Summary of the invention
A kind of solar heat water low-temperature generating system, a kind of all demands, the place that solar water heater can be installed, the solar heat water low-temperature generating system that can both be suitable for, heat recovery efficiency can surpass 80%.
Main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of solar heat water low-temperature generating system, and the needed thermal source of its low-temperature electricity-generating unit is the hot water that solar water heater produces.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of solar heat water low-temperature generating system, a kind of low-temperature generating system that Lowlevel thermal energy is converted to the high-order electric energy of low price, it is characterized in that, form a thermal source water heating system by solar water heater, heat-pump hot-water unit, salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot, standby heating equipment, hot water pump, circulating water pump, form a complete solar heat water low-temperature generating system with the low-temperature electricity-generating machine set system again.Described solar heat water low-temperature generating system is installed in the place that all can install solar water heater; Solar water heater passes through to supply, return pipe links to each other with heat-pump hot-water unit, eutectic salts accumulation of heat water pot, forms a thermal source water heating system, and hot water pump is sent the hot water of thermal source water heating system the generating of to low-temperature electricity-generating machine set system; Temperature controller is according to the requirement of the high compressed steam generator in the low-temperature electricity-generating machine set system, and control electric valve and hot water pump make the temperature of thermal source hot water and the requirement that flow satisfies the high compressed steam generator, guarantees that the low-temperature electricity-generating unit is stable, uninterruptable power generation.
The air-source heat pump hot water group is obtained heat energy and is prepared hot water from air, source heat pump water heater group and underground water link to each other with surface water and obtains heat energy and prepare hot water, the required hot water amount of supplemental heat source water heating system, stablizes required hot water temperature; In the salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot salt eutectic phase-change heat-accumulating material is installed, hot water thermal energy storage and intensification solar water heater is sent here guarantee low-temperature generating system uninterruptable power generation in 24 hours.Above-mentioned solar heat water low-temperature generating system also is provided with standby heating plant, and when the thermal source hot water temperature hanged down, heating thermal source hot water satisfied the low-temperature electricity-generating unit to the requirement of thermal source hot water to temperature.。
In the said solar-energy water heater heat absorption tube superconducting heat pipe is housed, hot water that solar water heater produces is produced than conventional solar water heater the high 10-20 of hot water temperature ℃, solar water heater can provide the hot water about 50 ℃-55 ℃ throughout the year.
In the above-mentioned salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot salt eutectic phase-change heat-accumulating material is installed, about 50 ℃-55 ℃ the hot water heat energy that solar water heater is sent here is stored in the eutectic salts, and hot water is warmed up to more than 60-65 ℃.Salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot configuration quantity was sent out continuous electric requirement configuration in 24 hours by the low-temperature electricity-generating unit.Above-mentioned salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot is a heat preserved water can, and outside is provided with heat insulation layer.
Above-mentioned salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot is a pressure phase-change thermal storage water pot.
Be provided with the salt eutectic phase-change heat-accumulating material in the above-mentioned salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot.Salt eutectic phase-change heat-accumulating material thermal storage density is than the big 4-5 of common hot water times, and its heat accumulation temperature can reach 100 ℃.
In the above-mentioned phase-changing heat accumulation plate eutectic salts is housed.Eutectic salts has 3-5 times of phase-changing energy-storing effect, can rapidly heat be stored and elevate the temperature.
Be provided with level sensor in the above-mentioned salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot.
Above-mentioned salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot is provided with automatic control pressure vent.
Above-mentioned solar heat water low-temperature generating system is equipped with the heat-pump hot-water unit, the effect of heat-pump hot-water unit, be that solar water heater is at winter, overcast and rainy and transition season, when the hot water temperature who provides is lower than 50 ℃, it is risen to 50-55 ℃, another effect, be to extract air, surface water or phreatic heat energy to produce 50-55 ℃ of hot water, the period of hot water can not be provided at solar water heater, utilize electricity consumption at night paddy phase excrescent electric power, produce 50-55 ℃ of hot water and send into the accumulation of heat of salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot, intensification, for the generating of low-temperature electricity-generating unit.
Above-mentioned solar heat water low-temperature generating system is equipped with standby heating equipment, is gas fired boiler, also can be other heating equipment such as coal, electricity, other combustible gas heating plant etc.The effect of standby heating equipment, the one, according to of the requirement of selected low-temperature electricity-generating unit, as 70 ℃, 104 ℃ or other temperature, the hot water of thermal source water heating system heating, be warmed up to and require temperature, for its generating to thermal source hot water; Another effect is, at extreme climate in particular cases, when the thermal source hot water temperature is lower than the temperature requirement of low-temperature electricity-generating unit, thermal source hot water is heated to temperature required, guarantee the low-temperature electricity-generating unit steadily, uninterruptable power generation.
