CN101851791B - Biological degumming device and method for bast fibers - Google Patents
Biological degumming device and method for bast fibers Download PDFInfo
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- CN101851791B CN101851791B CN201010100073XA CN201010100073A CN101851791B CN 101851791 B CN101851791 B CN 101851791B CN 201010100073X A CN201010100073X A CN 201010100073XA CN 201010100073 A CN201010100073 A CN 201010100073A CN 101851791 B CN101851791 B CN 101851791B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a biological degumming device and a biological degumming method for bast fibers. The biological degumming device is characterized by comprising an inoculation system, a biological fermentation system and a sterilization system, wherein the inoculation system and the biological fermentation system comprise a main tank, a hot water bucket and a main pump respectively; the main tank is connected with the liquid inlet of the main pump and is connected with the liquid outlet of the main pump through a compressed air pump; a coil pipe is arranged in the main tank, two ends of the coil pipe are respectively connected with a water inlet and the water outlet of the hot water bucket through pipelines, and one of the pipelines is provided with a suction pump; the sterilization system comprises a sterilization main tank of which the liquid outlet is connected with the main pump; the water outlet of the main pump is connected with a heat exchange device; the water outlet of the heat exchange device is connected with the liquid inlet of the sterilization main tank; a filter plate provided with holes is arranged in the sterilization main tank; an auxiliary tank is also arranged outside the sterilization main tank; and a yarn hanging device is respectively arranged in the main tanks of the inoculation system, the biological fermentation system and the sterilization system. The device and the method can be widely used for biological degumming process of the bast fibers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of degumming device and method, particularly about a kind of biological degumming device and method of bast fiber.
Background technology
The main composition of bast fiber is pectin, hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin etc.It is main with chemical Degumming still that the Degumming method of ramie bast fiber is gone up in industry at present, and chemical Degumming consumes a large amount of water, industrial chemicals and energy, and production cost is high, contains harmful chemical composition, very easily contaminated environment in the sewage after the processing.And the degummed ramie of chemical degumming technique production, adhering to some chemical substances on the fiber inevitably, these chemical substances possibly get into the inside of fiber, destroy the internal structure of fiber, thereby influence its use.The raising day by day of Along with people's living standard, cleaner production, minimizing environmental pollution are more and more paid close attention to by the whole world, and the application of biological degumming technology in flax spinning demonstrated great vitality.
Traditional biological degumming adopts nature Process of retting flax with or air fermentation method.The nature Process of retting flax with has following drawback: 1, utilize that have on the numb skin, a spot of with decompose pectin microbial growth breeding for survival; Remove the colloid on the fiber and decompose, this natural retted fibre Degumming method length consuming time generally needs tens days; And it is bigger that this method is influenced by the temperature Change of environment; Because room temperature is difficult to control, so the ectonexine treatment effect difference of fiber crops is big, degumming quality is unstable.2, handle a large amount of pond and the clear water of retted fibre process need, take up an area of greatly, the sewage quantity of generation is big, is difficult for concentrating recycling, and a large amount of decomposed odour of generation also is another problem of workplace.3, the process of insulation and the problems such as draining of trench; Can cause this bacterium to flow in the natural environment outward; Although verify this bacterium to external world environment do not constitute harm, its influence always embodies to a certain extent to some extent, therefore can not adapt to the suitability for industrialized production needs.4, environment and growth of microorganism poor controllability, it is poor to handle the fiber uniformity coefficient, causes the high-count yarn spun difficulty, influence spinning processing and fiber applications.
The air fermentation method is normally with after the flax fibre inoculation; Put into constant temperature and humidity apparatus for placing or room certain hour, fermentation is come unstuck, the washing of sterilizing then; There is following problem in it: 1, fiber is when air ferments; Because there are inside and outside difference in temperature, humidity, directly influence growth of microorganism, make and handle uniformity extreme difference.2, for the aerobic-type microorganism, can't in time evenly supply with oxygen during biofermentation in the air, it is inhomogeneous also can to cause coming unstuck, and influences result of use.3, processing procedure is to carry out in water and in the sealing air respectively, needs the space big, and process is loaded down with trivial details.
