CN101872883A - Frequency multiplier based on composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines - Google Patents
Frequency multiplier based on composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines Download PDFInfo
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- CN101872883A CN101872883A CN200910082090A CN200910082090A CN101872883A CN 101872883 A CN101872883 A CN 101872883A CN 200910082090 A CN200910082090 A CN 200910082090A CN 200910082090 A CN200910082090 A CN 200910082090A CN 101872883 A CN101872883 A CN 101872883A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a frequency multiplier. The frequency multiplier is composed of at least a composite left/right handed non-linear transmission line unit. The composite left/right handed non-linear transmission line unit is formed by connecting a single left-handed non-linear transmission line and a single right-handed non-linear transmission line in series. In combination with the advantages of the left-handed non-linear transmission line and the right-handed non-linear transmission line, the invention can improve the working frequency and the frequency multiplying efficiency of the frequency multiplier.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the frequency multiplier technical field, particularly relate to a kind of frequency multiplier based on composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines.
Background technology
Microwave multiplier is widely used in the systems such as communication, radar and measuring instrument.It mainly acts on and can reduce the following aspects: one, low to frequency, but output frequency stable oscillator frequency multiplication, the high-frequency agitation source of acquisition high stability; Two, when the maximum frequency of oscillation of transistor oscillator does not reach system requirements, obtain the hyperfrequency oscillation source by frequency multiplier; Three, obtain a plurality of integer multiple frequencies.
Nonlinear transmission line is a kind of frequency multiplier structure of extensive use, it have simple in structure, need not advantages such as extra match circuit and idle circuit.The typical nonlinear transmission line comprises the microstrip transmission line of plurality of sections with determining deviation series connection, places back-biased Schottky diode in parallel between every section microstrip line.Schottky diode is as variable capacitance, and its appearance value changes with bias voltage, and non-linear capacitive reactance causes harmonic wave, realizes double frequency function.
The simplification circuit model of above-mentioned traditional nonlinear transmission line is the series inductance and the shunt capacitance of cyclic loading, and this structure is called as right hand transmission line, and promptly electric field strength E, magnetic field intensity H and wave vector k satisfy the right-handed helix rule.There are some inherent shortcomings in traditional right-handed nonlinear transmission line: right hand transmission-line equivalent circuit is a low pass circuit, so the highest frequency of output harmonic wave is limited in frequency applications less than the transmission line cut-off frequency; The fundamental signal that low pass circuit self can't suppress to import, and the fundamental signal amplitude for obtaining desirable harmonic wave, proposes very high request to the filter in the system often much larger than harmonic signal.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
In order to address the above problem, the invention provides a kind of frequency multiplier based on composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines.
(2) technical scheme
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of frequency multiplier, this frequency multiplier is made of at least one composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines unit, and this composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines unit is in series by single-unit left-hand nonlinear transmission line and single-unit right-handed nonlinear transmission line.
In the such scheme, described single-unit left-hand nonlinear transmission line comprises: first fixed capacity that is connected in series and second fixed capacity; Be series at first variable capacitance between this first fixed capacity and second fixed capacity; Be parallel to first inductance between this first fixed capacity and first variable capacitance; And be parallel to second inductance between this first variable capacitance and second fixed capacity.
In the such scheme, described single-unit right-handed nonlinear transmission line comprises: the 3rd inductance that is connected in series and the 4th inductance; And be parallel to second variable capacitance between the 3rd inductance and the 4th inductance.
In the such scheme, described first variable capacitance or second variable capacitance are made of the PIN diode of automatic biasing.
In the such scheme, described first variable capacitance or second variable capacitance are relevant with the amplitude of input signal, when the amplitude of input signal greater than cut-in voltage as the PIN diode of variable capacitance, then the appearance value of variable capacitance changes DC channel into by a less fixed value, i.e. big capacitance, and produce the harmonic wave that frequency is the input signal integral multiple thus.
In the such scheme, described composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines unit has bandpass characteristics, is used to transmit the microwave signal of characteristic frequency.
In the such scheme, the input of described composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines unit is a right-handed nonlinear transmission line, and output is a left-hand nonlinear transmission line.
In the such scheme,, can obtain and input port/output port matched transmission line characteristic impedance, need not independently match circuit by the capacitance of selection variable capacitance and the inductance value of inductance.
