Vacuum belt press filter
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solid-liquid separation dehydration equipment, be specifically related to a kind of vacuum belt press filter.
Background technology
At food, papermaking, industries such as sugaring need be to food, paper pulp, sucrose mix juices etc. filter, and at metallurgy, chemical industry, papermaking, process hides, the alcohol sewage disposal, livestock culture, usually need the waste liquid and the waste residue of association are carried out environmental protection treatment in the industrial production such as urban catering rubbish, and first procedure of waste liquid and waste residue processing is carried out Separation of Solid and Liquid to it exactly, and be after carrying out Separation of Solid and Liquid, the moisture content of waste residue is low more, the utility that not only reclaims from waste liquid is more, and the also easier processing of waste residue, the cost of integrated treatment becomes lower, and obtainable economic benefit will be high more.In various dehydration equipments, owing to have and uninterruptedly to produce continuously, simple to operate, operation expense is low, characteristics such as solid-liquid separation efficiency height, at present, in above-mentioned industry production practices, used belt filter press both at home and abroad morely, it has played effect preferably in processing such as food, paper pulp, sucrose mix juices, and aspect the Separation of Solid and Liquid production of waste liquid and waste residue, various dehydration equipments have also been brought into play bigger effect.But the efficient of Separation of Solid and Liquid is still waiting further raising on the whole, and the water content of separating the back waste residue also has big gap from the requirement of subsequent treatment process, has not adapted to social development and resource has been made full use of the requirement that improves day by day with environmental protection.
In recent years in order to improve the efficient of Separation of Solid and Liquid, it should be noted that belt filter press has fast than existing a lot of equipment aspect Separation of Solid and Liquid, the characteristics of automation and continuous production process, so a lot of fields have begun it is applied in food, paper pulp, sucrose mix juices etc. filter, and at metallurgy, chemical industry, papermaking, process hides, the alcohol sewage disposal, livestock culture, in the Separation of Solid and Liquid in the industrial production such as urban catering rubbish, but still there are many weak points in present belt filter press aspect Separation of Solid and Liquid, for example, at the material that some is had certain viscosity, for example: fecula, during the Separation of Solid and Liquid of the organic waste residues of paper pulp and the contour fiber content of alcohol waste residue, the water content of waste residue can only be reduced to about 75%, it is to dry or biofermentation has all brought great difficulty that such waste residue water content is given following one treatment process.Trace it to its cause, mainly being the self structure design decision, it can't further reduce the water content of waste residue.Because waste residue is subjected to pressure roller high pressure when extruding entering the pair roller crush zone, quite a few flies at the moisture that is extruded the surface of waste residue and attaches on strainer not drippage, after waste residue loses pressure through the pair roller crush zone, because inner high fibrous elasticity structure, it will float on the surface again and the moisture suck-back that attaches on strainer goes back, thereby make the moisture content of waste residue be difficult to be effectively reduced.
In order to solve above-mentioned filter press in expressing process after the material decompression, thereby moisture is gone back to influence the problem of dehydrating effect again by the material suck-back, people improve existing filter press, the most tangible improvement is to have increased vacuum plant at filter press, 91226699.6) and " combined type vacuum belt press filtering machine " (patent No.: 95202832.8) for example Chinese patent discloses " vacuum belt press filtering machine " (patent No.: of people such as Chen Xijie invention, on the architecture basics of original belt filter press, increase by one to three vacuum pressure roller, make the interior material of strainer when being subjected to the extruding force of pressure roller, by the negative pressure of vacuum that forms in the vacuum pressure roller, make the moisture that floats on the material surface under pressure and attach on strainer be sucked into vacuum pressure roller inside, thereby further reduced the moisture of material after the press filtration, obtained certain effect.But still there is deficiency in above-mentioned two patents, be material in strainer by when squeezing, can form the trapezoidal filter cake of shape approximation, be that the thick middle both sides are thin, when the vacuum unit that connects the vacuum pressure roller is opened, when forming negative pressure of vacuum in the vacuum pressure roller, because the bed of material on filter cake both sides is very thin, just at first can be suctioned through by vacuum moment, a large amount of air just enters in the vacuum pressure roller from these both sides, promptly reduces the vacuum in the vacuum pressure roller, makes to be in the pressure roller middle part and only to be subjected to very little negative pressure than the filter cake of thickness portion, even be not subjected to negative pressure basically, so can't be suctioned through at all, owing to do not form path, the moisture in this part filter cake is not sucked away substantially yet, what be sucked away only is moisture in the very thin partial material in both sides, so the overall moisture content of material does not significantly reduce.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, on the basis of original technology, by changing the structure of strainer and vacuum pressure roller, thereby realize the reduction significantly of press filtration material moisture, obtain the vacuum belt press filter of higher integrated treatment benefit.