At present, though there is certain achievement in China about the research of biological degumming, but be not applied to as yet in the actual production, its handlability also waits research; Because complementary relationship before and after not considering in the production link is not broken the limitation that in the greenhouse, is incubated, therefore still can't accomplish really efficient " artificially controlled ".
Summary of the invention
To the problems referred to above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind ofly come unstuck evenly, efficient is high, pollute less, biologically degumming bast fibers device and method that cost is low.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of biological degumming device of bast fiber is characterized in that: it comprises inoculation system, biofermentation system and disinfection system; Said inoculation system and biofermentation system include master cylinder, a hot water barrel and a main pump with cover, and the liquid outlet of said master cylinder connects the inlet of said main pump, and the inlet of said master cylinder connects the liquid outlet of said main pump through a compressed air pump; Be provided with the coil pipe of its inwall of coiling or bottom in the said master cylinder; The two ends of said coil pipe connect said hot water barrel's water inlet and delivery port respectively through pipeline; Wherein a said pipeline is provided with a suction pump, the interior bottom of said master cylinder be provided with one be covered with eyelet filter; Said disinfection system comprises the sterilization master cylinder that a tubbiness is with cover; Be provided with a liquid outlet in the bottom of said sterilization master cylinder; Liquid outlet connects a main pump, and the delivery port of said main pump connects a heat-exchanger rig, and the delivery port of said heat-exchanger rig connects the inlet that said sterilization master cylinder bottom is provided with; The interior bottom of said sterilization master cylinder be provided with one be covered with eyelet filter, also be provided with a secondary cylinder in the outside of said sterilization master cylinder; All be provided with Yarn hanging device in the master cylinder of said inoculation system, biofermentation system and disinfection system; Said Yarn hanging device comprises a hollow posts; Said hollow posts both sides correspondence is provided with the above hollow beam that is communicated with said hollow posts of one deck; Be arranged at intervals with some extension bars that are communicated with it on each said hollow beam, said extension bar is provided with some eyelets; The outer end of the said hollow beam of each of each side links into an integrated entity through same support column; The bottom of said support column and hollow posts be connected one be covered with mesh the creel chassis; The end of said hollow posts is provided with the pipeline connector; Said pipeline connector connects the inlet of said master cylinder, and the top of said hollow posts is provided with suspender.
Said Yarn hanging device is a plurality of for the series connection use, and the hollow posts top of a said Yarn hanging device of the superiors is closed, and the hollow posts open top of the said Yarn hanging device of each of lower floor also is connected on the terminal pipeline connector of the said open tubular column of adjacent last layer.
Two said support columns are provided with each said extension bar are surrounded a urceolus wherein; Said urceolus is that symmetry is articulated in four Yarn hanging device baffle plates on the two said support columns in twos; Two Yarn hanging device baffle plates of both sides form two fan doors; Be covered with apopore on the said urceolus, the top of said urceolus is provided with a lid.
The upper lateral part of said master cylinder be provided with one have valve inlet and have the water inlet of valve, the bottom of said master cylinder be provided with one have a valve the waste liquid mouth.
Above-mentioned biological degumming device carries out the method for ramie bast fiber biological degumming; May further comprise the steps: 1) inoculation: bast fiber is packed in the said Yarn hanging device, and place in the master cylinder of said inoculation system, start main pump; The nutrient solution that will have the engineering bacteria of the ability of coming unstuck; Pump into the hollow posts of Yarn hanging device, behind the hollow beam that nutrient solution gets into hollow posts is communicated with, through the eyelet on the extension bar that is provided with on it; Be ejected on the extension bast fiber above that, the nutrient solution that flows out from the master cylinder bottom flows back to main pump; Water temperature in the whole process is at 33～38 ℃, and the time is 1～3 hour, and throughput is 0.1～1.4L/minm
32) biofermentation: water temperature is set in advance is 35～41 ℃ warm water in the master cylinder of said biofermentation system; To be equipped with again in the master cylinder of bast fiber Yarn hanging device from step 1) after step 1) is handled and hang out; Put into the master cylinder of biofermentation system, start main pump, the water in the master cylinder pumps into the hollow posts of Yarn hanging device; Get into hollow beam that hollow posts is communicated with after; Eyelet through on the extension bar that is provided with on it is ejected on the extension bast fiber above that, and the current that flow out from the master cylinder bottom return main pump; Replenish the nutrient solution identical in the master cylinder interval with step 1); Whole process water temperature maintains 35～41 ℃, and the time is 4～25 hours, and throughput is 0.2～1.5L/minm
33) sterilization: in the master cylinder of said disinfection system, add water, with step 2) the bast fiber Yarn hanging device after the processing places in the master cylinder of disinfection system; Start main pump; Water in the master cylinder pumps into the hollow posts of Yarn hanging device, get into hollow beam that hollow posts is communicated with after, through the eyelet on the extension bar of setting on it; Be ejected on the extension bast fiber above that, the current that flow out from the master cylinder bottom return main pump; Whole process water temperature is 80～140 ℃, and the time is 0.2～1.5 hour.
