CN101906653B - Internal-circulating plating technology and special combined equipment - Google Patents
Internal-circulating plating technology and special combined equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN101906653B CN101906653B CN2010102429297A CN201010242929A CN101906653B CN 101906653 B CN101906653 B CN 101906653B CN 2010102429297 A CN2010102429297 A CN 2010102429297A CN 201010242929 A CN201010242929 A CN 201010242929A CN 101906653 B CN101906653 B CN 101906653B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an internal-circulating plating technology, which comprises the following steps of: membrane processing liquid discharged from a poaching groove; returning the generated eligible fresh water back to the poaching groove to be taken as poaching water; heating, evaporating and concentrating the generated concentrated water; heating up the plating liquid in a plating groove with the steam generated by means of heating and evaporating; transporting the generated eligible concentrated liquid to a plating groove to compensate the plating liquid; transporting the steam-condensed condensate water to a distilled water washing groove to be taken as hot distilled water; and transporting the water discharged from the distilled water washing groove to the poaching groove. The invention overcomes the defect of the prior art and abundantly realizes the reuse of waste water and the cyclic utilization of water in the plating technology, thereby really achieving the aims of energy saving and zero discharging in the plating production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the special combined equipment of internal-circulating plating technology and this technology.
Background technology
Plating is one of modern material surface-treated important means, belongs to basic industry.Traditional electroplate technology is to cause heavy metal contamination easily, also is the important object that current industrial pollution is administered.
Common high-quality multi-layer plating technology all is that the workpiece immersion rinse tank of accomplishing after this plating is electroplated is carried out rinsing, and the workpiece heat of rinsing just gets into next plating coating bath and continues plating after the distillation washing, to avoid the plating bath crossed contamination and to guarantee plating quality; Zero(ppm) water is changed after polluting; Rinse water are discharged after accomplishing rinsing, and classify by the principal constituent characteristics, in advance several kinds of processing such as broken cyanide, hexavalent chrome reduction; And then compile together into the heavy metal-containing waste water pond and carry out the pH value adjustment; Under alkaline condition, the heavy metal hydroxide coagulative precipitation is separated, filter at last and press dry into heavy metal sewage sludge, and heavy metal is separated the discharge of wastewater after up to standard.Though can reaching national environmental protection, the treatment process of this routine administers requirement; Can legally produce, but also have weak point: the first, though waste water mixes the treated discharging standards that reaches in back; But be difficult to be recycled and reused for electroplate rinsing technology; Because its foreign matter content is the purity requirement of electroplating technology water head and shoulders above, the discharging of having to has caused water resources to run off and certain pollution; The second, though the exhausted major part of each heavy metal species can both be concentrated among the mud through handling,, be difficult to effective utilization because of the heavy metal content in the mud mixes, improperly also can cause secondary pollution if store; The 3rd, hot distilled water also needs special equipment and pipeline supply; Thereby process method that should routine also fundamentally solves economically to electroplate and pollutes and the high consumption problem of resource in the end.
Also the someone invents with embrane method the heavy metal in the electroplating wastewater is recycled in recent years; But those methods all are separated wastewater treatment and Electroplating Production flow process; Because the electroplate liquid metal concentration content that the threshold concentration (about 20 grams per liters) that can reach with the concentrated heavy metal of membrane separation process recovery is merely used from Electroplating Production also has the gap about five times; With electronickelling waste water is example, and existing state-of-the-art technology is to handle with three grades of films, and the limit content that reclaims concentrated nickel ion is reached about 20 grams per liters; And the nickel ion concentration of normal electronickelling is about 100 grams per liters; Both differ about 5 times, and this just forces existing plating waste water heavy metal recycling flow process and Electroplating Production flow process to be separated, because this method can not effectively be crossed over the concentration difference distance about five times; Secondly, in existing heavy metal recovery technology scheme, all only pay attention to the recovery of metal and do not pay attention to the recycling and the running balance problem of water, thereby can't form closed cycle production.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed to the problem that prior art exists; The recovery and the electroplate technology flow process of plating bath in the plating production process (comprising heavy metal) and water are combined closely; Become one, promptly plating bath is taken out of the rule that concentration spreads in water by workpiece from electroplating process, in conjunction with the processing requirement of electroplating process; Forming a cover meets the electroplating technology requirement and closes circulation and plating bath closed loop system with the corresponding water of electroplating parts flow process; Thereby really realize the green production target of electroplating sewerage zero release, and combine the abundant reasonable energy utilization of electroplating technology characteristics, reach the requirement of energy-conservation production.
