CN101876619A - Method and device for measuring grain density - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring grain density Download PDFInfo
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- CN101876619A CN101876619A CN 201010207190 CN201010207190A CN101876619A CN 101876619 A CN101876619 A CN 101876619A CN 201010207190 CN201010207190 CN 201010207190 CN 201010207190 A CN201010207190 A CN 201010207190A CN 101876619 A CN101876619 A CN 101876619A
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- grain
- density
- capacitance
- capacitive transducer
- dielectric constant
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring the grain density, comprising the following steps of: measuring the capacitance Cb of a capacitance sensor inserted into a grain pile to be measured; calculating the relative dielectric constant epsilon'r2 of the grain pile to be measured; calculating the density value rho1 of the grain sample; measuring the capacitance Ca corresponding to the density value rho1; calculating the relative dielectric constant epsilon'r1 of the grain sample; and establishing the functional relation, i.e., epsilon'r2=((epsilon'r1)1/3-1)rho2/rho1+1)3 between the grain density and the relative dielectric constant on the basis of the relative dielectric constant epsilon'r1 of the grain pile to be measured, the density value rho1 of the grain sample and the relative dielectric constant epsilon'r1 to determine the average density rho2 of the grain pile to be measured. The invention also provides a device for measuring the grain density. The method and device for measuring the grain density can improve the accuracy for measuring the grain density.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fields of measurement, relate in particular to a kind of measuring grain density method and device.
Background technology
Introduce a kind of measuring grain density step below the To the silo grain density in the heap of storing up grain, also there is not at present effective accurate measurement method.; Comprise and ladle out a full bitter edible plant cylinder cold water → with the bar weighing weight (such as 1.4 kilograms) of bitter edible plant cylinder and this full cylinder water → bitter edible plant cylinder → with bar weighing your grain (such as corn) that will measure of the weight of bitter edible plant cylinder (such as 0.2 kilogram) → fill a flat bitter edible plant cylinder → with the bar weighing weight (such as 1.07 kilograms) of bitter edible plant cylinder and this full cylinder corn → calculatings is once once outwelled and dried to the water of bitter edible plant cylinder the inside once: because the volume of 1.2 kg water is 1.2 cubic decimeters, so the density of corn be=(1.07-0.2) kilogram/1.2 cubic decimeters=0.725 kilogram of/cubic decimeter. This method can only testing small volumes scope (for example bitter edible plant cylinder) grain, the bigger grain of volume heap is difficult to then be suitable for (reason is that grain is particulate matter, its average density is piled up factor affecting such as space, the grain of large scale heap is subjected to the influence of self gravitation and extraneous vibration, and its average density can be greater than the density that obtains by sampled measurements) .In addition, the degree of accuracy of this measuring method measurement is not high yet.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention provides a kind ofly can accurately carry out bulk density of grain measuring method for measuring and device.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of measuring grain density method, comprising:
Measure the capacitance C of the capacitive transducer that inserts tested grain heap
b, calculate the relative dielectric constant ε ' that described tested grain is piled
R2
Sampling from the grain heap, the density value ρ of calculating grain samples
1, measure described density value ρ
1Corresponding capacitance C
a, calculate the relative dielectric constant ε ' of described grain samples
R1And
Utilize the relative dielectric constant ε ' of described tested grain heap
R1, described grain samples density value ρ
1And relative dielectric constant ε '
R1, set up the funtcional relationship between grain density and the relative dielectric constant, i.e. ε '
R2=[((ε '
R1)
1/3-1) ρ
2/ ρ
1+ 1)
3, to determine the average density ρ of described tested grain heap
2
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of measurement mechanism of grain density is provided, can be used to test the density of grain heap, comprise that being used for loading eats the container cartridge of sample, the lid of capacitive transducer and height measuring gauge, capacitance meter, weight-measuring device and the Vib. that is connected with described capacitive transducer are installed;
Described container cartridge is connected with described Vib.; The described lid that capacitive transducer is installed is connected with tested grain heap, measures the capacitance C of the capacitive transducer that inserts tested grain heap
b, to calculate the relative dielectric constant ε ' of described tested grain heap
R2Described weight-measuring device is connected with described container cartridge, measures the weight of grain samples in the described container cartridge; Describedly the lid of capacitive transducer is installed and grain samples that described container cartridge is adorned is joined, measures the height of grain post and the capacitance C of described capacitive transducer
a, to calculate the density value ρ of grain post in the described density measure tube
1Relative dielectric constant ε ' with described grain samples
R1
According to method provided by the invention and device, can accurately measure the density of grain heap.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the measuring grain density device that provides of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the another structural representation of the measuring grain density device that provides of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the another structural representation of the measuring grain density device that provides of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the another structural representation of the measuring grain density device that provides of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is a manual structural representation of rocking handle in the measuring grain density device that provides of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the schematic flow sheet of the measuring grain density method that provides of the embodiment of the invention.
