CN101883065A - Nonlinear companding method and device for superimposed training sequence - Google Patents
Nonlinear companding method and device for superimposed training sequence Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nonlinear companding method and a device for superimposed training sequences, wherein the method for reducing the peak-to-average power ratio of a system comprises the following steps: the sending end carries out serial-parallel conversion on an input signal sequence, and extracts a part of parallel signal sequence from the converted signal sequence for execution; considering power distribution, adding the parallel signal sequences and the superposed training sequences in a one-to-one correspondence manner; and carrying out parallel processing on the addition result and the extracted residual parallel signal sequence; performing inverse fast Fourier transform on all parallel signals; compressing all the converted signals by using the proposed nonlinear companding function; and the sending end respectively calculates the peak power and average power ratio of the converted output results of the parallel signals after the processing, and selects a result with the minimum peak-to-average power ratio from the converted output results to send.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency DivisionMultiplexing, abbreviation OFDM) technical field of in the mobile communication system ofdm signal being improved particularly relates to a kind of non-linear companding method and device thereof that effectively reduces the overlying training sequence of ofdm system peak-to-average power ratio.
Background technology
OFDM (OFDM) technology is a kind of multi-carrier modulation technology, because of it has characteristics such as the high and anti-multipath decline ability of the availability of frequency spectrum is strong, so has obtained extensive studies and development in mobile communication system.Peak-to-average power ratio is meant the ratio of peak power with the average power of signal, abbreviates peak-to-average force ratio (Peak-to-Average Power Ratio is called for short PAPR) as.Owing to show as the stack of N orthogonal sub-carriers signal on the ofdm signal time domain, when the phase place of each carrier wave is identical, can produce very big peak value, high peak-to-average power ratio can produce serious influence to system.When too high signal during by non-linear equipment such as power amplifier, increase the error rate thereby can increase inband distortion, produced simultaneously out-of-band noise also can cause adjacent-channel interference, reduces spectrum efficiency, has also increased the equipment cost of system transmitter.
Solve signal non-linear distortion problem in the ofdm communication system, the PAPRR in will the reduction system.The method of the reduction PAPR that proposes mainly can be classified as three classes at present: signal predistortion technology, high spped coding technology, block encoding.Wherein signal predistortion technology comprises amplitude limit, companding transform and preserved sub-carrier etc.; The high spped coding technology comprises selectivity mapping SLM and partial transmission sequence PTS; Block encoding comprises Reed-Muller coding and Golay complementary series etc.Wherein amplitude limit is the method for the simplest effective reduction PAPR, and it is to reduce PAPR by subduing peak signal, but this method has been owing to introduced in-band noise and out-of-band radiation, thereby will cause the increase of the error rate of ofdm system.The companding transform method is similar to margining amplitude technique, also is by changing the purpose that signal amplitude reaches the PAPR of reduction system.In traditional expansion method, need amplify the smaller symbol of amplitude, and signal remains unchanged significantly, be cost with the average power that increases whole system like this, reduce the peak-to-average power ratio.The drawback of doing like this is: increased the average transmit power of system on the one hand, the performance number that can make call sign on the other hand causes distorted signals easily more near the nonlinear change zone of power amplifier.Therefore generally all (the C conversion CompandingTransform) improves to the compand transform method.More popular method is at present: large-signal is compressed, and small-signal is enlarged, thus can be so that the average power that transmits remains unchanged relatively.But present companding method all is the reduction that exchanges peak-to-average force ratio with the complexity that increases system for, though PAPR can reduce, amount of calculation is too big, and practical function is not fine.
How more effectively reducing the PAPR value in the ofdm system, be convenient to that practice is the problem that must solve that runs in the prior OFDM system in the mobile communication system, also is the problem that those skilled in the art need solve.This patent utilization research at present is less but have the inhibitory action of signal peak average power ratio and reduce the influence of Linear Power Amplifier efficient, and the overlying training sequence method that can further improve advantages such as band system band utilance is improved, the lower companding algorithm of a kind of computation complexity has been proposed simultaneously, in the hope of more effectively reducing the PAPR of system.
Summary of the invention
For more effectively overcoming the above-mentioned defective that exists in the ofdm system, the object of the invention provides a kind of efficient that can effectively reduce peak-to-average power ratio in the ofdm system, and can more effectively be applied to method and device thereof in the practical communication system.
