CN101883703A - 用于在混合动力车辆中确定起动力矩的方法 - Google Patents

用于在混合动力车辆中确定起动力矩的方法 Download PDF

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CN101883703A
CN101883703A CN2008801190078A CN200880119007A CN101883703A CN 101883703 A CN101883703 A CN 101883703A CN 2008801190078 A CN2008801190078 A CN 2008801190078A CN 200880119007 A CN200880119007 A CN 200880119007A CN 101883703 A CN101883703 A CN 101883703A
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moment
starting
motor
combustion engine
vehicle
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M·巴赫曼
K·博恩特雷格
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/18009—Propelling the vehicle related to particular drive situations
    • B60W30/18027—Drive off, accelerating from standstill
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B60L15/2072—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for drive off
    • B60L15/2081—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for drive off for drive off on a slope
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
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    • B60W30/18009—Propelling the vehicle related to particular drive situations
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    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/423—Torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/44—Drive Train control parameters related to combustion engines
    • B60L2240/443—Torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/60—Navigation input
    • B60L2240/64—Road conditions
    • B60L2240/642—Slope of road
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2250/00—Driver interactions
    • B60L2250/26—Driver interactions by pedal actuation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
    • B60L2260/20—Drive modes; Transition between modes
    • B60L2260/22—Standstill, e.g. zero speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/08—Electric propulsion units
    • B60W2510/083—Torque
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于在混合动力车辆中确定起动力矩的方法，该混合动力车辆具有内燃机和电机，该内燃机可通过打开离合器而与动力系脱离，在该方法下，起动力矩由如下方式确定，即在车辆停车过程中，在内燃机脱离时，在脚制动器介入之前，探测停车力矩，而且所探测的停车力矩与所需的最小起动力矩相当。