The object of the invention, function and advantage will be in conjunction with the embodiments, are described further with reference to accompanying drawing.
Embodiment
Shown in Fig. 1,2,3 and 4, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of measuring grain density device, can be used to test the density of grain heap, comprise: be used for container cartridge 1 (high 1.4 meters, 30 centimetres of diameters), lid 3, capacitance meter 4, the electronic scales (not shown) and the Vib. (not shown) of loading food sample and be used for hoisting conveyance tube 1 hoisting gear highly.Wherein, lid 3 is the insulation disk of 2 centimetres of thickness, and its diameter is more smaller than the internal diameter of urceolus, and two straight leads of the hard metal as electrode are installed above the lid, long 82 centimetres, and parallel placement, and be connected with capacitance meter 4.The straight lead of hard metal should be fixed on above the lid, and the straight lead of two hard metals still can keeping parallelism when inserting the grain heap.5,30 centimetres on two rules are installed above the lid 3, and precision is 1 millimeter, and the reference position of ruler scale is the bottom surface of lid 3.Hoisting gear comprises pulley blocks (can be made of 4 pulleys 11), manual rocking handle 13 (structure as shown in Figure 5), supporting seat 8 and fixed mechanism.Supporting seat 8 is fixedlyed connected by firm retainer 7 with container cartridge 1.Wherein, fixed mechanism comprises base 10, support 9 and top cover 15.Wherein, 2 pulleys 11 are fixed in top cover 15 both sides, in addition 2 fixing and supporting seat 8 both sides of pulley.Container cartridge 1 passes top cover 15.Manually be connected by steel wire 13 between rocking handle 13 and the pulley 11.Can draw high supporting seat 8 by adjusting manual rocking handle 13, and then container cartridge 1 is drawn high.The purpose that container cartridge 1 is drawn high is for convenience measuring vessel tube 1 to be put on the electronic scales, claiming the weight of grain samples in the measuring vessel tube 1, thereby goes out the density of grain samples according to the grain volume calculation.After weighing, container cartridge 1 is connected with Vib. and is fixed on the base 10.When Vib. vibrated, deflection can not take place, topple over and displacement in container cartridge 1.Below in conjunction with method shown in Figure 5 the measuring grain density device course of work is described.
As shown in Figure 5, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of measuring grain density method, realizes, comprising based on Fig. 1～measuring grain density device shown in Figure 4:
Step S1, the straight lead of two hard metals is inserted among the grain heap fully, lid 3 bottom surfaces combine with the grain face, utilize capacitance meter 4 to measure the capacitance C of leads at this moment
bMeasuring accuracy can be improved in a plurality of positions of planar survey on the grain heap.Calculate the relative dielectric constant ε ' of described tested grain heap
R2, i.e. ε '
R2=(C
b-C
1)/C
0, wherein, C
0Be effective capacitance, C
1Be stray capacitance.Capacitance formula C=ε C by capacitive transducer
0As can be known, the capacitance of capacitive transducer is directly proportional with dielectric specific inductive capacity of its inside, and the relative dielectric constant of vacuum is 1, and the relative dielectric constant of air is slightly larger than 1, and other dielectric relative dielectric constant is all greater than 1.The capacitance C of the capacitive transducer when measuring dielectric respectively and being air and grain
0And C, just can calculate its relative dielectric constant value.Owing to be subjected to the stray capacitance influences of capacitive transducer, the capacitance meter measured capacitance value not exclusively is the Metallic rod capacitance partly in the grain, and its of lid can have influence on measurement result with the electric capacity of upper part Metallic rod, therefore, and formula C=ε C
0Need be revised as following form C=ε C
0+ C
1, in the formula, C
0Be effective capacitance (electric capacity of two electrodes), C
1Be stray capacitance.Before measuring,, determine C by the method for calculating and demarcating
0And C
1Value.