For achieving the above object; Internal-circulating plating technology provided by the invention; It thes contents are as follows: the rinse tank liquid effluent carries out film to be handled, and the qualified fresh water of generation is returned to rinse tank as rinsing water, and the dense water of generation carries out heating evaporation and concentrates; The steam that heating evaporation produces heats the plating bath in the coating bath; The qualified liquid concentrator that produces is delivered to coating bath and is replenished plating bath, and the water of condensation behind the vapor condensation is delivered to the zero(ppm) water washing trough and used hot distilled water as cleaning, and rinse tank is delivered in zero(ppm) water washing trough water outlet.
Internal-circulating plating technology with above-mentioned setting; Handle the fresh water that obtains through film and be used for the electroplating parts rinsing as the first reuse water source; Solve Electroplating Production through the collection to steam condensate as the second reuse water source and come source problem with zero(ppm) water, the water that will distill then after washing is used is used for rinsing water.Because the water of condensation that produces behind the vapor condensation also can remain with certain surplus temperature, utilizes this surplus temperature, just hot distilled water can also strengthen the cleaning performance of zero(ppm) water to workpiece.The present invention has not only realized the closed cycle use of various scouring waters and electroplate liquid like this; And make full use of the steam thermal energy that is produced when heating evaporation concentrates; Realized the second stage employ of the energy; The zero(ppm) water of its generation also is fully used, thereby has really reached the purpose of the energy-conservation nothing discharging of Electroplating Production.Wherein, eligiblely refer to fresh water that film handle to produce it meets that rinsing water requires and the ionic concn of liquid concentrator and the example concentration basically identical of plating bath in the rinse tank.In addition, steam should be to carry out through carrier to the heating of plating bath, such as the pipeline that places plating bath, is penetrated in the plating bath as long as can stop the water droplet of water vapor or its condensation generation, does not exist diluting effect to get final product to plating bath.
This optimal process is set to: the rinse tank liquid effluent carries out multistage film to be handled; Wherein the dense water of X level film processing generation carries out the processing of X+1 level film; The fresh water that produces carries out X-1 level film again to be handled; And first step film is handled the fresh water that produces and is delivered to rinse tank as rinsing water, and the last step film is handled the dense water that produces and carried out the evaporation concentration processing, and wherein X is the positive integer more than or equal to 2.
Internal-circulating plating technology with above-mentioned setting from the consideration of fresh water intermediate ion concentration, fully carries out film with the rinse tank liquid effluent and handles, but isolate reuse fresh water, increases the reclamation rate of water resources.Wherein, handle if having only the rinse tank liquid effluent only to carry out the one-level film, then dense water directly carries out evaporation concentration to be handled, and fresh water enters into rinse tank; Handle if carry out the secondary film, then the dense water that deals of first step film carries out second stage film and handles, and fresh water enters into rinse tank, and the dense water that second stage film deals carries out evaporation concentration to be handled, and fresh water carries out first step film place again, by that analogy.In addition; Need to prove that the dense water of indication and fresh water are the denotions that there was the liquid of difference in two types of ionic concns of generation after each grade film was handled here, dense water is meant the liquid that ionic concn is higher relatively; Fresh water is meant the liquid that ionic concn is relatively low; Obviously, films at different levels are handled between its dense water of back or all can be there are differences between the fresh water, and first step film is handled the fresh water that produces and met the rinse tank water and require.
This technology further preferably is set to: the dense water that the film processing produces carries out the negative pressure heating evaporation and concentrates.
Internal-circulating plating technology with above-mentioned setting has reduced the boiling point of dense water through the decline of air pressure, and it is rapider to make dense water boiling vaporization form steam, simultaneously steam also more easily liquefaction form zero(ppm) water.