According to one aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of non-linear companding method of overlying training sequence, this method step is as follows: at first, at transmitting terminal input signal sequence is carried out serial to parallel conversion; Secondly, at the part parallel signal after the conversion, and to overlying training sequence and the parallel signal that superposes distribution portion power separately, training sequence is added on this parallel signal; Then, the burst after the above-mentioned processing is carried out the IFFT conversion process, afterwards all burst utilizations are improved the non-linear companding function and handle; At last, transmitting terminal carries out the calculating of peak power and average power ratio to each parallel signal respectively through the output of the conversion after above-mentioned processing result, and the result who therefrom selects a peak-to-average force ratio value minimum sends.
Wherein, the main implementation procedure of signal being handled for the non-linear companding function that adopts among the present invention is: in order to reduce PAPR, all signals are all passed through compressor reducer, suppose that signal is S ' after the transmitting terminal signal is by compressor reducer
k,
Then: for k OFDM symbol:
S ' is then arranged
k=ln (S
k+ a), and k=0,1 ..., N-1
Wherein, 3≤a≤9, a is normal real number, by the shape of different a value change functions, obtains different companding gains.
Suppose that channel estimating and net synchronization capability all are perfect conditions, so can be expressed as at receiving end signal: R (t)=h (t) * S ' (t)+n (t)
At receiving terminal, received signal recovers original signal through expander, has:
R′(t)＝exp(R(t))-a
According to another aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of device that reduces the method for PAPR in the ofdm system, this device comprises: overlying training sequence method processing module and non-linear companding method processing unit.
Wherein, adopting overlying training sequence method module that training sequence is superimposed upon on the partial information sequence behind the serial to parallel conversion by certain power division factor sends; Adopt the non-linear companding method processing unit to carry out compressing and expanding and handle,, reach the purpose that effectively reduces the system peak-to-average power ratio relatively to reduce peak-to-average power ratio to having merged all parallel signal sequences after the overlying training sequence method.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, at first, by the overlying training sequence method training sequence is added on this part parallel burst by certain power division factor; Secondly, change the bigger companding function choosing method of traditional calculations amount, and adopted the lower non-linear companding function of a kind of computation complexity; At last, all parallel signal sequences that merged after the overlying training sequence method are handled with improved non-linear companding function, simultaneously will the corresponding burst transmission of wherein minimum PAPR value.This method can reach the purpose of peak-to-average power ratio in the more effectively reduction system of relative original method.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the existing baseband OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) communication system block diagram that contains companding algorithm;
Fig. 2 is the main process schematic diagram according to the non-linear companding method of overlying training sequence of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the main implementation procedure schematic diagram that the T2 step is carried out the overlying training sequence processing among Fig. 2 to the part signal sequence according to the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the groundwork flow chart according to the non-linear companding method of overlying training sequence of the present invention;
Fig. 5 be according to of the present invention for different a values, the PAPR simulation curve figure of the non-linear companding method of overlying training sequence; Wherein the power division factor b value of overlying training sequence is 0.1.
Fig. 6 is the PAPR simulation curve figure according to the non-linear companding method of overlying training sequence of the present invention; A=3 among this figure.
Fig. 7 is the PAPR simulation curve figure according to the multiple bake sequence of stack under the different capacity distribution factor of the non-linear companding method of overlying training sequence of the present invention; B is the power division factor of overlying training sequence among the figure, a=3 among this figure.
Fig. 8 is different signal to noise ratios, the error rate simulation curve figure according to the multiple bake sequence of stack under the different capacity distribution factor of the non-linear companding method of overlying training sequence of the present invention; B is the power division factor of overlying training sequence among the figure, a=3 among this figure.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings the main realization principle of technical scheme of the present invention, embodiment etc. are described in detail below in conjunction with each.
