CN101896780A - Method and apparatus for cooling a process stream - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for cooling a process stream Download PDFInfo
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- CN101896780A CN101896780A CN2008801199439A CN200880119943A CN101896780A CN 101896780 A CN101896780 A CN 101896780A CN 2008801199439 A CN2008801199439 A CN 2008801199439A CN 200880119943 A CN200880119943 A CN 200880119943A CN 101896780 A CN101896780 A CN 101896780A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
- F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
- F25D17/02—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating liquids, e.g. brine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/04—Refrigerant level
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method of cooling a process stream, the method comprising at least the steps of : (a) heat exchanging a first coolant supply stream in a first cooling circuit against a process stream at a first process temperature to produce a first coolant return stream and a cooled process stream; (b) passing the first coolant return stream to a first coolant return tank to provide warmed first coolant; (c) withdrawing a portion of the warmed first coolant from the first coolant return tank as a warmed first coolant stream; (d) heat exchanging a cooled second coolant stream in a second cooling circuit against the warmed first coolant stream to produce a cooled first coolant stream, (e) passing the cooled first coolant stream to a first coolant supply tank to provide cooled first coolant; (f) withdrawing a portion of the cooled first coolant from the first coolant supply tank as the first coolant supply stream; wherein the rate of flow of the warmed first coolant stream in step (c) is controlled in response to the cooling duty available from the second cooling circuit and the flow from the supply to the return buffer is controlled by the required cooling of the process stream and wherein the difference between the minimum and maximum cooling duty of the process stream over a time period is larger than the difference between the minimum and maximum cooling duty of the second cooling circuit over said time period.
Description
The present invention relates to the method for process for cooling logistics, described logistics is liquid state or the gaseous stream in process unit such as refinery, liquefied natural gas plant or the chemical devices for example, particularly is obtained from the process-stream of natural gas processing and is used for the device of this method.
The present invention aims to provide can be designed to compare with conventional apparatus has the method and apparatus that low capacity more still provides simultaneously suitable cooling performance.The fund expenditure has obviously been saved in the reduction of this design capacity, can use littler equipment for example heat exchanger, compressor and condenser.
The invention provides the method for process for cooling logistics, this method comprises following steps at least:
(a) in first cooling circuit, make the first cooling agent supply logistics and process-stream heat exchange under first technological temperature, thereby producing the first cooling agent return logistics and cold process-stream;
(b) make the first cooling agent return logistics feed first cooling agent and return jar so that first cooling agent of heat to be provided;
(c) return of the first cooling agent logistics of first cooling agent of extraction part heat the jar from first cooling agent as heat;
(d) in second cooling circuit, make second cold cooling agent logistics and the first hot cooling agent logistics heat exchange, thereby produce the first cold cooling agent logistics;
(e) make the first cold cooling agent logistics feed the first cooling agent charging-tank so that the first cold cooling agent to be provided;
(f) from the first cooling agent charging-tank, extract the first cold cooling agent of a part out as the first cooling agent supply logistics; Wherein the flow of the first cooling agent logistics of the middle heat of step (c) is in response to being controlled by the cooling load that second cooling circuit obtains, with by being fed to the flow that returns buffering by the required cooling control of process-stream, and wherein within a certain period of time the difference between the minimum of process-stream and the maximum cooling load greater than the minimum of second cooling circuit in the described time and the difference between the maximum cooling load.
Traditionally, first cooling circuit of operation and process-stream heat exchange is to provide specific cooling load corresponding to the required peaking capacity of cooling circuit, and described peaking capacity is set by described process-stream.This realizes by the kind of refrigeration cycle that corresponding heat extraction is offered second cooling circuit and for example seal.
But can enter second cooling circuit heat may owing to external condition for example environment temperature change.In addition, required technology heat extraction may be owing to identical external condition changes.In fact, the variations in temperature in some weathers between daytime and night may surpass 10 ℃, sometimes above 20 ℃ with even above 30 ℃.
Under low ambient temperature, second cooling circuit can offer bigger cooling first cooling circuit, but the required technology in first loop is cooled off less.In the method for the invention, by the flow of the first cooling agent logistics of the heat that turns back to charging-tank in response to controlling by the cooling load that second cooling circuit obtains; And control by required technology cooling by the flow that is fed to the first cold cooling agent that returns buffering.When more heat can enter second cooling circuit, the flow of the first cooling agent logistics of heat can increase, make in step (d) first cooling agent and the second cold cooling agent heat exchange of more heat, provide more can be accumulated in the first cold cooling agent and cushion the first cold cooling agent in the charging-tank.From technology, discharge more when hot when needs, increase by being fed to the first cold coolant flow that returns buffering.
