CN101893512B - Modularized static stiffness testing device for angular contact ball bearings - Google Patents

Modularized static stiffness testing device for angular contact ball bearings Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101893512B
CN101893512B CN2010102170174A CN201010217017A CN101893512B CN 101893512 B CN101893512 B CN 101893512B CN 2010102170174 A CN2010102170174 A CN 2010102170174A CN 201010217017 A CN201010217017 A CN 201010217017A CN 101893512 B CN101893512 B CN 101893512B
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China
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radial
contact ball
axial
simulation axle
outer ring
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN2010102170174A
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CN101893512A (en
Inventor
张广鹏
谢永康
段耀东
郭纯
黄玉美
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Xian University of Technology
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Xian University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention provides a modularized static stiffness testing device for angular contact ball bearings. The testing device comprises a square box for fixing the testing device, bearings supported by a simulating shaft, an outer ring sleeve sleeved outside the bearings, axial and radial loading devices and axial displacement and radial displacement measuring devices; the axial displacement measuring device can detect whether the bearings are deflected by adopting two sets of displacement sensors; the radial displacement measuring device can detect whether the radial loads borne by the two bearings are the same by adopting two sets of displacement sensors; and the simulating shaft is positioned through a positioning ring and a loading sleeve during axial stiffness test. By adopting the modularized structural design, the device can realize the static stiffness test of the angular contact ball bearings of different size series, and can test axial stiffness and radial stiffness at the same time. The device has the advantages of simple structure, multiple functions and wide application range, can acquire real stiffness values of the angular contact ball bearings, and has significance for searching the static performance of the angular contact ball bearings and determining reasonable pre-tensioning force of the bearings.

Description

A kind of Modularized static stiffness testing device for angular contact ball bearings
Technical field
The invention belongs to Machine Design manufacturing technology field, be specifically related to a kind of Modularized static stiffness testing device for angular contact ball bearings.
Background technology
Angular contact ball bearing with its can bear axial force and radial force, high speed property simultaneously, advantage such as pretightning force is adjustable; Use supporting member the most widely in the mechanical transmission fields and become; Especially in machine industry, angular contact ball bearing is the main supporting member of present high-speed machine tool main shaft, ball-screw.Because machine tool chief axis is an execution unit, quiet, the dynamic property of angular contact ball bearing will directly affect machine tooling quality and production efficiency, and the characteristic of therefore studying angular contact ball bearing is significant.
Because quiet, the dynamic perfromance of angular contact ball bearing receive the influence of bearing workmanship very big; The bearing of same a kind of specification that different manufacturers is produced; It is quiet, dynamic perfromance differs bigger; And bearing is to use as a unit piece, obtains through test method therefore that bearing is quiet, dynamic characteristic parameter (quiet rigidity, dynamic stiffness, damping etc.) is significant.
Obtain quiet, the dynamic characteristic parameter of bearing, can scientific basis be provided for quiet dynamic perfromance prediction, the crudy of machine tool spindles are forecast, bearing apolegamy rationally etc.Quiet rigidity is very important performance parameter of angular contact ball bearing; The sample of state's outer bearing has only few part that the static rigidity data of bearing products are provided at present; And the quiet stiffness test of bearing products is only done in enterprises by most bearing company, does not externally announce relevant bearing rigidity parameter; The bearing sample of domestic bearing producer provides the stiffness parameters of relevant bearing products hardly, and so just giving in the Machine Tool design rationally, the apolegamy bearing causes difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of Modularized static stiffness testing device for angular contact ball bearings, do not have to be directed against specially the test unit that angular contact ball bearing carries out quiet rigidity to overcome prior art.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: a kind of Modularized static stiffness testing device for angular contact ball bearings comprises square chest, charger and displacement measurement unit; The displacement measurement unit comprises axial displacement test cell and radial displacement test cell; Charger comprises load sleeve, the load screw of passing load sleeve and the force transducer that is fixed on the square chest upper end; The axial displacement test cell comprises axial rigidity test simulation axle and shaft position sensor; The square chest lower end is fixed with locating ring, and the upper end of axial rigidity test simulation axle is arranged in load sleeve, and the lower end is arranged in locating ring, and the axis of axial rigidity test simulation axle and the axis of load screw are located on the same line; Axial rigidity test simulation axle is provided with the measured angle contact ball bearing, and the measured angle contact ball bearing outside is with outer ring set A; Outer ring set A is provided with the shaft position sensor support, and the shaft position sensor support is provided with shaft position sensor; Force transducer is between load screw and axial rigidity test simulation axle top; The radial displacement test cell comprises radial rigidity test simulation axle and radial displacement transducer; The axis of radial rigidity test simulation axle and the axis of load screw intersect vertically; Radial rigidity test simulation axle is provided with two measured angle contact ball bearings, and these two measured angle contact ball bearing outsides are with outer ring set B; Be with inner spacing collar on the radial rigidity test simulation axle between two measured angle contact ball bearings, the inner spacing collar outer setting has outer separator, and it is inboard that outer separator is arranged on outer ring set B; Outer ring set B is provided with the radial displacement transducer support, and the radial displacement transducer support is provided with radial displacement transducer; Force transducer load screw and outside between the ring set B.
