CN101882641B - Low-concentration photovoltaic component - Google Patents

Low-concentration photovoltaic component Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101882641B
CN101882641B CN2010101921250A CN201010192125A CN101882641B CN 101882641 B CN101882641 B CN 101882641B CN 2010101921250 A CN2010101921250 A CN 2010101921250A CN 201010192125 A CN201010192125 A CN 201010192125A CN 101882641 B CN101882641 B CN 101882641B
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low
concentration
solar battery
battery chip
photovoltaic module
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CN101882641A (en
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王东
甄炯炯
窦海林
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OPTONY SOLAR (HANGZHOU) CO Ltd
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OPTONY SOLAR (HANGZHOU) CO Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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Abstract

The invention discloses a low-concentration photovoltaic component. The photovoltaic component comprises a back panel, a light receiver and a concentrating system, wherein the back panel comprises a substrate and a metal foil; the surface of the metal foil is cut into a plurality of insulated periodic units; the substrate and the metal foil are adhered together through an insulating heat-conducting adhesive; the light receiver consists of serial solar cell chips of a plurality of linearly arranged glass substrates and is adhered in the periodic unit on the metal foil through the insulating heat-conducting adhesive; the adjacent solar cell chips are connected through the metal foil; and the concentrating light comprises a light focusing strip-shaped lens, a parabolic trough, a combined parabolic surface and an auxiliary element. By using the photovoltaic component, the sunshine can be focused on the light receiver with low cost and high efficiency under the optimal focusing condition so as to obtain the maximum photovoltaic conversion efficiency. The low-concentration photovoltaic component reduces the difficulty and the cost for heat dissipation and sun tracking while reducing the series resistance, the machining method for the component is simple and reliable, and the manufactured component has stable performance.

Description

A kind of photovoltaic module of low-concentration
Technical field
The invention belongs to the solar photovoltaic technology field, be specifically related to solar spot light photovoltaic generating system.
Background technology
Solar photovoltaic technology is one of inevitable approach that solves the future source of energy problem, but system's cost of electricity-generating is high and shortage of raw materials is to limit the principal element that this technology is popularized rapidly.Solar concentrating photovoltaic power generation (CPV) technology through adopt cheap condenser system with sunlight to the very little optical receiver of area, thereby reduce the consumption of expensive battery chip, be a kind of effective way that reduces the photovoltaic generating system total cost.
Concentration photovoltaic system is made up of condenser system, optical receiver, cooling system and backboard usually, and its core is optical receiver and condenser system.
The core of optical receiver is a solar battery chip.At present, commercial solar cell mainly comprises: silica-based wafer battery, hull cell and GaAs base high-efficiency battery.The conversion efficiency of a-Si and CdTe base film battery is lower, but its production cost is also lower, effectively reduction system of optically focused mode generating total cost.Si base wafer battery; GaAs base unijunction is higher with the conversion efficiency of many knot laminated cells; But its production cost is also higher, need the cost of high concentration ratio ability active balance battery chip, and high concentration ratio needs high-precision condenser system, sun tracing system and high performance heat abstractor; Fringe cost is significantly risen, effectively reduction system generating total cost.The CIGS hull cell has higher photoelectric conversion efficiency and lower production cost, is widely used in traditional plate type solar photovoltaic module.
According to concentration ratio, usually condenser system be divided into low power (1.5-100), in doubly (100-300) and high power (＞300) condenser system.According to the optically focused form, be divided into point focusing and line focusing system usually.Relation between concentration ratio and the optically focused form is: fixedly the concentration ratio of condenser system is usually less than 10; How much concentration ratios of line condenser system are generally at 15-60; How much concentration ratios of some condenser system are usually less than 500.The shortcoming of low condenser system is that concentration ratio is not high, and advantage is: the solar tracking aspect is required lower, therefore can reduce the cost of solar tracking aspect significantly; Higher to the scattering radiation utilance, therefore low condenser system is applicable to the area that direct radiation is not so good, can also improve the output in winter of electricity generation system; Battery surface light is even, can improve the actual converted efficient of battery.