Please refer to Fig. 2, this figure is that a kind of non-linear companding method of overlying training sequence that utilizes that the present invention proposes is handled the main process schematic diagram that sends signal, at emphasis of the present invention is to reduce system peak-to-average power ratio problem, as follows with regard to its main implementation procedure: steps A 1, transmitting terminal goes here and there input signal sequence and handle; Steps A 2, at the parallel transmission burst behind the serial to parallel conversion, choose wherein the part signal sequence and carry out following steps and handle: step T1, with overlying training sequence r
[N]Be added on the part signal sequence that selects by certain power division factor b; Step T2, the setting of the shared power ratio factor of overlying training sequence wherein b, with reference to emulation platform, simulation parameter and the simulation result of figure 7, less to the influence of systematic function for guaranteeing overlying training sequence, usually we get power division factor values b between 0～0.1; Steps A 3 will be carried out the IFFT conversion process through all parallel signal sequences after the above-mentioned processing; Steps A 4 is improved the non-linear companding function with all burst utilizations and is handled; Steps A 5, transmitting terminal carries out the calculating of peak power and average power ratio to each parallel signal respectively through the output of the conversion after above-mentioned processing result, and sends according to the result that result of calculation is selected a peak-to-average force ratio minimum.
Please refer to Fig. 3, this figure realizes the main implementation procedure schematic diagram that overlying training sequence is handled in the non-linear companding method of the overlying training sequence that proposes of the present invention, and main implementation procedure is as follows: step 1, and it is the shared power ratio factor of overlying training sequence that b is set; Step 2 is with overlying training sequence r
[N]Distribute certain power b to be added on the part signal sequence that selects, the shared watt level of part signal sequence that correspondence extracts then is 1-b; Step 3 is still uploaded defeated at former and line position the burst after the above-mentioned processing.
Please refer to Fig. 4, this figure be the present invention propose with the non-linear companding method of overlying training sequence at the main realization principle flow chart that reduces the PAPR of system, its main implementation procedure is as follows: step S0, transmitting terminal carries out serial to parallel conversion with input signal sequence; Step S1, from the conversion postamble sequence, extract the part parallel signal sequences and carry out: step T1, supposing to get earlier the overlying training sequence power factor is 0.1, with this parallel signal sequences and overlying training sequence one by one correspondence carry out addition; Step T2, and with addition result with extract the back remaining parallel signal sequences and carry out parallel processing; Step S2 carries out the IFFT conversion to all parallel signal sequences after the above-mentioned processing; Step S3 improves the non-linear companding function with all burst utilizations and handles; Step S4, transmitting terminal carries out the calculating of peak power and average power ratio respectively to the conversion after above-mentioned processing output result, and sends according to the result that result of calculation is selected a peak-to-average force ratio minimum.
Please refer to Fig. 5, this figure be in the nonlinear function that is adopted in the non-linear companding method that proposes of the present invention with overlying training sequence a value choose foundation.Because different a values can change the shape of function, obtains different companding gains.We can draw by the PAPR curve of emulation method proposed by the invention when the different a value: wherein, 3≤a≤9, a is normal real number, system can obtain better PAPR performance.
On the other hand, among the present invention to the described steps A 2 of Fig. 2, overlying training sequence is added on the partial transmission sequence that selects, the processing method of the power division factor b of overlying training sequence wherein is as follows: utilize the power division factor unit, the shared power division factor size b of overlying training sequence is set; Utilizing improvement non-linear companding function to carry out in the processing procedure, appropriate change b value, the power division factor b that the present invention chooses overlying training sequence by emulation was respectively 0.1,0.3,0.5,0.9 o'clock, calculate the PAPR of system value and error rate of system performance at this moment, can not only reduce the PAPR of system value thereby seek out, and can satisfy the power division factor that systematic function requires, this moment, the pairing power division factor was the selected relative best power distribution factor of this system; At last the output result after the above-mentioned processing being carried out PAPR calculates.
Adder unit is used for be added to part parallel signal behind the serial to parallel conversion of overlying training sequence is still sent on the parallel signal origin-location after the processing in this section;
Fig. 4 utilizes the non-linear companding method of overlying training sequence for the main realization principle flow chart that reduces the PAPR of system, carries out the performance of emulation with the method for checking the present invention proposition on the ofdm system platform that we put up on its basis.
The algorithm simulating parameter is:
■ overlying training sequence employing length is 32 multiple bake sequence
Each ofdm signal of ■ comprises 128 subcarriers
■ adopts the QSPK modulator approach
■ is under 20 multipath Rayleigh fading channels
Simulation figure: referring to Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 in the accompanying drawing.
Annotate: the stack training power division factor in the accompanying drawing 6 is got b=0.1.
