CN211946640U - System for treating cadmium-containing wastewater generated in cadmium telluride thin film solar cell production - Google Patents
System for treating cadmium-containing wastewater generated in cadmium telluride thin film solar cell production Download PDFInfo
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- CN211946640U CN211946640U CN201922182824.6U CN201922182824U CN211946640U CN 211946640 U CN211946640 U CN 211946640U CN 201922182824 U CN201922182824 U CN 201922182824U CN 211946640 U CN211946640 U CN 211946640U
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Abstract
A system for treating cadmium-containing wastewater produced in the production of cadmium telluride thin film solar cells comprising: the device comprises a reaction tank, a circulating concentration tank, a tubular microfiltration membrane system, a pretreatment clarified water tank, a multi-stage membrane concentration system and a triple-effect evaporative crystallization system. The cadmium-containing wastewater treatment process and the system do not need a catalyst, the tubular membrane pre-clarification system is adopted, the tubular membrane filtration technology is adopted, namely, the pH is adjusted, the precipitation clarification effect is ensured, after the cadmium ion removal water quality is clarified, the wastewater enters the multi-stage membrane concentration system, the membrane desalination rate can reach more than 99%, the fresh water salt content is stable and less than or equal to 100mg/L, the ultra-pure water with the concentration of more than or equal to 10M omega cm can be directly prepared, and the wastewater is concentrated to less than 10% by the membrane concentration desalination system, so that the evaporation capacity is greatly reduced; a triple-effect evaporation crystallization system is adopted, evaporation condensate is recycled to an ultrapure water device to be used as raw water, and evaporation crystallization residues and pretreated sludge are used as hazardous solid waste for outsourcing treatment. The whole process system forms closed circulation, thereby achieving the zero discharge of the cadmium-containing wastewater in the real sense.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a wastewater treatment system, in particular to a system for treating cadmium-containing wastewater generated in the production of cadmium telluride thin film solar cells.
Background
Heavy metal pollution has become a hot problem in China society, and the environmental protection department has been pointed out for all ages that the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution are put in more urgent and more important positions, the heavy metal pollution is vigorously prevented and controlled, and the outstanding environmental problem which harms the health of the masses is really solved. According to the requirements of the national ' twelve-five ' planning for comprehensive control of heavy metal pollution ', by 2015, indexes of heavy metal pollutants such as lead, mercury, cadmium, chromium, metalloid arsenic and the like in urban centralized surface water drinking water basically reach the standard, and key enterprises realize stable standard emission; the total emission amount of key heavy metal pollutants in a national control key area is reduced by 15% compared with that in 2007, and the environmental quality is improved; the total emission amount of heavy metal pollutants in the provincial and controlled key area is reduced by 5 percent compared with that in 2007; the total emission amount of key heavy metal pollutants in a non-key area does not exceed the level of 2007, heavy metal pollution is effectively controlled, cadmium is the key heavy metal pollutant to be controlled, and the equal replacement, the reduced replacement or the zero emission of new heavy metal capacity and obsolete capacity are required.
The cadmium telluride thin-film solar cell has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, good weak light property and strong temperature stability, is an pioneering achievement in the global photovoltaic field, is a new generation of most competitive commercial thin-film solar cell, and has important significance for promoting the development core growth of new energy and opening up the industrial chain of the thin-film solar cell in China all the way. Cadmium-containing heavy metal wastewater can be generated in the production process of the thin-film solar cell, and how to treat the wastewater generated in the production process of the thin-film solar cell is a problem of special attention of many solar manufacturers.
