CN101902666A - Optical code-division multiple-access (OCDMA) passive optical network system, optical distribution network device and optical line terminal - Google Patents
Optical code-division multiple-access (OCDMA) passive optical network system, optical distribution network device and optical line terminal Download PDFInfo
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- H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
- H04J14/005—Optical Code Multiplex
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
- H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
- H04J14/0278—WDM optical network architectures
- H04J14/0282—WDM tree architectures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
- H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
- H04J14/0278—WDM optical network architectures
- H04J14/0283—WDM ring architectures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
- H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
- H04J14/0227—Operation, administration, maintenance or provisioning [OAMP] of WDM networks, e.g. media access, routing or wavelength allocation
- H04J14/0241—Wavelength allocation for communications one-to-one, e.g. unicasting wavelengths
- H04J14/0242—Wavelength allocation for communications one-to-one, e.g. unicasting wavelengths in WDM-PON
- H04J2014/0253—Allocation of downstream wavelengths for upstream transmission
Abstract
The invention provides an optical code-division multiple-access (OCDMA) passive optical network system, an optical distribution network device and an optical line terminal. The system comprises the optical line terminal and an optical distribution network, wherein the optical line terminal comprises an optical transmitting module and an optical receiving module, the optical transmitting module is used for coding and outputting downstream data subjected to modulation and dense wavelength division multiplexing, and the optical receiving module is used for decoding and outputting received upstream signals; and the optical distribution network comprises a first coupler, a first signal processing module and a plurality of optical network unit groups. The first signal processing module is used for decoding one path of downstream signals outputted by the first coupler, outputting the decoded signals subjected to dense wavelength division multiplexing, coding the received upstream signals subjected to dense wavelength division multiplexing and outputting the coded upstream signals through the first coupler. The optical network unit groups are used for receiving the downstream signals outputted by the first signal processing module and outputting the received upstream signals. The capacity of access users of the traditional OCDMA passive optical network can be enlarged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of optical fiber communication, particularly relate to a kind of optical code division multiple access passive optical network, optical distribution network device and optical line terminal based on the optical code division multiple access multiplex technique.
Background technology
Develop rapidly along with computer, communication and video technique, the user constantly increases the demand of broadband business such as video, high-speed data and Digital Television, and traditional copper wire access net can not satisfy this demand, this makes the Optical Access Network with high bandwidth obtain swift and violent development, becomes one of Research of Communication Technology focus.
In Access Network, EPON (PON, Passive Optical Network) the basic tree network structure that adopts point to multiple spot, an optical line terminal (OLT, Optical Line Terminal) and a plurality of optical network unit (ONU, Optical Network Unit) links to each other, and (the ODN of optical distribution network wherein, OpticalDistribution Network) all forms by passive devices such as optical branching device, optical couplers, without any need for active electronic device and equipment, so between transmission performance and cost, can realize certain balance.Each major part and function are as follows:
Optical line terminal: the optical interface between network and the optical distribution network mainly is provided, the separable exchange and the non-reciprocal exchange of business, management is safeguarded and functions of physical supply for self provides with ONU from signaling and the monitor message of ONU.
Optical distribution network: use passive device optical splitter/coupler, connector and monomode fiber to finish the power division of light signal, adopt tree type branched structure usually.
Optical network unit: optical network unit provides the interface between user data, video, telephone network and the optical-fiber network, convert the light signal that receives to user required signal, with Optical Network Terminal (OLT, OpticalNetwork Termination) thus be used and constitute a network terminal.
Adaption function piece (AF, Adaptation Function): it can be included in the ONU, also can be independent fully, be mainly ONU and subscriber equipment provides adaption function.
PON based on different multiple access techniques mainly contains three kinds at present: based on time-multiplexed EPON (TDM-PON), based on the EPON (WDM-PON) of wavelength division multiplexing with based on the multiplexing EPON of optical code division multiple access (OCDM-PON).
OCDMA is a kind of big bandwidth and multiple access multiplexing technology of combining of the flexibility of CDMA with fiber medium, is application and the extension of CDMA technology at fiber optic communication field, has advantages such as asynchronous access, shared channel, fail safe be good.EPON (OCDMA-PON) based on the optical code division multiple access multiplex technique, its structure as shown in Figure 1, comprise optical line terminal (OLT) and optical network unit (ONU) based on optical code division multiple access technique, optical line terminal links to each other with one or more optical network units based on optical code division multiple access technique.Certainly, wherein can also comprise an optical distribution network (ODN), Optical Network Terminal is connected with one or more optical network units by optical distribution network, and optical distribution network can be coupler, spectrometer etc.
Each user is assigned unique address code or is loaded with the codec of unique address sign indicating number in ONU in OCDMA-PON.After customer traffic was modulated onto on the light carrier, by the optical encoder coding, the customer traffic behind the coding was up to OLT by optical distribution network again.In OLT, the light signal of coding is decoded by the light decoder.Decoded data flow uploads to other core net by the transmitter among the OLT again, realizes the intercommunication mutually between each ONU between different PON.The data flow that passes under the core net at the OLT end after modulation, encode by optical encoder again, data flow after will encoding then goes downwards to optical distribution network by optical-fibre channel, passes to each ONU or ONT again, recovers initial data after realizing decoding through the decoder among the ONU and also realizes receiving.
