A kind of limit filling device and cryogenic liquid vessel that is used for cryogenic liquid vessel
Technical field
The present invention relates to cryogenic liquid vessel, relate in particular to a kind of limit filling device and cryogenic liquid vessel that is used for cryogenic liquid vessel.
Background technique
Cryogenic media commonly used in the industry, like liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen; Liquid argon, LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas, LNG Liquefied natural gas) equitemperature is lower; So the container of splendid attire cryogenic liquide is made up of inside and outside two-layer container usually at present; Wherein interlayer adopts the vacuum insulation form, in order to the leaking heat of reduction environment to cryogenic liquide, thereby makes cryogenic liquide in storage and transportation process, keep lower loss.
Because the temperature of cryogenic liquide is lower, is example with the liquid nitrogen, operating temperature about-196 ℃, because it is constantly vaporized in filling process, causes jar internal pressure to raise usually, and is as shown in Figure 1, so filling of common vacuum insulation vessel 10 all adopts discharging to fill.One side fills through topping up pipe 11, opens outlet valve 12 simultaneously, and the steam of draining in order to a reduction jar internal pressure, thereby keeps continuing to fill with filling the stable pressure reduction in source.Like this, a part of cryogenic liquide has just been wasted with the form of steam.
Simultaneously, consider under the cryogenic liquide state of equilibrium to be vapor liquid equilibrium certain control is also arranged for the fullness rate of cryogenic liquide; Usually all show that through setting the survey full packages this jar is full of; Promptly surveying has cryogenic liquide to flow out from liquid discharging valve 13 in the full packages, show that jar has reached the design fullness rate, needs manual work to close then and fills the source valve; And the topping up valve on the low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, and then stop to fill.
Cryogenic liquide such as liquid nitrogen are to obtain liquid nitrogen through complicated manufacturing process, and the energy and expense additional in the conversion process are very high.At energy scarcity nowadays; Under the overall situation of energy-conserving and environment-protective,, how fundamentally to improve it and fill the cryogenic liquide device for as why not wasting on the cryogenic liquide of cost great cost acquisition; Thereby reach the purpose that does not waste energy, caused that the researcher pays close attention to widely.
Comprehensively above-mentioned, the problem that the technology of filling of existing cryogenic liquid vessel exists has: the first, the cryogenic gas discharging is arranged in filling process, and cause the waste of environmental pollution and cryogenic liquide; The second, when survey is full in the filling process, there is cryogenic liquide to flow out, cause the waste and the befouling environment of cryogenic liquide; The 3rd, in the topping up process, and need staff's operation of focusing one's attention on after being full of, in time close related valve, hommization is relatively poor; The 4th, Low Temperature Steam and fluid discharge are arranged, dangerous; The 5th, be that liquid discharging valve is forgotten and opened if survey full valve, possibly cause to overcharge, surpassing cryogenic liquid vessel safety liquid level, may cause the danger that builds the pressure and explode jar.Therefore, the cryogenic liquide of existing cryogenic liquid vessel fills technology, on reality is used, obviously has inconvenience and defective, so be necessary to improve.
Summary of the invention
To above-mentioned defective, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of limit filling device and cryogenic liquid vessel that is used for cryogenic liquid vessel, fill with realization the harmless of cryogenic liquide, and guarantee the Security of cryogenic liquide filling process.
In order to realize the foregoing invention purpose, the present invention provides a kind of limit filling device that is used for cryogenic liquid vessel, and said limit filling device is arranged in the said cryogenic liquid vessel, comprising: one has the guide cylinder of an inner chamber, is provided with first through hole, is positioned at the bottom; With a plurality of openings, be positioned at wall portion; One lid covers the top of said guide cylinder, be provided with one be used for topping up first blind hole; With several apertures; Be positioned at the wall portion of this first blind hole; And a float, being maintained at the inner chamber of said guide cylinder, said float top has a vestibule; The aperture of said vestibule cooperates with the external diameter of said first blind hole, and said first blind hole is placed in the said vestibule when said cryogenic liquid vessel is full of cryogenic liquide.
Preferably, several liquid outlets opening setting obliquely on the said lid.Said guide cylinder cooperates the liquid outlet of said lid to be provided with several openings.Said float is provided with second through hole, aims at first through hole of said guide cylinder bottom and first blind hole of said lid respectively.Said float top have one with the corresponding vestibule of said first blind hole.The aperture of said second through hole is all less than the aperture of said first blind hole and said vestibule.The external diameter of said float is provided with a plurality of seal rings, the internal diameter precision-fit of the external diameter of said seal ring and said guide cylinder.