In the such scheme, when this frequency multiplier was made of a plurality of composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines unit, these a plurality of composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines cell string connected.
(3) beneficial effect
From technique scheme as can be seen, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, utilizes the present invention, can effectively improve the shg efficiency of frequency multiplier on upper frequency.This frequency multiplier based on composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines provided by the invention has absorbed the advantage that left-hand nonlinear transmission line can work in higher frequency; In conjunction with of the inhibition of output right-handed nonlinear transmission line unit to high-frequency harmonic.Thereby further improved the shg efficiency of nonlinear transmission line frequency multiplier at upper frequency.
2, utilize the present invention, can effectively suppress the fundamental power in the output signal.Because this frequency multiplier based on composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines provided by the invention has bandpass characteristics, therefore by the choose reasonable device parameters, can the lower fundamental signal of blanketing frequency.
3, utilize the present invention, can suppress unnecessary harmonic signal.Because this frequency multiplier based on composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines provided by the invention has bandpass characteristics, therefore, can suppress unwanted high order harmonic component signal by the choose reasonable device parameters.
4, utilize the present invention, can omit and add biasing circuit.Because the diode among the present invention adopts the automatic biasing structure, therefore need not biasing circuit, simplified the frequency multiplier structure, dwindled volume.
5, utilize the present invention, can omit extra match circuit, improve the frequency multiplier microwave property.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a PIN diode voltage-current characteristic schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of left-hand nonlinear transmission line unit;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of right-handed nonlinear transmission line unit;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines unit;
Fig. 5 carries out the result that the circuit small signal S-parameters is analyzed to the composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines unit;
Fig. 6 is composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines frequency multiplication effect emulation figure.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
The characteristic of PIN diode as shown in Figure 1, when diode is in cut-off state, its economize on electricity is held and is fixed value, when input signal amplitude during greater than the diode cut-in voltage, diode is by by transferring conducting to, its capacitance sudden change.Above-mentioned non-linear process is the basic principle that PIN diode produces harmonic wave.Therefore, PIN diode also is the device commonly used in the frequency multiplier circuit.
In recent years, the method that constitutes left-handed materials by the transmission line of cyclic loading series capacitance and shunt inductance is suggested.Different with right hand transmission line, E, H and k satisfy the left hand helix rule in the left hand transmission line.Material medium dielectric constant microwave medium and magnetic permeability all are negative leftward.
In circuit structure, left-hand nonlinear transmission line shown in Figure 2 (wherein having comprised a PIN diode, two capacitances and two inductance) is compared with right-handed nonlinear transmission line shown in Figure 3 (wherein having comprised a PIN diode and two inductance), and reciprocity has taken place in the position of electric capacity and inductance in the equivalent electric circuit.The present invention is compound by left-hand nonlinear transmission line and right-handed nonlinear transmission line, has absorbed the advantage of the two, obtains even more ideal frequency multiplication characteristic.
Composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines shown in Figure 4 is made of left-hand nonlinear transmission line unit and right-handed nonlinear transmission line units in series.In the middle of this example, Cj represents the junction capacitance of PIN diode cut-off state, and for our selected diode, Cj is 0.5pF, diode cut-in voltage 1.1V.Inductance L is 1.8nH.The input/output port of circuit is 50 Ω standard radio frequency ports.To composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines shown in Figure 4, the two ends of PIN diode wherein or realize DC earthing by inductance, or direct ground connection all constitute the automatic biasing structure.
By to the analysis of circuit small signal S-parameters as can be known, left-right-hand composite transmission line is a band-pass circuit, as shown in Figure 5.
Fig. 6 is the frequency multiplication characteristic Simulation result of composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines in the example, input fundamental signal frequency 2.5GHz, power 20dBm.Can see that in output signal, fundamental signal is subjected to good restraining, reduces to 11.3dBm; Second harmonic power 9.2dBm, conversion efficiency is higher.
Above-mentioned example only is made of a composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines unit.In the invention process process, a plurality of composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines units in series can be adjusted the frequency multiplier characteristic.The composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines of more piece also belongs to the scope of the invention.
Above-described specific embodiment; purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the above only is specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being made, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a frequency multiplier is characterized in that, this frequency multiplier is made of at least one composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines unit, and this composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines unit is in series by single-unit left-hand nonlinear transmission line and single-unit right-handed nonlinear transmission line.
