CN101865446B - Horizontal-type bushing-type high temperature exhaust-heat recovery unit capable of generating saturated vapor and superheated vapor at the same time - Google Patents
Horizontal-type bushing-type high temperature exhaust-heat recovery unit capable of generating saturated vapor and superheated vapor at the same time Download PDFInfo
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- CN101865446B CN101865446B CN2010102016491A CN201010201649A CN101865446B CN 101865446 B CN101865446 B CN 101865446B CN 2010102016491 A CN2010102016491 A CN 2010102016491A CN 201010201649 A CN201010201649 A CN 201010201649A CN 101865446 B CN101865446 B CN 101865446B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a horizontal-type bushing-type high temperature exhaust-heat recovery unit capable of generating saturated vapor and superheated vapor at the same time, which comprises a high-temperature connection pipe (3), a high-pressure external header (5), a high- temperature internal header (7), a boiler outer barrel body (8) and an exhaust-heat boiler tube bank (13) composed of bushings, and is characterized in that the bushing is composed of a heat isolation pipe (10), an inner bushing (11) and an outer bushing (12); the boiler outer barrel body (8) is provided with a clapboard (15); a communicated clapboard (15) is arranged on the boiler outer barrel body (8); the saturated vapor at a saturated vapor generation area is introduced into a superheated vapor generation area and a superheated vapor generation segment (16) of the exhaust-heat boiler tube bank (13) for exchanging heat to generate a saturated vapor connection pipe (18) of superheated vapor; a superheated vapor outlet pipe and a saturated vapor outlet pipe are arranged on the boiler outer barrel body (8); and meanwhile, the difficult problem difficult to be realized in the past that the medium-pressure or high- pressure saturated vapor and the superheated vapor can be generated at the same time in one exhaust-heat recovery unit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to waste-heat recovery device; Especially a kind of waste-heat recovery device of chemical reactor, specifically a kind of, manufacturing cost not high to material requirements low again can be in an equipment the direct horizontal triple tube high temperature exhaust-heat recovery unit of by-product saturated vapor and superheated steam.
Background technology
1. present, the waste-heat recovery device behind the reactor is normally accomplished high-temperature gas through fairlead connection waste-heat recovery device (waste heat boiler or water heater); Traditional structure is seen Fig. 1, Fig. 2; Under the condition of elevated pressures, higher temperature and the medium that is corrosive, the design of this waste heat recovery plant that connects with pipeline and the difficulty of manufacturing are all very big, and (for example, the gas temperature of ammonia synthesis reactor is 450 ℃; Pressure is 15.0-30.0Mpa, and the H of highly corrosive is arranged
2, NH
3Deng gas); At this moment not only connect pipeline and will select very expensive high-grade alloy steel pipe for use, and the forging of recover, tubing, same senior material also will be selected for use; Therefore there is great difficulty at everyways such as selection, buying, design, manufacturing, safe operations; The long-term dependence on import of having to be difficult to production domesticization, and price is also very high.At present; The many devices of China reduce investment in order to base on our country, and the way of employing is to reduce the reactor outlet temperature; To reduce requirement to material, manufacture difficulty aspect; But the grade of recovered steam and output are descended (can only produce low pressure steam), and the optimization that this just influences system obviously descends the economy of device operation.
2. nearly all waste-heat recovery device can only the by-product saturated vapor, when the needs superheated steam, and the back steam superheater (see figure 3) of will connecting again then.So just need two equipment, flow process is longer, needs pipeline to connect, and under the operating mode for high temperature, high pressure and corrosive medium, obviously above-mentioned problem 1. is more outstanding.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to require height with material to connection pipeline and retracting device that existing waste-heat recovery device exists; The problem that manufacturing cost and difficulty are big; Design and a kind ofly can most of adopt the horizontal-type bushing-type high temperature exhaust-heat recovery unit that can produce saturated vapor and superheated steam simultaneously that common material is made, cost is low, easily manufactured.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of horizontal-type bushing-type high temperature exhaust-heat recovery unit that can produce saturated vapor and superheated steam simultaneously comprises header 7 in the high temperature connecting tube 3, high pressure extenral header 5, high temperature, boiler outer cylinder body 8 and restrains 13 by the waste heat boiler that sleeve pipe is formed, it is characterized in that:
1) high pressure extenral header 5 directly links to each other with reactor 1 through adpting flange 4, and header 7 is installed in the high pressure extenral header 5 in the high temperature, and the entrance point of header 7 links to each other with an end of high temperature connecting tube 3 in the high temperature, and the other end of high temperature tube connector 3 stretches in the reactor 1; The heat exchanging part of waste heat boiler tube bank 13 is installed in the boiler outer cylinder body 8;
2) described sleeve pipe is made up of instlated tubular 10, inner sleeve 11 and outer tube 12, and instlated tubular 10 is sleeved on the inner sleeve 11, and 0≤instlated tubular, 10 length L
1≤inner sleeve 11 length L; Be provided with the gap between instlated tubular 10 and the outer tube 12; The inlet end of inner sleeve 11 pass that boiler outer cylinder body 8 stretches in the high pressure extenral header 5 and be installed in high pressure extenral header 5 in high temperature in header 7 be connected; The outlet side of inner sleeve 11 is arranged in the blind end of outer tube 12 away from high pressure extenral header 5, and the outlet side of outer tube 12 is connected with high pressure extenral header 5, and high pressure extenral header 5 is connected with gas vent 6.