When environment temperature increased, the amount of cooling water that is fed to first cooling circuit by second cooling circuit reduced and the flow of the first cooling agent logistics of heat can correspondingly reduce.Increase if imposed on the cooling load of first cooling circuit by process-stream, the flow that can increase by the first cooling agent supply logistics is to guarantee providing cold process-stream under controlled, preferred stationary temperature.
For example because the process-stream that increases cooling requirement, increase by first can the be consumable cold cooling agent of the flow of the first cooling agent supply logistics than the first cold cooling agent logistics (by with the second cooling circuit heat exchange) provide more.But the valid function that the first cold cooling agent of accumulating in cold first cooling agent buffering charging-tank makes it possible to keep cooling device.
Therefore method of the present invention can satisfy the conventional circuit that process-stream imposes on the peak load of device and compare the capacity that reduces by second cooling circuit with being designed for.With for example maximum environmental temperature design apparatus (this capacity only uses in lower environmental condition lower part) is opposite at peak value condition, can be at lower Capacity design first and second cooling circuits.The required first cold cooling agent of process for cooling logistics (by producing) with the second cooling circuit heat exchange but the first cold cooling agent of self cooling first cooling agent buffering charging-tank of any of shortage origin satisfy.During lower environment temperature, the cooling capacity of second cooling circuit may be higher than the required capacity of the first cooling circuit process for cooling logistics and therefore can produce the excessive first cold cooling agent and be stored in the first cold cooling agent charging-tank.
Preferably, operate the summation that described method makes the cooling agent of winning return in the jar amount of first cold in the amount of first cooling agent of heat and the first cooling agent charging-tank cooling agent and remain on steady state value.Certainly, the relative quantity of first cooling agent can and be returned between the jar at the first cooling agent charging-tank and change.
Therefore the cooling device that provides the Capacity Ratio conventional apparatus lower is provided in the present invention.For example can provide about 60% the capacity that is reduced to conventional capacity, make the fund expenditure significantly reduce, even although need other surge tank and circulating pump second cooling circuit.
Preferably, method of the present invention is at least 24 hours continuation method and comprises at least one cycle day and night that promptly step (a)-(g) day and night repeats in the cycle at least one.More preferably, described method be continue a week, preferred one month, more preferably 6 months and even the more preferably continuation method in 1 year.
Cold process-stream can be any liquid state or gaseous stream in heat exchange step (a).For example, cold process-stream can be liquid state or the gaseous stream that is obtained from natural gas processing in heat exchange step (a).Preferably, described process-stream be from the amine logistics of acid gas treating apparatus or sulfur-bearing or the sour natural gas logistics.
Process-stream provides under first technological temperature, and this temperature for example is 20-65 ℃.Can by with aerial cooler in advance the process-stream of the heat of cooling described process-stream is provided.The effectiveness of aerial cooler will depend on for example environment temperature and changing of environmental condition.This is because aerial cooler is designed to provide specific cooling load under maximum environmental temperature.Be lower than under the maximum temperature, it is lower than the temperature that provides under peak value condition that process-stream leaves aerial cooler.Therefore, imposing on the cooling load of first cooling circuit by process-stream will be still less.Therefore can reduce the flow of the first cooling agent supply logistics, reduce the consumption of the first cold cooling agent that comes the first self cooling cooling agent charging-tank.Therefore the first cold cooling agent can be accumulated in the first cold cooling agent charging-tank, uses when the cooling load of first cooling circuit increases.
By providing buffering charging-tank and buffering to return jar, the present invention allows the flow of flow and the first cooling agent logistics of the heat that releases heat to second cooling circuit of the first cooling agent supply logistics of process for cooling logistics to change independently.
First cooling circuit is preferably the recirculation cooling circuit of sealing.Similarly, preferred second cooling circuit is the recirculation cooling circuit of sealing.
First cooling circuit uses first cooling agent.Preferably, first cooling agent comprises water.More preferably, first cooling agent is made up of water substantially.In these cases, first cooling agent can also comprise the water additive of standard, for example defoamer, scale preventative, pesticide and corrosion inhibitor.Therefore the first cooling agent supply logistics will be cold water supply logistics.Therefore the first cooling agent return logistics will be the water return logistics of heat.
In second cooling circuit, preferably have heat pump, more preferably the chiller system of compression or absorption type.The second cooling agent logistics of the heat that produces in step (d) can feed cooling system, makes cold second cooling agent logistics regeneration.If second coolant circuit is to absorb circulation, then second cooling agent can comprise the water that contains the lithium bromide absorbent.If second cooling circuit is a compression cycle, then cooling system can comprise compressor, condenser and bloating plant.Under one situation of back, second cooling agent comprises for example cold-producing medium of propane, ammonia, R-134a or any other commercially available acquisition of cold-producing medium.