The existing cadmium-containing wastewater generally adopts the processes of pretreatment, reverse osmosis concentration, coagulating sedimentation and ion exchange resin treatment, and reverse osmosis fresh water is used for preparing ultrapure water raw water. The utility model (patent number: 201820615559.9) discloses a cadmium-containing wastewater resource recovery system and an integrated device, which comprises a sand filter, a carbon filter, a security filter, a first-stage NF membrane component, a second-stage NF membrane component and an ion exchange resin tank which are sequentially connected by pipelines, wherein a concentrated water outlet pipeline of the first-stage NF membrane component is connected with the second-stage NF membrane component, and a produced water outlet pipeline of the first-stage NF membrane component is connected with the ion exchange resin tank and a cleaning water tank; a concentrated water outlet pipeline of the second-stage NF membrane component is connected with the coagulation reaction box, a produced water outlet pipeline of the second-stage NF membrane component is connected with the ion exchange resin tank and the cleaning water tank, and the cleaning water tank respectively cleans the first-stage NF membrane component and the second-stage NF membrane component through a cleaning water pump; the water separated by the ion exchange resin tank is discharged or recycled after reaching the standard.
The technical scheme has the following defects: 1) because the pretreatment effect is poor, the reverse osmosis fresh water is used for preparing raw water of ultrapure water, and the water quality is poor; 2) the treatment by adopting a coagulating sedimentation and ion exchange resin adsorption process can generate a large amount of cadmium-containing waste resin during the treatment, and the waste resin is outsourced to regeneration and is only the transfer and circulation of the cadmium-containing waste water; 3) the whole treatment process does not achieve the effect of zero emission; 4) the whole treatment process is complicated, large in occupied area, high in operation cost and general in treatment effect.
Therefore, a system specially used for treating cadmium-containing wastewater generated in the production of cadmium telluride thin film solar cells is needed to be specially designed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a system for treating cadmium-containing wastewater generated by cadmium telluride thin film solar cell production, which comprises: the reaction tank is internally provided with a stirring device and is used for neutralizing and stirring the cadmium-containing wastewater; the water outlet of the reaction tank is connected with the water inlet of the circulating concentration tank; a water inlet of the tubular microfiltration membrane system is connected with a water outlet of the cyclic concentration tank, and a concentrated solution water outlet of the tubular microfiltration membrane system is connected with the cyclic concentration tank; the water inlet of the pretreatment clarified water tank is connected with the clear liquid outlet of the tubular microfiltration membrane system; a water inlet of the multi-stage membrane concentration system is connected with a water outlet of the pretreatment clarified water tank, and a water outlet of the multi-stage membrane concentration system is connected with an ultrapure water device; the water inlet of the concentrated water tank is connected with the water outlet of the multi-stage membrane concentration system; and a water inlet of the triple-effect evaporative crystallization system is connected with a water outlet of the concentrated water tank, and a condensate water outlet of the triple-effect evaporative crystallization system is connected with the ultrapure water device.
Preferably, the circulating concentration tank is also connected with a sludge concentration and pressure filtration system.
Preferably, the sludge concentration and pressure filtration system comprises a sludge concentration tank and a pressure filter, wherein a stirring device is arranged in the sludge concentration tank, the sludge concentration tank is connected with the pressure filter through a pipeline, and a water pump is arranged on the pipeline.
Preferably, the reaction tank is provided in plurality.
Preferably, a plurality of layers of reverse osmosis membranes are arranged in the multistage membrane concentration system.
The technical scheme has the following beneficial effects: the cadmium-containing wastewater treatment system does not need a catalyst, and adopts a tubular membrane filtration technology through a tubular membrane pre-clarification system, namely, the pH is adjusted, the precipitation clarification effect is ensured, and the introduction of PAC and PAM added by conventional coagulating sedimentation is reduced; after cadmium ions are removed, the water is clarified, the wastewater enters a multi-stage membrane concentration system, the membrane desalination rate can reach more than 99%, the fresh water salt content is stable and less than or equal to 100mg/L, the fresh water can be directly made into ultrapure water of more than or equal to 10M omega cm, the membrane concentration desalination system concentrates the wastewater to be less than 10%, and the evaporation capacity is greatly reduced; the concentrated solution after passing through the multi-stage membrane concentration system enters an evaporation crystallization system, a triple effect evaporation crystallization system is adopted, the evaporation concentration of an evaporator is 0.2% -2.5%, evaporation condensate is recycled to an ultrapure water device to be used as raw water, and evaporation crystallization residues and pretreated sludge are used as hazardous solid waste for ex-situ treatment. The whole process system forms closed circulation, thereby achieving the zero discharge of the cadmium-containing wastewater in the real sense.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a system diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the utility model discloses embodiment sludge concentration filter pressing system's schematic structure diagram.
