CN101887381A - Method and device for configuring timing tasks based on Quartz frame - Google Patents
Method and device for configuring timing tasks based on Quartz frame Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for configuring timing tasks based on a Quartz frame, comprising the following steps of: 102, setting timing service interfaces; 104, increasing the tasks by users through the timing service interfaces, appointing the time rules of the tasks and allocating unique identification to the tasks; and 106, according to the time rules, executing the tasks by using the corresponding service interfaces according to the unique identifications in the preset time. The invention also provides a device for configuring timing tasks based on the Quartz frame. By adopting the technical scheme, the invention can be used for looking up the running states of the tasks in real time, dynamically increasing the tasks and suspending, recovering and removing the timing tasks.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to timed task scheduling, in particular to a kind of method and apparatus of the configuring timing tasks based on the Quartz framework.
Background technology
In based on SAAS (Software as a Service, software is promptly served) enterprise application system, often need to add the task scheduling function, require the acquisition fixed time regularly to go to carry out service logic.
Existing based on SAAS system timed task implementation method:
1.crontab order
Introduce: the crontab order is common among the operating system of Unix and class Unix, is used to be provided with the instruction that periodically is performed.This order is from the standard input device reading command, and it is deposited in " crontab " file, for after read and carry out.
This speech derives from Greek chronos (χ ρ ó ν ο ζ), and original meaning is the time.Usually, the instruction that crontab stores is activated by finger daemon, and crond is usually at running background, and whether each minute checked has predetermined operation to need to carry out.This class operation is commonly referred to as cron jobs.
Its shortcoming: (1), crontab are system-level orders, and be very complicated during the migration of application program between multiple systems;
(2), crontab can't be built in the web container and manage;
(3), close at every turn, need the system manager of specialty to operate when suspending timed task.
2.java.util.timer class
Introduce: a kind of very practical thread function is provided in the kit of Java2: arrange in the future certain period to carry out the Timer of certain task, TimerTask in advance.Can use these classes to create background process, be allowed to condition at and carry out after waiting for one section official hour, perhaps allow it carry out at set intervals.TimerTask has realized the Runnable interface, and pending task places run ().Timer is a class of arranging TimerTask, and both generally work together for this.At first should create the object of a TimerTask when using, carry out it with the class object arrangement of a Timer then
Its shortcoming:,, need carry out secondary development if in program run, realize functions such as time-out or recovery timed task though the java.util.timer class is very practical.
3.Quartz framework
Introduce: Quartz (OpenSymphony increases income and is organized in the project of increasing income in job placement (Jobscheduling) field) is a job scheduling framework of increasing income, provide simply but powerful mechanism for carry out job scheduling in java application, Quartz allows the developer to come schedule job according to the time interval (or sky).It has realized the many-to-many relationship of operation and trigger, can also be related with different triggers a plurality of operations.It not only can realize all functions of preceding two kinds of timed tasks, and only need dispose the management that just can realize timed task a little in system.
Its shortcoming: though the function of Quartz is very practical, can not dynamically increase, suspend, recover, remove timed task.
Therefore, need a kind of mode of novel configuring timing tasks, can realize real time inspection task run state, and dynamically increase task, suspend, recover, remove timed task.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is, a kind of mode of configuring timing tasks is provided, and can realize real time inspection task run state, and dynamically increase task, suspends, recovers, removes timed task.
In view of this, the invention discloses a kind of method of the configuring timing tasks based on the Quartz framework, comprising: step 102 is provided with timing service interfaces; Step 104, the user is by timing service interfaces, and the increase task is specified the time rule of described task, and is described Task Distribution unique identification; Step 106 according to described time rule, goes up at the fixed time, uses the corresponding service interface to carry out described task according to described unique identification.In this technical scheme, by the instant configuration of timing service interfaces realization to timing services.
In technique scheme, preferably, described step 104 also comprises: described user by described timing service interfaces to other tasks suspend, recovery or deletion action.
In technique scheme, preferably, the described time rule of described user's appointment is stored in the database, and described step 104 also comprises: described user is from obtaining the time rule of all tasks from described database by inquiry.