Preferred heat exchange step (a) is carried out in first heat exchanger.Further preferred heat exchange step (d) is carried out in second heat exchanger.Heat exchange can by process-stream in step (a) directly contact with the first cooling agent supply logistics or in step (d) heat the first cooling agent logistics directly contact realization with the second cold cooling agent logistics.As selection, can use indirect heat exchange in step (a) with (d), and this is preferred.Indirect heat exchange can carry out in shell-and-tube heat exchanger, EM baffle plate heat exchanger, sheet frame heat exchanger or finned tube exchanger.
In another embodiment, the invention provides the device that is used for the process for cooling logistics, described device comprises at least:
First cooling circuit, it comprises that first heat exchanger, first cooling agent return jar, second heat exchanger and the first cooling agent charging-tank,
Described first heat exchanger has first inlet that links to each other with the process-stream pipeline, first outlet that links to each other with cold process-stream pipeline, second entering the mouth of linking to each other with the outlet of the first cooling agent charging-tank, with second exporting of linking to each other with inlet that first cooling agent returns jar
First inlet that the outlet that described second heat exchanger has with first cooling agent returns jar links to each other, what link to each other with inlet with the first cooling agent charging-tank first exports; With
Second cooling circuit, it comprises second heat exchanger and cooling system,
Described second heat exchanger has second inlet that links to each other with the outlet of cooling system and second outlet that links to each other with the inlet of cooling system.
The cooling system of preferred second cooling circuit comprises compressor, condenser and bloating plant.Compressor can have the inlet that links to each other with second outlet of second heat exchanger, with the outlet that links to each other with the inlet of condenser.Condenser can have the outlet that links to each other with the inlet of bloating plant, and bloating plant has the outlet that links to each other with second inlet of second heat exchanger.
In addition, can for example link to each other with the outlet of aerial cooler by first inlet that makes first heat exchanger, the upstream of first heat exchanger in process-stream provides aerial cooler.
In another aspect of the present invention, provide first pump between can entering the mouth with first of second heat exchanger in the outlet that first cooling agent returns jar.In addition, can between second inlet of the outlet of the first cooling agent charging-tank and first heat exchanger, provide second pump.These pumps can be controlled the flow of the first cooling agent logistics of the first cooling agent supply logistics and heat.Can also use control valve control flow.First pump (or other pump) can be arranged on obviously in the first cooling agent logistics of first cold cooling agent logistics rather than heat.Similarly, also second pump (or other pump) can be arranged in the first cooling agent return logistics rather than the first cooling agent supply logistics.
In one aspect of the method, can regulate coolant flow, leave the technology outlet temperature of the constant control of first heat exchanger with maintenance by first heat exchanger (technology/first cooling agent).Depend on technology flow, physical property and particularly it is in the temperature (in the downstream of aerial cooler) of first heat exchanger entrance, rate of heat transfer required in first heat exchanger changes (with the technological temperature of the control that keeps leaving first heat exchanger).Actual heat load can be controlled in a different manner.Preferably, leave the temperature of the process-stream of first heat exchanger and pass through sensor measurement, link to each other with processor with described temperature sensor, this processor determine to arrive the first cold coolant flow of first heat exchanger and controls heat load in first heat exchanger thus.Those skilled in the art can easily find alternative control scheme.
In a further aspect, in the cold cooling water that leaves second heat exchanger (cooling water is to cold-producing medium), provide temperature sensor, described temperature sensor links to each other with processor and described processor is controlled cooling water flow by second heat exchanger, to keep constant chilled(cooling) water supply (CWS) temperature.
The load that can control the cold-producing medium circulation is to mate required cooling.For example the control of the liquid level of cold feed jar can be controlled the load (for example coolant compressor load control system) of cold-producing medium circulation, therefore changes the cold-producing medium supply that arrives cold-producing medium/cooling water heat exchanger.
Described control scheme is at charging-tank and return the constant and controlled temperature of maintenance in the jar.Can easily find alternative control scheme, but always be intended to when the load of second cooling circuit surpasses the technology cooling load, the first cold cooling agent buffer solution is stored in the charging-tank again.
Hereinafter, will further describe the present invention by following non-limiting accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 schematically provides the technological process of embodiment of the present invention.
The liquid level that the figure line of Fig. 2 is represented cold and Main Coolant surge tank heat when implementing method of the present invention over time.
