A kind of low-temperature (low temperature) vessel
Technical field
The present invention relates to low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, particularly relate to a kind of limit the quantity of charging device and low-temperature (low temperature) vessel with it for low-temperature (low temperature) vessel.
Background technique
Cryogenic media such as liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon, LNG Liquefied natural gas (LNG) etc. is industrial raw material commonly used.Their operating temperature is lower, and usually is stored in the low-temperature (low temperature) vessel with liquid form.For example, the operating temperature of liquid nitrogen is usually about-196 ℃.Be filled with from filling the source the process of container at the cryogenic media that will liquefy, medium is vaporization constantly, causes container inner pressure to raise.This meeting is so that in the container and fill pressure reduction between the source and reduce even disappear, cause filling and can not proceed.In addition, container inner pressure is too high also can form potential safety hazard.
Therefore, the general emission type that adopts fills now.As shown in Figure 1, be typically provided with liquid inlet pipe 2, outlet pipe 3 on the existing low-temperature (low temperature) vessel 1.In filling process, one side utilizes that liquid inlet pipe 2 fills, one side utilizes outlet pipe 3 to drain steam reducing container inner pressure, thereby keeps in the container and fill stable pressure reduction between the source.Yet, utilizing this method, a part of medium can emit with the form of steam.
In fact, be stored in normally vapor liquid equilibrium state of the interior cryogenic media of low-temperature (low temperature) vessel.Therefore, when filling, need to control the fullness rate of liquid in container.In the prior art, usually arrange one at container 1 and survey full packages 4.In filling process, survey full packages 4 and open, when wherein having liquid to flow out, show that container has reached the fullness rate of design.At this moment, need to manually close the valve of each pipe on the valve in the source of filling and the container, fill stopping.Yet, utilizing this method, a part of medium can be discharged with the form of liquid.
Cryogenic media is through the manufacturing process of complexity and spend a large amount of additional source of energy and expense obtains.In existing container topping up mode, from outlet pipe 3 with survey the medium that full packages 4 discharges and can be wasted inevitably, this not only easily befouling environment also can cause the wasting of resources, can form potential safety hazard if deal with improperly in addition also.Waste how to avoid the filling process medium is a problem anxious to be resolved.
In addition, existing topping up mode needs the staff to focus one's attention on, and in time opens and closes the valve of respective line.For example, if forgetting to open when filling surveys full valve 4, may cause the liquid in the container to surpass safe liquid level, thereby cause danger such as building the pressure, explode tank.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, a kind of charging device of limiting the quantity of for low-temperature (low temperature) vessel is provided, automatically to stop the work that fills in the low-temperature (low temperature) vessel after cryogenic media is filled into settable volume.
Another technical problem that the present invention will solve is, a kind of low-temperature (low temperature) vessel is provided, to avoid the medium waste in the filling process.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of charging device of limiting the quantity of for low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, the described charging device of limiting the quantity of is arranged in the low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, and is connected with the liquid inlet pipe that is used for filling cryogenic media that arranges on the low-temperature (low temperature) vessel.This charging device of limiting the quantity of comprises: valve body, and have the inner chamber of a sealing and be arranged on the liquid entering hole on the valve body and be arranged on liquid outlet on the valve body roof, wherein this liquid entering hole is connected with this liquid inlet pipe, and this liquid outlet is connected with the inside of this low-temperature (low temperature) vessel; The fluid stopping part is arranged in this body cavity and has predetermined weight, is used for the liquid outlet of this valve body of sealing; Float is positioned at outside this valve body, also can moves up and down with the height of this low-temperature (low temperature) vessel cryogenic media liquid level; And link, pass the liquid outlet of this valve body and be fixedly connected with this fluid stopping part and this float, wherein, the internal diameter of this liquid outlet is greater than diameter one preliminary dimension of this link.
Preferably, the described charging device of limiting the quantity of also comprises the liquid outlet that is arranged on this valve body and the spoiler between this float, and wherein this spoiler is provided with the through hole that passes for this link, and the internal diameter of this through hole is suitable with the diameter of this link.