Be applied to Access Network based on the EPON (OCDMA-PON) of optical code division multiple access multiplex technique and have following several advantage: can realize the direct multiplexing of light signal and exchange, the energy dynamic bandwidth allocation, and extended network is easy, webmaster is simple, therefore is suitable for the communication service of real-time, high burst, two-forty and confidentiality.By realizing that multiple access inserts for user's distribution codeword, the user can be immediately, asynchronous access, and time delay is also very little; Security performance is good.In based on Time Division Multiplexing and wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) network, as long as with optical fiber micro-bending, use spectrometer that leak light is analyzed, can obtain, crack each road signal; And after adopting the OCDMA technology, the listener-in is under the condition that does not obtain encoding scheme and corresponding code character sequence, and what obtain is the pseudorandom light signal, and the probability that cracks each road signal is low; Light signal is handled simple.Not as WDM to the strict demand of wavelength, on the other hand, do not need the strict like that clock synchronization of TDM yet, thereby greatly reduce the cost of transceiver; Has soft capacity; OCDMA network control management is convenient; The OCDMA network can be realized the asynchronous at random access of different user; Node unit in the network is easy to realize full optical processing, the service transparency height; The different users of being distinguished by different sign indicating numbers can be relatively easy to the service quality that provides different, carry out network management flexibly.Though existing OCDMA-PON has above-mentioned advantage, the inventor finds, still there is following shortcoming in existing OCDMA-PON system:
1) the sign indicating number multiplexing number is limited, has limited the access customer number amount of system;
2) along with multiplexing number increases, crosstalking between the user increases gradually, limited the access customer number amount of system to a certain extent;
3) OCDMA is a kind of spread spectrum, needs bigger bandwidth, and the BER inherent shortcoming that the interference between the user (MUI) brings has limited the access customer number amount of system.
What WDM-PON was multiplexing is wavelength resource, same optical fiber is divided into many channels according to the difference of wavelength, be divided into Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing (CWDM, Coarse Wavelength Division Multiple) and dense wave division multipurpose (DWDM, Dense Wavelength Division Multiple) two kind, the channel spacing of CWDM is 20 nanometers, and the channel spacing of DWDM is that 0.2 nanometer is to 1.2 nanometers.DWDM improves greatly with respect to the available number of wavelengths of CWDM, but single channel supports that number of users is still limited, and the limited single channel that causes of wavelength resource costs an arm and a leg, and the capacity of whole PON structure is limited.
Summary of the invention
The optical code division multiple access passive optical network based on the optical code division multiple access multiplex technique, optical distribution network device and the optical line terminal that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of dense wave division multipurpose compatibility are with the access user capacity of the optical code division multiple access EPON that enlarges prior art.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of optical code division multiple access passive optical network, comprising:
Optical line terminal, comprise: optical transmission module, be used for the multichannel downlink data is modulated to the single wavelength or the broadband light carrier wave of different wave length, the modulated downlink data of described multichannel is become one road signal through the dense wave division multiplexer dense wave division multipurpose, the dense wave division multipurpose signal of dense wave division multiplexer output is encoded, and each the road downstream signal after will encoding merges into one tunnel output, wherein, and the coding difference that the dense wave division multipurpose signal of different dense wave division multiplexer output adopts; Optical Receivers is used to receive upward signal, and exports with the decoding of the upward signal that receives and after separating intensive wavelength division multiplexing;
Optical distribution network comprises: first coupler, be used to receive the downstream signal of described optical transmission module output, and will export behind the described downstream signal demultiplexing, and export after the multichannel upward signal that receives merged into one the tunnel; A plurality of first signal processing modules, each described first signal processing module is connected with a port of described first coupler, be used for one road downstream signal of described first coupler output is decoded, it is to export behind a plurality of single wavelength downstream signals that decoded downstream signal is separated intensive wavelength division multiplexing, and reception upward signal, the upward signal that receives is carried out encoding after the dense wave division multipurpose, and behind coding, export described Optical Receivers to, the coding difference that adopts when the first different signal processing modules is encoded to the upward signal that receives by described first coupler;
A plurality of optical network unit groups, each described optical network unit group is connected with described first signal processing module, be used to receive the downstream signal of described first signal processing module output that is connected, and receiving upstream data, the upward signal that the upstream data modulation back that receives is obtained exports first signal processing module that is connected to.
Preferably, described optical code division multiple access passive optical network, wherein, described optical transmission module comprises a plurality of modulating-coding modules and second coupler,
Each described modulating-coding module comprises:
A plurality of descending modulation modules, each described descending modulation module is used for downlink data is modulated to the single wavelength or the broadband light carrier wave of different wave length;
First dense wave division multiplexer, comprise: a plurality of input ports and an output port, each described input port is connected with a described descending modulation module, after being used for modulated downlink data dense wave division multipurpose with the described descending modulation module output that is connected and becoming one the tunnel by described output port output;
First encoder is connected with the output port of described first dense wave division multiplexer, is used for the downstream signal coding back output to described first dense wave division multiplexer output;
Described second coupler is used for exporting described optical distribution network to after downstream signal with each described modulating-coding module output merges into one the tunnel.
Preferably, described optical code division multiple access passive optical network, wherein, described Optical Receivers comprises:
The 3rd coupler is used for exporting behind the upward signal demultiplexing with described optical distribution network output;
A plurality of first decoders, each described first decoder is connected with an output port of described the 3rd coupler, is used for road decoding back output with the multichannel upward signal of described the 3rd coupler output;
A plurality of second dense wave division multiplexers, in each described second dense wave division multiplexer one is connected with described first decoder, and being used for the upward signal of exporting behind described first decoder decode is separated intensive wavelength division multiplexing is to export after the multichannel.