For purposes of illustration, single Reference numeral is distributed to the logistics of carrying in pipeline and the pipeline.Identical Reference numeral refers to similar assembly.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention 1, and this device comprises technology cascade 2, first cooling circuit 10 and second cooling circuit 60.First cooling circuit 10 is used for process for cooling logistics 6.Process-stream 6 is preferred liquid state or gaseous streams in refinery, natural gas treatment plant, liquefied natural gas, solution-air (it is synthetic to be also referred to as Shell midbarrel) or chemical technology device, for example from the amine logistics of acid gas treating apparatus or sulfur-bearing or the sour natural gas logistics.
The present invention relates to the cooling of process-stream.Process-stream 6 provides being preferably under 20-65 ℃ first technological temperature.Process-stream 6 feeds first heat exchanger 20 through first inlet 7, therein with 52 heat exchange of the first cooling agent supply logistics, to provide cold process-stream 9 in first outlet 8.Cold process-stream 9 produces under second technological temperature, and this temperature is preferably 0-35 ℃, preferred 25 ℃.Cold process-stream 9 can lead to then and be used for further other device of processing.For example, when process-stream 6 was amine logistics from the acid gas treating apparatus, it can feed regenerator after cooling.
The first cooling agent supply logistics 52 (being preferably the cooling water logistics) provides under the first cooling agent supply temperature, and this temperature can be 5-30 ℃.The first cooling agent supply logistics 52 feeds first heat exchanger 20 through second inlet 53, makes process-stream 6 cooling and heating own therein, produces the first cooling agent return logistics 22 in second outlet 21.The first cooling agent return logistics 22 has first cooling agent and returns temperature, and this temperature can be 10-45 ℃.
The first cooling agent return logistics 22 returns jar 30 through 23 feedings, first cooling agent that enters the mouth.First cooling agent returns jar 30 provides store buffer to be used for first cooling agent of heat.Return jars 30 can thermal insulation be housed so that from around heat suck and minimize.Returning jar 30 operations makes first cooling agent of heat cushion between first and second heat exchanger.First cooling agent of heat is through exporting 32 by returning jar 30 first cooling agent logistics 32 of extracting out as heat.
When the cooling load that imposes on first cooling circuit 10 by process-stream 6 greater than may be discharged to the heat of second cooling circuit 60 time, the flow of the first cooling agent return logistics 22 will will raise above the flow of the first cooling agent logistics 32 of heat and the liquid level of returning first cooling agent of heat in jars 30.
When the cooling load that imposes on first cooling circuit 10 by process-stream 6 less than may be discharged to the heat of second cooling circuit 60 time, the flow of the first cooling agent return logistics 22 will will descend less than the flow of the first cooling agent logistics 32 of heat and the liquid level of returning first cooling agent of heat in jars 30.
Leave return jars 30 after, the first cooling agent logistics 32 of heat feeds first inlet 33 of second heat exchanger 40, therein by the cold second cooling agent logistics, 72 coolings, through exporting the first cold cooling agent logistics 42 of 41 regenerations.As mentioned above, the first cold cooling agent logistics 42 produces under the first cooling agent supply temperature, and this temperature can be 5-30 ℃.
The first cold cooling agent logistics 42 is through 43 feedings, the first cooling agent charging-tank 50 that enters the mouth.Charging-tank 50 provides store buffer for the first cold cooling agent.Preferably charging-tank 50 thermal insulation is housed so that from around heat suck and to minimize.Charging-tank 50 operations make the first cold cooling agent cushion between second and first heat exchanger.The first cold cooling agent is extracted out as the first cooling agent supply logistics 52 by charging-tank 50 through exporting 51.
When the cooling load that imposes on first cooling circuit 10 by process-stream 6 greater than may be discharged to the heat of second cooling circuit 60 time, the flow of the first cold cooling agent logistics 42 will will descend less than the liquid level of first cold in the flow of the first cooling agent supply logistics 52 and the charging-tank 50 cooling agent.
When the cooling load that imposes on first cooling circuit 10 by process-stream 6 less than may be discharged to the heat of cooling circuit 60 time, the flow of the first cold cooling agent logistics 42 will will raise greater than the liquid level of first cold in the flow of the first cooling agent supply logistics 52 and the charging-tank 50 cooling agent.
To find out obviously that from top discussion the flow of the first cooling agent logistics 32 of heat should equal the flow of the cold first cooling agent logistics 42, so that the uniform flux by second heat exchanger 40 to be provided.Similarly, the flow of the first cooling agent supply logistics 52 should equal the flow of the first cooling agent return logistics 22, so that the uniform flux by first heat exchanger 20 to be provided.