1. A raw water tank; 2. a water pump; 3. a first reaction tank; 31. a stirring device; 4. a second reaction tank; 41. a stirring device; 5. a circulating concentration tank; 51. a stirring device; 6. a tubular microfiltration membrane system; 7. a sludge concentration and filter pressing system; 71. a sludge concentration tank; 72. a stirring device; 73. a water pump; 74. a filter press; 8. pretreating a clarified water tank; 9. ultrapure water equipment; 10. a multi-stage membrane concentration system; 11. a concentrated water tank; 12. triple effect evaporative crystallization system.
Detailed Description
The following description is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description.
Please refer to fig. 1 and 2. It should be understood that the structure, ratio, size and the like shown in the drawings attached to the present specification are only used for matching with the content disclosed in the specification, so as to be known and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used for limiting the limit conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical essential meaning, and any structure modification, ratio relationship change or size adjustment should still fall within the scope that the technical content disclosed in the present invention can cover without affecting the function that the present invention can produce and the purpose that the present invention can achieve. Meanwhile, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for convenience of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or adjustments of the relative relationship thereof may be made without substantial technical changes, and the present invention is also regarded as the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present patent discloses a system for treating cadmium-containing wastewater generated in the production of cadmium telluride thin film solar cells, comprising: the device comprises a first reaction tank 3, a second reaction tank 4, a circulating concentration tank 5, a tubular microfiltration membrane system 6, a pretreatment clarified water tank 8, an ultrapure water device 9, a multistage membrane concentration system 10, a concentrated water tank 11 and a triple effect evaporative crystallization system 12. The number of the reaction tanks may be plural as required. Be equipped with agitating unit 31 in the first reaction tank 3, be equipped with agitating unit 41 in the second reaction tank 4, the water inlet and the former water tank 1 of first reaction tank 3 are connected, and former water tank 1 is used for placing the cadmium-containing waste water that will purify, is equipped with water pump 2 on the water inlet of first reaction tank 3 and the former water tank 1 connecting tube. The delivery port of first reaction tank 3 is connected with the water inlet of second reaction tank 4, the delivery port of second reaction tank 4 is connected with the water inlet of circulation concentrator tank 5, the water inlet of tubular microfiltration membrane system 6 is connected with the delivery port of circulation concentrator tank 5, tubular microfiltration membrane system 6 is equipped with tubular microfiltration membrane, through the suspended solid of tubular microfiltration membrane in with the waste water, granule such as heavy metal separates, tubular microfiltration membrane system 6 includes concentrate delivery port and clear solution delivery port, the concentrate delivery port is used for discharging the more waste water that contains the foreign particles, the clear solution export is used for discharging the waste water after the purification. And a concentrated solution outlet of the tubular microfiltration membrane system 6 is connected with the circulating concentration tank 5 and is used for realizing the circulating purification of the cadmium-containing wastewater.
The water inlet of the pretreatment clarified water tank 8 is connected with the clear liquid outlet of the tubular microfiltration membrane system 6, the water inlet of the multi-stage membrane concentration system 10 is connected with the water outlet of the pretreatment clarified water tank 8, and the water outlet of the multi-stage membrane concentration system 10 is connected with the ultrapure water device 9; the water inlet of the concentrated water tank 11 is connected with the water outlet of the multi-stage membrane concentration system 10, and a plurality of layers of reverse osmosis membranes are arranged in the multi-stage membrane concentration system 10 and used for performing reverse osmosis treatment on the wastewater, wherein the quantity of the reverse osmosis can be increased or decreased according to the quality of the water quality. The water inlet of the triple-effect evaporative crystallization system 12 is connected with the water outlet of the concentrated water tank 11, and the condensed water outlet of the triple-effect evaporative crystallization system 12 is connected with the ultrapure water device 9.