Preferably, described optical code division multiple access passive optical network, wherein, described first signal processing module in the described optical distribution network comprises:
Second coding/decoding module is used for a road of the multichannel downstream signal of described first coupler output back output of decoding, and exports described first coupler to behind the upward signal that will the receive coding;
The 3rd dense wave division multiplexer, after being used for the downstream signal of described second coding/decoding module output separated intensive wavelength division multiplexing and be a plurality of single wavelength downstream signals, export corresponding a plurality of optical network units to, and the multichannel upward signal that receives is carried out exporting described second coding/decoding module to after the dense wave division multipurpose.
Preferably, described optical code division multiple access passive optical network, wherein,
Described optical transmission module adopts the mode of limited extinction ratio that described downlink data is modulated;
Described optical network unit comprises:
The 4th coupler is used for exporting after downstream signal with the output of described first signal processing module is divided into two-way;
The light-receiving link is used to receive one road downstream signal of described the 4th coupler output, and recovers original downlink data;
Reflective semiconductor optical amplifier is used to receive another road downstream signal that described the 4th coupler is exported, with the data erase in the described downstream signal, with the carrier wave light source as upstream data.
Preferably, described passive optical network, wherein, described optical line terminal and/or optical distribution network utilization are encoded based on the encoder and/or the codec of Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber.
On the other hand, provide a kind of optical distribution network device, wherein, comprising:
First coupler is used for exporting behind the downstream signal demultiplexing with optical line terminal output, and exports after the multichannel upward signal that receives merged into one the tunnel;
A plurality of first signal processing modules, each described first signal processing module is connected with a port of described first coupler, be used for one road downstream signal of described first coupler output is decoded, it is to export behind a plurality of single wavelength downstream signals that decoded downstream signal is separated intensive wavelength division multiplexing, and reception upward signal, the upward signal that receives carried out after the dense wave division multipurpose coding and behind coding by described first coupler output, the coding difference that adopts when the first different signal processing modules is encoded to the upward signal that receives.
Preferably, described optical distribution network device, wherein, described first signal processing module comprises:
Second coding/decoding module is used for a road of the multichannel downstream signal of described first coupler output back output of decoding, and exports described first coupler to behind the upward signal that will the receive coding;
The 3rd dense wave division multiplexer, after being used for the downstream signal of described second coding/decoding module output separated intensive wavelength division multiplexing and be a plurality of single wavelength downstream signals, export corresponding a plurality of optical network units to, and the multichannel upward signal that receives is carried out exporting described second coding/decoding module to after the dense wave division multipurpose.
Preferably, described optical distribution network device, wherein, described second coding/decoding module comprises: based on encoder, decoder and/or the codec of Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber.
Another aspect provides a kind of optical line terminal, comprising: optical transmission module and Optical Receivers, and wherein, described optical transmission module comprises a plurality of modulating-coding modules and second coupler,
Each described modulating-coding module comprises:
A plurality of descending modulation modules, each described descending modulation module is used for downlink data is modulated to the single wavelength or the broadband light carrier wave of different wave length;
First dense wave division multiplexer, comprise: a plurality of input ports and an output port, each described input port is connected with a described descending modulation module, after being used for modulated downlink data dense wave division multipurpose with the described descending modulation module output that is connected and becoming one the tunnel by described output port output;
First encoder is connected with the output port of described first dense wave division multiplexer, is used for the downstream signal coding back output to described first dense wave division multiplexer output;
Described second coupler is used for exporting after downstream signal with each described modulating-coding module output merges into one the tunnel.
Preferably, described optical line terminal, wherein, described Optical Receivers comprises:
The 3rd coupler is used for exporting behind the upward signal demultiplexing with described optical distribution network output;
A plurality of first decoders, each described first decoder is connected with an output port of described the 3rd coupler, is used for road decoding back output with the multichannel upward signal of described the 3rd coupler output;
A plurality of second dense wave division multiplexers, in each described second dense wave division multiplexer one is connected with described first decoder, is used for the upward signal of exporting behind described first decoder decode separated exporting after intensive wave separater branch is multiplexed with multichannel.
