CN101881862A - Ultramicro polarization beam splitter based on photonic crystal micro-resonance loop - Google Patents
Ultramicro polarization beam splitter based on photonic crystal micro-resonance loop Download PDFInfo
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- CN101881862A CN101881862A CN 201010193477 CN201010193477A CN101881862A CN 101881862 A CN101881862 A CN 101881862A CN 201010193477 CN201010193477 CN 201010193477 CN 201010193477 A CN201010193477 A CN 201010193477A CN 101881862 A CN101881862 A CN 101881862A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultramicro polarization beam splitter based on a photonic crystal micro-resonance loop. The photonic crystal micro-resonance loop has different cavity mode frequencies for TM and TE polarized lights, a micro-loop and a photonic crystal waveguide are adjacently placed, the non-resonant polarized light of a waveguide mode and a cavity mode are output along an original input direction, the resonant polarized light turns to the other end of a resonance loop to be output to realize high-efficiency polarize separation. The polarization beam splitter is characterized in that: 1. two kinds of polarized light can be directly separated to be enough open without adopting an auxiliary structure; 2. the micro-resonance loop has a plurality of resonance modes and is flexible and changeable when in mode selection, and a resonant cavity is easily regulated to be applicable to different modes and output requirements; and 3. the structure is ultramicro, and not only the ultramicro polarization beam splitter can be structurally compatible with a traditional photonic crystal device, but also the process can be unified with a mature semiconductor process at present. The invention can be applied to a new generation of high-density large-scale integrated circuits and optical communication and optical information processing systems.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ultramicro polarization beam splitter, belong to the optical component technical field based on photonic crystal micro-resonance loop.
Background technology
Photonic crystal is as a kind of novel artificial microstructure, owing to can produce restriction effect to light wave at the yardstick of wavelength, it is extra small that feasible optical device based on photonic crystal has size, be easy to integrated, system is not subjected to advantages such as external electromagnetic field interference, for optoelectronic device has brought brand-new application prospect to highly integrated development.The structure of photonic crystal is made of the dielectric material of refractive index by periodic distribution, and there is photon band gap in photonic crystal to wave travels, drops on the propagation that is under an embargo of light wave in the band gap; Defective in the perfect lattice is the refractive index cycle field in the disturbance photonic crystal, thereby introduces the defective mould in photonic crystal.If the defective continuous distribution is in and originally can propagates along line defect the light in the opaque forbidden band of complete photonic crystal, form photonic crystal optical waveguides.The principle that this and traditional dielectric optical waveguide employing total internal reflection laterally limit light wave is completely different.
Polarization beam apparatus is the key function element in optical communication and the optical information processing system, is a branch of nonpolarized light is split into the optical device that two bundles have orthogonal polarisation state.Because volume is big, be difficult to integratedly based on the polarization beam apparatus of traditional dielectric optical waveguide, the application in modern optoelectronic integrated circuit is restricted.In order to realize ultrastructure, polarization beam apparatus based on photonic crystal has obtained research, and can be divided into two classes: a class or the composite structure that adopts photonic crystal and traditional sucrose waveguide to combine, or the characteristic of the positive and negative refraction of utilization photonic crystal, this class formation is owing to adopted reflection and refract light, and its light path is often difficult with control; Another kind of employing be the characteristic of waveguide-coupled, because different polarized lights has different coupling lengths, thereby the realization polarization separation, but need to adopt the bending waveguide to separate two bundle polarized lights to such an extent that enough open usually, can bring extra loss and bigger device size like this.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of polarization beam apparatus with ultrastructure, high output efficiency, flexible design, it can directly realize importing the separation fully of two polarization states of light, has the structure ultra micro, but the pattern multiselect, structure is easily regulated, features such as output efficiency height.
Technical scheme of the present invention is, basic structure of the present invention is to form periodic air pass photonic crystal on dull and stereotyped medium, it comprises: two photon crystal wave-guides and a photonic crystal micro-resonance loop, two different and parallel contiguous placements the in non-conterminous limit of two photon crystal wave-guides and micro-resonance loop.
Ultramicro polarization beam splitter of the present invention adopts is that the characteristic of resonator cavity realizes separating of TM and TE polarized light.Photonic crystal has complete photonic band gap, after light beam is entered by input waveguide, the coupled zone adjacent with micro-resonance loop at input waveguide is coupled, because micro-resonance loop has different chamber mould frequencies to TM light and TE light, the polarization mode that wave guide mode is identical with chamber mould frequency turns to the another side of resonant ring, and, export along former waveguide input direction with the polarization mode of chamber mould frequency detuning in the coupling output of the coupled zone of little ring and another waveguide formation.Thereby realized the direct separation of two kinds of polarization modes.