In the course of the work, the principal element that influences battery chip actual converted efficient comprises: the uniformity of concentration ratio, battery temperature and light distribution.Under the certain situation of temperature, the ideal efficiency of battery increases with the increase of concentration ratio, and this is that open circuit voltage increases with the logarithm of light intensity because short circuit current generally increases with light intensity is linear, and fill factor, curve factor increases with open circuit voltage under ideal state.But the increase of concentration ratio will produce the negative effect of the following aspects:
(1) working temperature of battery raises.Under the certain situation of concentration ratio, the rising of working temperature can cause conversion efficiency to descend, and will propose higher requirement to the structure and the performance of radiator, with the working temperature of effective reduction concentrator cell.
(2) battery surface light distribution unevenness increases.Under the certain situation of concentration ratio, light distribution is inhomogeneous to cause the temperature of battery surface and CURRENT DISTRIBUTION inhomogeneous, causes that open circuit voltage and conversion efficiency descend.
(3) series resistance losses increases.The increase of concentration ratio causes that current density increases, and series resistance losses and current density is square in direct ratio, thereby the increase of concentration ratio causes the series resistance losses increasing.In addition, the increase of series resistance losses can cause that also the device working temperature raises, and causes conversion efficiency to descend.
Therefore, existing disclosed solar concentration photovoltaic system is failed through the best of breed of battery chip, concentration ratio, solar tracking and cooling system, reaches the purpose of real effectively reduction system generating total cost.
Summary of the invention
To the deficiency of prior art, the invention provides the low low-concentration photovoltaic assembly of a kind of photoelectric conversion efficiency height and production cost.
A kind of photovoltaic module of low-concentration comprises backboard, optical receiver, condenser system and cooling system, wherein,
Described backboard comprises: substrate and surface segmentation are the tinsel of some periodic units, mutually insulated between the described periodic unit; Described tinsel passes through the insulating heat-conductive glue on described substrate;
Wherein, described substrate is processed by the alloy in lightweight material with good heat conductive performance, preferably adopts aluminium alloy or Cu alloy material; Described tinsel adopts copper foil material usually, also can adopt metal foil materials such as aluminium foil, and its thickness is generally 10-200um.The present invention adopts chemical etching method to produce some etched line on the surface of tinsel, and etched line is some periodic units with described tinsel surface segmentation, and periodic unit is insulated from each other each other; Described insulating heat-conductive glue adopts the epoxide resin material that is mixed with conductive particles usually, also can adopt other to have the material of insulation heat-conducting property.
Described optical receiver; Be used to receive the sunlight that converges; And a sunlight that receives converts electric energy to; Supply with external loading, described optical receiver comprises the solar battery chip of the substrate of glass that several linearities are arranged, and adjacent solar battery chip connects the formation series circuit through described tinsel; Described solar battery chip is through in the periodic unit of insulating heat-conductive glue on described tinsel.
Wherein, Described several solar battery chip specifications in the described optical receiver are identical; Described solar battery chip is silica-based wafer battery, silicon-base thin-film battery, CdTe hull cell, CIGS hull cell, GaAs base unijunction solar cell or GaAs Quito joint solar cell, preferred CIGS base film battery.The thickness of described substrate of glass is 0.1～1mm, and preferred thickness is 0.2mm, so that heat conduction; The just very metallic film of described solar battery chip; The negative pole of described solar battery chip is the band that confluxes; Described metallic film and the described band that confluxes lay respectively at the edge on two long limits on described solar battery chip surface, are convenient to connect the formation series circuit with described tinsel through plain conductor.The described band that confluxes conducts electricity very well and combines well with described solar battery chip, difficult drop-off, and preferred aluminium strip, copper strips or indium stannum alloy band, the described tape thickness that confluxes is 80-250um, width is 1-3mm.Described thickness of metal film is 0.5-1um, and width is 1-3mm.In several solar battery chips that linearity is arranged, the positive and negative electrode of two adjacent solar battery chips is in the opposite direction, with the convenient series circuit that forms.
Described condenser system; Be used for converging to linear optical receiver surface to the sunlight of incident; Comprise: the line focus concentrator that combines by rod lens, parabola groove and the combination parabola of line optically focused, and the auxiliary element that is used to support and fix described line focus concentrator and encapsulates described optical receiver.Wherein, The rod lens of line optically focused is topmost concentrator; The parabola groove and the parabolic uniformity that is used to increase acceptance angle and raising battery surface distribution of light of combination; Owing to improved, thereby improved the real output of system, practiced thrift the floor space of unit installed capacity the utilization of incident light and the distribution of light uniformity.Because parabola groove and the parabolic angle of accepting that has increased light of combination have reduced the requirement to the solar tracking precision, thereby adopt cheap single shaft tracker can satisfy the requirement of solar tracking, reduced system's generating total cost.