Technique effect of the present invention is:
After in optical line terminal, multichannel downstream signal dense wave division multipurpose being become one road signal, encode, obtain the optical code division multiple access downstream signal, and multichannel optical code division multiple access downstream signal is coupled to together, export first signal processing module in the optical distribution network to, corresponding one first signal processing module of each road code signal, by first signal processing module decode and separate intensive wavelength division multiplexing after export, utilize close wavelength-division multiplex technology that the light address code is multiplexing like this, the optical code division multiple access passive network system of corresponding prior art, the number of users that can insert has obtained significantly increasing, enlarge the access user capacity of system greatly, reduced user's average cost of access.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the optical code division multiple access EPON of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the optical code division multiple access EPON of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 A is the structural representation of optical transmission module of the optical line terminal of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 B is the structural representation of optical transmission module of the optical line terminal of another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 C is the structural representation of optical transmission module of the optical line terminal of another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of Optical Receivers of an optical line terminal of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the optical distribution network of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the Optical Network Terminal of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is the pulse modulation scheme schematic diagram of the limited extinction ratio of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, describe the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
The present inventor finds in the process that solves technical problem of the present invention, with OCDMA technology and DWDM technology in conjunction with the user capacity that can increase system, because the OCDMA technology is at code space user data to be carried out coding-decoding operation, can be added on the wavelength space, thereby can increase multiplexing quantity.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the optical code division multiple access passive optical network of the embodiment of the invention, and as Fig. 2, the passive optical network of this embodiment comprises:
Optical line terminal, comprise: optical transmission module, be used for the multichannel downlink data is modulated to the single wavelength or the broadband light carrier wave of different wave length, the modulated downlink data of multichannel is become one road signal through the dense wave division multiplexer dense wave division multipurpose, the dense wave division multipurpose signal of dense wave division multiplexer output is encoded, and each the road downstream signal after will encoding merges into one tunnel output, wherein, and the coding difference that the dense wave division multipurpose signal of the dense wave division multiplexer of not going the same way output adopts; Optical Receivers is used to receive upward signal, and exports with the decoding of the upward signal that receives and after separating intensive wavelength division multiplexing;
Optical distribution network comprises: first coupler, be used to receive the downstream signal of described optical transmission module output, and will export behind the described downstream signal demultiplexing, and export after the multichannel upward signal that receives merged into one the tunnel; A plurality of first signal processing modules, each described first signal processing module is connected with a port of described first coupler, be used for one road downstream signal of described first coupler output is decoded, it is to export behind a plurality of single wavelength downstream signals that decoded downstream signal is separated intensive wavelength division multiplexing, and reception upward signal, the upward signal that receives is carried out encoding after the dense wave division multipurpose, and behind coding, export described Optical Receivers to by described first coupler, after separating intensive wavelength division multiplexing, export by described Optical Receivers, the coding difference that adopts when wherein, different first signal processing module is encoded to the upward signal that receives;
A plurality of optical network unit groups, each described optical network unit group is connected with described first signal processing module, be used to receive the downstream signal of described first signal processing module output that is connected, and receiving upstream data, the upward signal that the upstream data modulation back that receives is obtained exports first signal processing module that is connected to.
As Fig. 2, in this example, for N first signal processing module and N optical network unit group are example, be respectively first signal processing module, 1 to first signal processing module N, optical network unit group 1 is to optical network unit group N, and N is a natural number, and each optical network unit group comprises at least one optical network unit.
In this example, optical line terminal is connected with first coupler of optical distribution network by a circulator (second circulator, not shown).The downstream signal of optical transmission module output is imported first coupler by the port one of second circulator, the upward signal of first coupler output is by the port 3 input Optical Receivers of second circulator, and first coupler of optical distribution network is connected with second circulator by the port 2 of second circulator.
In the passive net network system of the embodiment of the invention, utilize close wavelength-division multiplex technology as by utilizing dense wave division multiplexer,, can increase the available number of channel the signal multiplexing of the different wave length channel shared OCDMA encoder encodes of getting up.
Preferably, in the passive optical network of the embodiment of the invention, optical line terminal and/or optical distribution network utilization are encoded based on the encoder and/or the codec of Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber (SSFBG, Superstructured Fiber Bragg Grating).Utilize the spectrum cutting characteristic of SSFBG, is wide range based on the bandwidth of operation of the encoder of SSFBG with respect to the bandwidth of the single passage of dense wave division multiplexer, thereby identical code word can be reused in different wavelength channels, and by having adopted a kind of special optical distribution structure, make the user of the corresponding one group of wavelength division multiplexing of codec, so both save codec, also increased the capacity of system simultaneously.Also can simplify the structure of ONU and OLT in addition, reduce the quantity of the codec among the OLT, need not to use codec among the ONU, the user needn't oneself safeguard relatively costly codec like this, but codec is safeguarded in unification in ODN.
Fig. 3 A is the structural representation of optical transmission module of an optical line terminal of the embodiment of the invention.As Fig. 3 A, this optical transmission module comprises a plurality of modulating-coding modules and second coupler,
Each described modulating-coding module comprises:
A plurality of descending modulation modules, each described descending modulation module is used for downlink data is modulated to the broadband light carrier wave, and in this example, descending modulation module is a modulator;
First dense wave division multiplexer, comprise: a plurality of input ports and an output port, each described input port is connected with a described descending modulation module, after being used for modulated downlink data dense wave division multipurpose with the described descending modulation module output that is connected and becoming one the tunnel by described output port output;
First encoder is connected with the output port of first dense wave division multiplexer, is used for the downstream signal coding back output to the output of described first dense wave division multiplexer; In this example, to comprise that N first encoder is example, be first encoder, 1～the first encoder N, first encoder that the dense wave division multiplexer that the different modulating coding module comprises is corresponding different, to realize coding difference, to obtain the downstream signal of optical code division multiple access to the multiplexed signals employing of different dense wave division multiplexer outputs; Preferably, first encoder is the wide range encoder with respect to each passage of first dense wave division multiplexer; Preferably, first encoder is the optical encoder based on SSFBG.
Described second coupler exports described optical distribution network to after the downstream signal that is used for downstream signal with each described modulating-coding module output and is first encoder output that each modulating-coding module comprises merges into one the tunnel.
As Fig. 3 A, in this example, different modulating-coding modules adopts different modulated laser sources.As Fig. 3 A, adopted N lasing light emitter in this example, be respectively lasing light emitter 1 to lasing light emitter N, N is a natural number, exemplarily, the lasing light emitter of employing is a light-pulse generator.What light-pulse generator produced is wide spectrum light source as the light source of light carrier with respect to each passage of first dense wave division multiplexer.In other embodiments of the invention, can be the corresponding lasing light emitters of a plurality of modulating-coding modules; Or the corresponding lasing light emitter of all modulating-coding modules, this situation is with reference to shown in Fig. 3 B; Or the corresponding lasing light emitter of each descending modulation module, lasing light emitter quantity is more in this case, and cost is higher.