The present invention is achieved in that vacuum belt press filter, comprise frame, drive unit, dispenser, strainer, roller, strainer cleaning device, strainer deviation correcting device, strainer tensioning apparatus and discharger, described drive unit is installed on the frame, drive roller rotation and strainer running, described roller comprises guide roller, constant voltage pressure roller, carrying roller and vacuum pressure roller, be characterized in: constant voltage pressure roller and/or vacuum furnace are with independent installation or to dress, material is divided into constant voltage press filtration district and vacuum pair roller press filtration district by the working region of press filtration in strainer; Described constant voltage press filtration district is meant that only having one side that pressure roller is installed at the upper and lower surface of two strainer overlay regions up and down pushes material; Described vacuum pair roller crush zone is meant at the upper and lower surface of two strainer overlay regions up and down simultaneously installs the vacuum pressure roller, one side install to strainer push simultaneously to pressure roller; Described is surface sealing or surface common pressure roller, vacuum pressure roller or vacuum slot with holes to pressure roller.
Each installs a pressure roller at least strainer two sides, described vacuum pair roller press filtration district, and its pressure roller quantity is identical or inequality, and the external diameter size is identical or inequality; The constant voltage pressure roller in described constant voltage press filtration district is installed one or more, is surface sealing or surface common pressure roller with holes, or the vacuum pressure roller, or the combination of vacuum pressure roller and common pressure roller.
Described each vacuum pressure roller is the interior more than one vacuum chamber that is provided with at least, at least be provided with two or two above vacuum chambers in the same vacuum chamber of each vacuum pressure roller, vacuum chamber from high to low, distribute successively to both sides from the centre, can form the different vacuum of two or more height at least in same vacuum pressure roller when making work.
Owing to adopted constant voltage pressure roller and/or vacuum furnace so that the mode of dress is carried out press filtration to wet stock, make the press filtration material the time through the vacuum pressure roller, the moisture on the strainer is pumped in the vacuum pressure roller apace; Vacuum chamber distributes to both sides successively from the centre from high to low, makes to form the different vacuum of two or more height in same the vacuum pressure roller at least; Mainly be to consider because the material in the middle of the strainer is thicker, the vacuum maximum, and the material on strainer next door is thinner, the vacuum minimum.
Be provided with the different vacuum chamber of height of vacuum in the described vacuum pressure roller, connect different vacuum units respectively; Perhaps realize by the difference of same vacuum unit by control aspiration caliber size; Perhaps by being installed, control valve control realizes by same vacuum unit, the negative pressure of vacuum that forms in the vacuum pressure roller can all suction through all sites material, surface of extruded material under the effect of pressure roller mechanical presses and the moisture that attaches on strainer are pumped in the vacuum pressure roller apace, thus the reduction significantly of realization press filtration material moisture.
Drive unit of the present invention is frequency modulation motor, electromagnetic adjustable speed motor, or is the oily machine of bavin (vapour); Described drive unit also can be the combination of common electric machine and various speed changers or the combination of various buncher and various speed changers.
