CN101908387B - Radiation source carbon nanotube battery device - Google Patents
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- CN101908387B CN101908387B CN 201010242816 CN201010242816A CN101908387B CN 101908387 B CN101908387 B CN 101908387B CN 201010242816 CN201010242816 CN 201010242816 CN 201010242816 A CN201010242816 A CN 201010242816A CN 101908387 B CN101908387 B CN 101908387B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a radiation source carbon nanotube battery device. A nickel-aluminum top electrode is respectively connected with a radiation source and a zinc oxide window layer. The zinc oxide window layer is respectively connected with the nickel-aluminum top electrode and a cadmium sulfide buffer layer. The cadmium sulfide buffer layer is respectively connected with the zinc oxide window layer and a first carbon nanotube absorbing layer. A second carbon nanotube absorbing layer is respectively connected with the first carbon nanotube absorbing layer and a third carbon nanotube absorbing layer. A fourth carbon nanotube absorbing layer is respectively connected with the third carbon nanotube absorbing layer and a fifth carbon nanotube absorbing layer. The fifth carbon nanotube absorbing layer is tightly attached to a molybdenum metal electrode. The radiation source is sealed in the middle of the nickel-aluminum top electrode. The upper part of the zinc oxide window layer is connected with the nickel-aluminum top electrode, and the lower part thereof is connected with the cadmium sulfide buffer layer. The invention has the advantages of high efficiency and mass ratio power, and high radiation-resistance capability, can be made into flexible batteries, and is suitable for batch production with the potential on reducing the nuclear battery cost. The battery device is suitable for various occasions, especially aircrafts.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nuclear battery, relate to more specifically a kind of nuclear battery device of radiation source carbon nanotube structure.Compare with existing nuclear battery, it is little that battery of the present invention has a volume, the advantage that specific power is large.Be applicable on MEMS (micro electro mechanical system) (MEMS), aerospace vehicle and the portable electronics as application of power.
Background technology
The needs of the energy and environmental protection:
21 century, to face the most urgent be the problem of energy shortage and ecological deterioration in the whole world, and 21 century is that oil and natural gas is about to exhausted century! In order to reduce greenhouse effect, for Earthian's today and tomorrow, substitute energy is sought all in energy-saving and emission-reduction in the whole world, sets up low-carbon economy.People make device little, so not only can save social resources, also directly and have indirectly saved the energy.And the miniaturization of device, microminiaturization, particularly portable electronics, from not the development of little energy, wherein the most important thing is the development of little energy of long-life, the long-life is also the most capable with regard to several nuclear batteries at present; Aspect Looking For Substitutions Of Oil, directly utilizing inexhaustible solar electrical energy generation is people's outlines.But the bottleneck of development solar cell is that its primary raw material silicon is very expensive.So a research direction of current solar cell is the new material that exploitation can substitute traditional silicon.Research is found and can partly be replaced silicon in the conventional solar cell with carbon nano-tube (CNTs).This is one of source of mentality of designing of the present invention.
The needs of nuclear battery development:
So far, the United States, Russia's (containing USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics)) makes and the nuclear battery that uses surpasses thousand pieces, but almost homogeneity is thermoelectric conversion hysteria, and conversion efficiency the highest be 5%; In addition, the radiological materials of use mainly is a few nucleic such as plutonium-238 grade, and the source face is narrow, price and seldom arriving.Because efficient is low, this battery is used in the space flight, volume or a bit large.Can change raw material, structure and energy conversion mode, efficient is increased substantially, improve specific power and specific energy, reduce quality and volume? this is aim of the present invention place just.
The photoelectron that the present invention utilizes radioactive radiation source to send absorbs by semiconductor carbon nanometer tube, converts the cell apparatus of electric current to.Because the quality of this battery is larger than power, battery can be done very littlely, is applicable to very much MEMS (micro electro mechanical system) (MEMS) and aerospace vehicle and uses, and also can be widely used on the portable electronics of all trades and professions such as the army and the people.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to be to provide a kind of radiation source carbon nanotube battery device.Have high efficient and quality than power, high Radiation hardness, can make flexible battery, have and be suitable for the potentiality that large-scale production reduces the nuclear battery cost.So, be very suitable for various applications, particularly spacecraft.