In other embodiments of the invention, optical transmission module also can be used for the multichannel downlink data is modulated to single wavelength light carrier wave of different wave length, as Fig. 3 C, each descending modulation module, be modulator in this example, corresponding single wavelength laser light source is used for downlink data is modulated to corresponding single wavelength light carrier wave, in this example, be corresponding single wavelength laser light source of each wavelength channel of one first dense wave division multiplexer with corresponding wavelength.
Preferably, optical transmission module also comprises first image intensifer, and the signal of second coupler output exports optical distribution network to by port one again after first image intensifer amplifies.In this optical transmission module, use Transmission Fibers to connect between each device.Preferably, the signal of the 3rd coupler output is sent to first image intensifer by dispersion compensating fiber.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of Optical Receivers of an optical line terminal of the embodiment of the invention.As Fig. 4, this Optical Receivers comprises:
The 3rd coupler is used for exporting behind the upward signal demultiplexing with described optical distribution network output;
A plurality of first decoders, in this example first decoder, 1 to second decoder N, N is a natural number, in this example, the quantity of first decoder is corresponding with the quantity of first encoder, each described first decoder is connected with an output port of described the 3rd coupler, is used for road decoding back output with the multichannel upward signal of described the 3rd coupler output;
A plurality of second dense wave division multiplexers, in each described second dense wave division multiplexer one is connected with described first decoder, and being used for the upward signal of described first decoder decode output is separated intensive wavelength division multiplexing is to export after the multichannel.The number of second dense wave division multiplexer is corresponding with the number of first decoder.First decoder, 1 to first decoder N is corresponding second dense wave division multiplexer, 1 to second dense wave division multiplexer N respectively.
Preferably, in this example, Optical Receivers also comprises: second image intensifer, and after amplifying, the upward signal that is used for receiving from optical distribution network imports the 3rd coupler again; Be used to do the photoelectric conversion module of data stream receiver such as charged limiting amplifier, light signal is converted to the photodetector (PD) of the signal of telecommunication and is used for Clock Extraction and set the decision circuit (DE) of decision level, output digital signal.Preferably, by dispersion compensating fiber DCF transmission signals, the signal of optical distribution network output passes through the 3rd coupler beam splitting after importing second image intensifer by port 3 again between second image intensifer and the optical distribution network.
In the embodiments of the invention, utilize image intensifer to improve transmitted power or receiving terminal power, but for guaranteeing that link has the good signal-to-noise performance, it is different to be used to the image intensifer type that sends with receiving, what be used to send is the power amplifier of high saturation power, and what be used to receive is low noise preamplifier.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the optical distribution network of the embodiment of the invention.As Fig. 5, in this example, optical distribution network comprises: first coupler; With, N first signal processing module, N is a natural number, each first signal processing module constitutes encoding and decoding and dense wave division multipurpose demultiplexing link, comprise: second coding/decoding module, be used for a road of the multichannel downstream signal of described first coupler output back output of decoding, and export described first coupler to behind the upward signal that will the receive coding; The 3rd dense wave division multiplexer, after being used for the downstream signal of described second coding/decoding module output separated intensive wavelength division multiplexing and be a plurality of single wavelength downstream signals, export corresponding a plurality of optical network units to, reaching the multichannel upward signal that will receive carries out exporting described second coding/decoding module to after the dense wave division multipurpose, in this example, one the 3rd corresponding M optical network unit of dense wave division multiplexer, M is a natural number, M should be not more than the available channel number of the 3rd dense wave division multiplexer.Second coding/decoding module realizes that by independent encoder encoding function, independent decoder realize decoding function, or play a part during by the signal input of codec behind coding decoder, primary signal by the time play encoder.The number of the number of the number of second coding/decoding module and first encoder and first decoder is corresponding in this example.In this example, be the coding difference that makes that the first corresponding different signal processing modules adopts, the second coding/decoding module difference of the first different signal processing module correspondences, in this example, second coding/decoding module of N the first signal processing module correspondence is respectively: second coding/decoding module, 1 to second coding/decoding module N, the 3rd corresponding dense wave division multiplexer is respectively the 3rd dense wave division multiplexer 1 to the 3rd dense wave division multiplexer N.In the embodiments of the invention, the number of the 3rd dense wave division multiplexer is corresponding in the number of second dense wave division multiplexer in the optical transmission module among the OLT in the number of first dense wave division multiplexer and the Optical Receivers and the optical distribution network.
In the passive optical network of the embodiment of the invention, OLT links to each other with a plurality of optical network units by optical distribution network, as Fig. 5, each output port of each dense wave division multiplexer in the optical distribution network (the 3rd dense wave division multiplexer) promptly exports corresponding ONU, suppose to have in the optical distribution network N dense wave division multiplexer, as the 3rd dense wave division multiplexer 1 among the figure～the 3rd dense wave division multiplexer N, each dense wave division multiplexer has M output port, and it is that M * N is individual that total like this connected optical network unit number becomes.But because second coding/decoding module, 1～the second coding/decoding module N is operated under the same wave band, therefore, M * N user but only used λ
1～λ
MM wavelength channel, this is because different dense wave division multiplexer is multiplexing with the light address code, with respect to pure OCDM-PON or DWDM-PON, the maximum number of user amount that can insert has obtained significantly increase.