In order to realize above-mentioned another goal of the invention, the present invention also provides a kind of cryogenic liquid vessel, comprises a liquid inlet pipe; Be provided with limit filling device in the said cryogenic liquid vessel; Said limit filling device comprises that one has the guide cylinder of an inner chamber, is provided with first through hole, is positioned at the bottom; With a plurality of openings, be positioned at wall portion; One lid covers the top of said guide cylinder, is provided with first blind hole that is used to install said liquid inlet pipe; With several apertures, be positioned at the wall portion of first blind hole; An and float; Be maintained at the inner chamber of said guide cylinder; Said float top has a vestibule, and the aperture of said vestibule cooperates with the external diameter of said first blind hole, and said first blind hole is placed in the said vestibule when said cryogenic liquid vessel is full of cryogenic liquide.
Described cryogenic liquid vessel, several apertures opening setting obliquely on the wherein said lid.Said guide cylinder cooperates the aperture of said lid to be provided with several openings.
Described cryogenic liquid vessel, wherein said float is provided with second through hole, aims at first through hole of said guide cylinder bottom and first blind hole of said lid respectively.Said float top have one with the corresponding vestibule of said first blind hole.The aperture of said second through hole is all less than the aperture of said first blind hole and said vestibule.The external diameter of said float is provided with a plurality of seal rings; The internal diameter precision-fit of the external diameter of said seal ring and said guide cylinder.
The present invention realizes harmless filling through a limit filling device is set in cryogenic liquid vessel, this limit filling device comprises lid, guide cylinder and float; When the cryogenic liquide in said cryogenic liquid vessel was full of, said float was blocked the liquid outlet of lid, and pressure in the said cryogenic liquid vessel rises, and the source that fills of cryogenic liquide is sensed to close automatically behind the pressure reduction and filled valve and fill stopping.Whereby, limit filling device of the present invention is no cryogenic liquide or cryogenic gas discharging in filling process, not only practiced thrift the energy but also avoided environmental pollution, and whole filling process is safer; When the cryogenic liquide of cryogenic liquid vessel is full of; The present invention will realize closing automatically of related valve; It does not need staff's operation of focusing one's attention on, and need not to worry that the manual operation error causes builds the pressure and fried jar danger, so hommization is better and Security is better yet.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and detailed mode of execution the present invention is elaborated.
Fig. 1 is that cryogenic liquid vessel of the prior art fills structural representation;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that fills of cryogenic liquid vessel provided by the invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of limit filling device provided by the invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of guide cylinder provided by the invention;
Fig. 5 is the sectional drawing along the A-A line among Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 A is the structural representation of lid provided by the invention;
Fig. 6 B is the sectional view along B-B line among Fig. 4 A;
Fig. 7 is the schematic representation that limit filling device of the present invention is in the initial filled position of cryogenic liquide;
Fig. 8 is the schematic representation that limit filling device of the present invention is in the critical filled position of cryogenic liquide.
Embodiment
In order to make the object of the invention, technological scheme and advantage clearer,, the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that fills of cryogenic liquid vessel of the present invention; Said cryogenic liquid vessel 20 comprises liquid inlet pipe 211 and the limit filling device 21 that is arranged in the cryogenic liquid vessel 20, and this limit filling device 21 is used for realizing that cryogenic liquide fills the harmless of cryogenic liquid vessel 20.Liquid inlet pipe 211 1 ends insert in the cryogenic liquid vessel 20; The other end connects a pneumatic pump 23; What this pneumatic pump 23 was arranged at cryogenic liquide fills source 22; Pneumatic pump 23 is through the pressure change in the limit filling device 21 induction cryogenic liquid vessels 20, the control cryogenic liquide fill source 22 fill opening or closing of valve.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of limit filling device provided by the invention; Limit filling device 21 is arranged in the cryogenic liquid vessel 20; Comprise lid 212, guide cylinder 213 and float 214; Wherein: lid 212 covers guide cylinder 213 tops, and the bottom that guide cylinder 213 has an inner chamber and a guide cylinder 213 has first through hole, 2133, the first through holes 2133 can be let cryogenic liquid stream in the cryogenic liquid vessel 20 pass to by means of buoyancy to prop float 214.
Specifically, consult Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, be arranged at intervals with a plurality of walls 2131 on the guide cylinder 213, be used for spacing float 214, between a plurality of walls 2131, define a plurality of openings 2132, be used for discharging cryogenic liquide to tank body.