This technology further preferably is set to: the treatment process that the said first time, film was handled is electrodialysis process or reverse-osmosis treated, and film is handled beginning for the second time, and its treatment process is electrodialysis process; Film is handled the dense hydromining that produces and is carried out the evaporation concentration processing with electrically heated or steam heating.
Internal-circulating plating technology with above-mentioned setting has fully taken into account the each side requirement, has reduced the cost of technology and has optimized treatment effect, makes technology more practical.Wherein, if only exist the one-level film to handle, then select electrodialysis or reverse-osmosis treated for use.
The present invention also provides a kind of special combined equipment of and above-mentioned process matching simultaneously; Comprise at least one zero(ppm) water washing trough, at least one washes water-in and zero(ppm) water washing trough and washes out rinse tank, at least one coating bath that mouth is communicated with; It is characterized in that: also comprise film treater that at least one group of water-in and rinse tank wash out the mouth of a river and be communicated with, at least one is communicated with film treater water outlet and the evaporation concentrator that is communicated with coating bath through the plating bath return line, at least one is communicated with the evaporation concentrator vapour outlet and place the coating bath interchanger of coating bath and the distillation condensation water pot that at least one is communicated with the coating bath heat exchanger exit; Described distillation condensation water pot is communicated with through condensing water conduit with distillation washing import; Wherein, Every group of film treater is equipped with dense water water outlet and fresh water water outlet; Dense water water outlet is provided with dense water pipe and is communicated with the water-in of back group film treater; The fresh water water outlet is provided with fresh water pipe and is communicated with the water-in of preceding group of film treater, and the fresh water water outlet of first group of film treater is provided with the fresh water return line and is communicated with rinsing trough washery water-in, and dense water water outlet of last group film treater is provided with the concentrated stream siphunculus and is communicated with evaporation concentrator.
Internal-circulating plating technology special combined equipment with above-mentioned setting, the rinse tank liquid effluent gets into the film treater, and film treater fresh water is back to rinse tank; Dense water gets into evaporation concentrator and carries out the evaporation concentration processing, and liquid concentrator is back in the coating bath, and steam entering coating bath interchanger heats the plating bath of coating bath; Water of condensation behind the vapor condensation is collected in the distillation condensation water pot, is back to use the zero(ppm) water washing trough, and zero(ppm) water washing trough water outlet gets into rinse tank; So just realized the closed cycle use of rinse water and electroplate liquid; Each device is through the organic connection of pipeline, and is all linked with one another, and being provided with of entire equipment is very rationally compact.And the dense water of every group of film treater generation just can be handled through dense water pipe successively, and fresh water then refluxes through fresh water pipe and carries out last film processing again.Wherein, if having only one group of film treater, the dense water water outlet of film treater is just directly gone into concentrated water drainage in evaporation concentrator through the concentrated stream siphunculus, and the fresh water water outlet just directly is drained into fresh water in the rinse tank through the fresh water return line.In addition; Need to prove; Here the dense water of indication and fresh water are the denotions that there was the liquid of difference in two types of ionic concns of generation after each grade film was handled, and dense water is meant the liquid that ionic concn is higher relatively, and fresh water is meant the liquid that ionic concn is relatively low; Obviously, films at different levels are handled between its dense water of back or all can be there are differences between the fresh water.
Special combined equipment of the present invention further is set to: described distillation condensation water pot also is communicated with the vacuum pump that is provided with formation distillation condensation water pot, coating bath interchanger and evaporation concentrator condition of negative pressure.
Internal-circulating plating technology special combined equipment with above-mentioned setting; To the operation of bleeding of distillation condensation water pot, because each parts is connected state, so coating bath interchanger and evaporation concentrator also are in negative pressure state simultaneously through vacuum pump; So just having formed the negative pressure heating evaporation concentrates; Dense water in the evaporation concentrator is vaporized more easily form steam, also liquefaction more easily of steam simultaneously forms zero(ppm) water in distillation condensation water pot.Certainly, vacuum pump also can be connected on coating bath interchanger or the evaporation concentrator, but its effect is all selected good not as the present invention.
