CN101854085A - Electric power recharging method of motor - Google Patents
Electric power recharging method of motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN101854085A CN101854085A CN201010188320A CN201010188320A CN101854085A CN 101854085 A CN101854085 A CN 101854085A CN 201010188320 A CN201010188320 A CN 201010188320A CN 201010188320 A CN201010188320 A CN 201010188320A CN 101854085 A CN101854085 A CN 101854085A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electric power recharging method of a motor. The motor is electrically connected with a drive circuit and a control circuit; the drive circuit receives a control signal of the control circuit and is provided with at least two groups of switches which are connected in parallel to each other; each group of switches is formed by connecting a first switch and a second switch in series; each phase of the motor is respectively connected between the first switch and the second switch of each group of switches; and each group of switches is electrically connected with an electric power storing device or a power supply circuit. When the motor is positioned in a power generation mode, the second switch is subjected to pulse-width modulation switching on/off according to signals of various positions of a motor rotor sensed by a detection assembly positioned at the rotor position of the motor, and each first switch is always kept switching-off without switching. The invention can ensure better power generation effect and prevent a user riding in electric vehicle from generating unsmooth feeling and generating the risk when the electric power recharging method is applied to the electric vehicle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric power recharging method of motor, relate in particular to a kind of energy recuperation mode of utilizing the brushless permanent magnet electromotor coil short, can not change under existing control/drive circuit, brushless permanent magnet electromotor can be switched between power generation mode and motoring mode; Under power generation mode, utilize different switch switching modes, can allow the rotational kinetic energy of brushless permanent magnet electromotor, convert electric energy to and also can be when the slow-speed of revolution with the highest conversion efficiency to battery charge.
Background technology
Please refer to Fig. 9, is the driver drives circuit of wherein two-phase of the known brushless permanent magnet electromotor of expression and the link circuit figure of permanent magnet motor.Under power generation mode, respectively have a switch to open (ON) simultaneously up and down driver earlier, that is switch Q1, Q4 open simultaneously or switch Q2, Q3 open simultaneously, so that coil inductance L is charged, the induced voltage VL of its inductance is Ldi/dt=Vb-kew.When these two switch Q1, Q4 or Q2, Q3 disconnect (OFF) simultaneously, will be to power storage devices B charging, the induced voltage VL of its coil inductance L is L di/dt=Vb+kew.
By the equilibrium equation of when charging voltage, the voltage Vb of back electromotive force kew and power storage devices B (as rechargeable battery etc.) connects, and allows the voltage VL of inductance L must improve higher could power storage devices B the charging, can cause the poor effect of generating electricity like this.
In addition, the switching power generation mode of electric motor car is by voltage control at present; Please refer to Figure 10, represent the curve chart of the known corresponding rotating speed of the voltage-controlled torque value of electric motor car; Voltage control with 50% is an example, if reach 50% by static throttle at once, twisting force is shown in dotted line, starting torque is big, and moment of torsion meeting moment decline, and becoming when causing taking dashes forward suddenly descends rapidly afterwards again, cause the sensation of taking that has some setbacks, more likely cause danger.
Relatively, when charge mode, if reach 50% generating at once by no generating state, initial stage generating torsion can be increased to maximum suddenly, drop to 50% from acrotorque moment again, therefore can form as the pause and transition in rhythm or melody situation as put brakes on violently (being engine brake), cause the danger that has some setbacks and take easily.
So, how to promote battery charge efficient and make the generating effect better, and avoid taking the sensation that has some setbacks and dangerous generation, be an instant problem at present on the problem of electric motor car.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention provides a kind of electric power recharging method of motor, it is the energy recuperation mode of utilizing the brushless permanent magnet electromotor coil short, under existing control/drive circuit, utilize different switch switching modes, can allow the rotational kinetic energy of brushless permanent magnet electromotor, convert electric energy to the highest conversion efficiency.