Dispenser of the present invention is installed on the filter press frame, also can the fixed-site beyond the filter press frame install.The dispenser exit is equipped with two helical axis that feeding direction is opposite; Helical axis can be two or more.
The strainer tensioning apparatus is installed on the strainer of the present invention, and the strainer tensioning apparatus is pneumatic, hydraulic pressure, or the mechanical adjustment mechanism of spring, or other mechanical adjustment mechanism.
The pressure roller quantity of above-described vacuum pair roller crush zone is identical or inequality, and external diameter size is identical or inequality, and the constant voltage pressure roller is all round rollers of sealing or surperficial half-open hole, semi-enclosed round roller of surface; Described constant voltage pressure roller can have one or more to replace with vacuum furnace; Constant voltage pressure roller external diameter can be identical or inequality; The another side of described constant voltage pressure roller can all or part ofly be equipped with vacuum slot.
Vacuum of the present invention is at least one to pressure roller; Pressure roller is at least one; To pressure roller is by hydraulic pressure or air pressure adjustment pressure; Perhaps pass through spring pressure adjustment; Described vacuum can be installed vacuum slot to the another side of pressure roller.
Strainer cleaning device of the present invention is installed more than one at least; Described strainer cleaning device is installed simultaneously at last lower filter belt; Perhaps only install at last strainer or lower filter belt; Described strainer cleaning device with water under high pressure or with pressure-air as cleansing medium.
Vacuum belt press filter of the present invention also is provided with deviation correcting device, can rectify a deviation immediately to the operation of strainer.Described strainer deviation correcting device is pneumatic adjusting, hydraulic regulation or mechanic adjustment unit; Described deviation correcting device is respectively being installed more than one on the last lower filter belt at least.
Vacuum pressure roller of the present invention mainly distributes hub, low vacuum to distribute hub, bearing block, distribution plate tensioning adjusting nut, distribution plate tensioning regulating spring etc. to form by panel with holes, partition plate, branch chamber dividing plate, built-up shaft, high vacuum dispensing head, low vacuum dispensing head, vacuum distribution plate, vacuum distribution plate, high vacuum; Described roll body will be separated into four above vacuum chambers by panel with holes, interior partition plate, internal partition in the roller; At least be separated into two or two above vacuum chambers in described each vacuum chamber; Vacuum chamber is equipartition or unequal the separation in roller; Have oil-way on the described vacuum distribution plate; Described vacuum chamber bottom is a circular arc; The opening of described vacuum chamber in the pressure roller termination is the combination of circular or other shapes or several shapes; Distribution openings on the described vacuum distribution plate is the combination of circular or other shapes or several shapes; Each is provided with one or more openings in the pressure roller termination described vacuum chamber; Described vacuum chamber is per to be provided with an opening jointly in the pressure roller termination more than two or two; Described vacuum dispensing head is installed and connected in the termination, the outside of two bearing blocks; Described vacuum dispensing head is installed and connected between bearing block and the vacuum furnace, the termination of vacuum furnace.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, constant voltage pressure roller and/or vacuum furnace carry out press filtration with independent installation or to the mode of dress to wet stock, make material in strainer, be divided into constant voltage press filtration district and vacuum pair roller crush zone by the working region of press filtration, the process that material is advanced at strainer has different press filtrations, part moisture content is at first removed in constant voltage press filtration district, remove remaining moisture content again at vacuum pair roller crush zone, very favourable for sticking material dewatering.
2, can be on same axle and can produce the vacuum pressure roller of two even two above vacuums according to the difference of press filtration material thickness, perhaps one side is installed the vacuum pressure roller vacuum slot simultaneously is installed, make the press filtration material the time through the vacuum pressure roller, the negative pressure of vacuum that forms in the vacuum pressure roller can all suction through all sites material, surface of extruded material under the effect of pressure roller mechanical presses and the moisture that attaches on strainer are pumped in the vacuum pressure roller apace, thereby realize the reduction significantly of press filtration material moisture, obtain higher integrated treatment benefit.