But the flow that does not require the first cold cooling agent supply logistics 52 (or first cooling agent return logistics 22) in the present invention should be identical with the first cooling agent logistics 32 (or first cold cooling agent logistics 42) of heat.In fact, compare with 42 with logistics 32, method and apparatus of the present invention can provide the flow of unequal logistics 52 and 22.Therefore, the liquid level of heat and cold first cooling agent in returning jar 30 and charging-tank 50 can change with being discharged to the heat of second cooling circuit 60 in response to process-stream 6 needed cooling loads respectively.
By making the first cold cooling agent and first cooling agent buffering of returning the heat in the jar 30 in the charging-tank 50, can the compensate for ambient variation of temperature.Environment temperature may influence cooling load that may provide by second cooling circuit 60 (with the heat that therefore may be discharged by first coolant circuit) and process-stream 6 temperature (with thus the required cooling load of first refrigerant loop 20).
For example, for example at night, second cooling circuit 60 may produce more cold under low ambient temperature.This is because when environment temperature is low, for example can realize lower temperature in the relief condenser of second compressor for cooling fluid in second cooling system.The generation of more colds makes more heat remove from first cooling circuit 10 in second cooling circuit 60.Under these conditions, it is required that the cooling capacity of second cooling circuit 60 may be higher than process-stream 6, the flow of the first cooling agent logistics 32 of the heat of cooling can be accumulated in the supply buffer 50 with the first cold cooling agent, because may increase in second heat exchanger 40.The excessive first cold cooling agent can store and be used for using when for example the cooling load of first cooling circuit 10 increases under high environment temperature in the supply buffer 50.
With design second cooling circuit with under peak value condition (for example maximum environmental temperature following operating period) to produce all required colds of first cooling circuit peaking capacity that promptly only part is used during than low ambient temperature opposite, second cooling circuit 60 can be designed to lower capacity according to the present invention.
On daytime for example under high ambient temperature, second cooling circuit 60 will be operated near heap(ed) capacity or under heap(ed) capacity, and this heap(ed) capacity still is lower than the peaking capacity of first heat exchanger 20.Any of shortage by the first cold cooling agent that produces with the second cooling circuit heat exchange during the high ambient temperature condition is by cold first cooling agent compensation from the buffering of the first cooling agent charging-tank 50.
During than the low environment condition, it is actual required that the cooling capacity of second cooling circuit 60 is higher than process-stream 6, makes can produce the additional first cold cooling agent to recover the liquid level in the first cooling agent charging-tank 50 in second heat exchanger 40.
As mentioned above, because the cold that the heat exchange between the first cooling agent supply logistics 52 and the process-stream 4 is discharged, the temperature of first cooling agent increases.First cooling agent of second cooling circuit 60 in first cooling circuit 10 provides cooling.
In the embodiment depicted in fig. 1, second cooling circuit is a compression cycle.More particularly, compression cycle is a kind of refrigeration cycle, and wherein second cooling agent is a propane.In this case, cooling system 70 will comprise compressor, condenser and bloating plant (not shown).Compressor has second outlet, 45 inlets that link to each other with second heat exchanger 40.Compressor also has the outlet that links to each other with the inlet of condenser.Condenser has and for example outlet that links to each other of expansion valve of the inlet of bloating plant.Bloating plant has second inlet, 73 outlets that link to each other with second heat exchanger 40.The operation of this class refrigeration system is known and will more go through at this.
Another advantage of the present invention is by making the first cold cooling agent return buffering in jars 30 at first cooling agent of charging-tank 50 heats of neutralization, variations in temperature that can compensate for process logistics 6.
In the embodiment depicted in fig. 1, the upstream of first heat exchanger 20 in technology cascade 2 provides aerial cooler 80.Process-stream 6 is produced and is fed first inlet 7 of first heat exchanger 20 by aerial cooler 80 in outlet 5.4 process-streams 3 with heat are fed to aerial cooler 80 through entering the mouth.Aerial cooler 80 makes process-stream 3 coolings of heat, preferably is cooled to 40-65 ℃ temperature.But the temperature that the process-stream 3 of heat is cooled to will depend on the ambient air temperature that passes aerial cooler 80.
For example, under lower environment temperature for example at night, the value during first technological temperature of the process-stream 6 in aerial cooler 80 downstreams will be lower than high ambient temperature.This be because aerial cooler 80 may thermotropisms process-stream 3 more cooling is provided because ambient air is colder during than daytime.Therefore, if make cold process-stream 9 keep the second constant technological temperature in the downstream of first heat exchanger 20, then the required cooling load of first cooling circuit 10 is less during low ambient temperature.Under this low ambient temperature, the flow of the first cooling agent supply logistics 52 may reduce, because the cooling load that imposes on first cooling circuit 10 by process-stream 6 still less.The flow of the first cooling agent supply logistics 52 reduces to make that the first cold cooling agent is accumulated in the supply buffer jar 50, because the flow of the first cooling agent supply logistics 52 will be less than the flow of the first cold cooling agent logistics 42.