Its characteristics are; Set gradually steel ball A, cushion block A, force transducer, cushion block B and steel ball B between load screw and the axial rigidity test simulation axle top, and the axis of load screw, steel ball A, steel ball B and axial rigidity test simulation axle is located on the same line all.
Wherein, also be provided with the axial carrying cover between the lower end of outer ring set A and tested angular contact ball bearing outer ring and the square chest bottom.
Wherein, the shaft position sensor support is provided with two shaft position sensors, and lays respectively at the left and right sides of axial rigidity test simulation axle.
Its characteristics also are; Set gradually steel ball A, cushion block A, force transducer, cushion block B and steel ball B between load screw and the outer ring set B; And the axis of load screw, steel ball A and steel ball B is located on the same line; Intersect vertically with the axis of radial rigidity test simulation axle, promptly two vertical axis are positioned at same plane.
Wherein, radial rigidity test simulation axle is provided with two nuts, and two measured angle contact ball bearings are arranged on the radial rigidity test simulation axle and between two nuts, are provided with spacer ring between nut and the measured angle contact ball bearing.
Wherein, the square chest both sides are fixed with two end covers respectively, and two ends put and also are respectively arranged with set screw, and the two ends of radial rigidity test simulation axle lay respectively in two end covers, and are stuck between two set screw.
Wherein, outer ring set B is connected with tested angular contact ball bearing outer ring through bearing (ball) cover.
Wherein, the radial displacement transducer support is provided with two radial displacement transducers, and these two radial displacement transducers lay respectively near the radial rigidity test simulation axle two ends, and is that line of symmetry is symmetrical set with the axis of load screw.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows; With the angular contact ball bearing is subjects; A kind of static stiffness testing device for angular contact ball bearings is provided; Thereby can obtain the angular contact ball bearing axial rigidity, and different pretightning force effects under the radial rigidity curve, for the choose reasonable of angular contact ball bearing pretightning force and the reasonable apolegamy of angular contact ball bearing provide foundation.This apparatus structure is simple, and function is many, and the scope of application is wide, can obtain real angular contact ball bearing rigidity value, and is significant to the pretightning force of research angular contact ball bearing static properties and definite rational bearing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the axial static stiffness test device structural representation of single bearing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the axial static stiffness test device structural representation that two shaft couplings of the present invention hold;
Fig. 3 is the axial static stiffness test device structural representation that three shaft couplings of the present invention hold;
Fig. 4 is a radially static stiffness test device structural representation of bearing of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the A portion enlarged drawing of Fig. 4.
Among the figure, 1. square chest, 2. load screw, 3. steel ball A, 4. cushion block A, 5. force transducer; 6. cushion block B, 7. steel ball B, 8. load sleeve, 9. axial rigidity test simulation axle, 10. measured angle contact ball bearing, 11. outer ring set A; 12. set screw, 13. bearing (ball) covers, 14. axial carrying covers, 15. locating rings, 16. shaft position sensor supports, 17. shaft position sensors; 18. gasket ring, 19. radial rigidity test simulation axles, 20. inner spacing collars, 21. outer separators, 22. outer ring set B; 23. the radial displacement transducer support, 24. radial displacement transducers, 25. nuts, 26. spacer rings, 27. end covers.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done further explain.
The invention discloses a kind of Modularized static stiffness testing device for angular contact ball bearings, comprise square chest 1, charger and displacement measurement unit; The displacement measurement unit comprises axial displacement test cell and radial displacement test cell.