In technique scheme, preferably, described step 102 also comprises: to obtain the relevant information of described all tasks, wherein, described relevant information comprises priority and task status to described user by inquiry.
In technique scheme, preferably, the thread of carrying out described task obtains from thread pool.In this technical scheme, improve the efficient of executing the task by thread pool.
The invention also discloses a kind of device of the configuring timing tasks based on the Quartz framework, comprising: timing service interfaces; Module is set, is used for supplying the user by described timing service interfaces, the increase task is specified the time rule of described task, and is described Task Distribution unique identification; Trigger according to described time rule, is gone up at the fixed time, uses the corresponding service interface to carry out described task according to described unique identification.In this technical scheme, by the instant configuration of timing service interfaces realization to timing services.
In technique scheme, preferably, described be provided with module also be used for for described user by described timing service interfaces to other tasks suspend, recovery or deletion action.
In technique scheme, preferably, also comprise database module, be used to store the described time rule of described user's appointment, the described module that is provided with also is used for for the user by inquiring about the time rule that obtains all tasks from described database module.
In technique scheme, preferably, described user uses the described operation that module is carried out that is provided with, and finishes by the described graphical interfaces that module is set provides.In this technical scheme, graphical interfaces makes that the operation of configuring timing tasks is simpler.
In technique scheme, preferably, also comprise: the thread pool module is used to provide the thread of carrying out described task.In this technical scheme, improve the efficient of executing the task by thread pool.
According to technical scheme of the present invention, can realize a kind of method and apparatus that disposes timing services, can real time inspection task run state, and dynamically increase task, suspend, recover, remove timed task.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram according to the method for the configuration timing services based on the Quartz framework of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the block diagram according to the device of the configuration timing services based on the Quartz framework of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of the method for the configuration timing services based on the Quartz framework according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram of intraware structure of the Scheduler of Quartz framework;
Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 are the screenshotss synoptic diagram of the device of the configuration timing services based on the Quartz framework according to an embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Describe in detail according to embodiments of the invention below with reference to accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram according to the method for the configuration timing services based on the Quartz framework of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the invention provides a kind of method of the configuring timing tasks based on the Quartz framework, comprising: step 102 is provided with timing service interfaces; Step 104, the user is by timing service interfaces, and the increase task is specified the time rule of described task, and is described Task Distribution unique identification; Step 106 according to described time rule, goes up at the fixed time, uses the corresponding service interface to carry out described task according to described unique identification.In this technical scheme, by the instant configuration of timing service interfaces realization to timing services.
In technique scheme, described step 104 also comprises: described user by described timing service interfaces to other tasks suspend, recovery or deletion action.
In technique scheme, the described time rule of described user's appointment is stored in the database, and described step 104 also comprises: described user is from obtaining the time rule of all tasks from described database by inquiry.
In technique scheme, described step 102 also comprises: to obtain the relevant information of described all tasks, wherein, described relevant information comprises priority and task status to described user by inquiry.
In technique scheme, the thread of carrying out described task obtains from thread pool.In this technical scheme, improve the efficient of executing the task by thread pool.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram according to the device of the configuration timing services based on the Quartz framework of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 2, the present invention also provides a kind of device 200 of the configuring timing tasks based on the Quartz framework, comprising: timing service interfaces 202; Module 204 is set, is used for supplying the user by described timing service interfaces 202, the increase task is specified the time rule of described task, and is described Task Distribution unique identification; Trigger 206 according to described time rule, is gone up at the fixed time, uses the corresponding service interface to carry out described task according to described unique identification.In this technical scheme, by the instant configuration of timing service interfaces realization to timing services.
In technique scheme, described be provided with module 204 also be used for for described user by described timing service interfaces to other tasks suspend, recovery or deletion action.
In technique scheme, also comprise database module, be used to store the described time rule of described user's appointment, the described module 204 that is provided with also is used for for the user by inquiring about the time rule that obtains all tasks from described database module.