Another object of the present invention is to handle in phase sequence to cause maximum generation, utilizes best switch switching mode, can allow the rotational kinetic energy of brushless permanent magnet electromotor, converts electric energy in the power conversion mode of maximum.
The 3rd purpose of the present invention is to make motor all be controlled the torsion control of motor by electric current when motoring mode or power generation mode, can avoid moment of torsion moment to rise or descend unexpected preshoot that is caused or the sensation that has some setbacks of pausing suddenly, and then avoid being applied to equipment such as electric motor car and take danger.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: the electric power recharging method that a kind of motor is provided, motor is electrically connected with drive circuit and control circuit, described drive circuit is accepted the control signal of described control circuit, described drive circuit has at least two group switches, respectively should organize between the switch parallel with one another, and respectively this group switch is to be composed in series by first switch and second switch, each of described motor is connected mutually between first switch and this two switch of this group switch respectively respectively, and described respectively this is organized switch and is electrically connected with power storage devices or power circuit;
Described electric power recharging method comprises: when described motor under power generation mode, described this second switch that respectively changes is according to each position signalling from rotor position detection assembly institute this motor rotor of sensing of being positioned at motor, come that this second switch is respectively carried out pulse-width modulation conducting/disconnections and switch, respectively this first switch then maintains disconnection always and does not do any switching.
Wherein, the described switch that carries out pulse-width modulation conducting/disconnection switching, be that back electromotive force at corresponding phase coil becomes the interval conducting of high voltage/disconnection, this high voltage interval is the upper half wave height voltage zone of voltage cycle, its switch is the angle position conducting at this first cycle [180 °-(360 ° of ÷ numbers of phases)] ÷ 2, and 180 °-{ angle position of [180 °-(360 ° of ÷ numbers of phases)] ÷ 2} disconnects.
Wherein, the described switch that carries out pulse-width modulation conducting/disconnection switching, be that back electromotive force at corresponding phase coil becomes the interval conducting of high voltage/disconnection, this high voltage interval is the lower half wave height voltage zone of voltage cycle, its switch be this second cycle [180 °-(360 ° of ÷ numbers of phases)] ÷ 2}+180 ° angle position conducting, and＜180 °-[180 °-(360 ° of ÷ numbers of phases)] ÷ 2} 〉+180 ° angle position disconnects.
Wherein, described motor also comprises current signal skew loop, the current sensing component of described power circuit is electrically connected with this current signal skew loop, so that the zero current signal that this power circuit was produced is carried out signal bias, the reverse current signal that is produced when making generating can directly be accepted by CPU or MCU.
Wherein, described motor is controlled its generating torsion with the control generation current.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the electric power recharging method of motor of the present invention, can guarantee preferable generating effect, and when make using motor application of the present invention on electric car, avoid riding in user on this electric car and produce the sensation that has some setbacks and cause danger.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the operating principle of application of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the binding schematic diagram of drive circuit of the present invention and brushless permanent magnet electromotor;
Fig. 3 is the equivalent circuit diagram of brushless permanent magnet electromotor of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the wherein circuit diagram of the drive circuit of two-phase of brushless permanent magnet electromotor of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is that the present invention is applied to the switch switching key diagram of three-phase brushless permanent magnet motor at motor driven pattern and power generation mode;
Fig. 6 is the generate electricity electrical block diagram of torsion control system of the present invention;
Fig. 7 A is the current-voltage signature tune line chart of current signal off-centre circuit of the present invention;
Fig. 7 B is the sample circuit diagram in current signal skew of the present invention loop;
Fig. 8 is the curve synoptic diagram of the corresponding tachometer value of torque value of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is brushless permanent magnet electromotor wherein the driver drives circuit of two-phase and the link circuit figure of permanent magnet motor of background technology;
Figure 10 is the curve chart of the corresponding rotating speed of the voltage-controlled torque value of the electric motor car of background technology.