Special combined equipment of the present invention preferably is set to: described first group of film treater is electrodialysis process device or reverse osmosis water treater, and since second group of film treater, the film treater is the electrodialysis process device.
Internal-circulating plating technology special combined equipment with above-mentioned setting utilizes the efficient processing of reverse osmosis water, and fresh water is recycled to greatest extent, combines electrodialysis process again, and the rinse tank liquid effluent is repeatedly reclaimed, and utilizes fully.
Special combined equipment of the present invention further preferably is set to again: described evaporation concentrator is withstand voltage corrosion resistant electrically heated integral type vaporizer.
Internal-circulating plating technology special combined equipment with above-mentioned setting can be saved manufacturing cost to greatest extent, and the heating evaporation that simultaneously more convenient film is handled the dense water that produces concentrates.
Special combined equipment of the present invention further is set to again: described concentrated stream siphunculus is provided with dense water pump and dense water valve, and described condensing water conduit is provided with condensate pump and condensation water valve, described plating bath return line are provided with the plating bath reverse flow valve.
Internal-circulating plating technology special combined equipment with above-mentioned setting just can be realized real-time red-tape operati through each valve and the break-make of water pump control pipeline and the operation of liquid.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is done further introduction.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an internal-circulating plating technology special combined equipment structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
The rinse tank liquid effluent carries out the first-stage reverse osmosis film altogether to be handled; The qualified fresh water that produces is returned to rinse tank as rinsing water; The dense water that produces carries out heating evaporation and concentrates, and heating means are selected electrically heated, and the steam that heating evaporation produces heats the plating bath in the coating bath; The qualified liquid concentrator that produces is delivered to coating bath and is replenished plating bath; Water of condensation behind the vapor condensation is delivered to the zero(ppm) water washing trough and is used hot distilled water as cleaning, and rinse tank is delivered in zero(ppm) water washing trough water outlet, has constituted a closed cycle like this.
The rinse tank liquid effluent carries out the two-stage film altogether to be handled, and the first step is a reverse osmosis membrane processing, and the second stage is that electrodialytic membranes is handled; First step film is handled the qualified fresh water that produces be returned to rinse tank as rinsing water, the dense water of generation carries out second stage film to be handled, and the fresh water foldback that film processing in the second stage produces carries out first step film to be handled; Dense water carries out heating evaporation and concentrates; Heating means are selected steam heating, adopt the negative pressure heating evaporation simultaneously, and the steam that heating evaporation produces heats the plating bath in the coating bath; The qualified liquid concentrator that produces is delivered to coating bath and is replenished plating bath; Water of condensation behind the vapor condensation is delivered to the zero(ppm) water washing trough and is used hot distilled water as cleaning, and rinse tank is delivered in zero(ppm) water washing trough water outlet, has constituted a closed cycle like this.
The most preferred embodiment of present device is to select four utmost point four-part form electrodialyzers of adaptation high flow velocities as first group of film treater; It is one-level film treater 3; Same four utmost point four-part form electrodialyzers of selecting are as second group of film treater, and promptly secondary film treater 4 and two groups of film treaters only are set has so reached the processing requirements of electroplating wastewater; Select withstand voltage corrosion resistant electrically heated vaporizer as evaporation concentrator 5, select withstand voltage corrosion resistant curved shape interchanger as coating bath interchanger 7; Mouthful 12 connections that wash out of washing water-in 22 and zero(ppm) water washing trough 1 of countercurrent rinsing groove 2; The water outlet 21 of countercurrent rinsing groove 2 is communicated with the water-in 33 of one-level film treater 3; The fresh water water outlet 31 of one-level film treater 3 is provided with fresh water return line 311 and is communicated with the water-in 22 of washing of countercurrent rinsing groove 2; Dense water water outlet 32 is provided with dense water pipe 321 and is communicated with secondary film treater 4 water-ins 41; The fresh water