As shown in Figure 1, charger (the suffered axial force of reflection bearing) comprises load sleeve 8 and the load screw 2 of passing load sleeve 8, and load sleeve 8 passes through screw retention in square chest 1 upper end; The axial displacement test cell comprises axial rigidity test simulation axle 9 (the simulation brearing bore is connected with axle) and shaft position sensor 17; The lower end of square chest 1 is fixed with locating ring 15; The upper end of axial rigidity test simulation axle 9 is arranged in load sleeve 8; The lower end is arranged in locating ring 15; Top and bottom through load sleeve 8 and 15 pairs of axial rigidity test simulations of locating ring axle 9 position, and guarantee the axial line of load through axial rigidity test simulation axle 9; Axial rigidity test simulation axle 9 is provided with measured angle contact ball bearing 10; The outside of measured angle contact ball bearing 10 is with outer ring set A11 (the simulation bearing top circle is connected with casing); Also be provided with axial carrying cover 14 between the lower end of outer ring set A11 and measured angle contact ball bearing 10 outer rings and square chest 1 bottom, be used to support measured angle contact ball bearing 10 outer rings; Outer ring set A11 is provided with shaft position sensor support 16, and shaft position sensor support 16 is provided with two shaft position sensors 17, lays respectively at the left and right sides of axial rigidity test simulation axle 9.Set gradually steel ball A3, cushion block A4, force transducer 5, cushion block B6 and steel ball B7 between load screw 2 and axial rigidity test simulation axle 9 tops, and the axis of load screw 2, steel ball A3, steel ball B7 and axial rigidity test simulation axle 9 is located on the same line.
In the test of diagonal angle contact ball bearing 10 axial rigidities; Load screw 2 imposes on acting force the upper end of axial rigidity test simulation axle 9 through steel ball A3, cushion block A4, force transducer 5, cushion block B6, steel ball B7; Thereby realize axially loading, the axial load size records through force transducer 5.Because outer ring set A11 contacts with the outer ring of measured angle contact ball bearing 10; The shaft shoulder of axial rigidity test simulation axle 9 contacts with the inner ring of measured angle contact ball bearing 10; Shaft position sensor 17 is fixed on the shaft position sensor support 16; Shaft position sensor support 16 is fixed on the outer ring set A11, and therefore, what record through two shaft position sensors 17 is the relative displacement between measured angle contact ball bearing 10 Internal and external cycles; This is the axial deformation of measured angle contact ball bearing 10; Through measured axial load and corresponding axial displacement value are carried out match, can obtain the function relation curve between axial load and 10 axial deformations of measured angle contact ball bearing, if being carried out differentiate, this function can obtain the relation curve between measured angle contact ball bearing 10 axial rigidities and the axial load.Here adopt two shaft position sensors 17, and lay respectively at the left and right sides of axial rigidity test simulation axle 9, purpose is to monitor measured angle contact ball bearing 10 whether run-off the straight in loading procedure, thereby guarantees the validity of measured value.
Like Fig. 2, shown in 3, in the measured angle contact ball bearing 10 axial rigidities test that two joint groups are joined, three joint groups are joined, only need to change outer ring set A11 again, make that outer ring set A11 is enclosed within measured angle contact ball bearing 10 outsides that two joint groups are joined, three joint groups are joined; Between load sleeve 8 and square chest 1, gasket ring 18 can be set in addition, come the height of bed hedgehopping load sleeve 8, thereby axial rigidity test simulation axle 9 is upwards promoted certain height, join the rigidity test of bearing to adapt to many joint groups.So only need change outer ring set A11 and gasket ring 18, just can realize the axial rigidity test that two joint groups are joined, three joint groups are joined bearing.
As shown in Figure 4, charger (the suffered radial force of reflection bearing) comprises load sleeve 8 and the load screw 2 of passing load sleeve 8, and load sleeve 8 passes through screw retention in square chest 1 upper end.The radial displacement test cell comprises radial rigidity test simulation axle 19 (the simulation brearing bore is connected with axle) and radial displacement transducer 24; Square chest 1 left and right sides is fixed with respectively on 27, two end covers 27 of two end covers and also is respectively equipped with set screw 12, and the two ends of radial rigidity test simulation axle 19 lay respectively in two end covers 27, and are stuck between two set screw 12.The axis of radial rigidity test simulation axle 19 and the axis of load screw 2 intersect vertically, and two vertical axis are positioned at same plane; Radial rigidity test simulation axle 19 is provided with two measured angle contact ball bearings 10; Be screwed with two nuts 25 on the radial rigidity test simulation axle 19; Two measured angle contact ball bearings 10 are arranged on two radial rigidity test simulation axles 19 between the nut 25; And being provided with spacer ring 26 between nut 25 and the measured angle contact ball bearing 10, is that two measured angle contact ball bearings 10 are fixed on the radial rigidity test simulation axle 19 in the purpose that two nuts 25 are set on the radial rigidity test simulation axle 19.Two measured angle contact ball bearing 10 outsides are with outer ring set B22 (the simulation bearing top circle is connected with casing), and outer ring set B22 is connected with measured angle contact ball bearing 10 outer rings through two bearing (ball) covers 13; As shown in Figure 5; Be with inner spacing collar 20 on the radial rigidity test simulation axle 19 between two measured angle contact ball bearings 10, outer ring set B22 inboard is provided with outer separator 21, outer separator 21 and inner spacing collar 20 are simultaneously between two measured angle contact ball bearings 10 and be inside and outside setting.Outer ring set B22 is provided with radial displacement transducer support 23; Radial displacement transducer support 23 is provided with two radial displacement transducers 24; These two radial displacement transducers 24 lay respectively near radial rigidity test simulation axle 19 two ends, and are that line of symmetry is and is symmetrical set with the axis of load screw 2.Set gradually steel ball A3, cushion block A4, force transducer 5, cushion block B6 and steel ball B7 between load screw 2 and the outer ring set B22; And the axis of load screw 2, steel ball A3 and steel ball B7 is located on the same line; Intersect vertically with the axis of radial rigidity test simulation axle 19, promptly two vertical axis are positioned at same plane.