Principle of the present invention is: a large amount of photoelectrons that radioactive radiation source sends, and the carbon nano-tube with semiconductor property absorbs, and produces spoke and gives birth to Volta effect; With the electrode UNICOM of semiconductor both sides, load on the indirect just has spoke to give birth to electric current in external circuit and flows through, thereby obtains power stage, and this just is directly changed into radiation energy electric energy (seeing Fig. 1).Unquestionable, can find out by this section description: 1, because the employing semiconductor carbon nanometer tube is done the nuclear battery transition material, and the semiconductor material (such as silicon) that does not adopt people to know carries out opto-electronic conversion, so this is a kind of brand-new nuclear battery; 2, general structure is simple; 3, material is easy to get, and can save silicon materials.
The structure of this device is by stainless steel lining bottom material, aluminium oxide (Al
2O
3) insulation course, hearth electrode molybdenum (Mo), carbon nano-tube (CNTs) absorption layer, cadmium sulfide (CdS) cushion, zinc paste (ZnO) Window layer, top electrode nickel-aluminium (Ni-Al) and radiation source eight layer film materials make (seeing Fig. 2).In actual applications, in order fully to absorb photoelectron, the energy dissipation that radiation source is discharged, often centered by radiation source, be arranged symmetrically with up and down two batteries that structure function is identical, form radiation source and be clipped in the up and down middle structure of battery, be called " sandwich style " structure.
For realizing the present invention, adopt following technical scheme:
A kind of radiation source carbon nanotube battery device comprises at the bottom of radiation source, nickel-aluminium top electrode, zinc paste Window layer, cadmium sulfide cushion, carbon nano-tube absorption layer, molybdenum hearth electrode, alumina insulating layer, the stainless steel lining.
It is characterized in that: nickel-aluminium top electrode 2 links to each other with radiation source 1, zinc paste Window layer 3 respectively, zinc paste Window layer 3 links to each other with nickel-aluminium top electrode 2, cadmium sulfide cushion 4 respectively, cadmium sulfide cushion 4 links to each other with zinc paste Window layer 3, the first carbon nano-tube absorption layer 5A respectively, the carbon nano-tube absorption layer has five sublayers, comprise the first carbon nano-tube absorption layer, work to absorb energy 2.4ev～1.0ev photon; The second carbon nano-tube absorption layer works to absorb energy 1.0ev～0.4ev photon; The 3rd carbon nano-tube absorption layer works to absorb energy 0.4ev and following lower energy photon; The 4th carbon nano-tube absorption layer and the 5th carbon nano-tube absorption layer, the first carbon nano-tube absorption layer, the second carbon nano-tube absorption layer, the 3rd each layer of carbon nano-tube absorption layer of having N-shaped character as p-type structure and front, form unified continuous built in field, make whole battery become a pn knot, rather than a plurality of discontinuous built in fields, play separation, acceleration, collect e-h to effect, to the external circuit transporting.Annexation between the carbon nano-tube is: the second carbon nano-tube absorption layer links to each other with the first carbon nano-tube absorption layer, the 3rd carbon nano-tube absorption layer respectively, and the 4th carbon nano-tube absorption layer respectively the 3rd carbon nano-tube absorption layer, the 5th carbon nano-tube absorption layer links to each other.The 5th carbon nano-tube absorption layer is close to the molybdenum electrode.Radiation source is enclosed in the middle of nickel-aluminium top electrode, form together sandwiched type structure, be in the negative pole end of battery, the zinc paste Window layer is the thin layer that is between nickel-aluminium top electrode and the cadmium sulfide cushion, connect nickel-aluminium top electrode above the zinc paste Window layer, connect the cadmium sulfide cushion below the zinc paste Window layer, connecting carbon nanotube absorption layer below the cadmium sulfide cushion, be connected with the carbon nano-tube absorption layer above the molybdenum hearth electrode, be connected with alumina insulating layer below the molybdenum hearth electrode, connect at the bottom of the stainless steel lining below the alumina insulating layer.