In this example, second coding/decoding module is embodied as: second codec.Each second codec correspondence one the 3rd dense wave division multiplexer in the OCDMA-PON of this embodiment, thereby corresponding one group of ONU is M ONU in this example.After user's upstream is modulated onto on the light carrier, by dense wave division multiplexer multiplexing after, again by optical encoder, the user data behind the coding is up to OLT by coupler.In OLT, the anti-processing that the data flow behind the coding is done optical information by the light decoder is the anti-processing of light cataloged procedure, realizes the photodissociation sign indicating number.Decoded data flow is handled by the intensive wavelength division multiplexing of separating of dense wave division multiplexer each wavelength channel is separated and rectification, uploads to other core net, realizes the mutual transmission of information between different PON.The data flow that passes under the core net at the OLT end after modulation, again by first encoder encodes, data flow after will encoding then is by passing under the optical-fibre channel among each ONU, and the data flow behind ONU end coding realizes decoding through the light decoder, recovers the transmission data so that the reception of user data.In other embodiments of the invention, second coding/decoding module also can be realized by separated coding device and decoder.
Briefly, the optical code division multiple access downlink data or the downstream signal of optical line terminal output enter optical distribution network from port 2, through first coupler optical code division multiple access signal are divided into N road DWDM multiplexed signals; Each its decoding of road signal second encoding and decoding after one the 3rd dense wave division multiplexer separate and intensively data sent into each ONU after multiplexing; The upstream data of each ONU or upward signal are after the 3rd dense wave division multiplexer carries out dense wave division multipurpose, and encoded, coupling back is up to OLT by port 2.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the ONU of the embodiment of the invention.In the embodiment of the invention,, need not coding/decoding module among the ONU owing to adopted special ODN structure to make ONU to simplify greatly.As Fig. 6, this routine ONU mainly comprises: first circulator 601, the 4th coupler 602, light-receiving link and reflective semiconductor optical amplifier RSOA; In this example, light-receiving chain route photodetector and decision device are formed.The 4th coupler is used for exporting after downstream signal with optical distribution network first signal processing module output is divided into two-way.As Fig. 6, the port one of first circulator links to each other with a channeling port of the 3rd dense wave division multiplexer among the ODN, receives the decoded signal of OCDMA, and signal is divided into two-way behind the 4th coupler, and one the tunnel recovers initial data through photodetector and decision device; Another road can be injected into carries out data erase in the reflective semiconductor optical amplifier, think that upstream data provides the carrier wave light source, and for realizing this function, the data-modulated among the need OLT adopts the mode of limited extinction ratio, and promptly data ' 0 ' keep a part of light.Preferably, adopt Mach-Zehnder modulator to modulate data in the light pulse among the OLT, the corresponding low pulse of data " 0 "; The corresponding high impulse of data " 1 ".RSOA is connected with first circulator by the port 2 of first circulator, and the upstream data of its reflected back is by the port 3 input optical distribution networks of circulator.
Utilize the gain saturation effect of reflective semiconductor optical amplifier can realize wiping to downlink data, its groundwork principle is: when incident intensity or gain coefficient increase to when causing semiconductor optical amplifier saturated, its output just is constant continuous light, can be used as the carrier wave of upward signal.It should be noted that, when the extinction ratio of downlink optical signal is very big, just be difficult to reach gain saturation in the time of so a little less than light signal, the carrier wave of Xing Chenging is obviously not ideal enough like this, increasing gain coefficient excessively then can cause efficient to reduce, so for downstream signal suitable extinction ratio should be set, make full use of down line light source in the time of with realization gain saturation.And limited extinction ratio modulation technique just can satisfy this point well, and particularly when up-downgoing speed is identical, this modulation system will effectively be improved the wipe effect of RSOA to downlink data.
Adopt the pulse modulation technique of limited extinction ratio in the OCDMA-PON system of one embodiment of the invention, utilize " just " different light pulse to carry out electrooptic modulation to digital data, the pulse modulation scheme of concrete limited extinction ratio as shown in Figure 7, with the bias voltage of modulator, the setting of voltage of signals peak-to-peak value in place, then the laser pulse after electrooptic modulation can present the pattern as figure " just " pulse.In this example, " 1 " in the initial data is represented by the different pulse of light intensity that with " 0 " according to the principle of OCDMA, the user is assigned to a unique light orthogonal code, so " 1 " in the data and " 0 " are all by the OCDMA encoder encodes.
Particularly, after downlink data enters optical distribution network, return to " just " impulse form after the decoding of optical encoder in optical distribution network after, through dense wave division multipurpose after first circulator input light-receiving link and reflective semiconductor optical amplifier.This part signal of input light-receiving link receives through photodetector and to be converted to the signal of telecommunication, after the decision circuit recovered clock, and appropriate threshold level D (as Fig. 7) is set, and the data that are higher than threshold value D are " 1 ", and the data that are lower than D are " 0 ".Another part signal of input ONU is through after the amplification dataout of reflective semiconductor optical amplifier, as the light modulated of upstream data.In this example, preferably, ONU adopts two fine bi-directional configuration.Preferably, the connection between above-mentioned each device all uses Transmission Fibers to connect.
Preferably, the passive optical network of the embodiment of the invention also comprises an optical terminus, and one or more Optical Network Terminal are connected with one or more optical network units, as the particular user of optical network unit.