Described cooling system is used to reduce the working temperature of described solar battery chip, and described cooling system is made up of some heat radiation wings, is connected with described backboard bottom, so that in time substrate is dispelled the heat; Simultaneously; Because described back board member, as: substrate, tinsel and insulating heat-conductive glue are hot good conductor; The heat that solar battery chip produces in the course of the work can be transmitted to insulating heat-conductive glue through described tinsel fast, is transmitted to cooling system via substrate then.Therefore,, can cool off described solar battery chip better, avoid in the course of work that the temperature of optical receiver is too high to cause conversion efficiency to descend even accidents caused through described backboard directly is connected with described cooling system.
In addition; In the photovoltaic module of low-concentration of the present invention; Take into full account the relation between battery chip actual converted efficient and concentration ratio, battery temperature, light distribution uniformity, the series resistance losses, between the actual converted efficient of battery and concentration ratio, established best relation.Like this, reach optimum balance between the desirable conversion efficiency of optical receiver and working temperature, distribution of light unevenness, the series loss, obtain maximum actual light photoelectric transformation efficiency.Owing under best concentration ratio, realized the high battery conversion efficiency and the low-temperature coefficient of optical receiver simultaneously, so also help to reduce the heat radiation difficulty and the radiator cost of whole system, improved the reliability of system, reduced the total cost of system's generating.Pairing best concentration ratio when the present invention has confirmed that through experimental study every kind of battery reaches high conversion efficiency, and be equipped with corresponding condenser system for every kind of battery according to this result, it is worked under best optically focused condition.Under 10-40 times of optically focused condition, reach balance preferably between the desirable power output of CIGS battery, working temperature, series loss, the distribution of light uniformity, this moment, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of battery can reach 21.1%.
With respect to prior art, the present invention has following beneficial technical effects:
The solar battery chip that is positioned at each substrate of glass of the different cycles unit on the described tinsel in the described optical receiver connects the formation series circuit through described tinsel; Because the cross-sectional area of tinsel is big; On the one hand; As the lead of series circuit, its conductive area is big, can reduce the series loss between the solar battery chip; On the other hand,, can conduct to cooling system to battery chip fast at the heat that the course of work produces, avoid the battery chip working temperature too high as the heat-conducting medium between each battery chip and the substrate.Connection among the present invention between the solar battery chip is simple and reliable, and the heat radiation difficulty of system is little; Simultaneously; The present invention has improved the utilance to scattering radiation, and has improved the actual concentration ratio and the distribution of light uniformity through the combination of line condenser system and secondary condensation device; Thereby reduced requirement, effectively reduced the solar tracking cost of system the solar tracking precision; In addition, the present invention utilize best optically focused condition solar light focusing on low-cost, high efficiency optical receiver, reach optimum balance between the desirable conversion efficiency that makes optical receiver and series loss, the device working temperature, obtain the photoelectric conversion efficiency of maximum.Comprehensive, that the photovoltaic module of low-concentration of the present invention has simultaneously is simple in structure, stable performance, production cost is low and the photoelectric conversion efficiency advantages of higher.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sketch map in the cross section of low-concentration photovoltaic assembly of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the surface texture sketch map of tinsel among the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the sketch map of the paste position of solar battery chip among the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the sketch map of the connected mode between solar battery chip and the tinsel among the present invention.
Embodiment
Come to set forth in detail the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
Low-concentration photovoltaic assembly as shown in Figure 1 comprises backboard 101, optical receiver 102, condenser system 103 and radiator 104.
Backboard 101 is to be made up of aluminium alloy base plate, the epoxy resin that is mixed with conductive particles and Copper Foil, and wherein, Copper Foil pastes on the aluminium alloy base plate through epoxy resin.Copper Foil, epoxy resin and aluminium alloy base plate are the good conductor of heat; Can in time be transmitted to aluminium alloy base plate to the heat on the Copper Foil; And be transmitted to the radiator 104 that is connected with backboard 101 bases through aluminium alloy base plate; Battery is cooled off, avoid in the course of work that the temperature of optical receiver is too high to cause conversion efficiency to descend even accidents caused.Radiator 104 is made up of a plurality of heat radiation wings.