The carbon nano-tube absorption layer is comprised of five sublayers that bandgap structure is trapezoidal profile, is respectively the first carbon nano-tube absorption layer, is N-shaped; The second carbon nano-tube absorption layer is the n-type; The 3rd carbon nano-tube absorption layer is Intrinsical; The 4th carbon nano-tube absorption layer is p-type; The 5th carbon nano-tube absorption layer is the p+ type;
Carbon nano-tube absorption layer N-shaped outside surface, namely the first carbon nano-tube absorption layer is close to the cadmium sulfide cushion, and the p+ type end side, namely the 5th carbon nano-tube absorption layer is close to the molybdenum electrode.
Below, make a concrete analysis of the action function of layers of material.
1, radiation source---everyly can send radioactive material, all can be used to make the radiation source of this device.These radiomaterials can be radioactive isotopes, also can be natural radioactivity material or spentnuclear fuel etc.This device radioactive material evenly mixes with gold (Au), forms radiation source.Sneak into the gold effect be: a, high energy radioactive particle at first with the gold effect, produce a large amount of photoelectrons (seeing Table 1), be battery manufacture " light source "; The plasticity of b, increase radioactive material.According to different radioactive particles, can make the variety classes photoelectric flat source that α, β, γ or α β γ mix.
2, nickel-aluminium top electrode is the negative pole of battery.Wrap in the radiation source outside, and radiation source forms " sandwich style " (Sandwich) structure together.Nickel plating is in order to prevent aluminium diffusion and improve the Ohmic contact of Al:ZnO in the ZnO, and Ni can also improve the long-time stability of nuclear battery.
3, zinc paste Window layer.It is the thin layer of adjacent top electrode.The ZnO film layer is N-shaped heterostructure, direct band-gap semicondictor.The room temperature energy gap is 3.4ev, can strengthen the spectral response in battery shortwave district.Experiment showed, that ZnO can improve the open-circuit voltage of battery, thereby improve battery efficiency.
4, cadmium sulfide cushion---also be a kind of direct band gap N-shaped semiconductor film layer, cadmium sulfide band gap width 2.4ev, between the ZnO of carbon nano-tube absorption layer and high band gap layer, form transition, reduce between the two band gap step and lattice mismatch, the spectral response district that makes battery expands 2.4ev to from 3.4, works to improve the pn knot and improves battery performance.
5, carbon nano-tube absorption layer---be comprised of the single wall with semiconductor property or multi-walled carbon nano-tubes lamination, this paper is called for short the carbon nano-tube absorption layer.It is between cushion and hearth electrode.Can absorb the photon of energy 2.4ev～0.4.Carbon nano-tube is adjusted band gap by suitable doping, optimizes band gap and distributes, and forms the gradient band gap structure, obtains the high-performance of battery.
The energy gap width of semiconductor carbon nanometer tube is from 0.4ev～can transfer to and Si quite (seeing Table 2).Carbon nano-tube has the special benefits of many worth employings: the research discovery, carbon nano-tube has metallicity and semiconductive.Wherein 1/3 is metallicity, the 2/3rd, and semiconductive, its electric conductivity, closely related with its diameter and chirality.This device is exactly this peculiar electrical property of utilizing carbon nano-tube, and Window layer, cushion are together, make the laminated cell structure in parallel of different energy gaps.Compare with the series connection laminated cell, the characteristics of this rhythmo structure in parallel are: a, do not exist charge carrier to cross over the difficulty of tunnel junction; B, there is not the complicated technology of additional intermediate layer; C, whole battery are pn knots, have a continuous built in field in the multijunction cell body; D, under unified electric field action, separation, the decimate action of electron-hole pair are successively accelerated, and transports unimpededly, when charge carrier accelerates to a certain degree, even can produce avalanche effect, charge carrier increases, the photogenerated current increase; The lower energy photon such as e, infrared light absorbs at lamination carbon nano-tube middle part.