Two kinds of polarized lights among the present invention along the direction output on the non-adjacent both sides of little ring, therefore need not to adopt other supplementary structure to separate two kinds of polarized lights to such an extent that enough open naturally respectively.
The airport of the coupled zone that is formed by two photon crystal wave-guides and micro-resonance loop among the present invention is the airport that row's number and effective refractive index are all modulated.By modulation, change stiffness of coupling, and then improve the output efficiency of device, or be applicable to different output demands.
The size of photonic crystal micro-resonance loop can be regulated among the present invention.According to actual needs, the number that forms the defective of ring by control is realized, can change the length of chamber mould frequency and coupled zone.
Among the present invention, along the direction of input beam, the airport in output terminal and micro-resonance loop joint is the airport that effective refractive index is modulated.By modulating the effective refractive index of this place's airport, form a defective mould, defective mould and resonator cavity form strong coupling, are used for improving the extinction ratio of two kinds of polarized lights.
The airport of composition photonic crystal micro-resonance loop of the present invention is the airport that effective refractive index is modulated.By symmetry or asymmetricly, partly or entirely change the effective refractive index of airport, the mode of resonance of resonator cavity is finely tuned, and then improve the output efficiency of device, or be applicable to different output demands.
Among the present invention, may be selected to be any non-conterminous both sides of ring with the both sides of the resonant ring of two waveguide-coupled.
The lattice arrangement of photonic crystal of the present invention is triangle or square.
The present invention's beneficial effect compared with prior art is: the present invention need not to adopt supplementary structure, just can directly separate two kinds of polarized lights to such an extent that enough open expeditiously, little ring cavity mould has multi-mode feature, modeling is extensively flexible, and resonator cavity can be regulated in several ways to be applicable to different patterns and output demand simultaneously.The device architecture ultra micro of design not only can be structurally compatible with existing photon crystal device, and technology can be unified mutually with the semiconductor technology of present maturation.
The polarization beam apparatus that forms resonance and off-resonance between this chamber mould that utilizes the New-type photon crystal resonant ring and the wave guide mode and realize can be widely used in optical communication and the integrated optics field.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the photonic crystal type hexagonal micro-resonance loop among the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Picture in picture number is: (1) photonic crystal micro-resonance loop; (2) adjustable air hole in the micro-resonance loop; (3) input waveguide; (4) output waveguide; (5) coupled zone airport; (6) defective airport.
Fig. 3 is the simulation stationary field distribution plan of TE ripple in polarization beam apparatus among the embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is the simulation stationary field distribution plan of TM ripple in polarization beam apparatus among the embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 is the simulation stationary field distribution plan of TE ripple in polarization beam apparatus among the embodiment 2.
Fig. 6 is the simulation stationary field distribution plan of TM ripple in polarization beam apparatus among the embodiment 2.
Embodiment
Following embodiment all adopts identical photon crystal structure.Be the air array that triangular crystal lattice arrange of photon crystal structure on three-dimensional dielectric flat board, forming.Be the convenience of simulation, flat board is chosen as Ga (Al) As class laser heterogeneous structure, and this structure is 3.32 to the effective refractive index of TM and TE mould.The airport radius is 0.48a, and a is a grating constant, is taken as 0.775 μ m.The complete band gap that this structure has is positioned at 0.455-0.53 (a/ λ).The optical wavelength of incoming signal is elected communication band optical wavelength 1.55 μ m commonly used as.
Embodiment 1:
Fig. 1 is the little hexagonal resonant ring of photonic crystal (1), forms by a series of defectives that are the hexagonal annular distribution of structure in above-mentioned photon crystal structure.It comprises the defective hole that is positioned at the ring center (2) that an effective refractive index is modulated.This resonant ring locates to have two degenerate modes to the TE ripple in frequency 0.5 (a/ λ), for the TM ripple at this frequency place defectiveness pattern not.
Fig. 2 is based on the structural representation of the ultramicro polarization beam splitter of photonic crystal hexagonal micro-resonance loop.Comprise two photon crystal wave-guides (3) and (4), a hexagonal micro-resonance loop (1).Waveguide (3) and (4) and two of resonant ring (1) the non-adjacent contiguous parallel placements in limit, the coupled zone length of formation is 4a.The radius of the airport of coupled zone (5) is reduced to 0.11a, is used for increasing stiffness of coupling.The radius of defective airport (6) is reduced to 0.18a, is used for improving the extinction ratio of two kinds of polarized lights.
After input light was entered by waveguide (3), coupling took place and turns to resonant ring in the chamber mould of the wave guide mode of TE polarized light and resonant ring (1), and is output in the other end and waveguide (4) the generation coupling of resonant ring; The TM polarized light is output along the direction of former waveguide (3) owing to off resonance does not have coupling.The extinction ratio that TE and TM ripple obtain is respectively-16.7dB and-19.8dB.Fig. 3,4 has provided the stationary field distribution plan of TE and TM ripple in this invention respectively.