In the process of said inoculation system and the operation of said fermentation system; Keep water temperature by be communicated with the coil pipe that is arranged in the master cylinder with the hot water barrel; Said hot water barrel is by setting within it or outer heater heating, and the throughput in the said master cylinder provides by being arranged on the outer compressed air pump of master cylinder.
In the process of said disinfection system operation, keep water temperature by said heat-exchanger rig, said heat-exchanger rig is by setting within it or outer heater heating.
Said engineering bacteria with the ability of coming unstuck is selected from more than one bacterial strains in bacillus (Bacillus), pseudomonas (Pseudomonas) and the Micrococcus (Micrococcus).
The engineering bacteria with the ability of coming unstuck of existing report is listed below for example:
Up to the present, having separated not following ten kinds of the aerobic degumming bacteriums that can be used for bast fiber degumming that obtain, mainly is some kinds of bacillus (Bacillus), pseudomonas (Pseudomonas) and Micrococcus (Micrococcus); 1940, Rossi obtained Ke Shi bacillus (Bacillus comessiRossi) and has been used for hemp, flax degumming; Debsarma isolates 8 strain degumming bacteriums in nineteen forty-six in jute dipping hole, belong to three kinds: bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), soak numb bacillus (Bacillusmacerans) and Bacillus me-sentericus; Hemp Inst., China Academy of Agricultural Sciences obtains a bacillus subtilis T66 from pond sludge, very capable to China grass degumming.
Except that above-mentioned bacterium, plant height effect degumming strain T85-260 (Erwinia sp.), Gram-negative sporeless bacterium have been screened by Hemp Inst., China Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Facultative aerobic; To raw ramie, fermentation process 5 ~ 8h accomplishes bacterium and comes unstuck with the bacterial classification inoculation that spreads cultivation; The routine post processing of coming unstuck obtains superior in quality degummed ramie.External people such as Fredi filter out a strain basophilla bacterium Amycolata sp..In the China grass degumming process, the pectin lyase that this bacterial strain produces acts on the functioning efficiency that efficiency far on the inoglia is higher than the zytase that it produces.
In recent years, the research for the bast-fibre biological degumming bacterial classification mainly concentrates on the basophilla bacillus.1997, the Cao Jun of Wuhan University the people such as defended and delivers patent " new basophilic Bacillus strain and in China grass degumming, use " (application number 97109044.0), the basophilic Bacillus strain NTT33-CL301 that provides; CCTCC № 96009 can directly be used for China grass degumming, and has the cycle of coming unstuck weak point; The efficient of coming unstuck height, bacterial classification is difficult for contaminated, and enzyme activity is stable; Advantages such as processing cost is low, and fiber quality is good.The thalline of this bacterial strain is shaft-like, and even dyeing has motoricity, the flagellum adnation; Endospore ovalize, sporangium are big slightly, and be aerobic, the hydrogen peroxide enzyme positive; Bacterium colony is rounded, and smooth surface has concentric circles, and is slow to the effect of glucose when growing on the conventional culture medium; And the generation of acid is can not check in inspection on the culture medium, this bacterial strain starch-splitting but the nitrate that do not reduce, and growing state is good in the culture medium of pH10.Usually time is 12～48h.