3, by changing the internal structure of vacuum pressure roller, inner can formation and the corresponding a plurality of different vacuums in press filtration material different-thickness zone when making the work of vacuum pressure roller, simultaneously vacuum pressure roller or vacuum slot are installed simultaneously on the two sides of strainer, the organic assembling of several technology, make at the vacuum pressure roller and under to the effect of pressure roller mechanical presses extruded material surface and the moisture that attaches on strainer be sucked away apace, thereby really reach the ideal effect that reduces 10%-20% than existing common belt filter press and vacuum belt press filtering machine press filtration material moisture again, thereby significantly reduce the liquid and waste slag produced integrated cost of business processes, obtain higher economic benefit.
4, the constant voltage pressure roller can be designed as multiple structure, perhaps all be the round roller of surface sealing or all be the round roller of surperficial perforate, or part is that surperficial perforate, part are the surperficial round rollers that seals; Perhaps part is a vacuum furnace; Vacuum slot can all or part ofly be installed, can select different roller structures for use according to different materials like this.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a vacuum roller structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Parts sequence number and title in the accompanying drawing 1:
1 belt filter press frame, 2 drive units, 3 constant voltage work compression rollers, strainer carrying roller on 4,5 pairs of pressure roller pressure-regulating devices, strainer on 6, deviation correcting device on 7,8 upward filtration tape guide rollers, 9 coagulation dispensers, strainer tensioning pneumatic regulation unit on 10, strainer idler roller on 11,12 lower filter belt idler rollers, 13 lower filter belts, 14 lower filter belt tensioning pneumatic regulation units, 15 lower filter belt carrying rollers, 16 gravity dehydration district drip trays, 17 drainpipes, 18 lower filter belt cleaning devices, 19 times deviation correcting devices, 20 upward filtration cleaning devices, 21 lower filter belt guide rollers, 22 pairs of pressure rollers, 23 vacuum pressure rollers, 24 lower filter belt dischargers, strainer discharger on 25.
Parts sequence number and title in the accompanying drawing 2:
26 band blank panels, 27 minutes chamber dividing plates, 28 high vacuum chamber, 29 partition plates, 30 vacuum distribution plates, 31 low-voltage vacuum dispensing heads, 32 vacuum distribution plates, 33 low-voltage vacuums distribute hub, 34 main bearing seats, low- voltage vacuum chambers 35,36 high pressure vacuums to distribute hub, 37 high pressure vacuum dispensing heads, 38 distribution plate tensioning adjusting nuts, 39 distribution plate tensioning regulating springs, 40 built-up shafts.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1,
The frame 1 of vacuum belt press filter of the present invention is equipped with drive unit 2, and drive unit 2 can be frequency modulation motor, electromagnetic adjustable speed motor, or is the oily machine of bavin (vapour); Also can be the combination of common electric machine and various speed changers or the combination of various buncher and various speed changers.The strainer of filter press is divided into strainer 6 and lower filter belt 13, the upper and lower of last strainer 6 is equipped with constant voltage pressure roller 3, goes up strainer carrying roller 4, goes up deviation correcting device 7, upward filtration tape guide roller 8, go up strainer tensioning pneumatic regulation unit 10, go up strainer idler roller 11, the top of going up strainer 6 is equipped with dispenser 9, dispenser 9 exits are equipped with two helical axis that feeding direction is opposite, helical axis is two or more, make material can evenly enter strainer, on the last strainer 6 before the dispenser 9 filtering cleaning device 20 is installed.Last strainer 6 is when turn round in the right, and wet stock is just leached part moisture content by the pressure roller extruding, and the moisture content that leaches carries out environmental protection treatment by gravity dehydration district drip tray 16 and drainpipe 17 discharge systems.Lower filter belt 13 also is equipped with lower filter belt carrying roller 15, lower filter belt guide roller 21, lower filter belt idler roller 12, lower filter belt tensioning pneumatic regulation unit 14, lower filter belt cleaning device 18, following deviation correcting device 19 and lower filter belt discharger 24, in the front of lower filter belt discharger 24 are vacuum press districts, are equipped with to pressure roller 22, vacuum pressure roller 23 with to pressure roller pressure-regulating device 5.