Because the incomplete coupling of resonance ring cavity mould and wave guide mode causes the TE wave reflection up to 45%.Embodiment 2 will reduce reflectivity greatly.
Embodiment 2:
The present invention reduces the TE wave reflection by changing the radius that forms micro-resonance loop center airport 2 on the architecture basics of embodiment 1.
The radius of the airport of being modulated 2 is reduced to 0.1a, and the chamber mould is finely tuned, and the transmissivity of TE ripple sharply is increased to 95.3%, and the transmissivity of TM ripple reaches 98%.The stationary field of TE and TM ripple distributes respectively shown in Fig. 5,6.
Claims (6)
1. ultramicro polarization beam splitter based on photonic crystal micro-resonance loop, it is characterized in that, on media plate, form air pass photonic crystal, it comprises two photon crystal wave-guides and a photonic crystal micro-resonance loop, two different and parallel contiguous placements the in non-conterminous limit of two photon crystal wave-guides and micro-resonance loop.
2. the ultramicro polarization beam splitter based on photonic crystal micro-resonance loop according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the airport of the coupled zone that photon crystal wave-guide and resonant ring form is the airport that row's number and effective refractive index are all regulated.
3. the ultramicro polarization beam splitter based on photonic crystal micro-resonance loop according to claim 1 is characterized in that the size of photonic crystal micro-resonance loop can be regulated.
4. the ultramicro polarization beam splitter based on photonic crystal micro-resonance loop according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the airport of forming photonic crystal micro-resonance loop is the airport that effective refractive index is regulated.
5. the ultramicro polarization beam splitter based on photonic crystal micro-resonance loop according to claim 1 is characterized in that, along the direction of input beam, the airport in output terminal and micro-resonance loop joint is the airport that effective refractive index is regulated.
6. the ultramicro polarization beam splitter based on photonic crystal micro-resonance loop according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the lattice arrangement of photonic crystal is triangle or square.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103207472A (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-07-17 | 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 | Display device |
| WO2013104306A1 (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2013-07-18 | 深圳大学 | Photonic crystal waveguide t-polarization beam splitter |
| CN105334574A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-02-17 | 中国计量学院 | Terahertz wave branching unit based on poriform hollow structure |
| CN105911643A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-08-31 | 中国计量大学 | Adjustable multi-channel TeraHertz wave power divider based on hollow flat plate structure |
| CN107390325A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-11-24 | 上海大学 | 2 D photon crystal optical router based on nested ring cavity structure |
| CN107870397A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2018-04-03 | 华为技术有限公司 | Wavelength selective optical switch |
| CN108983353A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-11 | 中国计量大学 | Variable multi-channel terahertz wave power splitter |
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| CN101126828A (en) * | 2007-09-12 | 2008-02-20 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Two-dimensional complete band gap photon crystal polarization and depolarization beam splitter |
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2010
- 2010-06-07 CN CN 201010193477 patent/CN101881862A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101126828A (en) * | 2007-09-12 | 2008-02-20 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Two-dimensional complete band gap photon crystal polarization and depolarization beam splitter |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 《applied optics》 20100407 tianbao yu，etal Design of a compact polarizing beam splitter based on a photonic crystal ring resonator with a triangular lattice 2168-2171 1-6 第49卷, 第11期 2 * |
| 《光学学报》 20100531 郭浩等 光子晶体环形谐振腔大角度超微多路光分束器的设计 全文 1-6 第30卷, 第5期 2 * |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013104306A1 (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2013-07-18 | 深圳大学 | Photonic crystal waveguide t-polarization beam splitter |
| US9207400B2 (en) | 2012-01-13 | 2015-12-08 | Shenzhen University | T-shape polarization beam splitter based on photonic crystal waveguide |
| CN103207472A (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-07-17 | 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 | Display device |
| CN103207472B (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2015-09-09 | 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 | Display device |
| CN105334574A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-02-17 | 中国计量学院 | Terahertz wave branching unit based on poriform hollow structure |
| CN105911643A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-08-31 | 中国计量大学 | Adjustable multi-channel TeraHertz wave power divider based on hollow flat plate structure |
| CN105911643B (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2018-10-16 | 中国计量大学 | Adjustable multi-channel terahertz wave power splitter based on hollow out slab construction |
| CN107870397A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2018-04-03 | 华为技术有限公司 | Wavelength selective optical switch |
| CN107390325A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-11-24 | 上海大学 | 2 D photon crystal optical router based on nested ring cavity structure |
| CN108983353A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-11 | 中国计量大学 | Variable multi-channel terahertz wave power splitter |
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Open date: 20101110 |