Shown in Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B, lid 212 is provided with on the wall of first blind hole, 2121, the first blind holes that are used for topping up and also is provided with some apertures 2122 that are used for fluid simultaneously.The orientation of this aperture need match with the opening of guide cylinder 213.Like this; When the liquid inlet pipe 211 of cryogenic liquid vessel 20 is socketed on first blind hole 2121 with the input cryogenic liquide; Be injected into the low-temperature (low temperature) vessel 20 through aperture 2122 and opening 2132 from the cryogenic liquide of first blind hole, 2121 inputs, so that guide cylinder 213 internal pressures and cryogenic liquid vessel 20 internal pressure balances.In one embodiment, liquid inlet pipe 211 is welded to each other with lid 212, and lid 212 is welded to each other with guide cylinder 213.
Float 214 is maintained at the inner chamber of guide cylinder 213, and the internal diameter precision-fit of the external diameter of float 214 and guide cylinder 213.The bottom of guide cylinder 213 offers the plectane of first through hole 2133, in order to blocking float 214, thereby keeps float 214 always in guide cylinder 213, can not drop in the cryogenic liquid vessel 20.Float 214 can be along with the liquid level change of the cryogenic liquide in the cryogenic liquid vessel 20; Inwall along guide cylinder 213 moves up and down; When the liquid level of the cryogenic liquide in the cryogenic liquid vessel 20 equals or is higher than predeterminedly when being full of liquid level, float 214 is blocked the aperture 2122 of lid 212.
Preferably, the preferred coaxial setting of the lid 212 of limit filling device 21, guide cylinder 213 and float 214 threes.The material of lid 212, guide cylinder 213 can be stainless steel or aluminium, and the material of float 214 is that foamed polyurethane or multi cellular glass are cotton.Cryogenic liquide then comprises: liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon and LNG Liquefied natural gas etc.Guide cylinder 213 can weld at lid 212 places with lid 212.
In an embodiment provided by the invention, limit filling device 21 is applied to cryogenic tank case, low-temperature storage tank and the low temperature cylinder less than 2000L.Based on safety, environmental protection, energy-conservation, and the hommization angle considers that the present invention provides a limit filling device 21 for cryogenic liquid vessel 20, the quick limit filling of realization nothing discharging.The present invention can control the cryogenic liquide amount that charges into cryogenic liquid vessel 20 exactly through calculate confirming the mounting point of limit filling device 21, stops the phenomenon that overcharges that possibly occur, thereby has prevented the possible dangerous phenomenon of overvoltage as fried jar etc.Realize harmless filling, need not be provided with or close outlet valve and survey full valve that therefore do not have cryogenic liquide or gas purging, non-environmental-pollution has been practiced thrift the energy simultaneously.
Referring to Fig. 3~shown in Figure 6, the preferably opening setting obliquely of several apertures 2122 on the lid 212, and aperture 2122 is distributed in the periphery of first blind hole 2121.Aperture 2122 apertures keep certain orientation to make cold cryogenic liquide spray to oblique upper; Be used for fully mixing with the Low Temperature Steam that is positioned at cryogenic liquid vessel 20 inner and upper; Thereby make Low Temperature Steam be cooled to cryogenic liquide once more; Thereby reduce cryogenic liquid vessel 20 internal pressures, continue to fill.The opening 2122 of guide cylinder 213 cooperates the aperture 2122 of lid 212, makes cryogenic liquide can be ejected in the cryogenic liquid vessel 20.
Float 214 tops have one and first blind hole, 2121 corresponding vestibules 2141; The external diameter precision-fit of the vestibule 2141 and first blind hole 2121; Form a pressure chamber between its vestibule 2141 and first blind hole 2121 during float 214 come-ups, when cryogenic liquid vessel 20 was full of cryogenic liquide, first blind hole 2121 was placed in the vestibule 2141 fully; And float 214 upper surfaces contact with the lower surface of lid 212 fully, and then the aperture of blocking on the lid 212 2122 stops feed liquor fast.Preferably, float 214 is provided with first through hole 2133 of second through hole, 2142, the second through holes, 2142 difference alignment guide tubes, 213 bottoms and first blind hole 2121 of lid 212.The aperture of second through hole 2142 is all less than the aperture of first through hole 2133 and vestibule 2141.Second through hole 2142 makes raffinate to bleed in the cryogenic liquid vessel 20 through second through hole 2142 and first through hole 2133, thereby can not be collected in the vestibule 2141 and the come-up of float 214 is had a negative impact.
Better, the external diameter of float 214 is provided with a plurality of seal rings, and the internal diameter precision-fit of the external diameter of seal ring and guide cylinder 213 is when reducing float 214 motions and guide cylinder 213 inwall contact friction resistances.In a specific embodiment of the present invention, float 214 is the polyurethane of foaming in the thin stainless steel cylinder, and 214 of floats are processed with two-layer seal ring outward.