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, vacuum pressure roller 23 is installed on the built-up shaft 40, by panel 26 with holes, branch chamber dividing plate 29, vacuum chamber is divided into high vacuum chamber 28 to partition plate 27 and low-voltage vacuum chamber 35, vacuum pressure roller 23 are fixedly mounted on the frame 1 via main bearing seat 34, high pressure vacuum dispensing head 37 and low-voltage vacuum dispensing head 31 are connected with different vacuum unit respectively by pipeline.When filter press squeezes operation, the pneumatics roller 23 of taking seriously is in by high vacuum chamber 28 and low-voltage vacuum chamber 35 in the strainer parcel zone, distribute hub 36 and low-voltage vacuum to distribute hub 33 via high pressure vacuum respectively, connect with high pressure vacuum dispensing head 37 and low-voltage vacuum dispensing head 31 respectively by vacuum distribution plate 32, vacuum distribution plate 30, form cavity that be communicated with, vacuum, vacuum distribution plate 32 is fixing by distribution plate tensioning adjusting nut 38 and distribution plate tensioning regulating spring 39.
The course of work of the present invention and principle are as follows:
Because constant voltage pressure roller of the present invention and/or vacuum furnace are with independent installation or to dress, material is divided into constant voltage press filtration district and vacuum pair roller press filtration district by the working region of press filtration in strainer; Described constant voltage press filtration district is meant that only having one side that pressure roller is installed at the upper and lower surface of two strainer overlay regions up and down pushes material; Described vacuum pair roller crush zone is meant at the upper and lower surface of two strainer overlay regions up and down simultaneously installs the vacuum pressure roller, one side install to strainer push simultaneously to pressure roller; Described is surface sealing or surface common pressure roller, vacuum pressure roller or vacuum slot with holes to pressure roller.When filter press carries out the press filtration operation, material is on coagulation dispenser 9 is evenly paved last strainer 6, last strainer 6 places through constant voltage work pressure roller 3 places by on strainer 6 and lower filter belt 13 double teams, successively by constant voltage pressure roller 3 extruding of many places, finish most dehydration, continue to move to forward the pair roller crush zone then, through opening the vacuum pressure roller 23 of vacuum function and to pressure roller 22 high pressure mechanical presses, material surface and the moisture that attaches on strainer are pumped in the vacuum pressure roller fast, the material of finishing all expressing process continues to be fed forward supreme strainer guide roller 8 and lower filter belt guide roller 21 places, this respectively by on strainer discharger 25 and lower filter belt discharger 24 perching knife all shovel fall, filter press is finished a work running.In the running, last lower filter belt cleaning device 20 and 18 time openings clean last lower filter belt 6 and 13; Last lower filter belt deviation correcting device 7 and 19 pairs of operations of going up lower filter belt 6 and 13 are rectified a deviation immediately; By regulating the rotating speed of drive unit 2, regulating the gait of march of lower filter belt 6 and 13, and then the moisture of material after the adjusting press filtration; By regulating lower filter belt tensioning apparatus 10 and 14, regulating the tightness of lower filter belt 6 and 13, and then regulate the moisture of material after the press filtration; By regulating to pressure roller pressure-regulating device 5, regulate pressure size by the pair roller crush zone that pressure roller 22 and 23 of vacuum pressure rollers are formed, and then the moisture of material after the adjusting press filtration.After material arrives the top of vacuum pressure roller 23 in the strainer, be squeezed out the surface and attach at the moisture on the strainer just under powerful vacuum machine negative pressure effect, be pumped into apace in these vacuum chambers, finally discharge from the vacuum unit via connecting line.