2. frequency multiplier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described single-unit left-hand nonlinear transmission line comprises:
First fixed capacity that is connected in series and second fixed capacity;
Be series at first variable capacitance between this first fixed capacity and second fixed capacity;
Be parallel to first inductance between this first fixed capacity and first variable capacitance; And
Be parallel to second inductance between this first variable capacitance and second fixed capacity.
3. frequency multiplier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described single-unit right-handed nonlinear transmission line comprises:
The 3rd inductance that is connected in series and the 4th inductance; And
Be parallel to second variable capacitance between the 3rd inductance and the 4th inductance.
4. as claim 2 or 3 described frequency multipliers, it is characterized in that described first variable capacitance or second variable capacitance are made of the PIN diode of automatic biasing.
5. frequency multiplier as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described first variable capacitance or second variable capacitance are relevant with the amplitude of input signal, when the amplitude of input signal greater than cut-in voltage as the PIN diode of variable capacitance, then the appearance value of variable capacitance changes DC channel into by a less fixed value, i.e. big capacitance, and produce the harmonic wave that frequency is the input signal integral multiple thus.
6. frequency multiplier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines unit has bandpass characteristics, is used to transmit the microwave signal of characteristic frequency.
7. frequency multiplier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the input of described composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines unit is a right-handed nonlinear transmission line, and output is a left-hand nonlinear transmission line.
8. frequency multiplier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, by the capacitance of selection variable capacitance and the inductance value of inductance, can obtain and input port/output port matched transmission line characteristic impedance, need not independently match circuit.
9. frequency multiplier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, when this frequency multiplier was made of a plurality of composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines unit, these a plurality of composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines cell string connected.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 200910082090 CN101872883B (en) | 2009-04-22 | 2009-04-22 | Frequency multiplier based on composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines |
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| CN 200910082090 CN101872883B (en) | 2009-04-22 | 2009-04-22 | Frequency multiplier based on composite left/right handed non-linear transmission lines |
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| CN101872883B CN101872883B (en) | 2013-03-20 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102545784A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2012-07-04 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Left-right hand composite non-linear transmission line microwave frequency multiplier circuit and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102570977A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2012-07-11 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Right-hand nonlinear transmission line microwave frequency multiplication circuit and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN106785276A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-05-31 | 西南大学 | W-waveband frequency tripler based on back-to-back topology configuration Schottky diode and waveguide footprint technology |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050270091A1 (en) * | 2004-06-03 | 2005-12-08 | Kozyrev Alexander B | Left-handed nonlinear transmission line media |
| CN101083347A (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2007-12-05 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Arbitrary dual-frequency power divider based on right-left transmission line and its production method |
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2009
- 2009-04-22 CN CN 200910082090 patent/CN101872883B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050270091A1 (en) * | 2004-06-03 | 2005-12-08 | Kozyrev Alexander B | Left-handed nonlinear transmission line media |
| CN101083347A (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2007-12-05 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Arbitrary dual-frequency power divider based on right-left transmission line and its production method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 王海涛，张德斌，凌天庆: "利用复合左右手传输线实现的两种平行耦合线定向耦合器", 《微波学报》 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102545784A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2012-07-04 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Left-right hand composite non-linear transmission line microwave frequency multiplier circuit and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102570977A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2012-07-11 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Right-hand nonlinear transmission line microwave frequency multiplication circuit and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102545784B (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2014-10-22 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Left-right hand composite non-linear transmission line microwave frequency multiplier circuit and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102570977B (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2014-10-22 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Right-hand nonlinear transmission line microwave frequency multiplication circuit and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN106785276A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-05-31 | 西南大学 | W-waveband frequency tripler based on back-to-back topology configuration Schottky diode and waveguide footprint technology |
| CN106785276B (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2019-11-05 | 西南大学 | W-waveband frequency tripler based on back-to-back topology configuration Schottky diode |
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| CN101872883B (en) | 2013-03-20 |
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Effective date of registration: 20220822 Address after: Room 108, floor 1, building 4, No. 2 dacuodeng Hutong, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100010 Patentee after: Beijing Zhongke micro Investment Management Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100029 Beijing city Chaoyang District Beitucheng West Road No. 3 Patentee before: Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences |
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