Carbon nano-tube one has 5 laminations and forms, and adds that Window layer and cushion all are 7 layers, and version is lamination in parallel (seeing Fig. 1).Energy gap contains most of radiant-energy spectrum.CdS can spread Shen and enter to the carbon nano tube surface layer, forms the band gap (the best band gap of solar cell is 1.4ev) of 2.4ev～1.0ev; In order to improve the band gap of p-type carbon nano-tube, near the molybdenum contact position, mix aluminium or gallium element, make energy gap adjustable between 1.0～2.6ev.The band gap length is respectively: Eg1ZnO3.4ev, Eg2CdS2.4ev, Eg3CNTs2.4～1.0ev, Eg4CNTs1.0ev, Eg5CNTs0.4ev, Eg6CNTs1.0ev, Eg7CNTs2.6～1.0ev, each layer absorbs respectively each interval photon energy of conversion, and the batteries in parallel connection that consists of like this is higher than arbitrary unijunction conversion efficiency.
N-shaped carbon nano-tube outside surface is close to the cadmium sulfide cushion, and p+ type outside surface is close to the molybdenum electrode.
5, molybdenum hearth electrode is the positive pole of battery.Be close to p+ type carbon nano-tube outside surface.Mo has good electric conductivity and stability, is the optimal selection of doing electrode.On molybdenum is grown directly upon at the bottom of the stainless steel lining with sputtering method.The surperficial Shen that contacts with carbon nano-tube at molybdenum has sodium compound, and the Shen of Na enters obviously to improve battery performance, improves the conversion efficiency of battery.
6, alumina insulating layer---Al
2O
3Play the insulation barrier effect.Be clipped at the bottom of the stainless steel lining and the metal molybdenum positive pole between.On being deposited at the bottom of the stainless steel lining with sputtering method, cover the stainless steel watch surface roughness, play the insulation barrier effect.
7, at the bottom of the stainless steel lining---at the basal surface of battery.At first to consider soundness, durability, the temperature tolerance of backing material as nuclear battery, good shielding also will be arranged.The stainless steel lining bottom material is the ideal material that has both.Concerning flexible battery, thickness will be suitable for the realization of flexible technology.Certainly, this device also can be done backing material with polyimide (PI) etc.
Apparatus of the present invention have been compared following characteristics with existing nuclear battery technology:
1, replaces normally used isotope source with radiation source, but enlarged the scope of nuclear battery application source.Solved the problem that spentnuclear fuel directly utilizes without separating treatment.In fact radiation source is exactly the photoelectron generator.No matter be charged alpha ray, β ray, or uncharged γ, x, n ray all are high energy particles, they and material are done the time spent and can both be inspired a large amount of photoelectrons, quantum efficiency＞＞1.Table 1 has been listed the ability characteristics of three kinds of rays excite electron pairs.
Table 1 α, β, gamma-ray fundamental characteristics are relatively
| Ray type | Mean ionization energy power/cm in the air | Airborne penetrative quality | |
| Alpha ray | Several ten thousand pairs of ions | Approximately several centimetres of ranges | |
| The β ray | About 100 pairs of ions | Approximately several meters of ranges | |
| Gamma-rays | Several to ion | Partly weaken approximately 85 meters on layer |
2, substitute photoelectric conversion material commonly used with carbon nano-tube, its superiority (seeing Table 2) is arranged.Research is found: the carbon nano-tube with semiconductor property is a kind of desirable photodiode, carbon nano-tube film has high carrier mobility and ballistic transport performance, in carbon nano-tube, electronics can only be along the axially-movable of CNTs, play the effect of separated charge and metastatic electron, reduce electron-hole recombinations, improve conversion efficiency; Carbon nano-tube has the ligh trap effect, and the absorptivity in visible light and infrared light district can reach 99%, can take full advantage of unnecessary luminous energy, is well suited for absorbing the low light level, and the excess energy in the conventional solar cell often runs off with the form of heat.Replace the traditional silicon pipe manufacturer to go out photodiode with carbon nano-tube, become in the process of electric energy carrying out light energy conversion, strength of current is doubled.Carbon nano-tube has more high intensity and pliability, and Radiation hardness is strong, extremely is suitable for use in to have radioactive occasion; Carbon nanotube density is little, only has 1.33～1.40g/cm
3, than the 2.9g/cm of aluminium
3Also light; Carbon nano-tube also has good light transmission, chemical stability, can do transparency electrode.So carbon nano-tube is a kind of good photoelectric conversion material.