Description

用于在混合动力车辆中确定起动力矩的方法
如专利权利要求1的前序部分所述，本发明涉及一种用于在混合动力车辆中确定起动力矩的方法。该混合动力车辆具有内燃机和电机，内燃机可通过打开离合器而与动力系脱离。
由现有技术已知这种车辆，它具有一台内燃机和至少一个电机，内燃机和电机以如下方式前后相连，即内燃机可通过打开离合器而与电机及动力系脱离；变速器输入端与电机的或累加传动机构(Summierungsgetriebe)的输出端连接或借助于另一个离合器可松开地相连，电机和内燃机各自的转矩在累加传动机构中被累加到一起。
为了确定所需的起动力矩以优化换挡(Schaltoptimierung)，需要知道行车路段的坡度，而现有技术对此作了如下示例性公知，即行车路段的坡度可借助于坡度传感器求出。同时也对如下备选方案作了公知，即通过对车辆作质量测定，借助于减速度值和驱动力矩来动态确定起动力矩。比如DE 19728867A1公开了一种用于测定车辆质量的方法和装置。这里规定，至少需探测第一和第二加速度值，这些加速度值分别体现车辆在第一和第二时刻的加速度。
此外，在第一和第二时刻，第一和第二驱动值(驱动力或驱动力矩)被探测，根据已探测的加速度值和已探测的驱动值，至少第一和第二行驶阻力或质量的估计值可被确定。在该已知的方法下作了如下规定，即通过比较所测定的第一行驶阻力或质量的估计值和第二行驶阻力或质量的估计值，来实现车辆的质量测定。在这里，道路坡度由上述比较获得，从而避免了由道路坡度引起的有所欠缺的质量测定。
在本申请人的DE 10235969A1中提出了一种用于对车用变速器进行控制的方法和装置，具有一个电子控制器，用于调节跟当前行车状况相符的变速比。在该方法和装置的范围内，具有通过当前力矩过量和此时存在的车辆加速度取决于由坡度传感器提供的、代表着道路坡度值的信号来测定行驶阻力的手段；以及具有通过当前的“力矩过量-车辆加速度关系”与针对某个车辆质量所定义的、作为特性场或数学公式存入到电控制器中的“力矩过量-车辆加速度特性曲线”之间的比较来测定车辆质量的手段。
现有技术所公知的用于动态测定起动力矩的方法相当复杂，并且需要很大的费用。
本发明的任务在于，给出一种用于在混合动力车辆中确定起动力矩的方法，该混合动力车辆具有内燃机和电机，内燃机可通过打开离合器而与动力系脱离，通过执行该方法，起动力矩可通过简单的方式探测。特别地，还应能消除额外附加件的必要性。
该任务将通过专利权利要求1的特征得以解决。其它按照本发明的设计及优势可由从属权利要求得出。
因此在这里建议，以如下方式确定起动力矩，即在车辆的停车过程中，在内燃机脱离时，在脚制动器介入之前，探测停车力矩，所探测的停车力矩与所需的最小起动力矩相当。
施加的力矩与所探测的停车力矩之间的差值，即力矩过量，仅仅用于车辆起动或车辆加速。在有利的方式下，无需进行花费大的高精度的坡度及质量检测，就可确定起动力矩。
为探测车辆的停车力矩，对电机(其输出端与变速器输入端直接连接或通过累加式传动机构连接)将按照本发明以如下方式控制，即保持车辆的静止状态，其中由电机力矩和电机的逆变器(Wechselrichter)上的电参数之间已知的关系，确定停车力矩。对于电机的或累加传动机构的输出端通过离合器与变速器输入端相连的情况，该离合器处于闭合状态。
停车力矩的值被优选保存在控制装置的非易失的存储器中，从而在车辆要离开停车位置或者说停车位置而重新起动时，该值可被利用；在重新探测起动力矩时，当车辆需要再次进入停车状态时可以是这种情况，该值被覆盖。
根据本发明的一个有利设计，可作如下规定，即根据行驶策略和所探测的起动力矩的值，由纯电力或带有已接通的内燃机来起动车辆，此时针对应通过闭合安置于内燃机与电机之间的离合器使内燃机进入接通状态的情况，按照本发明，内燃机已经在关门信号时就能被起动，如果内燃机处于关闭的话。
比如当停车力矩的值小于电机所能提供的力矩，以及所需的加速度较小时，将用纯电力模式实现车辆起动。对于所探测的停车力矩大于电机最大转矩的情况，内燃机将被接通，以执行起动过程。
通过本发明所涉及的设计方案，可以简单的方式高精度地求得所需的起动力矩的最小值，而无需额外的部件如坡度传感器，同时也不再需要测定车辆质量。这里介绍的方法有利地被应用到带有起动-发电一体机(ISG)的车辆中，其中，在内燃机和起动-发电一体机的电机之间安置有一个离合器。

Claims (5)

1.用于在混合动力车辆中确定起动力矩的方法，该混合动力车辆具有内燃机和电机，该内燃机能通过打开离合器而与动力系脱离，其特征在于，用如下方式确定起动力矩，即在车辆的停车过程中，在内燃机脱离时，在脚制动器介入之前，探测停车力矩，所探测的停车力矩与所需的最小起动力矩相当。
2.按照权利要求1的用于在混合动力车辆中确定起动力矩的方法，其特征在于，电机的输出端与变速器输入端直接连接或通过累加式传动机构连接，为了探测车辆的停车力矩，控制电机，使得保持车辆的静止状态，由电机转矩与电机的逆变器上的电参数之间已知的关系来确定停车力矩。
3.按照权利要求2的用于在混合动力车辆中确定起动力矩的方法，其特征在于，根据行驶策略及起动力矩的值，由纯电力或利用接通的内燃机起动车辆。
4.按照权利要求3的用于在混合动力车辆中确定起动力矩的方法，其特征在于，对于应通过闭合安置于内燃机与电机之间的离合器使内燃机接通的情况，已经在关门信号时在内燃机在该时刻关闭的情况下能起动内燃机。
5.按照权利要求1、2、3或4的用于在混合动力车辆中确定起动力矩的方法，其特征在于，起动力矩的值被保存在控制装置的非易失的存储器中，从而在车辆重新起动时能利用该值。
CN2008801190078A 2008-01-09 2008-12-08 用于在混合动力车辆中确定起动力矩的方法 Pending CN101883703A (zh)

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