN102909163A (en) * 2011-08-05 2013-02-06 镇江仁德新能源科技有限公司 Method for forming coating on inner surface of polycrystalline silicon ingot casting crucible
CN104909824A (en) * 2014-03-12 2015-09-16 昆山中辰矽晶有限公司 Manufacturing method of crucible insulating layer and spraying device applied by same
CN106083204A (en) * 2016-06-15 2016-11-09 江苏美科硅能源有限公司 A kind of manufacture method of inner surface of crucible release coating
CN106116169A (en) * 2016-06-17 2016-11-16 重庆大全新能源有限公司 Photovoltaic industry square quartz crucible spraying mechanical automation system and technique
WO2017117888A1 (en) * 2016-01-05 2017-07-13 广东美的厨房电器制造有限公司 Enameled inner container, and enamel spraying method and enamel spraying equipment therefor
CN107876362A (en) * 2017-11-10 2018-04-06 江苏协鑫硅材料科技发展有限公司 The automatic spraying process and crucible of large scale crucible for casting ingots coating
CN108341689A (en) * 2018-01-12 2018-07-31 晶科能源有限公司 A kind of polycrystalline crucible automatic painting method
CN112403746A (en) * 2019-08-21 2021-02-26 成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司 Spraying process method of multi-frame groove part

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CN102649109A (en) * 2011-02-24 2012-08-29 苏州工业园区优立涂装机械工程有限公司 Automatically-elastic heating device for spraying of solar energy crucible
CN102909163A (en) * 2011-08-05 2013-02-06 镇江仁德新能源科技有限公司 Method for forming coating on inner surface of polycrystalline silicon ingot casting crucible
CN104909824A (en) * 2014-03-12 2015-09-16 昆山中辰矽晶有限公司 Manufacturing method of crucible insulating layer and spraying device applied by same
CN104909824B (en) * 2014-03-12 2017-01-25 昆山中辰矽晶有限公司 Manufacturing method of crucible insulating layer and spraying device applied by same
WO2017117888A1 (en) * 2016-01-05 2017-07-13 广东美的厨房电器制造有限公司 Enameled inner container, and enamel spraying method and enamel spraying equipment therefor
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CN106083204B (en) * 2016-06-15 2018-09-28 江苏美科硅能源有限公司 A kind of production method of inner surface of crucible release coating
CN106116169A (en) * 2016-06-17 2016-11-16 重庆大全新能源有限公司 Photovoltaic industry square quartz crucible spraying mechanical automation system and technique
CN107876362A (en) * 2017-11-10 2018-04-06 江苏协鑫硅材料科技发展有限公司 The automatic spraying process and crucible of large scale crucible for casting ingots coating
CN108341689A (en) * 2018-01-12 2018-07-31 晶科能源有限公司 A kind of polycrystalline crucible automatic painting method
CN112403746A (en) * 2019-08-21 2021-02-26 成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司 Spraying process method of multi-frame groove part

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