Than daytime for example under the high ambient temperature, first technological temperature of process-stream 6 will be higher than the value at night, because the process-stream 3 that aerial cooler 80 can not thermotropism provides same cooling.Therefore higher cooling load will impose on first cooling circuit 10.Remain on stationary temperature for more cold being offered process-stream 6 with second technological temperature, can increase the flow of the first cooling agent supply logistics 52 first heat exchanger, 20 downstreams.When this flow becomes the first cooling agent logistics 32 greater than heat when entering the flow of second heat exchanger 40, the first cold cooling agent in the supply buffer jar 50 will be consumed and jar in the liquid level of first cooling agent will descend.
From discussing, the front finds out obviously that environment temperature is to the influence of the cooling load that can be obtained by second cooling circuit 60 and the environment temperature first Temperature Influence combinations to process-stream 6.Especially, than under the low ambient temperature, second cooling circuit 60 can provide higher cooling load, allows bigger heat extraction in first cooling circuit 10, the liquid level of the first cold cooling agent in the rising supply buffer jar 50.Simultaneously, the cooling load that is imposed on first cooling circuit by process-stream 6 reduces, this is because aerial cooler 80 can provide bigger cooling, reduces by first technological temperature of process-stream 6, allows the more first cold cooling agent to be accumulated in the supply buffer jar 50.
These influences make the liquid level of first cold in the charging-tank 50 cooling agent increase than under the low ambient temperature, make that temperature increases and can be reduced by the cooling load that second cooling circuit 60 obtains by day, and when being increased by the cooling load that process-stream 6 imposes on first cooling circuit 10, the deposit that can obtain the first cold cooling agent in supply buffer jar 50 is to satisfy the cooling requirement that increases.
In this mode, second cooling circuit of the present invention can be furnished with the capacity lower than conventional apparatus, and this corresponding expenditure of economizing on the use of funds still satisfies the identical operations requirement simultaneously.This will be explained in more detail in the non-limiting examples below.
The loop chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) that sealing is provided is as first cooling circuit.The first cooling agent supply logistics (cooling water) has 25 ℃ the temperature and the first cooling agent return logistics (hot water) and has 40 ℃ temperature.Provide propane compression refrigeration circulation as second cooling circuit.
According to the inventive method, be 58% capacity with the required equipment of conventional peak volume operation with device construction.Especially, find 70MW cooling water/refrigerant heat exchanger (second heat exchanger) and have heat extraction capacity refrigeration system that 70MW comes self-loop 1 and the 40000m that adds
3Chilled(cooling) water supply (CWS) and return tankage size suitable performance is provided comprises the peak value heat extraction from the 120MW at the most of technology.Do not having under the situation of the present invention, second loop (cold-producing medium comprises compressor) will be designed to 120MW.Compressor and remaining propane-cooled circulation (second cooling circuit) therefore are reduced to 58% of the required suitable place capacity of traditional operation.
The figure line of Fig. 2 represents that the cold water buffering charging-tank 50 of device of embodiment and hot water buffering return jars 30 liquid level over time.In this experiment, in the cold feed jar 50 maximum level of cold water be set to 90% and the minimum level returned in jars 30 of hot water buffering be set to 10%.
From Fig. 2, obviously find out, when the corresponding buffering of trough of the liquid level of the buffering charging-tank 50 that the difference between the flow of cold feed logistics 52 and hot water return logistics 32 occurs when maximum is returned the peak value of refrigerant level hot in jars 30.When the cooling load that imposes on first cooling circuit 10 was maximum, this situation appearred under the peak value environment temperature by day.
During night lower environmental condition, when the cooling load that imposes on first cooling circuit 10 reduced, the liquid level of cold water was recovered and second cooling circuit 60 provides more cooling in the buffering charging-tank 50, the coolings that need still less of process-stream 6 simultaneously.
When experience environment temperature on extreme daytime, the day and night cycle shown in the figure line center of Fig. 2 appears.In the single cycle at day/night, the liquid level of cold water can not return to 90% level in the buffering charging-tank 50.When the cooling load that imposed on first cooling circuit in 24 hours during greater than obtainable heat extraction to second cooling circuit, this situation appears.But device of the present invention is operation effectively still, and this is because additional cold water is stored in the buffering charging-tank 50.During the hottest daytime, the liquid level of buffering charging-tank is reduced to about 35% minimum level and returns to about 75% level at night.To cushion that the liquid level of cold water is reduced to about 45% in the charging-tank three hot day subsequently.But when environmental condition returned to normal cycle, device returned to the equilibrium level of cold water and hot water subsequently.