3) in the described boiler outer cylinder body 8 dividing plate 15 is installed; One side of dividing plate 15 is the saturated vapor generating region; Opposite side is the superheated steam generating region; Correspondingly waste heat boiler tube bank 13 is positioned at the end formation saturated vapor segment occurred 9 of saturated vapor generating region, and is positioned at the end formation superheated steam segment occurred 16 of superheated steam generating region, and superheated steam segment occurred 16 passes dividing plate 15 and is arranged in the superheated steam generating region; Be marked with the soft water that produces saturated vapor in described saturated vapor generating region, on boiler outer cylinder body 8, be equipped with to be communicated with dividing plate 15 both sides and the superheated steam segment occurred 16 that the saturated vapor of saturated vapor generating region is introduced superheated vapor generating region and waste heat boiler tube bank 13 is carried out heat exchange and join with the saturated vapor that produces superheated steam and manage 18; On boiler outer cylinder body 8, superheated steam outlet 19 and saturated vapor outlet are installed respectively with saturated vapor generating region and superheated steam generating region opposite position place;
4) described dividing plate 15 links to each other with boiler outer cylinder body 8 inwalls through expansion joint 14.
Described instlated tubular 10 length L
1=inner sleeve 11 length L form complete formula triple tube waste heat boiler.
Described instlated tubular 10 length L
1=0, form the dual sleeve pipe waste heat boiler of complete formula.
When 0＜instlated tubular, 10 length L
1During＜inner sleeve 11 length L, form general expression triple tube waste heat boiler.
Described dividing plate 15 links to each other through expansion joint 14 boiler outer cylinder bodies 8.
The pipe of superheated steam section 16 is equipped with the hydraulic barrier 17 that can increase heat transfer coefficient outward.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1. the present invention adopts horizontal type structure, waste heat boiler directly is connected with reactor bottom, thereby can saves the HTHP fairlead that tradition is used, and avoids the use of high-grade alloy steel pipe, is easy to domestic solution, reduces investment outlay.
2. the present invention adopts the separation structure that the internal high temperature header is set in the high pressure header, and two grams of high pressure and high temperature condition at quarter is separately born by extenral header and interior header, and the material that has reduced extenral header requires and manufacture difficulty, both reduces investment outlay, and is safer again.
3. the present invention adopts bushing type boiler tube structure, makes high-temperature gas flow through the not inner sleeve of pressurized earlier, temperature is reduced to suitable temperature after; Get into the outer tube that receives high pressure again; Promptly with the high-pressure boiler tube of heat transfer water, thereby make the material of boiler tube be easy to solve, both reduced investment outlay; Draw materials easily, again security of operation.
The effect of the present invention through dividing plate 15 with heat recovery boiler be separated into the solution-air exchange area gentle-the gas exchange area; Solved the difficult problem that superheated steam produces; Guaranteed in same boiler barrel, can produce saturated vapor, can produce superheated steam again, fully expanded the efficient of UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN; For follow-up gas equipment provides new source of the gas, this also is the crucial part that the present invention is different from prior art.
5. the heat transfer theory of bushing type boiler tube of the present invention is seen Fig. 5, comprises the heat transfer of outer tube 12 and water side and the heat transfer between inner sleeve 11 and the outer tube 12, and the latter's heat transfer main points are: high-temperature gas t
1Temperature t when inner sleeve 11 far-ends fold into outer tube 12
2Should be lower than the safe handling temperature of outer tube 12 materials slightly, and this temperature is by the length L of inner sleeve 11 through instlated tubular 10 in the triple tube
1With the non-heat insulation length L of inner sleeve 11 with outer tube 12
2Decision, temperature is t
1High-temperature gas through non-isolation section L
2Heat transfer, with temperature from t
1Reduce to safe temperature t
2, and this moment, gas was t through outer tube and heat transfer water temperature
w, temperature is from t behind the byproduct steam
2Reduce to t
3The pot that goes out to give up moves thereby whole boiler is under the condition of safe optimum.