Select the size of suitable float 214 in the present invention through calculating, thereby to guarantee being filled into the purpose that can realize limit filling when being scheduled to be full of liquid level to the enough big buoyancy of float 214 generations at cryogenic liquide.As shown in Figure 7, when limit filling device 21 when liquid level is initial liquid level position, the filling source 22 and can begin to continue to fill cryogenic liquide of cryogenic liquide to cryogenic liquid vessel 20.As shown in Figure 8; When limit filling device 21 when liquid level reaches critical (being full of) liquid level position of setting; Can produce the signal that pressure increases suddenly, after pneumatic pump 23 as shown in Figure 2 is sensed pressure and increased, thereby the source that the fills pump of cutting out cryogenic liquide fills stopping; The source 22 that fills of cryogenic liquide can be far away from cryogenic liquid vessel 20, realizes long-range filling.
Be example with the cryogenic liquide liquid nitrogen below, specify the process that the present invention fills cryogenic liquide:
The overcooled liquid of certain pressure upwards sprays through the aperture on the lid 212 2122 from liquid inlet pipe 211, and similar fountain gets in the cryogenic liquid vessel 20.The overcooled liquid that sprays into is cooled to cryogenic liquide once more to the Low Temperature Steam on cryogenic liquid vessel 20 tops and falls into cryogenic liquid vessel 20 bottoms; Thereby reduced the vapor pressure in the cryogenic liquid vessel 20; Can keep filling the pressure reduction in source 22 and the cryogenic liquid vessel 20, continue to fill and need not discharge Low Temperature Steam thereby keep.Rising along with liquid level in the cryogenic liquid vessel 20 makes float 214 upwards float gradually, and float 214 moves upward along guide cylinder 213 inwalls; Set when being full of liquid level when float 214 rises to, float 214 is blocked the aperture 2122 on the lid 212, and receiving very big obstruction from the cryogenic liquide of liquid inlet pipe 211 can't spray in the cryogenic liquid vessel 20 through aperture 2122; Thereby can't cool off the Low Temperature Steam on cryogenic liquid vessel 20 tops; Do not reach the purpose that reduces vapor pressure in the cryogenic liquid vessel 20, make that vapor pressure cryogenic liquid vessel 20 in rise very fast because the cryogenic liquide gasification is very fast this moment; Thereby produce the nearly pressure reduction of 2~5kg rapidly; The pneumatic pump 23 that fills the source cuts off supply automatically when experiencing so bigger pressure reduction, thereby realizes spacing harmless filling.
In case liquid is used, the liquid level of the cryogenic liquide in the cryogenic liquid vessel 20 reduces, and float 214 is not owing to there is enough buoyancy to move downward along guide cylinder 213 inwalls, if cryogenic liquide is used up, then float 214 is with on the guide cylinder of falling 213 base plates.This shows that limit filling device 21 can can't harm limit filling repeatedly, float 214 all can guarantee stable cut-out function.
In sum, limit filling device of the present invention can be realized harmless fill of cryogenic liquide in cryogenic liquid vessel, and concrete advantage is following: at first, the rate that the fills requirement that limit filling device can be different according to the client is made to measure under security situation.This limit filling device can guarantee that the maximum that the fullness rate of the liquid that charges into is no more than designing requirement fills rate, thus overcharging of avoiding that routine possibly cause in filling and cause that container builds the pressure, fried jar danger.Secondly, limit filling device is because filling pressure is higher, and the speed that fills is very fast, and for less than the cryogenic liquid vessel about 2000L, the time of filling is generally 3~20 minutes and gets final product.Moreover limit filling device can be realized not having discharging and fill, and meets the green environment requirement of energy-conserving and environment-protective; Especially possibly cause the expensive cryogenic liquide of environmetal impact for some; Even because discharge of steam also can cause burning, blast has increased safety reliability especially.And, adopt the container of limit filling device provided by the invention can realize long-range filling, need not operator's supervision, more hommization.In addition, the limit filling device reliable in structure can realize the repeated multiple times use, and the limit filling device structure is light and handy, and size is little, and parts are few, and easy processing is reliable under the low temperature, and can the splendid attire volume of container not impacted.
Though should be pointed out that invention has been described through above-mentioned mode of execution, yet the present invention also can have other numerous embodiments.Under the prerequisite that does not break away from spirit and scope of the invention; Those of ordinary skill in the art obviously can make various corresponding changes and distortion to the present invention, but these changes and distortion all should belong in the scope that accompanying claims of the present invention and equivalent thereof protect.