The person skilled in the art will easily understand and to carry out many adjustment, only otherwise depart from scope of the present invention.For example, can be at the second coolant system alternative structure, the compressibility that uses absorption system rather than describe with reference to Fig. 1.
Claims (8)
1. the method for a process for cooling logistics, this method comprises following steps at least:
(a) in first cooling circuit, make the first cooling agent supply logistics and process-stream heat exchange under first technological temperature, thereby producing the first cooling agent return logistics and cold process-stream;
(b) make the first cooling agent return logistics feed first cooling agent and return jar so that first cooling agent of heat to be provided;
(c) return of the first cooling agent logistics of first cooling agent of extraction part heat the jar from first cooling agent as heat;
(d) in second cooling circuit, make second cold cooling agent logistics and the first hot cooling agent logistics heat exchange, thereby produce the first cold cooling agent logistics;
(e) make the first cold cooling agent logistics feed the first cooling agent charging-tank so that the first cold cooling agent to be provided;
(f) from the first cooling agent charging-tank, extract the first cold cooling agent of a part out as the first cooling agent supply logistics;
Wherein the flow of the first cooling agent logistics of the middle heat of step (c) is in response to being controlled by the cooling load that second cooling circuit obtains, with by being fed to the flow that returns buffering by the required cooling control of process-stream, and wherein within a certain period of time the difference between the minimum of process-stream and the maximum cooling load greater than the minimum of second cooling circuit in the described time and the difference between the maximum cooling load.
2. the process of claim 1 wherein that second cooling circuit is any chiller system, for example utilize the compression refrigerating system of cold-producing medium such as propane, ammonia, R-134a or based on the absorption cooling system of lithium bromide.
3. each method of aforementioned claim, wherein first cooling agent comprises water.
4. the method for claim 3, wherein first cooling agent is a cold-producing medium, the cooling agent of preferably propane, ammonia, R-134a or any other commercially available acquisition and wherein second cooling agent be cooling water or surrounding air.
5. each method of aforementioned claim, wherein first cooling agent summation of returning the amount of first cold in the amount of first cooling agent of heat in the jar and the first cooling agent charging-tank cooling agent remains on steady state value.
6. each method of aforementioned claim, wherein step (a)-(g) day and night repeats in the cycle at least one.
7. one kind is used for the device (1) that the process for cooling logistics for example derives from the logistics of natural gas, and this device comprises at least:
First cooling circuit (10), it comprises that first heat exchanger (20), first cooling agent return jar (30), second heat exchanger (40) and the first cooling agent charging-tank (50),
Described first heat exchanger (20) have first inlet (7) that links to each other with process-stream pipeline (6), first outlet (8) that links to each other with cold process-stream pipeline (9), link to each other with the outlet (51) of the first cooling agent charging-tank (50) second enter the mouth (53) and second export (21) with first cooling agent returns that the inlet (23) of jar (30) links to each other, described second heat exchanger (40) has with first cooling agent and returns first inlet (33) that the outlet (31) of jar (30) links to each other, and what link to each other with inlet (43) with the first cooling agent charging-tank (50) first exports (41); With
Second cooling circuit (60), it comprises second heat exchanger (40) and cooling system (70), described second heat exchanger (40) has second inlet (73) that links to each other with the outlet (71) of cooling system and second outlet (45) that links to each other with the inlet (47) of cooling system (70), wherein the cooling system (70) of second cooling circuit (60) comprises compressor, condenser and bloating plant, described compressor has the inlet that links to each other with second outlet of second heat exchanger (40), the outlet that links to each other with the inlet of condenser, described condenser has the outlet that links to each other with the inlet of bloating plant and has the outlet that links to each other with second inlet (73) of second heat exchanger (40) with described bloating plant, with first of first heat exchanger (20) wherein enter the mouth (7) link to each other with the outlet (5) of aerial cooler (80).