6. being of wide application of waste-heat recoverer provided by the present invention, the temperature range of reacting gas is: 300 ℃-950 ℃, pressure is 1.0-32.0Mpa, and the temperature range of byproduct steam or water is 204 ℃-375 ℃, and pressure is 1.6Mpa-22.0Mpa; The temperature range of by-product superheated steam is 300～600 ℃, and pressure is 1.6～22.0Mpa.
7. the present invention can most of adopt that common material is made, cost is low, easily manufactured.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of traditional vertical waste heat boiler.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of traditional horizontal waste heat boiler.
Fig. 3 is the waste-heat recovery device sketch map of traditional by-product superheated steam.
Fig. 4 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structure and the diabatic process sketch map of triple tube of the present invention.
Among the figure: 2 is the catalyst layer of installing in the reactor 1.
The specific embodiment
Following structure accompanying drawing and embodiment are further described the present invention.
Like Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5.
A kind of horizontal-type bushing-type high temperature exhaust-heat recovery unit that can produce saturated vapor and superheated steam simultaneously; Comprise header 7 in high temperature connecting tube 3, high pressure extenral header 5, the high temperature, boiler outer cylinder body 8 and the waste heat boiler tube bank of forming by sleeve pipe 13; High pressure extenral header 5 links to each other with reactor 1 through adpting flange 4; Header 7 is installed in the high pressure extenral header 5 in the high temperature, and the entrance point of header 7 links to each other with an end of high temperature connecting tube 3 in the high temperature, and the other end of high temperature tube connector 3 stretches in the reactor 1; The heat exchanging part of waste heat boiler tube bank 13 is installed in the boiler outer cylinder body 8; Described sleeve pipe is made up of instlated tubular 10, inner sleeve 11 and outer tube 12; Instlated tubular 10 is sleeved on the inner sleeve 11, forms a dead air bound thermosphere 20 between the two, and the length L of 0≤instlated tubular 10
1≤inner sleeve 11 length L are provided with the gap between instlated tubular 10 and the outer tube 12; The inlet end of said inner sleeve 11 pass that boiler outer cylinder body 8 stretches in the high pressure extenral header 5 and be installed in high pressure extenral header 5 in high temperature in header 7 be connected; The outlet side of inner sleeve 11 is arranged in the blind end of outer tube 12 away from high pressure extenral header 5; The outlet side of outer tube 12 is connected with high pressure extenral header 5, and high pressure extenral header 5 is connected with gas vent 6; In described boiler outer cylinder body 8, dividing plate 15 is installed; One side of dividing plate 15 is the saturated vapor generating region; Opposite side is the superheated vapor generating region; Correspondingly waste heat boiler tube bank 13 is positioned at the part formation saturated vapor segment occurred 9 of saturated vapor generating region; And the part that is positioned at the superheated steam generating region forms superheated steam segment occurred 16; Vapours segment occurred 16 passes dividing plate 15 and is arranged in the superheated steam generating region and is in the state that freely stretches, and waste heat boiler tube bank 13 is positioned in the boiler barrel 8 through dividing plate 15, is marked with the soft water that produces saturated vapor in described saturated vapor generating region; Soft water water filling port 21 is arranged in the bottom in boiler barrel 8 saturated steam generation districts, on boiler outer cylinder body 8, is equipped with to be communicated with dividing plate 15 both sides and the saturated vapor introducing superheated vapor generating region of saturated vapor generating region and the superheated steam segment occurred 16 of waste heat boiler tube bank 13 are carried out heat exchange to produce the saturated vapor couplet pipe 18 of superheated steam; Superheated steam generating region opposite position place is equipped with superheated steam outlet 19 respectively on boiler outer cylinder body 8, and saturated vapor can join pipe 18 from saturated vapor and directly draw., because causing dividing plate to damage, the effect of expanding with heat and contract with cold during practical implementation, can dividing plate 15 be linked to each other with boiler outer cylinder body 8, in order to prevent to eliminate thermal stress through expansion joint 14.In addition, in order to increase heat transfer coefficient, hydraulic barrier 17 is installed in the superheated steam generating region.As shown in Figure 4.
Relation according between the length of instlated tubular 10 and inner sleeve 11 is different, and the present invention can equivalence becomes complete formula three-casing structure, formula two sleeve structures and general expression three-casing structure fully:
When instlated tubular 10 length L
1Just form complete formula triple tube waste heat boiler during=inner sleeve 11 length L.