As shown in Figure 2, Copper Foil comprises Copper Foil thin layer 201 and etched line 202, and the thickness of Copper Foil is 50um.The present invention adopts chemical etching method to produce some etched line on the surface of Copper Foil, and etched line is some periodic units with the surface segmentation of Copper Foil, and periodic unit is insulated from each other each other.For the sake of simplicity, only the draw structural representation of Copper Foil top periodic unit of Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, other periodic unit is identical with the structure shown in the figure, and the quantity of periodic unit and solar battery chip can optionally be set, and does not illustrate one by one in the accompanying drawings.
Optical receiver 102 comprises the solar battery chip 301 of a plurality of same sizes, and solar battery chip 301 is the CIGS solar battery chip, is substrate with common soda-lime glass, and substrate thickness is about 0.2mm, and its main purpose is for the ease of heat conduction.Be deposited on solar battery chip 301 on the substrate of glass through in the periodic unit that is surrounded by etched line of insulating heat-conductive glue on Copper Foil through CVD method, solar battery chip 301 linearities are arranged, and are as shown in Figure 3.The positive pole 302 of solar battery chip 301 is the Mo electrode; The negative pole 303 of solar battery chip 301 is the band that confluxes; The positive and negative electrode 302,303 of solar battery chip 301 is positioned at the edge on two long limits on solar battery chip 301 surfaces; Its objective is for the ease of being connected, reduce simultaneously and block converging sunlight with Copper Foil.Because substrate of glass is an insulating material, so not directly conducting between solar battery chip 301 and the Copper Foil.What pay particular attention to is that the both positive and negative polarity of each solar battery chip 301 (A, B, C, D) is reverse successively.Such as, A: a left side is positive right negative, B: the negative right side, a left side just, C: a left side is positive right negative, D: the negative right side, a left side just, the purpose that is provided with like this is for the ease of through the series connection between the copper foil electrode realization solar battery chip 301.
Optical receiver 102 is in series by the solar battery chip 301 of a plurality of same sizes; Each solar battery chip 301 (A, B, C, D) is linearity and arranges; And link up the both positive and negative polarity of battery sheet and Copper Foil through plain conductor 401; Realize the series connection between the battery sheet with this, coupling method is as shown in Figure 4.Because the distributing order of each solar battery chip 301 (A, B, C, D) is: A: a left side is positive right negative, B: the negative right side, a left side just, C: a left side is positive right negative, D: the negative right side, a left side just, then concrete method of attachment is: the positive pole of A connects with Copper Foil a district, and negative pole connects with Copper Foil b district; The positive pole of B connects with Copper Foil b district, and negative pole connects with Copper Foil c district; The positive pole of C connects with Copper Foil c district, and negative pole connects with Copper Foil d district, and the positive pole of D connects with Copper Foil d district, and negative pole connects with Copper Foil e district ... by that analogy.This method makes the connection between battery chip simple and reliable, has reduced the series resistance of battery sheet simultaneously, has reduced the series loss of battery chip.Copper Foil a～e district is respectively the single periodic unit on the tinsel.
Condenser system 103 comprises: the line focus concentrator that is combined by rod lens, parabola groove and the combination parabola of line optically focused; And the auxiliary unit that is used to support and fix described line focus concentrator and encapsulates described optical receiver; Its detailed structure is not shown in figures, and condenser system 103 is used for converging to linear optical receiver 102 surfaces to the sunlight of incident.
On the basis of 20 times of line focuss, reach balance preferably between the desirable power output of CIGS battery, working temperature, series loss, the distribution of light uniformity, this moment, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of battery can reach 21.1%.Through the parabolic acceptance angle that has increased light of parabola groove and combination, improved the distribution of light uniformity, reduced requirement, thereby adopted cheap single shaft tracker can satisfy the requirement of solar tracking the solar tracking precision.In a word, the present invention has reduced the heat radiation cost and the solar tracking cost of system when improving photoelectric conversion efficiency, practiced thrift the floor space of unit installed capacity, has reduced system's generating total cost simultaneously.