Preferably, this spoiler is the curve form that protrudes towards the float direction.
Preferably, this spoiler is the spherical crown shape.
Preferably, this spoiler is fixed with respect to the position of this valve body liquid outlet.
Preferably, this spoiler is fixed to this liquid inlet pipe.
Preferably, also comprise the one or more fixed connecting pieces that are fixedly connected between this valve body and this low-temperature (low temperature) vessel inwall.
Preferably, this spoiler is fixed on this fixed connecting piece.
Preferably, the internal surface of this valve body roof is configured to the concave surface that the appearance profile with this fluid stopping part is complementary.
Preferably, this fluid stopping part is spheroid form.
Preferably, this liquid entering hole is arranged on the sidewall of this valve body.
For achieving the above object, the present invention also provides a kind of low-temperature (low temperature) vessel of storing cryogenic media, which is provided be used to the liquid inlet pipe that fills this cryogenic media.In this low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, also be provided with the aforesaid charging device of limiting the quantity of.Wherein, when the cryogenic media in this low-temperature (low temperature) vessel arrived the appointment liquid level, this float come-up was also so that this fluid stopping part seals the liquid outlet of this valve body.
Preferably, the described charging device of limiting the quantity of is positioned at the position near this low-temperature (low temperature) vessel top.
Utilize the present invention, can be in need not discharging container container be filled in the situation of medium, thereby realized harmless filling, avoided the wasting of resources, reduced cost, be conducive to simultaneously environmental protection.By the limit the quantity of mounting point of charging device of calculative determination, can control exactly the amount of liquid that is filled with low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, thereby stopped may exist in the prior art overcharge phenomenon and overvoltage dangerous (such as fried tank).When low-temperature (low temperature) vessel of the present invention is filled medium, the valve that can need not to open discharge pipe and survey full packages; Even can need not discharge pipe of the prior art to be set and/or to survey full packages at container.Limit filling device of the present invention can the actual demand specific design, thereby can satisfy the different filling rate requirement of client.In addition, limit filling device structure of the present invention is small and exquisite, thereby basically can the carrying volume of container not impacted.
The present invention is described in detail with detailed mode of execution below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing low-temperature (low temperature) vessel;
Fig. 2 is according to the structural representation that is provided with the low-temperature (low temperature) vessel of the charging device of limiting the quantity of of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural drawing of charging device of limiting the quantity of among Fig. 2, and wherein liquid outlet is in open mode; And
Fig. 4 is and the similar view of Fig. 3 that wherein liquid outlet is in closed state.
Embodiment
Fig. 2 shows according to low-temperature (low temperature) vessel 10 of the present invention, and container is provided with the liquid inlet pipe 12 that fills cryogenic media for the inner chamber 11 to container 10.In container 10, also be provided with the charging device 20 of limiting the quantity of that links to each other with liquid inlet pipe 12.
As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, the charging device 20 of limiting the quantity of comprises a valve body 21.Valve body 21 has the closed inner chamber 214 of the hollow of being surrounded by sidewall 211, roof 212 and diapire 213.On valve body 21, for example on its sidewall 211, be provided with the liquid entering hole 215 that is connected with liquid inlet pipe 12; And be provided with the liquid outlet 216 that is connected with the inner chamber 11 of container 10 at its roof 212, thereby so that the body cavity 214 of this sealing be connected with liquid inlet pipe 12 and container intracavity 11 respectively by liquid entering hole 215 and liquid outlet 216.Like this, can only enter body cavity 214 via liquid entering hole 215 first from the cryogenic media of liquid inlet pipe 12, and then enter container intracavity 11 via liquid outlet 216.Arrow among Fig. 3 specifically illustrated medium from liquid inlet pipe 12 to container intracavity the flow direction 11.Certainly, liquid entering hole 215 also can be arranged on other position of valve body 21, as is arranged on (not shown) on the position of departing from mutually with liquid outlet 216 on the roof 212.In the inner chamber 214 of valve body, be provided with the fluid stopping part 22 that matches with liquid outlet 216.Be outside equipped with float 23 at valve body.A connection piece 24 passes liquid outlet 216 and fluid stopping part 22 and float 23 is fixedly attached to together.Wherein, the internal diameter of liquid outlet 216 is set to larger than diameter one preliminary dimension of link 24, so that cryogenic media can successfully leave body cavity 214 via liquid outlet 216.Need to prove that owing to draw, the size of link 24 is reduced in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.Link 24 can be the connecting rod of rigidity, also can be flexible connecting strand.