When instlated tubular 10 length L
1Just formed the dual sleeve pipe waste heat boiler of complete formula at=0 o'clock.
Therefore have only when 0＜instlated tubular, 10 length L
1Just form general expression triple tube waste heat boiler shown in Figure 4 during＜inner sleeve 11 length L.
Length L as for instlated tubular 10
1Can confirm through conventional calculating according to concrete process conditions to those skilled in the art.
T among Fig. 5
1Be meant that reacted high-temperature gas gets into the temperature (about 450 ℃) in the high temperature connecting tube 3; Absolute pressure is 15.0MPa; Pressure reduction≤0.2MPa that high temperature connecting tube 3 is born; This high temperature connecting tube 3 is introduced header 7 in the high temperature with gas, is distributed to then in the inner sleeve 11 in a series of sleeve pipes of installing in the boiler outer cylinder body 8 to go.
T among Fig. 5
2Point is the terminal temperature of inner sleeve 11, and behind the heat insulation pipeline section of high-temperature gas passes, temperature has decline (generally descending 10～20 ℃) slightly from 450 ℃, folds into thus in the gap between outer tube 12 and the instlated tubular 10.
The gas that reactor 1 comes out produces saturated vapor through the soft water exchange that inner sleeve 10 folds in the outer tubes 12 at first with dividing plate 15 1 sides; Saturated vapor is managed 18 entering dividing plates 15 through couplet does not have a rear flank of soft water and the superheated steam that the interior high-temperature technology gas of pipe further carries out >=400 ℃ of heat exchange generations; And through with the soft water heat exchange after reaction gas constantly lower the temperature, drop to 265 ℃ until the temperature that gets into high pressure extenral header 5, pressure is 15.0MPa; Gas is discharged high pressure extenral header 5 through exporting 6; Therefore, the pipeline that connects back equipment just can be selected the lower pipeline of temperature grade for use, to reduce investment.
But the 4.0MPa superheated steam of the high-temperature residual heat recovery boiler by-product temperature of present embodiment >=400 ℃.
It below is the actual effect example of utilizing the waste-heat recovery device of apparatus of the present invention.
Certain reaction back gas, temperature is 650 ℃, and pressure is 5.0Mpa, gets into header 7 in the high temperature through high temperature connecting tube 3, and distribution of gas gets into each inner sleeve 11, owing to require this waste heat boiler to produce 5.2Mpa, 460 ℃ superheated steam.Through calculating, it is L that the useless Cooker structure of the complete dual bushing type of no instlated tubular is adopted in decision
2=0, at this moment inner sleeve 11 interior 650 ℃ process gas are carried out heat exchange with the outer annular space gas that returns of pipe, make this gas arrive inner sleeve 11 terminal temperature to reduce to～500 ℃; This gas is in the superheat section of waste heat boiler and the saturated vapor heat exchange outside the pipe; Produce 460 ℃ superheated steam, and its temperature that goes out superheat section is reduced to～470 ℃, get into the saturated vapor section then; With the saturated vapor of 266 ℃ of the outer soft water heat exchange by-products of pipe, final process gas temperature is reduced to 280 ℃ and is left useless pot from gas vent 6.
Claims (5)
1. horizontal-type bushing-type high temperature exhaust-heat recovery unit that can produce saturated vapor and superheated steam simultaneously; Comprise header (7) in the high temperature connecting tube (3), high pressure extenral header (5), high temperature, boiler outer cylinder body (8) and restrain (13), it is characterized in that by the waste heat boiler that sleeve pipe is formed:
1) high pressure extenral header (5) directly links to each other with reactor (1) through adpting flange (4); Header (7) is installed in the high pressure extenral header (5) in the high temperature; The entrance point of header (7) links to each other with an end of high temperature connecting tube (3) in the high temperature, and the other end of high temperature tube connector (3) stretches in the reactor (1); The heat exchanging part of waste heat boiler tube bank (13) is installed in the boiler outer cylinder body (8);
2) described sleeve pipe is made up of instlated tubular (10), inner sleeve (11) and outer tube (12), and instlated tubular (10) is sleeved on the inner sleeve (11), and 0≤instlated tubular (10) length L
1≤inner sleeve (11) length L; Be provided with the gap between instlated tubular (10) and the outer tube (12); The inlet end of inner sleeve (11) pass that boiler outer cylinder body (8) stretches in the high pressure extenral header (5) and be installed in high pressure extenral header (5) in high temperature in header (7) be connected, the outlet side of inner sleeve (11) is arranged in the blind end of outer tube (12) away from high pressure extenral header (5), the outlet side of outer tube (12) is connected with high pressure extenral header (5); High pressure extenral header (5) is connected with gas vent (6)
3) in the described boiler outer cylinder body (8) dividing plate (15) is installed; One side of dividing plate (15) is the saturated vapor generating region; Opposite side is the superheated steam generating region; Correspondingly waste heat boiler tube bank (13) is positioned at the part formation saturated vapor segment occurred (9) of saturated vapor generating region; And the part that is positioned at the superheated steam generating region forms superheated steam segment occurred (16); Be marked with the soft water that produces saturated vapor in described saturated vapor generating region, on boiler outer cylinder body (8), be equipped with to be communicated with dividing plate (15) both sides and the superheated steam segment occurred (16) that the saturated vapor of saturated vapor generating region is introduced superheated steam generating region and waste heat boiler tube bank (13) is carried out heat exchange and join with the saturated vapor that produces superheated steam and manage (18); Go up and saturated vapor generating region and superheated steam generating region opposite position place are equipped with saturated vapor outlet and superheated steam outlet (19) respectively at boiler outer cylinder body (8);
4) described dividing plate (15) links to each other with boiler outer cylinder body (8) inwall through expansion joint (14).