Table 2 has been listed monocrystalline silicon block materials and CNTs in the correlation data (temperature 300K) of energy gap, resistivity, mobility, carrier concentration and spectral response performance.
The contrast of table 2 monocrystalline silicon and Single Walled Carbon Nanotube photovoltaic performance
As shown in Table 1, CNTs compares with monocrystalline silicon, has unique photovoltaic, because spectral response range is large, intrinsic resistivity is little, so low light level performance is good.
In the preparation process of carbon nano-tube, carbon nano-tube has the characteristics of self assembly.This character of CN Ts provides possibility for the materials such as silicon that replace in the general solar cell, and also the development for solar cell provides a new way.
The present invention compares with existing nuclear battery technology and has the following advantages:
General kernel battery-efficient, longevity, specific energy are high except having for this device, safety, economy, the advantage such as of many uses, also have following advantage:
(1) efficient high-low light level performance of carbon nano-tube is good especially, and the radiation intensity of many available radioelement often is in low light level scope.Like this, the optional face in source is widened many, is conducive to choose applicable and cheap source.In the situation that irradiation intensity is identical, the comparable thermoelectric conversion hysteria nuclear battery of photoelectric transformation efficiency is high 2～3 times.
(2) quality is higher than power--because carbon nanomaterial density is little, so the quality of integral battery door is little, add that efficient is high, so quality is higher about 2 times than power ratio general kernel battery.
(3) volume weight of battery little-carbon nano-tube power cell can be done very littlely.Be more suitable in be used on the aerospace appts and the MEMS device on, also can be used on other portable electronics.
(4) the present invention has initiated lamination carbon nano tube structure in parallel has been used on the nuclear battery as the electric energy conversion regime, and it can take full advantage of the low light levels such as infrared light.This mode also can be generalized to the occasion that other light heat sources such as utilizing sun power comes converting electrical energy.
(5) have flexibility, foldability, be not afraid of to fall and bump.
(6) Radiation hardness is strong.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of radiation source carbon nanotube battery device principle of work schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is a kind of radiation source carbon nanotube battery device structural representation.
Wherein: at the bottom of 1-radiation source, 2-nickel-aluminium top electrode, 3-zinc paste Window layer, 4-cadmium sulfide cushion, 5-carbon nano-tube absorption layer, 6-molybdenum hearth electrode, 7-alumina insulating layer, the 8-stainless steel lining, 5A-the-carbon nano-tube absorption layer (N-shaped), 5B-the second carbon nano-tube absorption layer (n-type), 5C-the 3rd carbon nano-tube absorption layer (Intrinsical), 5D the 4th carbon nano-tube absorption layer (p-type), 5E-the 5th carbon nano-tube absorption layer (p+ type).
Embodiment
Below, measure is further described to this device technique by reference to the accompanying drawings:
By structural representation as seen, this device 8 etc. partly forms at the bottom of by radiation source 1, nickel-aluminium top electrode 2, zinc paste Window layer 3, cadmium sulfide cushion 4, carbon nano-tube absorption layer 5, molybdenum hearth electrode 6, alumina insulating layer 7, stainless steel lining.At the bottom of version is stainless steel lining/Al
2O
3Insulation course/Mo hearth electrode/carbon nano-tube absorption layer/CdS cushion/ZnO Window layer/Ni-Al top electrode/radiation source.