Embodiment 2
Identical with embodiment 1, except the both positive and negative polarity of described solar battery chip 301 (A, B, C, D) is provided with difference:
A: the negative right side, a left side just, B: a left side is positive right negative, C: the negative right side, a left side just, D: a left side is positive right negative, and its effect is equal to fully.
Correspondingly, the method for attachment between the described solar battery chip 301 is also different: the negative pole of A connects with Copper Foil a district, and positive pole connects with Copper Foil b district; The negative pole of B connects with Copper Foil b district, and positive pole connects with Copper Foil c district; The negative pole of C connects with Copper Foil c district, and positive pole connects with Copper Foil d district, and the negative pole of D connects with Copper Foil d district, and positive pole connects with Copper Foil e district ... by that analogy, still form cascaded structure.
What more than enumerate only is several specific embodiments of the present invention; The invention is not restricted to above embodiment; Many distortion can also be arranged, and all distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive or associate from content disclosed by the invention all should be thought protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. the photovoltaic module of a low-concentration comprises backboard, optical receiver, condenser system and cooling system, it is characterized in that,
Described backboard comprises: substrate and surface segmentation are the tinsel of some periodic units, mutually insulated between the described periodic unit; Described tinsel passes through the insulating heat-conductive glue on described substrate;
Described optical receiver comprises: the solar battery chip of the substrate of glass that several linearities are arranged, and adjacent solar battery chip connects the formation series circuit through described tinsel; Described solar battery chip passes through the insulating heat-conductive glue in described tinsel periodic unit;
Described condenser system comprises: the line focus concentrator that is combined by rod lens, parabola groove and the combination parabola of line optically focused, and the auxiliary element that is used to support and fix described line focus concentrator and encapsulates described optical receiver.
2. the photovoltaic module of low-concentration as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described substrate is processed by aluminium alloy or Cu alloy material.
3. the photovoltaic module of low-concentration as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the thickness of described tinsel is 10-200um.
4. the photovoltaic module of low-concentration as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described insulating heat-conductive glue is the epoxide resin material that is mixed with conductive particles.
5. the photovoltaic module of low-concentration as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that described solar battery chip is silica-based wafer battery, silicon-base thin-film battery, CdTe hull cell, CIGS hull cell, GaAs base unijunction solar cell or GaAs Quito joint solar cell.
6. the photovoltaic module of low-concentration as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that; The just very metallic film of described solar battery chip; The negative pole of described solar battery chip is the band that confluxes, and described metallic film and the described band that confluxes lay respectively at the edge on two long limits on described solar battery chip surface.
7. the photovoltaic module of low-concentration as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: the described band that confluxes is aluminium strip, copper strips or indium stannum alloy band, and the described tape thickness that confluxes is 80-250um, and width is 1-3mm; Described thickness of metal film is 0.5-1um, and width is 1-3mm.
8. like the photovoltaic module of claim 6 or 7 described low-concentrations, it is characterized in that the negative pole that sticks on the solar battery chip in the described periodic unit connects the formation series circuit through adjacent periodic unit on plain conductor and the tinsel.
9. the photovoltaic module of low-concentration as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described cooling system is connected with described backboard bottom.
10. the photovoltaic module of low-concentration as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the concentration ratio of described condenser system be 10-40 doubly, described solar battery chip is the CIGS battery.
CN2010101921250A 2010-06-03 2010-06-03 Low-concentration photovoltaic component Expired - Fee Related CN101882641B (en)

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CN102157593A (en) * 2011-01-25 2011-08-17 普尼太阳能(杭州)有限公司 Concentration and power generation system
CN106024925B (en) * 2016-07-21 2018-04-13 江西德义半导体科技有限公司 A kind of GaAs low concentrating solar battery

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CN101238587A (en) * 2005-07-29 2008-08-06 弗劳恩霍弗实用研究促进协会 Solar cell module and method for its production
CN101355107A (en) * 2007-07-26 2009-01-28 上海太阳能工程技术研究中心有限公司 Assembly structure for concentration solar cell
CN201733249U (en) * 2010-06-03 2011-02-02 普尼太阳能(杭州)有限公司 Low-power light-condensing photovoltaic component

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CN201733249U (en) * 2010-06-03 2011-02-02 普尼太阳能(杭州)有限公司 Low-power light-condensing photovoltaic component

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