2. the horizontal-type bushing-type high temperature exhaust-heat recovery unit that can produce saturated vapor and superheated steam simultaneously according to claim 1 is characterized in that described instlated tubular (10) length L
1=inner sleeve (11) length L forms complete formula triple tube waste heat boiler.
3. the horizontal-type bushing-type high temperature exhaust-heat recovery unit that can produce saturated vapor and superheated steam simultaneously according to claim 1 is characterized in that described instlated tubular (10) length L
1=0, form the dual sleeve pipe waste heat boiler of complete formula.
4. the horizontal-type bushing-type high temperature exhaust-heat recovery unit that can produce saturated vapor and superheated steam simultaneously according to claim 1 is characterized in that 0＜instlated tubular (10) length L
1＜inner sleeve (11) length L forms general expression triple tube waste heat boiler.
5. the horizontal-type bushing-type high temperature exhaust-heat recovery unit that can produce saturated vapor and superheated steam simultaneously according to claim 1 is characterized in that the pipe of superheated steam segment occurred (16) is equipped with the hydraulic barrier (17) that can increase heat transfer coefficient outward.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102016491A CN101865446B (en) | 2010-06-17 | 2010-06-17 | Horizontal-type bushing-type high temperature exhaust-heat recovery unit capable of generating saturated vapor and superheated vapor at the same time |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102016491A CN101865446B (en) | 2010-06-17 | 2010-06-17 | Horizontal-type bushing-type high temperature exhaust-heat recovery unit capable of generating saturated vapor and superheated vapor at the same time |
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| CN101865446A CN101865446A (en) | 2010-10-20 |
| CN101865446B true CN101865446B (en) | 2012-01-11 |
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| CN2010102016491A Active CN101865446B (en) | 2010-06-17 | 2010-06-17 | Horizontal-type bushing-type high temperature exhaust-heat recovery unit capable of generating saturated vapor and superheated vapor at the same time |
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| CN102261638A (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2011-11-30 | 湖南安淳高新技术有限公司 | Three-in-one device composed of reactor, waste heat boiler and steam superheater |
| CN102513034B (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2014-03-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | High temperature methanation device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE10062320A1 (en) * | 2000-12-14 | 2002-06-20 | Borsig Gmbh | Heat recovery boiler for cooling hot synthesis gas |
| US7552701B2 (en) * | 2006-05-16 | 2009-06-30 | Shell Oil Company | Boiler for making super heated steam and its use |
| DE102006055973A1 (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2008-05-29 | Borsig Gmbh | Heat exchanger for cooling cracked gas |
| CN201028466Y (en) * | 2007-03-23 | 2008-02-27 | 江苏中圣高科技产业有限公司 | High-efficiency quick-cooling waste heat boiler |
| CN201028488Y (en) * | 2007-04-11 | 2008-02-27 | 吕仲明 | Horizontal treble casing tube high-temperature heat recovery device |
| CN201724194U (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2011-01-26 | 南京国昌化工科技有限公司 | Horizontal sleeve type high-temperature waste heat recovery device capable of simultaneously generating saturated steam and superheated steam |
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Address after: 211500 No. 186, Shidai Avenue, Liuhe Economic Development Zone, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Nanjing Goodchina Chemical Technologies Co., Ltd. Address before: 210044, beside the Xin Xin gas station, Yanjiang Development Zone, Nanjing, Jiangsu Patentee before: Nanjing Goodchina Chemical Technologies Co., Ltd. |