In technique scheme, described user uses the described operation that module 204 is carried out that is provided with, and finishes by the described graphical interfaces that module 204 is set provides.In this technical scheme, graphical interfaces makes that the operation of configuring timing tasks is simpler.
In technique scheme, also comprise: the thread pool module is used to provide the thread of carrying out described task.In this technical scheme, improve the efficient of executing the task by thread pool.
Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of the method for the configuration timing services based on the Quartz framework according to an embodiment of the invention.
At first, with the used technology of present embodiment in following explanation:
1.Quartz technology
Quartz has carried out high abstract to the field question of task scheduling, has proposed the notion of these 3 cores of scheduler, task and trigger, and these important key concepts is described by interface and class at org.quartz:
Job: be an interface, have only a method voidexecute (JobExecutionContext context), the developer realizes this interface definition operation task, and the JobExecutionContext class provides scheduling contextual various information.Information during the Job operation is kept in the JobDataMap example;
JobDetail:Quartz when carrying out Job, creates a Job example each again, so it does not directly accept the example of a Job, its receives a Job and realizes class on the contrary, so that the reflex mechanism instantiation Job by newInstance () during operation.Therefore need describe realization class and other the relevant static information of Job by a class, as information such as Job name, description, related audiomonitors, JobDetail has born this role.
Can more specifically understand its function by such constructed fuction: JobDetail (java.lang.String name, java.lang.String group, java.lang.ClassjobClass), this constructed fuction requires to specify the realization class of Job, and group name and the Job title of task in Scheduler;
Trigger: be a class, describe and trigger the Time Triggered rule that Job carries out.Mainly contain these two subclasses of SimpleTrigger and CronTrigger.When only triggering once or carrying out the selection that SimpleTrigger is best suited for the Fixed Time Interval cycle; CronTrigger then can define the scheduling scheme of various complicated time rules by the Cron expression formula: as per 9:00 execution in morning, Monday, Wednesday, afternoon Friday 5:00 execution etc.;
Calendar:org.quartz.Calendar is different with java.util.Calendar, it is the set (can simply org.quartz.Calendar be regarded as the set of java.util.Calendar---java.util.Calendar represents a calendar time point, and the Calendar of no specified otherwise back promptly refers to org.quartz.Calendar) of some calendar particular point in times.A Trigger can be related with a plurality of Calendar, so that get rid of or comprise some time point.
Suppose that we arrange weekly Monday morning 10:00 to execute the task, if but to run into legal red-letter day, task is not then carried out, and at this moment just need use Calendar to fix a point to get rid of on the basis of Trigger trigger mechanism.At the different time segment type, Quartz provides the realization class of several Calendar under org.quartz.impl.calendar bag, as AnnualCalendar, MonthlyCalendar, WeeklyCalendar respectively at annual, every month and define weekly;
Scheduler: the independent operating container of representing a Quartz, Trigger and JobDetail can be registered among the Scheduler, both have separately group and title in Scheduler, group and title are the foundations of a certain object in the Scheduler Search and Orientation container, the group of Trigger and title must be unique, the group of JobDetail and title also must be unique (but can be identical with title with the group of Trigger, because they are dissimilar).Scheduler has defined a plurality of interface methods, allows outside by Trigger and JobDetail in group and title visit and the control container.
Scheduler can be tied to Trigger among a certain JobDetail, and when Trigger triggered, corresponding Job just was performed like this.Job can corresponding a plurality of Trigger, but a Trigger can only corresponding Job.Can create a Scheduler example by SchedulerFactory.Scheduler has a SchedulerContext, and it is similar to ServletContext, and in store Scheduler contextual information, Job and Trigger can be visited the information in the SchedulerContext.SchedulerContext is inner to safeguard these context datas by a Map in the mode of key-value pair, and SchedulerContext is for preserving and obtain the method that data provide a plurality of put () and getXxx ().Can obtain corresponding SchedulerContext example by Scheduler#getContext ();
ThreadPool:Scheduler uses the infrastructure of a thread pool as task run, and task improves operational efficiency by the thread of sharing in the thread pool.
