Thermal power generation system based on predrying upgrading of high-moisture brown coal and recovery technology
Technical field
The invention belongs to coal-fired thermal power generation field, relate to the improvement of boiler milling system and Steam Turbine Regenerative System.
Background technique
The explored lignite resource reserves of China reach more than 1,300 hundred million tons, account for 13% of national coal reserves.Brown coal are minimus coals in the raw coal, and fugitive constituent is generally 40%~50%, and total moisture generally can reach 20%~50%, and air-dried moisture is 10%~20%, and low heat valve generally has only 7~15MJ/kg.Because brown coal moisture is high, calorific value is low, easy-weathering and spontaneous combustion, be difficult to washing and storage; Cause the cost of transportation of unit energy higher; Long distances is less economical; Make the exploitation and the utilization of brown coal be very limited, generally be used as a kind of low grade fuel, near the brown coal place of production with its combustion power generation.
At present, burning high-moisture brown coal power plant is identical with the boiler milling system that uses other fat coal power plant, and is coal-fired through conveying, broken, dry, the entering burner hearth of milling, to reach the requirement of satisfying boiler burning.Because the moisture of brown coal own is higher, the boiler exhaust gas loss is bigger with the Reduced or Low Moisture coal facies, and the thermal efficiency that boiler directly burns is lower, and Economy is limited, and the discharge amount of greenhouse gases is also bigger.In addition, high-moisture brown coal calorific value is lower, makes boiler body bulky, involves great expense; The boiler accessory machinery capacity is bigger than normal, and station service power consumption rate is higher.
Summary of the invention
To the problems referred to above; The present invention improves burning high-moisture brown coal thermal power generation system; Its technological scheme is in thermal power generation system, to set up the coal-fired pre-drying device of superheated vapor and dried tail gas heat energy and waste water recovering device; The thermal power plant system that forms New-type boiler pulverizing system and Steam Turbine Regenerative System; Concrete structure is following: a kind of thermal power generation system based on predrying upgrading of high-moisture brown coal and recovery technology; Comprise boiler, steam turbine, vapour condenser, condensate pump, low-pressure heater, oxygen-eliminating device, feed water pump, high-pressure heater, wet coal bunker, wet coal coal-feeding conveyer, coal pulverizer, drainage pump, deduster, it is characterized in that in power generation system, setting up brown coal pre-drying device, dry coal coal-feeding conveyer, heat energy and waste water recovering device, the steam turbine low-pressure extraction opening is connected to the pre-drying device steam inlet; Pre-drying device water of condensation interface is connected to drainage pump, and drainage pump is connected to oxygen-eliminating device; Wet coal coal-feeding conveyer is connected to pre-drying device coal inlet, and the pre-drying device coal export is connected to the dry coal coal-feeding conveyer, and the outlet of dry coal coal-feeding conveyer is connected to coal pulverizer; The pre-drying device steam (vapor) outlet is connected to deduster, and the coal export of deduster is connected to the dry coal coal-feeding conveyer; The steam outlet of deduster is connected to heat energy and waste water recovering device, and heat energy and waste water recovering device drain opening are connected to the power plant effluent processing system; The condensate pump outlet is connected to heat energy and waste water recovering device, and heat energy and the outlet of waste water recovering device water of condensation are connected to condensing water conduit.
Working procedure of the present invention is following:
The high-moisture brown coal of storing in the wet coal bunker get into pre-drying device by wet coal coal-feeding conveyer from top; Heat the most of evaporation of former moisture content of coal through extracted steam from turbine; Dry coal is discharged from the pre-drying device bottom and is got into the dry coal coal-feeding conveyer, and the entering coal pulverizer is milled and continued and is delivered to the boiler furnace burning behind the heat drying.The water vapor of pre-drying device evaporation and the mixture of coal dust get into the deduster purifying and dedusting, and the coal dust that separates enters the dry coal coal-feeding conveyer, get into the boiler furnace burning behind the entering coal pulverizer.Water vapor after the purification gets into heat energy and waste water recovering device condensation heat, enters the power plant effluent processing system behind the formation supercooled water, and incondensable gas enters atmosphere.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, integrated drying system in original pulverizing system, the high-moisture brown coal preheat drying through dryer, and former moisture content of coal can reduce more than 50%; The energy density of coal improves more than 40%; The fire coal that gets into the burner hearth burning reduces the heat energy that the surplus water branch consumes in the evaporation coal through preheating moisture minimizing simultaneously, and the flue gas loss of boiler is able to reduce; Efficiency of boiler can improve 1.5~2.5%, reaches bituminous coal type boiler level.
2, coal-fired low heat valve increases substantially behind the brown coal drying, reaches the bituminous coal level, and the boiler furnace volume reduces, and highly reduces, and investment reduces; Moisture reduces, and the energy density of coal improves, and the pulverizing system drying is exerted oneself and is able to guarantee that pulverizing system can be selected the medium-speed pulverizer pulverizing system, and investment reduces; The pulverizing system plant capacity reduces, and station service power consumption rate reduces more than 0.5%.