Embodiment
By describing technology contents of the present invention, structural feature in detail, realized purpose and effect, give explanation below in conjunction with execution mode and conjunction with figs. are detailed.
Please refer to Fig. 1, is the structural representation of the expression operating principle that the present invention used; This circuit diagram is boost converter (boost converter) circuit of direct current transducer (DC to DC), comprises a power storage devices B, an inductance L, a switch Q, a diode D, a capacitor C, a load R1oad and an output voltage V o.
In this circuit, utilize the effect of inductance L, the energy that electric energy and magnetic field energy are changed mutually temporarily stores, and when switch Q conducting, the voltage Vb of power storage devices B charges to inductance L, and inductance L converts electrical energy into magnetic field energy and stores.
This moment, the terminal voltage VL of inductance L was V
L=L di/dt.
When switch Q disconnects, the input voltage Vb of voltage reversal on the inductance L and power storage devices B series connection, diode D conducting is charged to capacitor C, thereby the voltage of capacitor C can be charged to the output voltage V o that is higher than power storage devices B.Form after being converted to the superposition of electric energy because this output voltage V o is the magnetic figured stone of input voltage Vb and inductance L,, promptly finish the process of boosting (V so output voltage V o is higher than input voltage Vb
0=V
b+ V
L).
In circuit diagram shown in Figure 1, switch Q is the power crystal, and the open and close of this crystal are controlled by pulse-width modulation (PWM) circuit; And output voltage V o can be by ON/OFF (conducting/disconnection) the percentage decision of pulse-width modulation (PWM).
Please refer to Fig. 2, is the binding schematic diagram of expression drive circuit of the present invention and brushless permanent magnet electromotor.When motor 10 rotating speeds are not 0 just to have back electromotive force kew to produce, motor winding is coiling, so itself also is inductance ML; So, the equivalent electric circuit of brushless permanent magnet electromotor 10 such as Fig. 3.
Please refer to Fig. 4, is the wherein circuit diagram of the drive circuit of two-phase of expression brushless permanent magnet electromotor of the present invention; When switch Q2 conducting, form the loop of short circuit between the two-phase of brushless permanent magnet electromotor 10, because the rotation of the rotor of brushless permanent magnet electromotor 10 causes magnetic field intercepts and then forms back electromotive force kew, this back electromotive force kew can continue charging to coil inductance ML, allow inductance ML storage power, its back electromotive force kew can equal the voltage V of inductance ML
L=L di/dt.
When switch Q2 disconnects, voltage reversal on the inductance ML, electric current can produce the loop with battery via diode D, because of the voltage Vb of power storage devices B can be less than the voltage VL on the inductance ML with the voltage after back electromotive force kew connects, and then can charge the voltage V of its inductance ML to power storage devices B
L=L di/dt equals Vb and cuts back electromotive force kew; So, as long as motor 10 can generate electricity when slowly running.
Please refer to Fig. 5, is that expression the present invention is applied to the switch switching key diagram of three-phase brushless permanent magnet motor at motor driven pattern and power generation mode, and how its explanation will allow brushless permanent magnet electromotor 10 generate electricity with the energy output of maximum.Present embodiment is with threephase motor and to detect assembly with rotor-position be that example describes with the Hall subassembly, and the Hall subassembly of varying number can be set in the motor with different numbers of phases.
Brushless permanent magnet electromotor 10 is provided with Hall subassembly HU, HV, the HW that three rotor-positions detecting rotor-position detect assembly, go the ON/OFF that switch Q1～Q6 carried out suitable pulse-width modulation (PWM) to switch (have 6 kind modes) with position signalling Hu, Hv, the Hw of output under motoring mode to control circuit 3 (as shown in Figure 6) with sensing by this, in the hope of reaching best operating condition; Meaning promptly, the electric power recharging method of motor 10 of the present invention, be to work as brushless permanent magnet electromotor 10 under power generation mode, switch Q2, Q4, Q6 remove to carry out suitable pulse-width modulation (PWM) ON/OFF according to the difference of position signalling Hu, Hv, Hw and switch (having 3 kinds of modes), and switch Q1, Q3, Q5 then maintain OFF (disconnection) always and do not do any switching.On the contrary, also can maintain OFF (disconnection) always and not do any switching by switch Q2, Q4, Q6, switch and remove to carry out suitable pulse-width modulation (PWM) ON/OFF according to the difference of position signalling Hu, Hv, Hw, can reach identical effect with switch Q1, Q3, Q5.Aforementioned our address of switch Q that always maintains OFF (disconnection) is first switch, goes the switch Q that carries out suitable pulse-width modulation (PWM) ON/OFF switching then to call with second switch according to position signalling.