Concrete production process and annexation are to be expressed as follows:
1, annexation:
The present invention is a kind of radiation source carbon nanotube battery device, and its architectural feature is lamination carbon nano-tube power cell in parallel.Its annexation is: nickel-aluminium top electrode 2 links to each other with radiation source 1, zinc paste Window layer 3 respectively, and the top electrode negative pole as battery provides electronics to external circuit; Zinc paste Window layer 3 links to each other with nickel-aluminium top electrode 2, cadmium sulfide cushion 4 respectively, works to absorb energy greater than the 3.4ev photon; Cadmium sulfide cushion 4 links to each other with zinc paste Window layer 3, the first carbon nano-tube absorption layer 5A respectively, works to absorb energy 3.4ev～2.4ev photon.Carbon nano-tube absorption layer 5 has 5 sublayers, comprises the first carbon nano-tube absorption layer 5A, works to absorb energy 2.4ev～1.0ev photon; The second carbon nano-tube absorption layer 5B works to absorb energy 1.0ev～0.4ev photon; The 3rd carbon nano-tube absorption layer 5C works to absorb energy 0.4ev and following lower energy photon; The 4th carbon nano-tube absorption layer 5D and the 5th carbon nano- tube absorption layer 5E, 5A, 5B, each layer of 5C of having N-shaped character as p-type structure and front, form unified continuous built in field, make whole battery become a pn knot, rather than a plurality of discontinuous built in fields, play separation, acceleration, collect e-h to effect, to the external circuit transporting.Annexation between the carbon nano-tube is: the second carbon nano-tube absorption layer 5B links to each other with the first carbon nano-tube absorption layer 5A, the 3rd carbon nano-tube absorption layer 5C respectively, and the 4th carbon nano-tube absorption layer 5D respectively the 3rd carbon nano-tube absorption layer 5C, the 5th carbon nano-tube absorption layer 5E links to each other.
The band gap of sensitive surface zinc paste Window layer is the widest, and band gap is less until intrinsic layer more inward; Conduction type oppositely increases from inside to outside gradually until hearth electrode forms the gradient band gap structure after having crossed intrinsic layer.
2, production process:
(1) stainless steel metal substrate-characteristics be firm, solid be not afraid of to fall bump, flexible, long service life, anti-irradiation, shielding action are large, are fit to nuclear battery and use as substrate or shell.The preparation method is: adopt surfacing smooth, and the stainless steel film of roughness＜1000 nanometers, the length and width size is determined (as plate, circular etc.) according to the shape of the power of battery and required battery.
(2) sputter one deck Al on substrate
2O
3Insulation course covers the stainless steel watch surface roughness, plays the insulation barrier effect.
(3) with sputtering method the thin film deposition of molybdenum hearth electrode is being scribbled Al
2O
3On the substrate of insulation course one side.The Mo film is the hearth electrode (positive pole) of battery, bears the function of the output power of battery.
(4) from the Mo film surface, successively prepare each absorption layer of carbon nano-tube with chemical vapour deposition technique (CVE method), deposition order is: at first at molybdenum hearth electrode deposition p+ type carbon nano-tube 5E, then be; 5D (p-type), 5C (Intrinsical), 5B (n-type), 5A (N-shaped) form gradient band gap structure (seeing Fig. 1).Each layer surface in contact has a little infiltration, makes battery energy gap step transition more sliding suitable, is conducive to the absorption to photon.Raising battery efficiency and specific power.
(5) deposit the CdS cushion with the CVE method at carbon nano-tube 5A.CdS can spread to carbon nanotube layer, forms the gradient band gap of 1.0ev～2.4ev, improves receptivity.
(6), deposit the ZnO Window layer with sputtering method at the CdS layer.ZnO Window layer and Ni-Al top electrode are the main thoroughfares of power of battery output together; With the CdS cushion together, consist of the photon absorbing layer of bandwidth 2.4～3.4ev.
(7), prepare top electrode Ni-Al electrode in the ZnO Window layer with CVE method or molecular beam epitaxy (MBE method).
(8), apply one deck radiation source thin layer at the Ni-Al top electrode, then on the radiation source surface again with CVE method deposition layer of Ni-Al layer.Ni-Al is wrapped up radiation source fully, form sandwiched type structure, the Ni-Al top electrode is battery cathode.So far radiation source carbon nanotube battery device assembling is complete.
(9), with two single face battery closed assemblies centered by radiation source that assemble, just form the lamination carbon nano-tube nuclear battery in parallel that is arranged symmetrically with, namely this cell apparatus is a kind of laminated cell structure in parallel.The advantage of this battery is that the radiation source energy can be fully used, and is unlikely to leak, and has just become the outside surface of protection battery at the bottom of the two-layer stainless steel lining.