Fluid stopping part 22 has predetermined weight, and it can not floated in cryogenic media.Like this, even be full of in body cavity 214 in the situation of cryogenic media, fluid stopping part 22 still remains on the bottom of body cavity, as shown in Figure 3, and can not affect and the liquid outlet 216 that is positioned on the roof 212.Float 23 is set to and can floats in cryogenic media, thereby can move up and down along with the height of cryogenic media liquid level in the container.Suitably design structure and the size of fluid stopping part 22, float 23 and link 24, so that when the medium in the container arrives predetermined fluid level, float 23 can drive link 24 and fluid stopping part 22 floats also together so that fluid stopping part 22 is blocked liquid outlet 216, as shown in Figure 4, thus cut off from valve body 21 to container 10 medium supply.After valve body liquid outlet 216 was closed, the pressure in liquid inlet pipe 12 and the body cavity 214 can rise rapidly.After detecting this pressure and changing, be used for providing the source that fills of cryogenic media can automatically stop the work that fills to this container.
According to one embodiment of present invention, fluid stopping part 22 can be configured to spheroid form.The internal surface of valve body roof 212 can be set to the shape that the appearance profile with fluid stopping part 22 is complementary, and taper concave surface 217 (seeing Fig. 3) for example is to realize better the sealing of 22 pairs of liquid outlets 216 of fluid stopping part.Certainly, fluid stopping part 22 also can be configured to other suitable and shape, such as cylindrical shape, tabular etc.Float 23 can be hollow ball, hollow cylinder or other shape that is fit to.
Since float 23 be positioned at liquid outlet 216 directly over, thereby from liquid outlet 216 ejection cryogenic media can impact float 23.Impact does not cause float 23 to move when may the liquid level in container 10 arriving predetermined fluid level, and so that move on the fluid stopping part 22, forms misoperation.In order to address this problem, preferably, a spoiler 25 can be set between liquid outlet 216 and float 23.Spoiler 25 is provided with the through hole that passes for link 24, and the diameter of the internal diameter of this through hole and link 24 is suitable, to reduce as much as possible leaving the cryogenic media stream of liquid outlet 216 to the impact of float 23.Like this, the overwhelming majority from the cryogenic liquide with very fast flow velocity and elevated pressures of liquid outlet 216 ejection can at first be sprayed onto on the lower surface of spoiler 25, then splashes in the container downwards, thereby can not affect the stability of float 23.Preferably, spoiler 25 can be set to towards or the curve form that protrudes of float 23 directions dorsad, such as spherical crown shape or parabolic shape etc.Preferably, spoiler 25 can be fixed to and (see Fig. 3) on the liquid inlet pipe 12 or directly be fixed on the valve body 21, make itself and liquid outlet 216 keep intended distances.
Preferably, the charging device 20 of limiting the quantity of of the present invention also comprises one or more fixed connecting pieces 27, one end of fixed connecting piece 27 is fixed to valve body 23 and the other end is fixed to the inwall of low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, for example be welded on the end socket and/or cylindrical shell of inwall, to improve the force-bearing situation between liquid inlet pipe 12 and the valve body 21.According to actual needs, fixed connecting piece 27 can be configured to structure and the shape of any appropriate.Preferably, fixed connecting piece 27 and liquid inlet pipe 12 are can be with respect to valve body uniform or be symmetrical arranged.Spoiler 25 can further be fixed on the fixed connecting piece 27.Certainly, spoiler 25 also can only be fixed to fixed connecting piece 27.