In the embodiment of the invention, in the channel, data flow is modulated onto on the light carrier that lasing light emitter sends, the modulated data of different wave length channel is after dense wave division multiplexer is multiplexing, after encoding by optical encoder, the signal with other dense wave division multiplexer behind the multiplexing and coding is coupled and sends.According to the principle of OCDMA, the user is assigned to a unique light orthogonal code, in this example, be not that each ONU assigns to an address code, but each dense wave division multiplexer is assigned to a unique address code among the ODN.In this example, the coding of use is not limited to light orthogonal code, can also be the coding of other type, only needs to guarantee the different dense wave division multiplexer corresponding codes differences among the ODN.In this example, the second codec difference of different dense wave division multiplexer correspondences among the ODN.After recovering coded signal with corresponding decoder among the ODN, by the demultiplexing effect of dense wave division multiplexer data are delivered in the different optical network units by different wavelength channels again.In the EPON of the embodiment of the invention, need not to place codec among the ONU, encoding and decoding are operated in unified carrying out among the ODN.
The above-mentioned dense wave division multiplexer of mentioning of the present invention is the dense wave division multipurpose demodulation multiplexer that can realize dense wave division multipurpose and demultiplexing.
The passive optical network of the embodiment of the invention utilizes the frequency spectrum cutting characteristic of OCDMA codec, frequency spectrum cutting characteristic as the SSFBG codec, a plurality of wavelength channels are carried out coding-decoding operation simultaneously with a codec, can significantly improve saving wavelength and codec on the basis of power system capacity; Each codec is corresponding to a wavelength multiplexer; Total number of users equals N (address code quantity) * M (number of wavelengths of each address code correspondence); And further,,, thereby save cost significantly for upstream data provides light source by utilizing the reflective semiconductor amplifier that downlink data is wiped at the ONU end.The present invention utilizes close wavelength-division multiplex technology, with respect to the Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing technology wavelength can be divided thinner, available port number is also more.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention adopts special ODN structure that DWDM and traditional OCDMA-PON are combined, and can greatly increase number of users and save number of wavelengths and encoding and decoding quantity simultaneously; Adopt the modulation system of limited extinction ratio, use line light source in the RSOA extraction, thereby saved the light source of ONU end, reduced the cost of system design at the ONU end; The colourless characteristic of RSOA makes ONU have colourless structure, help reducing cost and improving reliability, reduced the complexity of ONU construction, and because ONU does not contain codec, improved the maintainability of ONU, make OCDMA-PON and WDM-PON further combined with becoming possibility; Because the accurate range finding problem of OLT to ONU avoided in the application of CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access); Speed is flexible, adopts the OCDMA technology can support high-speed data-flow, and its codec is transparent to flank speed and the following arbitrary velocity that can support, simultaneously, and the protocol transparent of OCDMA technology to using in the network.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of optical distribution network device, comprising: first coupler is used for exporting behind the downstream signal demultiplexing with optical line terminal output, and exports after the multichannel upward signal that receives merged into one the tunnel; A plurality of first signal processing modules, each described first signal processing module is connected with a port of described first coupler, be used for one road downstream signal of described first coupler output is decoded, it is to export behind a plurality of single wavelength downstream signals that decoded downstream signal is separated intensive wavelength division multiplexing, and reception upward signal, the upward signal that receives carried out after the dense wave division multipurpose coding and behind coding by described first coupler output, the coding difference that adopts when the first different signal processing modules is encoded to the upward signal that receives.
Preferably, in the optical distribution network device of this embodiment, first signal processing module comprises: second coding/decoding module is used for a road of the multichannel downstream signal of described first coupler output back output of decoding, and exports described first coupler to behind the upward signal that will the receive coding; The 3rd dense wave division multiplexer, after being used for the downstream signal of described second coding/decoding module output separated intensive wavelength division multiplexing and be a plurality of single wavelength downstream signals, export corresponding a plurality of optical network units to, and the multichannel upward signal that receives is carried out exporting described second coding/decoding module to after the dense wave division multipurpose.
Preferably, in the optical distribution network device of this embodiment, second coding/decoding module comprises: based on encoder, decoder and/or the codec of Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. an optical code division multiple access passive optical network is characterized in that, comprising:
Optical line terminal, comprise: optical transmission module, be used for the multichannel downlink data is modulated to the single wavelength or the broadband light carrier wave of different wave length, the modulated downlink data of multichannel is become one road signal through the dense wave division multiplexer dense wave division multipurpose, the dense wave division multipurpose signal of dense wave division multiplexer output is encoded, and each the road downstream signal after will encoding merges into one tunnel output, wherein, and the coding difference that the dense wave division multipurpose signal of different dense wave division multiplexer output adopts; Optical Receivers is used to receive upward signal, and exports with the decoding of the upward signal that receives and after separating intensive wavelength division multiplexing;
Optical distribution network comprises: first coupler, be used to receive the downstream signal of described optical transmission module output, and will export behind the described downstream signal demultiplexing, and export after the multichannel upward signal that receives merged into one the tunnel; A plurality of first signal processing modules, each described first signal processing module is connected with a port of described first coupler, be used for one road downstream signal of described first coupler output is decoded, it is to export behind a plurality of single wavelength downstream signals that decoded downstream signal is separated intensive wavelength division multiplexing, and reception upward signal, the upward signal that receives is carried out encoding after the dense wave division multipurpose, and behind coding, export described Optical Receivers to, the coding difference that adopts when the first different signal processing modules is encoded to the upward signal that receives by described first coupler;
A plurality of optical network unit groups, each described optical network unit group is connected with described first signal processing module, be used to receive the downstream signal of described first signal processing module output that is connected, and receiving upstream data, the upward signal that the upstream data modulation back that receives is obtained exports first signal processing module that is connected to.