Step S2, the measurement of grain heap finished after, from tested grain heap, take out a certain amount of grain samples, pour in the container cartridge 1, and make 10 centimetres of grain identity distance nozzles.With electronic scales the heavy grain samples of container cartridge is weighed.Concrete weighing process is: when weighing, can container cartridge be risen, electronic scales is placed under the container cartridge, claim the weight of container cartridge 1 earlier by hoisting gear, and then the weight of the container cartridge 1 after the grain that claims to pack into, both subtract each other the weight that obtains grain.After weighing, the lid 3 that will have the straight lead of two hard metals is put into container cartridge 1, and the straight lead of two hard metals is inserted among the grain heap fully, and the lower surface of lid 3 contacts with the grain face.Ruler above lid 3 is read the distance of grain identity distance nozzle, and the internal height with tube deducts this distance again, obtains the height of grain post, in conjunction with the diameter of grain post, calculates a bulking value of interior grain post and density value ρ
1(knowing under grain samples weight, the volume situation, can be regarded as out the density p of grain samples
1).As optimal way, weigh finish after, container cartridge 1 is risen, electronic scales is taken out for 1 time from container cartridge, again the container cartridge 1 of band grain is put into above the Vib..By the Vibration on Start-up device, and repeatedly vibrate, measure the density value ρ of grain post in the described density measure tube after at every turn vibrating
1And and described density value ρ
1The capacitance C of corresponding capacitive transducer
a, the relative dielectric constant ε ' of calculating grain samples
R1(be ε '
R1=(C
a-C
1)/C
0), repeat this process, till the density of tube China Oil and Food Import and Export Corporation post no longer changes.
Step S3, for granular grain, under water cut and temperature-resistant condition, utilize the relative dielectric constant ε ' of tested grain heap
R1, grain samples density value ρ
1And relative dielectric constant ε '
R1, set up the funtcional relationship between grain density and the relative dielectric constant, i.e. ε '
R2=[((ε '
R1)
1/3-1) ρ
2/ ρ
1+ 1)
3, to determine the average density ρ of tested grain heap
2
The present invention has designed a kind of method of measuring the average density of silo China Oil and Food Import and Export Corporation heap, and has designed measuring equipment.This method is influenced by its average density according to the specific inductive capacity of grain principle, the specific inductive capacity by setting up the grain samples of taking out in the grain heap and the funtcional relationship of variable density and the specific inductive capacity of measuring the grain heap are measured the average density that grain is piled indirectly.According to this measuring principle, design uses the straight parallel lead as capacitive transducer, with grain is the dielectric of capacitive transducer, obtain the grain samples of different densities grade by vibration, use capacitance measurement equipment (capacitance meter) to measure the capacitance of this capacitive transducer, by weight and volume bulk density value, thus the relation of the density of foundation and specific inductive capacity.
The foregoing description is a preferred implementation of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spirit of the present invention and the principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a measuring grain density method is characterized in that, comprising:
Measure the capacitance C of the capacitive transducer that inserts tested grain heap
b, calculate the relative dielectric constant ε ' that described tested grain is piled
R2
From the grain heap, get grain samples, measure the weight of described grain samples, calculate the density value ρ of described grain samples
1, measure described density value ρ
1Corresponding capacitance C
a, calculate the relative dielectric constant ε ' of described grain samples
R1And
Utilize the relative dielectric constant ε ' of described tested grain heap
R1, described grain samples density value ρ
1And relative dielectric constant ε '
R1, set up the funtcional relationship between grain density and the relative dielectric constant, i.e. ε '
R2=[((ε '
R1)
1/3-1) ρ
2/ ρ
1+ 1)
3, to determine the average density ρ of described tested grain heap
2
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, describedly gets grain samples from grain heap, measures the weight of described grain samples, calculates the density value ρ of described grain samples
1, measure described density value ρ
1Corresponding capacitance C
a, calculate the relative dielectric constant ε ' of described grain samples
R1Comprise:
Taking out grain from described tested grain heap inserts in the density measure tube as grain samples;
Measure the weight of grain samples in the described density measure tube;
The lid that will have capacitive transducer is put into described density measure tube, and described capacitance sensor electrodes is inserted among the described grain samples fully, and the lower surface of lid contacts with the grain face of described grain samples;
Measure the height of grain post,, calculate the density value ρ of grain post in the described density measure tube in conjunction with the diameter of grain post
1And the capacitance C of described capacitive transducer
A,, calculate the relative dielectric constant ε ' of described grain samples
R1
3. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the density value ρ of described calculating grain samples
1, measure described density value ρ
1Corresponding capacitance C
a, calculate the relative dielectric constant ε ' of described grain samples
R1Also comprise:
Start the vibrating device of described density measure tube, and repeatedly vibrate, measure the density value ρ of grain post in the described density measure tube after at every turn vibrating
1And and described density value ρ
1The capacitance C of corresponding capacitive transducer
a, calculate the relative dielectric constant ε ' of described grain samples
R1, the density value ρ of grain post in described density measure tube
1No longer change.