Preferably, all parts of the charging device 20 of limiting the quantity of such as valve body 21, fluid stopping part 22, float 23, link 24, spoiler 25 and/or fixed connecting piece 27 etc., is made by cryogenic materials such as stainless steels.
Next, specify and utilize the charging device 20 of limiting the quantity of of the present invention to fill the process of cryogenic media to low-temperature (low temperature) vessel 10.
In the beginning of filling process, fluid stopping part 22 is because action of gravitation is positioned at the bottom of body cavity 214.The liquid cryogenic media that fills in the (not shown) of source at first enters body cavity 214 from liquid inlet pipe 12 and liquid entering hole 215, enters container intracavity 11 via liquid outlet 216 again.Usually, the cryogenic media that fills in the source has than pressure larger in the container to be filled and lower temperature.Therefore, the medium that has just sprayed from liquid outlet 216 also has lower temperature.Preferably, the charging device 20 of limiting the quantity of is arranged on the position on close container top, thereby can utilizes media cooling of these just ejections to be gathered in the medium steam on container top, even it is liquefied again.Like this, the pressure in the container 10 can effectively be reduced, and need not to recycle outlet pipe steam is discharged, and has avoided waste.The shape of spoiler 25 suitably is set, can optimizes from the unrestrained scope of the medium of liquid outlet 216 ejections, better medium steam is cooled off.
Along with the rising of container 10 interior liquid levels, float 23 is produced buoyancy to liquid medium and buoyancy increases gradually, thereby so that float 23 drives links 24 and fluid stopping part 22 moves on together.When the liquid medium in the container arrived predefined appointment liquid level, float 23 floated to so that fluid stopping part 22 arrives the top of body cavities 214 and closes liquid outlet 216, as shown in Figure 4 on just.At this moment, the medium that enters body cavity 214 from liquid inlet pipe 12 can not enter the inner chamber of container 10 again.Like this, in filling process, need not to utilize the capacity of surveying liquid medium in the full packages inspection instrument, thereby also can not cause the waste of medium.
Usually, the vaporization rate of cryogenic media is very fast.After the liquid outlet 216 of valve body was closed, pressure in liquid inlet pipe 12 and the body cavity 214 can rise rapidly, as can be at 1 second internal pressure, the 2~5bar that raises.And the flow of medium descends rapidly, even is zero.Be arranged on the pressure meter that fills in the pipeline or flowmeter after the unexpected variation that detects this pressure or flow, can be to providing the filling pump (not shown) of power to send shutoff signal for filling the source.Filling pump namely quits work after receiving this shutoff signal.Like this, just realized automatically stopping of whole filling process.Certainly, also can be by automatically stopping that other signals are realized filling.It should be noted that because the present invention can realize filling automatically stopping, thereby the source that fills can be arranged on the position away from container to be filled, thus the Security that has improved filling process.
Do not have the over-charge protective device in the container of prior art, fill with higher pressure and be easy to the danger that causes container to overcharge.In addition, the existing mode that fills need to be exitted when filling, and surveys the full packages trickle and also need through the regular hour to throttle down from observing, thereby to adopt too high pressure to fill be uneconomic.And the low-temperature (low temperature) vessel of limit filling device of the present invention can stop immediately filling operation after arrive specifying liquid level filling, thereby avoided overcharging phenomenon.Thereby container of the present invention can fill with higher pressure, thereby can realize filling fast.For example, for less than the low-temperature (low temperature) vessel about 2000L, the time of filling is generally 3~20 minutes.
Utilize the present invention, can be in need not discharging container container be filled in the situation of medium, that is, can realize harmless filling.Thereby, when filling medium, can and survey the full packages Close All with the outlet pipe on the container.Even, need not outlet pipe to be set and/or to survey full packages at container.
Although should be pointed out that invention has been described by above-mentioned mode of execution, yet the present invention also can have other numerous embodiments.Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; those of ordinary skill in the art obviously can make various corresponding changes and distortion to the present invention, but these changes and distortion all should belong in the scope that claims of the present invention and equivalent thereof protect.