Above-mentioned bacterial strains all can be used for biological degumming of the present invention.
The present invention is owing to take above technical scheme, and it has the following advantages: 1, the present invention is owing to be provided with three groups of independently systems, and every group system all comprises a master cylinder; Place Yarn hanging device in the master cylinder, through the treatment fluid of preparing in the master cylinder bast fiber that hangs on the Yarn hanging device is handled, therefore; The solution that contains biological inoculum can repeatedly use aborning; Reduce cost effectively, improved economic benefit, and the convenient collection of sewage; Be easy to focus on, reduced environmental pollution significantly.2, the present invention is owing to be provided with a coil pipe in master cylinder, and the water in the coil pipe is provided by the hot water barrel, and the heat that distributes through the hot water in the coil pipe is the treatment fluid heating in the master cylinder, and therefore, heating-up temperature is stable, and controllability is strong.3, the present invention is furnished with air supply system owing to be outside equipped with a main pump at master cylinder, in master cylinder, places the Yarn hanging device that hangs bast fiber; The hollow posts both sides of Yarn hanging device are provided with 4～9 layers of hollow beam, and the extension waste of flax is set on the hollow beam at top, hang waste of flax and are provided with some eyelets; On each hollow beam below the spray bar is set, on the spray bar, spray apertures is set, when therefore starting main pump; Treatment fluid can advance omnibearing spray processing with the spray apertures ejection on the spray bar to bast fiber from each eyelet of hanging on the waste of flax; Result is very evenly thorough, and has guaranteed the activity condition of aerobic bacteria, makes bast fiber degumming even.4, the inventive method can be after the end of coming unstuck; In the master cylinder of disinfection system, add certain washing medium and alkali lye, be warmed up to more than 100 ℃, insulation 10～30min; Realization is to the deactivation of bacterium; Realized again the first step of residual colloid is cleaned, guaranteed that directly bacterium is unlikely to be lost in the middle of the external environment, and reduced the burden of post processing.Structural design of the present invention is simply ingenious, and controllability is strong, can be widely used in the biological degumming process of bast fiber.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is biofermentation of the present invention, inoculation system structural representation
Fig. 2 is a disinfection system structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 3 is a Yarn hanging device structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 4 is Fig. 3 schematic top plan view
Fig. 5 is a telescoping shoring post structural representation of the present invention
The specific embodiment
Statement: following " % ", like no specified otherwise, equal representation quality percentage composition.
As shown in Figure 1, the inventive system comprises biofermentation system, inoculation system and disinfection system.
Biofermentation of the present invention system comprises master cylinder 1, a hot water barrel 2 and a main pump 3 with cover.Be provided with the coil pipe 4 of its inwall of coiling or bottom in the master cylinder 1; The two ends of coil pipe 4 connect hot water barrel 2 water inlet and delivery port respectively through pipeline; Wherein a pipeline is provided with a suction pump 5, and said hot water barrel 2 is connected with heater that establish in it or peripheral hardware.In the course of work; Water among the hot water barrel 2 is under the effect of suction pump 5; Between the coil pipe 4 of master cylinder 1 and hot water barrel 2, circulate, the heat that distributes through coil pipe 4 is the treatment fluid heating in the master cylinder 1, and keeps treatment fluid temperature in the master cylinder 1 in the scope of setting.Master cylinder 1 bottom is respectively arranged with inlet and liquid outlet; The inlet of master cylinder 1 connects the liquid outlet of main pump 3 through a compressed air pump 6; The inlet of main pump 3 connects the liquid outlet of master cylinder 1; Treatment fluid in the master cylinder 1 can form self circulation through the effect of main pump 3, and replenishes air through compressed air pump 6 to treatment fluid, on compressed air pump 6, also is provided with an air sterilization and filtering device (not shown).The upper portion side wall of master cylinder 1 be provided with one have a valve 7 water inlet; Open valve 7, in master cylinder 1, add water through water inlet, also be provided with on master cylinder 1 top one have a valve 8 inlet; Open valve 8, the nutrient solution in the spawn culture liquid device can be injected in the master cylinder 1 through inlet.The bottom of master cylinder 1 be provided with one have a valve 9 the waste liquid mouth, opening valve 9 can be through waste liquid mouth discharging waste liquid.In the master cylinder 1 bottom also be provided with one be covered with eyelet the filter (not shown).