water outlet 43 of secondary film treater 4 is provided with fresh water pipe 431 and is communicated with the water-in 33 of one-level film treater 3, and dense water water outlet 42 is provided with concentrated stream siphunculus 421 and is communicated with evaporation concentrator 5, and evaporation concentrator 5 is provided with plating bath return line 51 and is communicated with coating bath 6; The vapour outlet of evaporation concentrator 5 is communicated with coating bath interchanger 7; Coating bath interchanger 7 is to place coating bath 6 plating bath being heated through steam, and the outlet of coating bath interchanger 7 is communicated with distillation condensation water pot 8, and this distillation condensation water pot 8 is provided with condensing water conduit 81 and is communicated with the import 11 of washing of zero(ppm) water washing trough 1; Constitute the utilization of hot distilled water like this; In concentrated stream siphunculus 421, be provided with simultaneously dense water pump 4211 and dense water valve 4212, be provided with plating bath reverse flow valve 511 in the plating bath return line 51, condensing water conduit 81 is provided with condensate pump 811 and condensation water valve 812; Form the break-make control of liquid between each device like this; And each device integral body constitutes the internal-circulation type technology of Electroplating Production, simultaneously, also a vacuum pump 9 is being set to form the condition of negative pressure of the pipeline between evaporation concentrator 5, coating bath interchanger 7 and filling 8 of distillation water of condensation and the above-mentioned parts on the tank body of distillation condensation water pot 8 in the present embodiment.Wherein, the one-level film is handled 3 and can be adopted four groups of parallel reverse osmosis membrane processing devices.
(cleaning of considering zero(ppm) water washing trough 1 is the switching process between the different platings during entire equipment operation; Therefore begin explanation from rinse tank 2); Earlier the countercurrent rinsing draining in the countercurrent rinsing groove 2 is introduced one-level film treater 3 water-ins 33 from washing out the mouth of a river 21; Carry out the film processing first time by one-level film treater 3, the one-level film is handled the fresh water that obtains be used for the electroplating parts rinsing as the first reuse water source through the water-in 22 of washing that fresh water return line 311 is back to countercurrent rinsing groove 2; The one-level film is handled the dense water that obtains introduce secondary film treater 4 water-ins 41, carry out the secondary film by secondary film treater 4 and handle through dense water pipe 321; The fresh water that comes out after the secondary film handled is back to one-level film water-in 33 through the fresh water pipe 431 of fresh water water outlet 43, gets into one-level film treater 3 again and handles; And the dense water that comes out after the secondary film handled injects evaporation concentrators to carry out heating evaporation 5 second month in a season concentrated through being located at dense water pump 4211 and dense water valve 4212 on the concentrated stream siphunculus 421 that is communicated with dense water water outlet 42; 52 heating of evaporation concentrator 5 usefulness well heaters, well heater 52 is selected electrical heating type, and it is heated to boiling with liquid concentrator and produces steam; With pipeline this steam is imported coating bath interchanger 7, the plating bath in the coating bath 6 is heated, so that plating bath satisfies the working temperature requirement; (for example: nickel plating, alkaline copper plating, chromium plating etc. all need be heated plating bath); After 7 heat exchange of coating bath interchanger, steam condensate is collected in distillation condensation water pot 8, ponding is delivered to zero(ppm) water trough washery import 11 with it with suitable flow with condensate pump 811 when a certain amount of; Get into zero(ppm) water washing trough 1; Solve Electroplating Production as the second reuse water source and come source problem with hot distilled water, with clean with after water through distillation tank 1 wash out mouthfuls 12 deliver to countercurrent rinsing groove 1 wash water-in 22, be used for rinsing; In evaporation concentrator 5, be concentrated near the liquid concentrator of electroplate liquid concentration and get back to coating bath 6 through the plating bath reverse flow valve 511 on the plating bath return line 51; The present invention has realized that not only the closed circuit internal recycle of rinse water and electroplate liquid uses like this; And the steam thermal energy that is produced when making full use of evaporation concentration liquid; Realized the second stage employ of the energy through the coating bath interchanger; The hot distilled water of its generation also is fully used, thereby has really reached the purpose of the energy-conservation nothing discharging of Electroplating Production.