8. the device of claim 7, wherein the outlet (31) of returning jar (30) at first cooling agent enters the mouth with first of second heat exchanger (40) and provides first pump between (33), and between second inlet (53) of the outlet (51) of the first cooling agent charging-tank (50) and first heat exchanger (20), provide second pump, wherein in the logistics pipeline (9) of the outlet (8) of heat exchanger (20), provide temperature sensor with the temperature in the characterization processes logistics pipeline (9), described temperature sensor links to each other with first processor, this first processor determines to arrive by first pump clean supply of first cooling agent of first heat exchanger (20), wherein between the inlet (43) of the outlet (41) of second heat exchanger (40) and the first cooling agent charging-tank (50), provide temperature sensor, described sensor links to each other with second processor, this second processor determines to arrive by second pump first cooling agent supply of second heat exchanger (40), wherein in the first cooling agent charging-tank (50), provide liquid level sensor, described liquid level sensor links to each other with the 3rd processor, and the 3rd processor is determined the load of cooling system (70).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07120806 | 2007-11-15 | ||
| EP07120806.0 | 2007-11-15 | ||
| PCT/EP2008/065562 WO2009063055A1 (en) | 2007-11-15 | 2008-11-14 | A method and apparatus for cooling a process stream |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101896780A true CN101896780A (en) | 2010-11-24 |
Family
ID=39446108
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008801199439A Pending CN101896780A (en) | 2007-11-15 | 2008-11-14 | Method and apparatus for cooling a process stream |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20100275645A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101896780A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2008322843B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2705253A1 (en) |
| EA (1) | EA201000802A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009063055A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104611081A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2015-05-13 | 西安交通大学 | Dehydration and dehydrocarbon experimental device for natural gas expansion refrigeration |
| CN108474520A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2018-08-31 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | liquefied fuel gas system and method |
| US11698169B2 (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2023-07-11 | Shell Usa, Inc. | Vessel for the transport of liquefied gas and method of operating the vessel |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101947359B (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2013-06-26 | 武汉依瑞德医疗设备新技术有限公司 | Magnetic field stimulator and cooling method thereof |
| WO2014205216A2 (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2014-12-24 | Bechtel Hydrocarbon Technology Solutions, Inc. | Systems and methods for natural gas liquefaction capacity augmentation |
| US9827602B2 (en) | 2015-09-28 | 2017-11-28 | Tesla, Inc. | Closed-loop thermal servicing of solvent-refining columns |
| US11639824B2 (en) | 2020-04-30 | 2023-05-02 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Process for enhanced closed-circuit cooling system |
| KR102228198B1 (en) | 2020-09-02 | 2021-03-17 | 쿠팡 주식회사 | Electronic apparatus and information providing method thereof |
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| JPS61125562A (en) * | 1984-11-24 | 1986-06-13 | 日立造船株式会社 | Absorption type refrigeration system |
| US5596878A (en) * | 1995-06-26 | 1997-01-28 | Thermo King Corporation | Methods and apparatus for operating a refrigeration unit |
| FR2787870B1 (en) * | 1998-12-24 | 2001-02-02 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR FRACTIONATION OF A HIGH PRESSURE GAS |
| US6148634A (en) * | 1999-04-26 | 2000-11-21 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Multistage rapid product refrigeration apparatus and method |
| EP1134514A1 (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2001-09-19 | Société des Produits Nestlé S.A. | Refrigeration system |
| US6293106B1 (en) * | 2000-05-18 | 2001-09-25 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Magnetic refrigeration system with multicomponent refrigerant fluid forecooling |
| WO2001090663A1 (en) * | 2000-05-26 | 2001-11-29 | Thermal Energy Accumulator Products Pty Ltd | A multiple-use super-efficient heating and cooling system |
| US7356997B2 (en) * | 2002-05-29 | 2008-04-15 | Gruber Duane A | Chilled water storage for milk cooling process |
| JP2007071519A (en) * | 2005-09-09 | 2007-03-22 | Sanden Corp | Cooling system |
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2008
- 2008-11-14 WO PCT/EP2008/065562 patent/WO2009063055A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-11-14 CN CN2008801199439A patent/CN101896780A/en active Pending
- 2008-11-14 US US12/742,674 patent/US20100275645A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-11-14 EA EA201000802A patent/EA201000802A1/en unknown
- 2008-11-14 CA CA2705253A patent/CA2705253A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-11-14 AU AU2008322843A patent/AU2008322843B2/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104611081A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2015-05-13 | 西安交通大学 | Dehydration and dehydrocarbon experimental device for natural gas expansion refrigeration |
| CN108474520A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2018-08-31 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | liquefied fuel gas system and method |
| CN108474520B (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2021-08-13 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | Method for filling transport equipment with liquefied gaseous fuel |
| US11698169B2 (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2023-07-11 | Shell Usa, Inc. | Vessel for the transport of liquefied gas and method of operating the vessel |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20100275645A1 (en) | 2010-11-04 |
| CA2705253A1 (en) | 2009-05-22 |
| AU2008322843A1 (en) | 2009-05-22 |
| WO2009063055A1 (en) | 2009-05-22 |
| EA201000802A1 (en) | 2010-12-30 |
| AU2008322843B2 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
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