More than disclosed only be the preferred embodiments of the present invention, can not limit the scope of the present invention with this certainly.Be appreciated that the equivalent variations that the essence that limits in the appended claims according to the present invention and scope are done, still belong to the scope that the present invention is contained.
Claims (4)
1. the non-linear companding method of an overlying training sequence and device thereof, this method comprises the steps:
Step 1 transmitting terminal carries out serial to parallel conversion to input signal sequence;
The part parallel signal of step 2 after at conversion utilizes the overlying training sequence method that training sequence is added on this parallel signal by certain power division;
Burst after the step 3 pair above-mentioned processing carries out the IFFT conversion process;
Step 4 utilizes the non-linear companding function to compress processing all bursts;
Step 5 transmitting terminal carries out the calculating of peak power and average power ratio to each parallel signal respectively through the output of the conversion after above-mentioned processing result, and the result who therefrom selects a peak-to-average force ratio value minimum sends.
2. the non-linear companding method of overlying training sequence according to claim 1 and device thereof is characterized in that:
Change traditional compand transforming function transformation function, utilize the lower companding method of a kind of computation complexity, this is a kind of pre-distortion method that has adopted the numerical transformation of non-linear companding function, can effectively reduce the big shortcoming of computation complexity in the present companding method;
Wherein utilize improved non-linear companding function to carry out the main implementation procedure that companding handles to be: in order to reduce PAPR, all signals are all passed through compressor reducer, suppose that signal is S ' after the transmitting terminal signal is by compressor reducer
k,
Then: for k OFDM symbol:
S ' is then arranged
k=ln (S
k+ a), and k=0,1 ..., N-1
Wherein, 3≤a≤9, a is normal real number, by the shape of different a value change functions, obtains different companding gains;
Suppose that channel estimating and net synchronization capability all are perfect conditions, so can be expressed as at receiving end signal: R (t)=h (t) * S ' (t)+n (t)
At receiving terminal, received signal recovers original signal through expander, has:
R′(t)＝exp(R(t))-a
In the formula, exp (x)=e
x
3. the non-linear companding method of overlying training sequence according to claim 1 and device thereof is characterized in that:
Utilize the overlying training sequence method to handle at the part parallel signal behind the serial to parallel conversion, the shared power division factor of corresponding overlying training sequence b is set; Wherein the shared power division factor of overlying training sequence b choose depend on overlying training sequence to the influence of systematic function and actual to systematic function requirement and decide general value between 0～0.1.
4. the non-linear companding method of overlying training sequence according to claim 1 and device thereof is characterized in that, this device comprises as lower unit:
The serial to parallel conversion unit is used for transmitting terminal input signal sequence is carried out the serial to parallel conversion processing;
The power division factor unit is used to be provided with overlying training sequence and burst power division proportion size;
Multiplication unit, when being used for the processing of overlying training sequence method, sequence is carried out multiplication mutually with its shared power division factor;
Propose the unit, be used to extract the part signal sequence behind the serial to parallel conversion;
Adder unit is used for be added to part parallel signal behind the serial to parallel conversion of overlying training sequence is still sent on the parallel signal position after the processing in this section;
Parallel Unit is used for part parallel burst after the overlying training sequence processing and parallel merging of the parallel signal sequences that is untreated are handled;
Reverse fast Fourier transform unit is used for the burst after handling through the overlying training sequence method is carried out reverse fast fourier transform;
The nonlinear function unit is used for burst is carried out the compressing and expanding computing;
Selected cell is used for that the signal after the above-mentioned reverse fast Fourier transform unit conversion is carried out PAPR and calculates, and selects the minimum parallel signal conversion output result of a PAPR value and sends.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104348772A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2015-02-11 | 电子科技大学 | Parameter separation predistorter |
| CN106161320A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2016-11-23 | 中南大学 | A kind of self-adapting compressing expansion technique reduces the method for ofdm system PAPR |
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| CN1525673A (en) * | 2003-02-26 | 2004-09-01 | 电子科技大学 | A Turbo method for eliminating trainning sequence |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104348772A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2015-02-11 | 电子科技大学 | Parameter separation predistorter |
| CN106161320A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2016-11-23 | 中南大学 | A kind of self-adapting compressing expansion technique reduces the method for ofdm system PAPR |
| CN106161320B (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2020-11-13 | 中南大学 | Method for reducing PAPR of OFDM system by self-adaptive companding technology |
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Application publication date: 20101110 |