In a preferred embodiment, the circulation concentration tank 5 is further connected to a sludge concentration and pressure filtration system 7, the sludge concentration and pressure filtration system 7 comprises a sludge concentration tank 71 and a pressure filter 74, a stirring device 72 is arranged in the sludge concentration tank 71, the sludge concentration tank 71 is connected to the pressure filter through a pipeline, and a water pump 73 is arranged on the pipeline. The sludge concentration and filter pressing system 7 is arranged, after the wastewater in the circulation concentration tank 5 reaches a certain concentration or liquid level height, in order to improve the efficiency of wastewater treatment, the wastewater in the circulation concentration tank 5 can be directly emptied to the sludge concentration and filter pressing system 7, and the sludge concentration and filter pressing system 7 is used for filter pressing the wastewater into sludge and carrying out dangerous solid waste treatment.
The process for treating cadmium-containing wastewater generated in the production of the cadmium telluride thin film solar cell by adopting the system comprises the following steps:
firstly, cadmium-containing waste water in a raw water tank 1 is conveyed into a first reaction tank 3 through a water pump 2, alkaline agents are heated into the first reaction tank 3 and are stirred through a stirring device 31, the cadmium-containing waste water is neutralized, in order to play a better neutralization role, a second reaction tank 4 can be further arranged, the waste water in the first reaction tank 3 flows into the second reaction tank 4, and sodium carbonate is added into the second reaction tank 4 to further neutralize the waste water.
Then the cadmium-containing waste water in the second reaction tank 4 flows into the circulating concentration tank 5 after being stirred, the cadmium-containing waste water is filtered by the tubular microfiltration membrane system 6 after flowing into the tubular microfiltration membrane system 6, the waste water passing through the tubular microfiltration membrane system 6 is divided into two parts, one part is waste water clear liquid containing less heavy metals, the other part is waste water concentrated liquid containing floaters and more heavy metals, the waste water concentrated liquid flows into the circulating concentration tank again through the concentrated liquid outlet for recirculation, and the waste water clear liquid flows into the pre-treatment clarified water tank 8 through the clear liquid outlet. The tubular microfiltration membrane system 6 is adopted to pretreat the wastewater, so that the cadmium ion interception efficiency can be greatly improved.
The clear wastewater in the pre-treatment clarified water tank 8 is filtered by a multi-stage membrane concentration system 10, the multi-stage membrane concentration system 10 adopts reverse osmosis filtration, and reverse osmosis membranes with different stages can be set according to the quality of water. The concentrated water filtered by the multi-stage membrane concentration system flows into a concentrated water tank 11, and the filtered fresh water flows into a ultrapure water device 9 for standby. The multi-stage membrane concentration system is adopted, the evaporation capacity is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the fresh water and the evaporation condensate generated by the multi-stage membrane concentration system do not contain cadmium ions, so that the recycling can be realized. And finally, enabling the concentrated water in the concentrated water tank 11 to flow into a triple-effect evaporation crystallization system 12, and carrying out evaporation crystallization on the concentrated water through the triple-effect evaporation crystallization system 12, wherein the evaporation concentration of the triple-effect evaporation crystallization system is 0.2% -2.5%, the evaporated condensed water flows into an ultrapure water device 9 to be used as raw water, and the evaporation crystallization residues are treated as dangerous solid wastes.
In order to further improve the efficiency, when the cadmium-containing wastewater in the circulating concentration tank reaches a certain concentration or capacity, the cadmium-containing wastewater in the circulating concentration tank can be emptied to the sludge concentration and filter pressing system 7 and treated by the sludge concentration and filter pressing system. The sludge formed after the treatment should also be disposed of as hazardous solid waste.