Above-mentioned solar heat water low-temperature generating system is equipped with the cryogenerator system, the cryogenerator system is made up of turbogenerator, high compressed steam generator, reductor, condenser etc., its generating medium are made up of low-boiling point material, with solar heat water low-temperature generating system of the common composition of thermal source water heating system.The cryogenerator system is an independently system, and independently intellectual property is arranged, and does not elaborate here.
Above-mentioned solar heat water low-temperature generating system is equipped with hot water pump and circulating water pump, and hot water pump is given the high compressed steam generator of low-temperature electricity-generating unit the delivery in the thermal source water heating system; Circulating water pump is delivered to the hot water that had been used in the low-temperature electricity-generating machine set system in solar water heater or the heat-pump hot-water unit, continues the circulation heating.
After adopting said structure, the place that the present invention is suitable for all demands, solar water heater can be installed.The cost of electricity-generating of solar heat water low-temperature generating system is 1/2000th of photovoltaic, a light film cost of electricity-generating.Be about 5% of conventional power plant, power station.Solar heat water low-temperature generating system, use be inexhaustible cleaning solar energy.Pollution-free, zero-emission, cost is low, efficient, high efficiency, and Lowlevel thermal energy is converted into high-order electric energy at a low price, brings benefit to the mankind, serves society.
Embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the present invention, conjunction with figs. describes in detail now.Please refer to shown in the Figure of description, the invention discloses a kind of solar heat water low-temperature generating system, a kind of all demands, the place that solar water heater can be installed, the solar heat water low-temperature generating system that can both be suitable for.
Comprising solar water heater 1, heat-pump hot-water unit 2, salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot 3, standby heating equipment 4, hot water pump 5, high compressed steam generator 6, low-temperature electricity-generating unit 7, condenser 8, reductor 9, circulating water pump 10.Wherein:
Solar water heater 1 is made up of heat-collection water tank, heat absorption tube.Heat absorption tube is the flat of plating absorption film, can be vacuum heat absorbing pipe also, and superconducting heat pipe is housed in the pipe, and heat-collection water tank is a heat-insulating water tanks, and solar water heater can provide the hot water about 50-55 ℃ throughout the year.Solar water heater is installed on the building roof or other has the place that shines upon.
Solar water heater 1 links to each other with heat-pump hot-water unit 2 by hot water confession, return pipe, and heat-pump hot-water unit 2 has wind source heat pump hot water unit, and the source heat pump water heater group is also arranged, and the source heat pump water heater group links to each other with underground water or surface water.
Heat-pump hot-water unit 2 carries solar water heater 1 the 50-55 ℃ of hot water that is lower than of coming to be heated to 50-55 ℃, send into salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot 3, if solar water heater 1 carries the hot water of coming to be equal to or higher than 50-55 ℃, then hot water is directly sent into salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot 3, no longer, heat current direction by electric valve control by 2 heating of heat-pump hot-water unit.
Salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot 3 is after being input into 50-55 ℃ of hot water of solar water heater 1 or heat-pump hot-water unit 2, hold material heat absorption and intensification by the salt eutectic phase-change that is contained in the water pot, salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot 3 top hot water temperatures are reached more than 60-65 ℃.Hot water more than salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot 3 top 60-65 ℃ through 4 heating of standby heating equipment, is perhaps directly delivered in the high compressed steam generator 6 in the cryogenerator system by hot water pump 5.Heat current direction by electric valve control.
Eutectic salts is to utilize multiple organic salt and inorganic salts to form, and utilizes at a certain temperature, and the polymolecular polymerization takes place to be undergone phase transition by the solid-state liquid state that becomes, and absorbs, stores heat.Eutectic salts is that the present invention selects material for use, therefore, and not to its principle detailed presentations.
Standby heating equipment 4 is installed between salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot 3 and the hot water pump 5, and standby heating equipment 4 is gas fired boilers, also can be heating plants such as other heating plant such as coal, electricity, oil, combustible gas.When selecting the low-temperature electricity-generating unit of 70 ℃ of thermal source hot water generatings for use, the hot water more than 60-65 ℃ that standby heating equipment 4 is sent salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot 3 here is heated to 70 ℃; When selecting the low-temperature electricity-generating unit of 104 ℃ of thermal source hot water generating for use, the hot water more than 60-65 ℃ salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot 3 is sent here is heated to 104 ℃, is delivered in the high compressed steam generator 6 in the cryogenerator system by hot water pump 5 again.
If accumulation of heat water pot 3 is sent here is the hot water of 70 ℃ of hot water or 104 ℃, just without standby heating equipment 4, is directly delivered in the high compressed steam generator 6 in the cryogenerator system by hot water pump 5.This process is finished by intelligent PLC control system control mortor operated valve.
Hot water pump 5 is installed in after the thermal source water heating system, and hot water pump 5 can be pipeline mounted pump or vertical centrifugal water pump, horizontal centrifugal pump.Hot water pump 5 is delivered to thermal source hot water in the high compressed steam generator 6 in the cryogenerator system, for the generating of low-temperature electricity-generating unit.