For example, when position signalling Hu, Hv, the Hw of Hall subassembly HU, HV, HW be respectively two 1,0,0 the time, switch Q1, Q6 conducting under motoring mode are so that motor 10 runs well; If under power generation mode, then with switch Q2 conducting, allow the rotor cutting magnetic field that the coil inductance ML of motor 10 is charged, utilize principle as described in Figure 4 again, that is when switch Q2 conducting, form the loop of short circuit between the two-phase of brushless permanent magnet electromotor 10, because the rotation of the rotor of brushless permanent magnet electromotor 10 causes magnetic field intercepts and then forms back electromotive force kew, this back electromotive force kew can continue charging to coil inductance ML, allow inductance ML storage power, its back electromotive force kew can equal the voltage V of inductance ML
L=L di/dt, when switch Q2 disconnects, voltage reversal on the inductance ML, electric current can produce the loop with battery via diode D, because of the voltage Vb of power storage devices B connects the voltage of back with back electromotive force kew can be less than the voltage VL on the inductance ML, and then can charge the voltage V of its inductance ML to power storage devices B
L=L di/dt equals Vb and cuts back electromotive force kew; So as long as motor 10 can generate electricity when slowly running, so electric current can recharge power storage devices B and reach the effect of generating.
In order to reach maximum energy output, the switch switching time of power crystal is very important, when the rotor rotation of brushless DC motor, can produce back electromotive force by cutting magnetic field, this back electromotive force can produce high or low voltage on each phase stator coil, if can generate electricity under the condition of high voltage, the energy of its generating and efficient all can be better.Detect the position signalling of assembly according to rotor-position, we can understand the relative position of rotor magnet with stator coil, and then understand the situation of back electromotive force.With three-phase brushless DC motor and to detect assembly with rotor-position be example with the Hall subassembly, when Hu becomes when high, this moment, the coil back electromotive force of U phase also can be in higher zone, Q2 on the drive circuit then should conducting allows the coil charges of motor, when Hv becomes then Q4 conducting when high, when Hw becomes then Q6 conducting when high, the conducting switching time between the UVW, 120 degree at interval in twos.Other multi-phase motor principle is identical, its in twos at interval angle then be that 360 degree are divided by the number of phases.In like manner, the present invention also is able to switch Q1, Q3, Q5 and becomes conducting when high according to position signalling Hu, Hv, Hw, also can reach the equivalent action of identical generating effect.Difference is high voltage (high) position signalling of back-emf voltage cycle only between the two, the high voltage region of first cycle of the first, and another then is the high voltage region of second cycle.
Aforementioned switches Q can be between high voltage region position signalling conducting/disconnection, above half cycles is an example, is the position conducting at 30 ° of angles of first cycle, and disconnects first continuous cycle conducting/disconnection in regular turn in the position at 150 ° of angles.Then (four are 45 ° to other multi-phase motor mutually for the angle position conducting of [180 °-(360 ° of ÷ numbers of phases)] ÷ 2, six are 60 ° mutually), and 180 °-{ angle position of [180 °-(360 ° of ÷ numbers of phases)] ÷ 2} disconnects (four are 135 ° mutually, and six are 120 ° mutually).Conducting/the disconnection of lower half wave height voltage range position signalling can in like manner be implemented, and reaches maximum generating effect.Because second cycle and upper half phase of wave differ from 180 °, the angle position of its conducting/disconnection can be that the angle according to first cycle adds 180 ° and specific implementation.