Job has a StatefulJob sub-interface, and representative has the task of state, and this interface is a label interface that does not have method, its objective is the type that allows Quartz know task, so that adopt different carrying into execution a plan.The stateless task has the JobDataMap copy of oneself when carrying out, can not influence the execution of next time to the change of JobDataMap.And have state task to share same JobDataMap example, and each task is carried out and can be preserved to the change that JobDataMap did, and the execution of back can be seen and this change all can the execution of back be made a difference at every turn after also promptly executing the task.
Just because of this reason, stateless Job can concurrently carry out, and has the StatefulJob of state concurrently not carry out, and this means if StatefulJob last time also is not finished, task next time will be blocked wait, be finished up to preceding subtask.Have state task need consider more factors than stateless task, program often has higher complexity, therefore unless necessary, should use stateless Job as far as possible.
If Quartz has used data base persistence task scheduling information, stateless JobDataMap only can keep once when the Scheduler registered task, and has the JobDataMap of state task correspondence all can preserve after executing the task at every turn.
Trigger self also can have a JobDataMap, and its related Job can obtain JobDataMap among the Trigger by JobExecutionContext.getTrigger () .getJobDataMap ().No matter state or stateless task are arranged, the term of execution of task, can not carry out promptly can the execution of next time not being exerted an influence lastingly to the change that JobDataMap did of Trigger yet.
Quartz has perfect incident and monitoring system, most of assembly all has incident, begin incident, close event or the like as incident, scheduler after the preceding incident of task execution, task execution back incident, the preceding incident of trigger triggering, the triggering, can register the interested incident of corresponding listener process.
Fig. 4 has described the intraware structure of Scheduler, and SchedulerContext provides the Scheduler overall situation visible contextual information, all corresponding JobDataMap of each task, and the JobDataMap that dotted line is expressed represents the task of state should be arranged:
A Scheduler can have a plurality of Triger groups and a plurality of JobDetail group, when registration Trigger and JobDetail, if the group under the not explicit appointment, Scheduler will put in the default set, and the group name of default set is Scheduler.DEFAULT GROUP.Group name and title have been formed full name of object, and full name of same type object can not be identical.
Scheduler itself is exactly a container, and it is being safeguarded the various assemblies of Quartz and is implementing the rule of scheduling.Scheduler also has a thread pool, and thread pool provides execution thread for task---and this creates a new thread when executing the task simply will have higher efficient, simultaneously by sharing taking of economizing on resources.By the support of thread pool assembly, the task scheduling high for busy degree, that pressure is big, Quartz can provide good retractility.
2.Spring in the timer-triggered scheduler technology
Spring has comprised the built-in support class to the timer-triggered scheduler service.Current, Spring supports to begin built-in Timer class and Quartz Scheduler from JDK1.3.The two can pass through FactoryBean, points to Timer respectively or quoting of Trigger example is configured.Further, have to Quartz Scheduler and Timer all effectively the instrument class can allow you call the method (similar common MethodInvokingFactoryBean operation) of certain destination object.
Secondly, the solution of present embodiment realizes thinking:
What is the dynamic timing task: be to formulate generation by the client, service end only knows what task this goes to carry out, but the timing of task is uncertain (being to be formulated by the client).The total so every customization of configuration file timed task of can not revising just increases a trigger, even if allow the client to revise configuration file, always but need restart the web service, the dynamic timing of Quartz in Spring can be found under research
<bean?id＝″cronTrigger″class＝″org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean″>
<property?name＝″jobDetail″ref＝″schedulerJobDetail″/>
<property?name＝″cronExpression″>
<value>0/10****？</value>
</property>
In cronExpression be crucial, if can dynamically arrange the value of cronExpression, just can deal with problems smoothly.We just can not directly use org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean like this, need oneself to realize a dynamic dispatching service class, make up CronTrigger or SimpleTrigger therein, the dynamic-configuration time.