Claims (6)
1. internal-circulating plating technology is characterized in that: the rinse tank liquid effluent carries out film to be handled, and the qualified fresh water of generation is returned to rinse tank as rinsing water; The dense water that produces carries out heating evaporation and concentrates, and the steam that heating evaporation produces heats the plating bath in the coating bath, and the qualified liquid concentrator of generation is delivered to coating bath and replenished plating bath; Water of condensation behind the vapor condensation is delivered to the zero(ppm) water washing trough and is used hot distilled water as cleaning; Rinse tank is delivered in zero(ppm) water washing trough water outlet, and the rinse tank liquid effluent carries out multistage film to be handled, and wherein the dense water of X level film processing generation carries out the processing of X+1 level film; The fresh water that produces carries out X-1 level film again to be handled; And first step film is handled the fresh water that produces and is delivered to rinse tank as rinsing water, and the last step film is handled the dense water that produces and carried out the evaporation concentration processing, and wherein X is the positive integer more than or equal to 2; The dense water that the film processing produces carries out the negative pressure heating evaporation and concentrates; The treatment process that the said first time, film was handled is a reverse-osmosis treated, and film is handled beginning for the second time, and its treatment process is electrodialysis process.
2. internal-circulating plating technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: film is handled the dense hydromining that produces and is carried out the evaporation concentration processing with electrically heated or steam heating.
3. the special combined equipment of an above-mentioned technology; Comprise at least one zero(ppm) water washing trough, at least one washes water-in and zero(ppm) water washing trough and washes out rinse tank, at least one coating bath that mouth is communicated with; It is characterized in that: also comprise film treater that at least one group of water-in and rinse tank wash out the mouth of a river and be communicated with, at least one is communicated with film treater water outlet and the evaporation concentrator that is communicated with coating bath through the plating bath return line, at least one is communicated with the evaporation concentrator vapour outlet and place the coating bath interchanger of coating bath and the distillation condensation water pot that at least one is communicated with the coating bath heat exchanger exit; Described distillation condensation water pot is communicated with through condensing water conduit with distillation washing import; Wherein, Every group of film treater is equipped with dense water water outlet and fresh water water outlet; Dense water water outlet is provided with dense water pipe and is communicated with the water-in of back group film treater, and the fresh water water outlet is provided with fresh water pipe and is communicated with the water-in of preceding group of film treater, and the fresh water water outlet of first group of film treater is provided with the fresh water return line and is communicated with rinsing trough washery water-in; The dense water water outlet of last group film treater is provided with the concentrated stream siphunculus and is communicated with evaporation concentrator; Described first group of film treater is the electrodialysis process device, and since second group of film treater, the film treater is the electrodialysis process device.
4. special combined equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described distillation condensation water pot also is communicated with the vacuum pump that is provided with formation distillation condensation water pot, coating bath interchanger and evaporation concentrator condition of negative pressure.
5. according to claim 3 or 4 described special combined equipments, it is characterized in that: described evaporation concentrator is withstand voltage corrosion resistant electrically heated integral type vaporizer.
6. special combined equipment according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described concentrated stream siphunculus is provided with dense water pump and dense water valve, and described condensing water conduit is provided with condensate pump and condensation water valve, described plating bath return line are provided with the plating bath reverse flow valve.
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| CN103255419A (en) * | 2012-02-15 | 2013-08-21 | 库特勒自动化系统(苏州)有限公司 | Recovery system and recovery method of waste system in photocell wet process |
| CN105603499A (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-05-25 | 遵义长征电器电力设备表面处理有限公司 | Electrolytic bath washing device |
| CN108249494A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2018-07-06 | 太仓市诚可盛机械设备有限公司 | A kind of water-saving waste liquid high efficiency recovery processing technique |
| CN107119311A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-09-01 | 昆山福仕电子材料工业有限公司 | The quick clean online plating solution negative pressure evaporation reuse method of electronickelling production line and equipment |
| CN110512270A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2019-11-29 | 常德威尔博金属表面处理有限责任公司 | A kind of plating pollution emission reduction device |
| CN114836814A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-08-02 | 智程半导体设备科技(昆山)有限公司 | Electroplating liquid circulation system |
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| JP2000273649A (en) * | 1999-03-19 | 2000-10-03 | Zenken:Kk | Nickel plating equipment |
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