Please refer to Fig. 6, is the generate electricity electrical block diagram of torsion control system of expression the present invention; The generating torsion control system 1 of electric motor car of the present invention comprises a power circuit 5 and a motor 10 that a control circuit 3, a current sensing component 2, one drive circuit 4 are constituted at least.
Please refer to Fig. 7 A, it is the current-voltage signature tune line chart of expression current signal off-centre circuit of the present invention, when electric current is zero, the corresponding magnitude of voltage of current signal is also non-vanishing, suppose that this moment, voltage was 2VDC, that is to say, be lower than 2VDC when control circuit 3 (CPU) detects current signal, then control circuit 3 knows it is to be in power generation mode now, and its current signal can not produce any problem to control circuit 3 (CPU).
, be the wherein sample circuit diagram in the current signal skew loop of an embodiment of expression the present invention please more simultaneously with reference to figure 7B; Drive circuit 4 is to connect current signal skew loop 6, and the relational expression of its output voltage V 0 and input current I is to be expressed as follows:
Wherein, V0 is the voltage that is input to control circuit 3 (CPU), and VCC is a reference voltage, and Rshunt is the current measurement resistance that is positioned at the input mains side, and I is an input current.
Therefore, by current signal skew loop 6, can carry out signal bias control to the negative current that drive circuit 4 is produced.
In addition, drive circuit 4 is to be electrically connected with control circuit 3 and motor 10, and accepts the control of control circuit 3; Drive circuit 4 is as previously mentioned, has switch Q1～Q6, and first group of switch is switch Q1, Q2 series connection, second group of switch is switch Q3, Q4 series connection, the 3rd group of switch is switch Q5, Q6 series connection, and first group of switch, second group of switch and the 3rd group of switch row parallel connection again, and is electrically connected power storage devices B, moreover, the three-phase of motor 10 be connected between switch Q1, the Q2 respectively, between switch Q3, the Q4 and between switch Q5, the Q6.
As shown in Figure 5, when power generation mode, switch Q1, Q3, Q5 is OFF (disconnection) state, and switch Q2, Q4, Q6 can take turns pulse width modulation (Pulse-width modulation, PWM) and ON (conducting), and Hall subassembly (rotor-position detects assembly) HU according to motor 10, HV, the position signalling Hu of HW, Hv, Hw moves, see through the control of pulse width modulation (PWM) switch, time that can control switch ON state from short to long, and then reach the generating torsion ascending (it is ascending to be equivalent to generation current) purpose, promptly when the electric power that recharges surpasses storage assembly (being power storage devices B) load, generating torsion can be reduced to little torsion by big torsion, the meaning torsion that promptly generates electricity is transformable, and then control is to charging voltage and the charging current of power storage devices B.
Please also refer to Fig. 8, is the curve synoptic diagram of the corresponding tachometer value of expression torque value of the present invention; If reach torque value 15% by static throttle at once, twisting force is shown in dotted line, starts torsion according to the output of 15% torsion, can avoid torsion moment to become big or diminishes, and causes producing taking the sensation that has some setbacks.
Relatively, if when charge mode, torsion is shown in dotted line in 15% o'clock twisting force, starts torsion according to torque value 15% start, can avoid the engine brake of big torsion of moment, causes producing taking the sensation that has some setbacks.