2. optical code division multiple access passive optical network according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described optical transmission module comprises a plurality of modulating-coding modules and second coupler,
Each described modulating-coding module comprises:
A plurality of descending modulation modules, each described descending modulation module is used for downlink data is modulated to the single wavelength or the broadband light carrier wave of different wave length;
First dense wave division multiplexer, comprise: a plurality of input ports and an output port, each described input port is connected with a described descending modulation module, after being used for modulated downlink data dense wave division multipurpose with the described descending modulation module output that is connected and becoming one the tunnel by described output port output;
First encoder is connected with the output port of described first dense wave division multiplexer, is used for the downstream signal coding back output to described first dense wave division multiplexer output;
Described second coupler is used for exporting described optical distribution network to after downstream signal with each described modulating-coding module output merges into one the tunnel.
3. optical code division multiple access passive optical network according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described Optical Receivers comprises:
The 3rd coupler is used for exporting behind the upward signal demultiplexing with described optical distribution network output;
A plurality of first decoders, each described first decoder is connected with an output port of described the 3rd coupler, is used for road decoding back output with the multichannel upward signal of described the 3rd coupler output;
A plurality of second dense wave division multiplexers, in each described second dense wave division multiplexer one is connected with described first decoder, and being used for the upward signal of exporting behind described first decoder decode is separated intensive wavelength division multiplexing is to export after the multichannel.
4. according to each described optical code division multiple access passive optical network among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that described first signal processing module in the described optical distribution network comprises:
Second coding/decoding module is used for a road of the multichannel downstream signal of described first coupler output back output of decoding, and exports described first coupler to behind the upward signal that will the receive coding;
The 3rd dense wave division multiplexer, after being used for the downstream signal of described second coding/decoding module output separated intensive wavelength division multiplexing and be a plurality of single wavelength downstream signals, export corresponding a plurality of optical network units to, and the multichannel upward signal that receives is carried out exporting described second coding/decoding module to after the dense wave division multipurpose.
5. according to each described optical code division multiple access passive optical network among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that,
Described optical transmission module adopts the mode of limited extinction ratio that described downlink data is modulated;
Described optical network unit comprises:
The 4th coupler is used for exporting after downstream signal with the output of described first signal processing module is divided into two-way;
The light-receiving link is used to receive one road downstream signal of described the 4th coupler output, and recovers original downlink data;
Reflective semiconductor optical amplifier is used to receive another road downstream signal that described the 4th coupler is exported, with the data erase in the described downstream signal, with the carrier wave light source as upstream data.
6. according to each described passive optical network among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that described optical line terminal and/or optical distribution network utilization are encoded based on the encoder and/or the codec of Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber.
7. an optical distribution network device is characterized in that, comprising:
First coupler is used for exporting behind the downstream signal demultiplexing with optical line terminal output, and exports after the multichannel upward signal that receives merged into one the tunnel;
A plurality of first signal processing modules, each described first signal processing module is connected with a port of described first coupler, be used for one road downstream signal of described first coupler output is decoded, it is to export behind a plurality of single wavelength downstream signals that decoded downstream signal is separated intensive wavelength division multiplexing, and reception upward signal, the upward signal that receives carried out after the dense wave division multipurpose coding and behind coding by described first coupler output, the coding difference that adopts when the first different signal processing modules is encoded to the upward signal that receives.
8. optical distribution network device according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described first signal processing module comprises:
Second coding/decoding module is used for a road of the multichannel downstream signal of described first coupler output back output of decoding, and exports described first coupler to behind the upward signal that will the receive coding;
The 3rd dense wave division multiplexer, after being used for the downstream signal of described second coding/decoding module output separated intensive wavelength division multiplexing and be a plurality of single wavelength downstream signals, export corresponding a plurality of optical network units to, and the multichannel upward signal that receives is carried out exporting described second coding/decoding module to after the dense wave division multipurpose.
9. optical distribution network device according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described second coding/decoding module comprises: based on encoder, decoder and/or the codec of Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber.
10. optical line terminal comprises: optical transmission module and Optical Receivers, it is characterized in that described optical transmission module comprises a plurality of modulating-coding modules and second coupler,
Each described modulating-coding module comprises:
A plurality of descending modulation modules, each described descending modulation module is used for downlink data is modulated to the single wavelength or the broadband light carrier wave of different wave length;
First dense wave division multiplexer, comprise: a plurality of input ports and an output port, each described input port is connected with a described descending modulation module, after being used for modulated downlink data dense wave division multipurpose with the described descending modulation module output that is connected and becoming one the tunnel by described output port output;
First encoder is connected with the output port of described first dense wave division multiplexer, is used for the downstream signal coding back output to described first dense wave division multiplexer output;
Described second coupler is used for exporting after downstream signal with each described modulating-coding module output merges into one the tunnel.
11. optical line terminal according to claim 10 is characterized in that, described Optical Receivers comprises:
The 3rd coupler is used for exporting behind the upward signal demultiplexing with described optical distribution network output;
A plurality of first decoders, each described first decoder is connected with an output port of described the 3rd coupler, is used for road decoding back output with the multichannel upward signal of described the 3rd coupler output;
A plurality of second dense wave division multiplexers, in each described second dense wave division multiplexer one is connected with described first decoder, and being used for the upward signal of exporting behind described first decoder decode is separated intensive wavelength division multiplexing is to export after the multichannel.
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| PCT/CN2010/077912 WO2011130995A1 (en) | 2010-04-23 | 2010-10-20 | Optical code division multiple access-passive optical network (ocdma-pon) system, optical distribution network device (odn) and optical line terminal (olt) |
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