Apparatus of the present invention meet calendar year 2001 M.Geen and have proposed the requirement that third generation battery should satisfy " green, environmental protection, new ideas, efficient ".So far there are no is disclosed or uses to a kind of radiation source lamination carbon nanotube battery device in parallel.
Claims (4)
1. radiation source carbon nanotube battery device, comprise radiation source (1), nickel-aluminium top electrode (2), carbon nano-tube absorption layer (5) with semiconductor property, molybdenum hearth electrode (6), it is characterized in that: nickel-aluminium top electrode (2) respectively with radiation source (1), zinc paste Window layer (3) links to each other, zinc paste Window layer (3) respectively with nickel-aluminium top electrode (2), cadmium sulfide cushion (4) links to each other, cadmium sulfide cushion (4) respectively with zinc paste Window layer (3), the first carbon nano-tube absorption layer (5A) links to each other, carbon nano-tube absorption layer (5) with semiconductor property has five sublayers, comprise the first carbon nano-tube absorption layer (5A), the second carbon nano-tube absorption layer (5B), the 3rd carbon nano-tube absorption layer (5C), the 4th carbon nano-tube absorption layer (5D) and the 5th carbon nano-tube absorption layer (5E), the second carbon nano-tube absorption layer (5B) respectively with the first carbon nano-tube absorption layer (5A), the 3rd carbon nano-tube absorption layer (5C) links to each other, the 4th carbon nano-tube absorption layer (5D) is the 3rd carbon nano-tube absorption layer (5C) respectively, the 5th carbon nano-tube absorption layer (5E) links to each other, and the 5th carbon nano-tube absorption layer (5E) is close to molybdenum hearth electrode (6);
Described radiation source is uniformly mixed to form by radioactive material and gold;
Described radiation source (1) is enclosed in the middle of nickel-aluminium top electrode (2), is in the negative pole end of battery;
Described zinc paste Window layer (3) is the thin layer that is between nickel-aluminium top electrode (2) and the cadmium sulfide cushion (4), connect nickel-aluminium top electrode (2) above the zinc paste Window layer (3), the following cadmium sulfide cushion (4) that connects of zinc paste Window layer (3);
Connect the carbon nano-tube absorption layer (5) with semiconductor property below the described cadmium sulfide cushion (4);
Be connected with the carbon nano-tube absorption layer (5) with semiconductor property above the described molybdenum hearth electrode (6), be connected with alumina insulating layer (7) below the molybdenum hearth electrode (6), at the bottom of the following connection of alumina insulating layer (7) stainless steel lining (8).
2. a kind of radiation source carbon nanotube battery device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described carbon nano-tube absorption layer (5) with semiconductor property is comprised of five sublayers that bandgap structure is trapezoidal profile, and the first carbon nano-tube absorption layer (5A) is that N-shaped, the second carbon nano-tube absorption layer (5B) are p+ type for Intrinsical, the 4th carbon nano-tube absorption layer (5D) for p-type, the 5th carbon nano-tube absorption layer (5E) for n-type, the 3rd carbon nano-tube absorption layer (5C).
3. a kind of radiation source carbon nanotube battery device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described the first carbon nano-tube absorption layer (5A) is close to cadmium sulfide cushion (4).
4. a kind of radiation source carbon nanotube battery device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described radiation source carbon nanotube battery device is a kind of laminated cell structure in parallel.
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| CN102544123B (en) * | 2012-02-20 | 2014-12-03 | 江苏大学 | Automatic control solar thin-film battery based on copper zinc oxide (Cu-ZnO) thin film |
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| CN101419848A (en) * | 2008-12-02 | 2009-04-29 | 江苏大学 | Flexible nano thin-film silicon cell based on radioactive element |
| CN101645317A (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2010-02-10 | 西安交通大学 | Isotope battery of carbon nano tube |
| CN201741422U (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2011-02-09 | 武汉恒河动力科技有限公司 | Radiation source carbon nano-tube battery device |
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| CN101908387A (en) | 2010-12-08 |
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