High compressed steam generator 6 in the cryogenerator system, absorb the heat in the thermal source hot water, allow low-boiling point material undergo phase transition, produce high compressed steam, promote cryogenerator 7 generatings, afterwards, high compressed steam is sent to reductor 9, returns high compressed steam generator 6 through condenser 8 coolings, finishes a phase transformation circulation thus.Be absorbed the thermal source hot water behind the heat, be recycled water pump 10 from return pipe through reductor 9 and deliver to solar water heater 1 or the heat-pump hot-water unit 2, heated once more, be sent to again in the salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot 3, so finish a thermal source hot water circuit.
The cryogenerator system is an autonomous system, and the intellectual property of oneself is arranged, and is to introduce technology, and therefore, the present invention is not to cryogenerator system detailed presentations.
Solar heat water low-temperature generating system adopts the intelligent control of PLC, the hot water temperature that temperature controller records according to temperature inductance probe, control opening, stopping of hot water pump, circulating water pump and electric valve, also control flow of hot water that solar water heater 1 produces to, be directly to enter salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot 3, still after entering 2 heating of heat-pump hot-water unit, enter salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot 3 again.In addition, the thermal source flow of hot water that control system is also controlled salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot 3 to, be directly to be delivered in the high compressed steam generator 6 in the cryogenerator system by hot water pump 5, still after entering 4 heating of standby heating equipment, deliver in the high compressed steam generator 6 in the cryogenerator system by hot water pump 5 again.
Salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot 3 shells are insulation shells, and the outside is provided with heat insulation layer.
All hot-water lines are intake pipe or outlet pipe no matter, and the thermal insulation casing insulation is all arranged, and thermal insulating material is rubber and plastic or other thermoinsulation material.Salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot 3 is a pressure phase-change thermal storage water pot, and being provided with the salt eutectic phase-change heat-accumulating material in jar is tubulose or bulk.
In above-mentioned phase-transition heat-storage pipe or the regenerative block eutectic salts is housed.
Be provided with the temperature detecting head in the above-mentioned salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot 3, when water temperature does not reach setting temperature in salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot 3, send signal, by temperature controller control mortor operated valve, allow jar interior hot water flow to 4 heating of standby heating equipment, deliver in the high compressed steam generator 6 in the cryogenerator system by hot water pump 5 again; When the hot water temperature reaches setting temperature in salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot 3, send signal, the control mortor operated valve without standby heating equipment 4, is directly delivered in the high compressed steam generator 6 in the cryogenerator system by hot water pump 5.The temperature of temperature controller digital display water, temperature detecting head are parts of temperature controller.
Also be provided with automatic control pressure vent on the above-mentioned salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot 3.Few in the hot water use amount, energy storage capacity is big, temperature is high, when pressure is big, can pass through the outlet valve automatic vent, and the temperature and pressures in the salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of heat water pot 3 are remained in the safety range.
The present invention, main both demands, the place that solar water heater can be installed again of being suitable for.The eutectic salts heat-absorbing material of salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of energy hot-water cylinder 3, absorb and heat energy storage, in the process of absorption, heat energy storage, heat in the hot water that solar water heater 1 produces, constantly be absorbed, and heat up, make the coolant-temperature gage on salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of energy hot-water cylinder 3 tops, maintain more than 60-65 ℃.Eutectic salts in the salt eutectic phase-change accumulation of energy hot-water cylinder 3 has 3-5 times of phase-changing energy-storing effect, can rapidly heat be stored and elevate the temperature.The phase-change material thermal storage density is than the big 4-5 of common hot water times in the case, and its energy storage temperature can reach 100 ℃.So because salt eutectic phase-change heat accumulation water pot 3 energy storage capacities are big, temperature is high, salt eutectic phase-change heat accumulation water pot 3 volumes dwindle, heat diffusion area is little, and heat loss is also few.
The hot water that solar heat water low-temperature generating system provides with solar water heater 1, by heat-pump hot-water unit 2 and 3 heating of salt eutectic phase-change heat accumulation water pot, accumulation of energy, intensification, pass through standby heating equipment 4 again, form a thermal source water heating system, make the temperature and the flow of thermal source hot water reach of the requirement of cryogenerator system, guarantee the round-the-clock generating of low-temperature generating system thermal source hot water temperature and flow.
Solar heat water low-temperature generating system, the low level hot water heat energy of solar water heater generation, hold 3 heating of heat accumulation water pot, accumulation of energy, intensification by heat-pump hot-water unit 2 and salt eutectic phase-change, again by standby heating plant 4 heating, deliver to and go generating in the cryogenerator system, change high-order electric energy into, the renewable energy sources of cleaning is become electric power at a low price, energy-conservation, reduce discharging in the sciemtifec and technical sphere great pioneering work beyond doubt.