In to the test of measured angle contact ball bearing 10 radial rigidities; Because the existence of measured angle contact ball bearing 10 contact angles; The radial rigidity of single measured angle contact ball bearing 10 is difficult to measure; This device carries out symmetry to two identical measured angle contact ball bearings 10 (two identical measured angle contact ball bearings 10 are that the axis with load screw 2 is that line of symmetry left-right symmetric on radial rigidity test simulation axle 19 is installed) is installed, and tests its radial rigidity, gets its half radial rigidity as single measured angle contact ball bearing 10; The pretightning force of two measured angle contact ball bearings 10 at this moment directly influences its radial rigidity value; As shown in Figure 5, inner spacing collar 20 and outer separator 21 are set between two measured angle contact ball bearings 10, (thickness of inner spacing collar 20 is h2 to the thickness difference through interior outer separator; The thickness of outer separator 21 is h1, and the thickness difference of interior outer separator is the difference of h1 and h2 just) control pretightning force size.Through load screw 2 acting force is imposed on outer ring set B22 through steel ball A3, cushion block A4, force transducer 5, cushion block B6 and steel ball B7; The radial load size records through force transducer 5, and the radial displacement of measured angle contact ball bearing 10 records through radial displacement transducer 24.Because radial displacement transducer 24 is fixed on the outer ring set B22 through radial displacement transducer support 23; The inner ring of measured angle contact ball bearing 10 contacts with radial rigidity test simulation axle 19; Therefore the radially relative displacement that records of two radial displacement transducers 24 be measured angle contact ball bearing 10 bearings itself, measured angle contact ball bearing 10 with outer ring set B22 joint portion, measured angle contact ball bearing 10 and radial rigidity test simulation axle 19 joint portion threes' distortion sum (in order to narrate convenience; Be referred to as the bearing radial displacement); This is consistent with actual conditions, must be in contact with one another with casing (outer ring set), axle when reason is the bearing use.
In the test of angular contact ball bearing radial rigidity; Bearing radial displacement and measured angle contact ball bearing 10 through testing under the different pretightning force effects hold radial load; Can simulate this function relation curve between the two; Through to this function differentiate, further obtain under the different pretightning force effects, measured angle contact ball bearing 10 holds the relation curve between radial load and the radial rigidity again.
It is that axis with load screw 2 is the symmetrical structure of line of symmetry that radial rigidity test simulation axle 19 is installed on two end covers 27, and the axis of the axis of radial rigidity test simulation axle 19 and load screw 2 intersects vertically.Two identical measured angle contact ball bearings 10 also are that the axis with load screw 2 is that the line of symmetry symmetry is installed on the radial rigidity test simulation axle 19.Two radial displacement transducers 24 lay respectively near radial rigidity test simulation axle 19 two ends, and are that line of symmetry is and is symmetrical set with the axis of load screw 2.Therefore whether two cover radial displacement transducers 24 can monitor radial rigidity test simulation axle 19 and deflect; Through regulating axial (level) relative position that two set screw 12 can be adjusted radial rigidity test simulation axle 19; To guarantee that radial loaded through the center between two measured angle contact ball bearings 10, makes two measured angle contact ball bearings 10 bear same radial power.
Through changing outer race cover B22, radial rigidity test simulation axle 19 and interior outer separator 20,21, can realize the radial rigidity test of different size bearing under different pretightning forces.