4. according to each described method of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that:
Described ε '
R2=(C
b-C
1)/C
0Described ε '
R1=(C
a-C
1)/C
0, wherein, C
0Be effective capacitance, C
1Be stray capacitance.
5. according to claim 2 or 3 described methods, it is characterized in that described density measure tube comprises:
Being used for loading eats the container cartridge of sample, the lid of capacitive transducer and height measuring gauge, capacitance meter, weight-measuring device and the Vib. that is connected with described capacitive transducer is installed; Described container cartridge is connected with described Vib.; The described lid that capacitive transducer is installed is connected with tested grain heap; Described weight-measuring device is connected with described container cartridge; The described lid that capacitive transducer is installed is connected with the grain samples that described container cartridge is adorned.
6. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described density measure tube also comprises:
The hoisting gear that is used for hoisting conveyance tube height, described hoisting gear comprises pulley blocks, manual rocking handle, supporting seat and fixed mechanism, described supporting seat and described container cartridge 1 are by being connected, between the described pulley and described pulley and described manual rocking handle by line be connected, described container cartridge is connected with described supporting seat, support that described fixed mechanism comprises base, be connected with described base and the top cover that is connected with described support, described pulley blocks is connected with described top cover and described supporting seat respectively.
7. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that:
Described container cartridge is high 1.4 meters, 30 centimetres of diameters; Described capacitive transducer comprises two straight leads of hard metal, and length is 82 centimetres; Described measuring appliance length is 30 centimetres rule, and its precision is 1 millimeter.
8. the measurement mechanism of a grain density can be used to test the density that grain is piled, and it is characterized in that, comprising:
Being used for loading eats the container cartridge of sample, the lid of capacitive transducer and height measuring gauge, capacitance meter, weight-measuring device and the Vib. that is connected with described capacitive transducer is installed;
Described container cartridge is connected with described Vib.; The described lid that capacitive transducer is installed is connected with tested grain heap, measures the capacitance C of the capacitive transducer that inserts tested grain heap
b, to calculate the relative dielectric constant ε ' of described tested grain heap
R2
Described weight-measuring device is connected with described container cartridge, measures the weight of grain samples in the described container cartridge;
Describedly the lid of capacitive transducer is installed and grain samples that described container cartridge is adorned is joined, measures the height of grain post and the capacitance C of described capacitive transducer
a, to calculate the density value ρ of grain post in the described density measure tube
1Relative dielectric constant ε ' with described grain samples
R1
9. device according to claim 8 is characterized in that: also comprise:
The hoisting gear that is used for hoisting conveyance tube height, described hoisting gear comprises pulley blocks, manual rocking handle, supporting seat and fixed mechanism, described supporting seat and described container cartridge 1 are by being connected, between the described pulley and described pulley and described manual rocking handle by line be connected, described container cartridge is connected with described supporting seat, support that described fixed mechanism comprises base, be connected with described base and the top cover that is connected with described support, described pulley blocks is connected with described top cover and described supporting seat respectively.
10. device according to claim 9 is characterized in that:
Described container cartridge is high 1.4 meters, 30 centimetres of diameters; Described capacitive transducer comprises two straight leads of hard metal, and length is 82 centimetres; Described measuring appliance length is 30 centimetres rule, and its precision is 1 millimeter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102071906A CN101876619B (en) | 2010-06-23 | 2010-06-23 | Method and device for measuring grain density |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102071906A CN101876619B (en) | 2010-06-23 | 2010-06-23 | Method and device for measuring grain density |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101876619A true CN101876619A (en) | 2010-11-03 |
| CN101876619B CN101876619B (en) | 2012-07-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102071906A Active CN101876619B (en) | 2010-06-23 | 2010-06-23 | Method and device for measuring grain density |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101876619B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102243161A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2011-11-16 | 中国科学院遥感应用研究所 | Multi-frequency electromagnetic measurement method for density and moisture content of grain |
| CN110146008A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-08-20 | 西安工程大学 | Based on the icing parameter of interdigital capacitor sensor and the monitoring method of state |
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2010
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| CN1057906A (en) * | 1990-06-26 | 1992-01-15 | 河北机电学院 | Electronic gram weight tester for non-metal material |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102243161A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2011-11-16 | 中国科学院遥感应用研究所 | Multi-frequency electromagnetic measurement method for density and moisture content of grain |
| CN110146008A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-08-20 | 西安工程大学 | Based on the icing parameter of interdigital capacitor sensor and the monitoring method of state |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101876619B (en) | 2012-07-04 |
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