The cadmium-containing wastewater treatment process does not need a catalyst, adopts a tubular membrane filtration technology through a tubular membrane pre-clarification system, namely, the pH is adjusted, the precipitation clarification effect is ensured, and the introduction of PAC and PAM added by conventional coagulating sedimentation is reduced; after cadmium ions are removed, the water is clarified, the wastewater enters a multi-stage membrane concentration system, the membrane desalination rate can reach more than 99%, the fresh water salt content is stable and less than or equal to 100mg/L, the fresh water can be directly made into ultrapure water of more than or equal to 10M omega cm, the membrane concentration desalination system concentrates the wastewater to be less than 10%, and the evaporation capacity is greatly reduced; the concentrated solution after passing through the multi-stage membrane concentration system enters an evaporation crystallization system, a triple effect evaporation crystallization system is adopted, the evaporation concentration of an evaporator is 0.2% -2.5%, evaporation condensate is recycled to an ultrapure water device to be used as raw water, and evaporation crystallization residues and pretreated sludge are used as hazardous solid waste for ex-situ treatment. The process system is stable in treatment, the whole system is good in stability, and the impact resistance is strong; the whole process system forms closed circulation, thereby achieving the zero discharge of the cadmium-containing wastewater in the real sense.
By adopting the technology, a catalyst is not needed, and a reaction solvent can be recycled; the substrate of the utility model has wide application range, easy purification and high yield; after the treatment reaction is finished, pure products can be obtained only by suction filtration and washing, the operation is simple, the post-treatment is convenient, and the production cost is low. The whole process system is applied to the treatment of cadmium-containing wastewater generated in the cadmium telluride thin film solar cell industry, and the whole process achieves the effect of zero discharge of the cadmium-containing wastewater; therefore, the utility model effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Modifications and variations can be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A system for treating cadmium-containing wastewater generated in the production of cadmium telluride thin film solar cells, comprising:
the reaction tank is internally provided with a stirring device and is used for neutralizing and stirring the cadmium-containing wastewater;
the water outlet of the reaction tank is connected with the water inlet of the circulating concentration tank;
a water inlet of the tubular microfiltration membrane system is connected with a water outlet of the cyclic concentration tank, and a concentrated solution water outlet of the tubular microfiltration membrane system is connected with the cyclic concentration tank;
the water inlet of the pretreatment clarified water tank is connected with the clear liquid outlet of the tubular microfiltration membrane system;
a water inlet of the multi-stage membrane concentration system is connected with a water outlet of the pretreatment clarified water tank, and a water outlet of the multi-stage membrane concentration system is connected with an ultrapure water device;
the water inlet of the concentrated water tank is connected with the water outlet of the multi-stage membrane concentration system;
and a water inlet of the triple-effect evaporative crystallization system is connected with a water outlet of the concentrated water tank, and a condensate water outlet of the triple-effect evaporative crystallization system is connected with the ultrapure water device.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: the circular concentration tank is also connected with a sludge concentration and filter pressing system.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the system is configured to treat cadmium-containing wastewater generated during the production of cadmium telluride thin film solar cells, and further configured to: the sludge concentration and filter pressing system comprises a sludge concentration tank and a filter press, wherein a stirring device is arranged in the sludge concentration tank, the sludge concentration tank is connected with the filter press through a pipeline, and a water pump is arranged on the pipeline.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: the reaction tank is provided with a plurality of reaction tanks.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: and a multi-stage reverse osmosis membrane assembly is arranged in the multi-stage membrane concentration system.
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| CN110803819A (en) * | 2019-12-07 | 2020-02-18 | 苏州新能环境技术股份有限公司 | Process and system for treating cadmium-containing wastewater generated in cadmium telluride thin film solar cell production |
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| CN110803819A (en) * | 2019-12-07 | 2020-02-18 | 苏州新能环境技术股份有限公司 | Process and system for treating cadmium-containing wastewater generated in cadmium telluride thin film solar cell production |
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