In apparatus of the present invention; Because axial displacement test cell and the shared charger of radial displacement test cell; So in a square chest 1, can not test the axial rigidity and the radial rigidity of measured angle contact ball bearing 10 simultaneously; Such as removing the axial displacement test cell again after the axial rigidity test of accomplishing earlier measured angle contact ball bearing 10, the radial displacement test cell is installed in square chest 1 then measured angle contact ball bearing 10 is carried out the radial rigidity test.
Apparatus of the present invention adopt modular construction, in a square chest 1, not only can carry out the angular contact ball bearing stiffness test of plurality of specifications series, and can axially reach the radial rigidity test.

Claims (7)

1. a Modularized static stiffness testing device for angular contact ball bearings is characterized in that: comprise square chest (1), charger and displacement measurement unit; Said displacement measurement unit comprises axial displacement test cell and radial displacement test cell;
Said charger comprises load sleeve (8) that is fixed on square chest (1) upper end and the load screw (2) of passing load sleeve (8); The lower end of load screw (2) is disposed with steel ball A (3), cushion block A (4), force transducer (5), cushion block B (6) and the steel ball B (7) that is positioned at load sleeve (8);
The below of said steel ball B (7) is provided with axial displacement test cell or radial displacement test cell;
Said axial displacement test cell comprises axial rigidity test simulation axle (9) and shaft position sensor (17); Said square chest (1) lower end is fixed with locating ring (15), and the upper end of axial rigidity test simulation axle (9) is arranged in load sleeve (8), and the lower end is arranged in locating ring (15); Axial rigidity test simulation axle (9) is provided with measured angle contact ball bearing (10), and measured angle contact ball bearing (10) outside is with outer ring set A (11); Said outer ring set A (11) is provided with shaft position sensor support (16), and shaft position sensor support (16) is provided with shaft position sensor (17);
When the below of steel ball B (7) be provided be the axial displacement test cell time; Steel ball B (7) withstands on the top of axial rigidity test simulation axle (9), and the axis of load screw (2), steel ball A (3), steel ball B (7) and axial rigidity test simulation axle (9) all is located on the same line;
Said radial displacement test cell comprises radial rigidity test simulation axle (19) and radial displacement transducer (24); Radial rigidity test simulation axle (19) is provided with two measured angle contact ball bearings (10), and this two measured angle contact ball bearings (10) outside is with outer ring set B (22); Be with inner spacing collar (20) on the radial rigidity test simulation axle (19) between said two measured angle contact ball bearings (10), inner spacing collar (20) outer setting has outer separator (21), and outer separator (21) is arranged on outer ring set B (22) inboard; Said outer ring set B (22) is provided with radial displacement transducer support (23), and radial displacement transducer support (23) is provided with radial displacement transducer (24);
When the below of steel ball B (7) be provided be the radial displacement test cell time; Steel ball B (7) withstands on the outside surface of outer ring set B (22); And the axis of load screw (2), steel ball A (3) and steel ball B (7) is located on the same line; Intersect vertically with the axis of radial rigidity test simulation axle (19), promptly two vertical axis are positioned at same plane.
2. static stiffness test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also be provided with axial carrying cover (14) between the lower end of said outer ring set A (11) and measured angle contact ball bearing (10) outer ring and square chest (1) bottom.
3. static stiffness test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: shaft position sensor support (16) is provided with two shaft position sensors (17), and lays respectively at the left and right sides of axial rigidity test simulation axle (9).
4. static stiffness test device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said radial rigidity test simulation axle (19) is provided with two nuts (25); Two measured angle contact ball bearings (10) are arranged on the radial rigidity test simulation axle (19) and are positioned between two nuts (25), are provided with spacer ring (26) between nut (25) and the measured angle contact ball bearing (10).
5. static stiffness test device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said square chest (1) both sides are fixed with two end covers (27) respectively; Also be respectively arranged with set screw (12) on two end covers (27); The two ends of radial rigidity test simulation axle (19) lay respectively in two end covers (27), and are stuck between two set screw (12).
6. static stiffness test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: outer ring set B (22) is connected with measured angle contact ball bearing (10) outer ring through bearing (ball) cover (13).
7. static stiffness test device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: radial displacement transducer support (23) is provided with two radial displacement transducers (24); These two radial displacement transducers (24) lay respectively near radial rigidity test simulation axle (19) two ends, and are that line of symmetry is symmetrical set with the axis of load screw (2).
CN2010102170174A 2010-07-05 2010-07-05 Modularized static stiffness testing device for angular contact ball bearings Expired - Fee Related CN101893512B (en)

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