The above only is embodiments of the invention; be not so limit claim of the present invention; every equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion that utilizes specification of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to be done; or directly or indirectly be used in other relevant technical fields, all in like manner be included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the electric power recharging method of a motor, it is characterized in that, motor is electrically connected with drive circuit and control circuit, described drive circuit is accepted the control signal of described control circuit, described drive circuit has at least two group switches, respectively should organize between the switch parallel with one another, and respectively this group switch is to be composed in series by first switch and second switch, each of described motor is connected mutually between first switch and this two switch of this group switch respectively respectively, and described respectively this is organized switch and is electrically connected with power storage devices or power circuit;
Described electric power recharging method comprises: when described motor under power generation mode, described respectively this second switch is according to each position signalling from rotor position detection assembly institute this motor rotor of sensing of being positioned at motor, come that this second switch is respectively carried out pulse-width modulation conducting/disconnections and switch, respectively this first switch then maintains disconnection always and does not do any switching.
2. the electric power recharging method of motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described switch that carries out pulse-width modulation conducting/disconnection switching, be that back electromotive force at corresponding phase coil becomes the interval conducting of high voltage/disconnection, this high voltage interval is the upper half wave height voltage zone of voltage cycle, its switch is the angle position conducting at this first cycle [180 °-(360 ° of ÷ numbers of phases)] ÷ 2, and 180 °-{ angle position of [180 °-(360 ° of ÷ numbers of phases)] ÷ 2} disconnects.
3. the electric power recharging method of motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described switch that carries out pulse-width modulation conducting/disconnection switching, be that back electromotive force at corresponding phase coil becomes the interval conducting of high voltage/disconnection, this high voltage interval is the lower half wave height voltage zone of voltage cycle, its switch be this second cycle [180 °-(360 ° of ÷ numbers of phases)] ÷ 2}+180 ° angle position conducting, and＜180 °-[180 °-(360 ° of ÷ numbers of phases)] ÷ 2} 〉+180 ° angle position disconnects.
4. the electric power recharging method of motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described motor also comprises current signal skew loop, the current sensing component of described power circuit is electrically connected with this current signal skew loop, so that the zero current signal that this power circuit was produced is carried out signal bias, the reverse current signal that is produced when making generating can directly be accepted by CPU or MCU.
5. the electric power recharging method of motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described motor is controlled its generating torsion with the control generation current.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010188320A CN101854085A (en) | 2010-06-01 | 2010-06-01 | Electric power recharging method of motor |
| CN201010528429XA CN101986553B (en) | 2010-06-01 | 2010-11-01 | Electricity generating control method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201010188320A CN101854085A (en) | 2010-06-01 | 2010-06-01 | Electric power recharging method of motor |
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| CN201010188320A Pending CN101854085A (en) | 2010-06-01 | 2010-06-01 | Electric power recharging method of motor |
| CN201010528429XA Active CN101986553B (en) | 2010-06-01 | 2010-11-01 | Electricity generating control method |
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| TWI740616B (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2021-09-21 | 楊得中 | Power supply system with rechargeable power |
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| US11051653B2 (en) | 2016-03-11 | 2021-07-06 | Taylor Commercial Foodservice, Llc | Grill system and method for detecting movement when motor is “off” |
| CN109268761A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2019-01-25 | 芜湖左舒电子商务有限公司 | A kind of solar lighting street lamp |
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| KR970705225A (en) * | 1994-07-01 | 1997-09-06 | 원본미기재 | BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR USING PHASE TIMING ADVANCEMENT USING PHASE TIMING FORWARD |
| JP3531277B2 (en) * | 1995-04-24 | 2004-05-24 | 株式会社デンソー | AC generator for vehicle and control method thereof |
| JPH09117183A (en) * | 1995-10-18 | 1997-05-02 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Power generator |
| CN100490300C (en) * | 2003-12-16 | 2009-05-20 | 基益企业股份有限公司 | Motor-generator integrated bidirectional AC/DC converting circuit |
| KR100815429B1 (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2008-03-20 | 이옥재 | A constant-power brushless DC motor and the generator thereby |
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| TWI740616B (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2021-09-21 | 楊得中 | Power supply system with rechargeable power |
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| CN101986553B (en) | 2013-09-11 |
| CN101986553A (en) | 2011-03-16 |
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Open date: 20101006 |