Dynamic dispatching service interface SchedulerService has only a polymorphic method schedule, SchedulerServiceImpl realizes the SchedulerService interface, inject org.quartz.Scheduler and org.quartz.JobDetail, the schedule method can dynamic-configuration org.quartz.CronExpression or org.quartz.SimpleTrigger scheduling time.Then realize the org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean of oneself, in self-defined QuartzJobBean class, inject service class as Rule of judgment according to triggername or triggergroup.
As shown in Figure 3, the step of present embodiment:
Step 306 is revised the Scheduler interface that the timed task configuration need be called Quzrtz;
Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 are the screenshotss synoptic diagram of the device of the configuration timing services based on the Quartz framework according to an embodiment of the invention.
Note transmission platform generally has transmission, reconciliation, the three bulk functions of withholing, each module all will regularly be carried out, suppose that this platform is the WEB program, according to this programme, at first define the task unique identification, it is that SMS_CHECKER, note are withholdd and be SMS_DEDUCTER that note is sent as SMS_SENDER, note reconciliation, and self-defined QuartzJobBean class is injected the Processing Interface of timed task according to the task unique identification in the executeInternal method.Configuration quartz.Properties file and spring configuration file thereof.After the realization, main interface as shown in Figure 5, this page is checked the task real-time running state, can suspend, recover, remove task dispatching, the interface of newly-increased task as shown in Figure 6.Advantage according to the device of present embodiment: revise timed task at every turn and need not to start service; Graphical interfaces is convenient to keeper's operation very much.
And, use the crontab command configuration timed task in the linux system at general example scene (note transmission platform), and note transmission, reconciliation, to withhold and respectively dispose a timed task, each timed task starts a process and carries out corresponding service.Its shortcoming: timed task relies on very much operating system, is not easy to transplant; Do not have administration interface easily, revise timed task at every turn and all want the keeper to carry out numerous and diverse linux order.
In sum, the method and apparatus of the configuration timing services that realizes according to technical scheme of the present invention, advantage is:
1. the ease for maintenance of timed task: the operator only need in background program, do shirtsleeve operation just can realize timed task newly-increased, suspend, recover, deletion.
2. its ease for use height of developer's angle: as long as import the needed jar bag of quartz, carry out the quartz database script, configuration quartz.properties, applicationContext-quartz.xml file for the developer.
The above is the preferred embodiments of the present invention only, is not limited to the present invention, and for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and variation.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the method based on the configuring timing tasks of Quartz framework is characterized in that, comprising:
Step 102 is provided with timing service interfaces;
Step 104, the user is by timing service interfaces, and the increase task is specified the time rule of described task, and is described Task Distribution unique identification;
Step 106 according to described time rule, goes up at the fixed time, uses the corresponding service interface to carry out described task according to described unique identification.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described step 104 also comprises:
Described user by described timing service interfaces to other tasks suspend, recovery or deletion action.
3. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the described time rule of described user's appointment is stored in the database,
Described step 104 also comprises:
Described user is from obtaining the time rule of all tasks from described database by inquiry.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described step 102 also comprises:
To obtain the relevant information of described all tasks, wherein, described relevant information comprises priority and task status to described user by inquiry.
5. according to each described method in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that the thread of carrying out described task obtains from thread pool.
6. the device based on the configuring timing tasks of Quartz framework is characterized in that, comprising:
Timing service interfaces;
Module is set, is used for supplying the user by described timing service interfaces, the increase task is specified the time rule of described task, and is described Task Distribution unique identification;
Trigger according to described time rule, is gone up at the fixed time, uses the corresponding service interface to carry out described task according to described unique identification.
7. device according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described be provided with module also be used for for described user by described timing service interfaces to other tasks suspend, recovery or deletion action.
8. device according to claim 7 is characterized in that, also comprises database module, is used to store the described time rule of described user's appointment,
The described module that is provided with also is used for for the user by inquiring about the time rule that obtains all tasks from described database module.
9. device according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described user uses the described operation that module is carried out that is provided with, and finishes by the described graphical interfaces that module is set provides.
10. according to each described device in the claim 6 to 9, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
The thread pool module is used to provide the thread of carrying out described task.
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