3, the steam turbine low-pressure heat drying fire coal that draws gas; The hydrophobic entering oxygen-eliminating device of heating steam; Dryer and heat energy and waste water recovering device are formed special water of condensation heater, and the evaporation steam discharge heat-setting water of coal forms the heat cycles of drawing gas; Be an integrated new system with coal-fired drying and feedwater heating function in original thermodynamic system of steam tur, extracted steam from turbine heat energy is fully used.Coal-fired drying has increased power plant's backheat circulation steam flow that draws gas, and is implemented in and reduces turbine discharge the generated energy permanence condition under, reduces cold junction and loses 5%, has improved the plant thermal efficiency of power plant.
4, the large quantity of moisture that evaporates in the coal obtains reclaiming, and 600MW unit year can reach 500,000 tons with coal system water, reduces the thermal power plant water consumption effectively.
5,, adopt the present invention can reduce generating standard coal consumption 8 ~ 12g/KWh, SO with the contrast of capacity unit
2, flue dust, NO
X, CO
2Annual emissions reduces 7.5%, 7.5%, 10%, 4% respectively.
In sum, the present invention has improved coal-fired energy density, and the efficient of boiler improves thereupon, can reduce the investment of boiler and pulverizing system greatly; Reduced station service power consumption rate simultaneously, and then improved thermal power plant comprehensive utilization of energy efficient, with the recyclable big water gaging of coal system water, saves valuable water resources.That the present invention reaches is efficient, energy-conservation, water saving, the effect that reduces discharging, meets the industrial policy of present national development low-carbon economy.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing connects schematic representation for system of the present invention.
Legend:
1, boiler; 2, steam turbine; 3, vapour condenser; 4, condensate pump; 5, low-pressure heater; 6, oxygen-eliminating device; 7, feed water pump; 8, high-pressure heater; 9, wet coal bunker; 10, wet coal coal-feeding conveyer; 11, pre-drying device; 12, dry coal coal-feeding conveyer; 13, coal pulverizer; 14, drainage pump; 15, deduster; 16, heat energy and waste water recovering device
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing technological scheme of the present invention is further described:
Boiler (1) steam (vapor) outlet through main steam line be connected with steam turbine (2), turbine discharge is connected with vapour condenser (3), condenser condensed water outlet low pressure feed water pipeline connects condensate pump (4) successively, low-pressure heater (5) to oxygen-eliminating device (6), deaerator feedwater outlet high-pressure feed water pipeline connect feed water pump (7), high-pressure heater (8) to boiler (1) feed-water intake successively, forms conventional thermal power generation circulation system; The steam turbine low-pressure extraction opening is connected to the pre-drying device steam inlet, and pre-drying device water of condensation interface is connected to drainage pump, and drainage pump is connected to oxygen-eliminating device; Wet coal coal-feeding conveyer is connected to pre-drying device coal inlet, and the pre-drying device coal export is connected to the dry coal coal-feeding conveyer, and the outlet of dry coal coal-feeding conveyer is connected to coal pulverizer; The pre-drying device steam (vapor) outlet is connected to deduster, and the coal export of deduster is connected to the dry coal coal-feeding conveyer; The steam outlet of deduster is connected to heat energy and waste water recovering device; Heat energy and waste water recovering device drain opening are connected to the power plant effluent processing system; The condensate pump outlet is connected to heat energy and waste water recovering device, and heat energy and the outlet of waste water recovering device water of condensation are connected to condensing water conduit.
The present embodiment working principle is following:
The low-pressure superheated steam that the steam turbine low-pressure extraction opening is extracted out is connected to pre-drying device (11) through pump-line; Low-pressure superheated steam discharges the sensible heat and the latent heat of condensation to condensing into behind the hydrogenous coal in the pre-drying device with the saturation water under the equal pressure by the indirect heat exchange mode in pre-drying device; Saturation water is connected to oxygen-eliminating device after boosting through drainage pump (14); Get into the steam turbine water supply system, accomplish the circulation of drawing gas.
The high-moisture brown coal of storage get into pre-drying device by wet coal coal-feeding conveyer (10) in the wet coal bunker (9) from top; Heat through extracted steam from turbine; The most of evaporation of moisture content of coal; Dry coal after the dry heat is discharged from the pre-drying device bottom and is got into dry coal coal-feeding conveyer (12), and entering coal pulverizer (13) is milled and continued and is delivered to the boiler furnace burning behind the heat drying.
The water vapor of pre-drying device evaporation and the mixture of coal dust get into deduster (15) purifying and dedusting, and the coal dust that separates enters the dry coal coal-feeding conveyer, get into coal pulverizer (13) back and get into the burning of boiler (1) burner hearth;
Water vapor after deduster (15) purifies gets into heat energy and waste water recovering device (16) condensation heat, enters the power plant effluent processing system behind the formation supercooled water, and incondensable gas enters atmosphere.
The condensate pump outlet is drawn one road low-temperature condensate and is connected to heat energy and waste water recovering device; Heat energy and waste water recovering device water out are connected to condensing water conduit; Low-temperature condensate gets into condensate system again at the heat of heat energy and waste water recovering device absorption water vapor after the intensification.
The described pre-drying device of present embodiment can be a steam tubular type rotary dryer, also can be superheated vapor fluidisation bed dryer.