The structure of inoculation system of the present invention and biofermentation of the present invention system is provided with basic identical, and what only inject in the master cylinder 1 is not treatment fluid, but nutrient solution.
As shown in Figure 2, disinfection system of the present invention is identical a bit with the structure of above-mentioned two systems, some difference; It comprises tubbiness master cylinder with cover 10, is provided with a liquid outlet and an inlet in the bottom of master cylinder 10, and the liquid outlet of master cylinder 10 connects a main pump 11; The liquid outlet of main pump 11 connects a heat-exchanger rig 12, and the liquid outlet of heat-exchanger rig 12 connects the inlet of master cylinder 10, in the master cylinder 10 bottoms be provided with one be covered with eyelet filter 13; Master cylinder 10 upper portion side wall be provided with one have a valve 14 water inlet; Open valve 14, can in master cylinder 10, inject water through water inlet, master cylinder 10 bottoms be provided with one have a valve 15 the waste liquid mouth; Open valve 15, can the discharging of waste liquid in the master cylinder 10 be fallen through the waste liquid mouth.Also be provided with a secondary cylinder 16 in the outside of master cylinder 10, secondary cylinder 16 connects master cylinder 10 through the pipeline of a tool valve 17, and the effect of secondary cylinder 16 is to add bactericidal agent for master cylinder 10.
In the master cylinder 10 of the master cylinder 1 of the master cylinder 1 of biofermentation system, inoculation system and disinfection system, be respectively arranged with Yarn hanging device 20.
Like Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4; Yarn hanging device 20 comprises a hollow posts 201; Hollow posts 201 and arranged on left and right sides are symmetrically arranged with several layers hollow beam 202 from top to bottom at interval, and each hollow beam 202 is communicated with hollow posts 201, and the outer end of each hollow beam 202 of each side links into an integrated entity through same support column 203.Be arranged at intervals with the extension bar 204 of some horizontal vertical in hollow beam 202 on each root hollow beam 202, every extension bar 204 all is communicated with hollow beam 202, and every extension bar 204 is provided with some eyelets.Hollow posts 201 and support column 203 bottoms be connected with one be covered with mesh Yarn hanging device chassis 205, the end of hollow posts 201 is provided with a pipeline connector 206.The top of Yarn hanging device 20 hollow posts 201 is provided with a suspender 207, can Yarn hanging device 20 be hung in the master cylinder through boom hoisting.
Among above-mentioned each embodiment; The eyelet of ground floor extension bar 204 generally is arranged on the first half of extension bar 204; Promptly in a row be arranged on its top and both sides position on the upper side, so that the water that from eyelet, sprays sprays to the bast fiber at extension bar top, to eliminate the processing dead angle.The eyelet of the extension bar 204 of the second layer and following each layer can only be arranged on both sides, and the top is not provided with.
As shown in Figure 5, in the foregoing description, support column 203 can be a telescoping shoring post; This telescoping shoring post comprises pipe 2031 and one outer tube 2032 in; Inner and outer pipe 2031,2032 is relatively set with screw thread, and interior pipe 2031 tops are fixedly connected (as shown in Figure 3) with hollow beam 202, and outer tube 2032 bottoms and creel chassis 205 are rotationally connected; Through rotating outer tube 2032; In pipe 2031 can rise with respect to outer tube 2032, thereby the distance between adjustment hollow beam 202 and the creel chassis 205 is regulated and with common locked instrument inner and outer pipe 2031,2032 is locked after accomplishing.In addition, each hollow beam 202 upper/lower terminal can be fixedly connected with support column 201 through screw bolt and nut, and telescoping shoring post also can be taked other frame mode.
As shown in Figure 4, form a relatively independent operating space in order to make each Yarn hanging device 20, the urceolus that all extension bars 204 are surrounded wherein can be set on two support columns 203; Urceolus can adopt the Yarn hanging device baffle plate 208 of four arcs; Yarn hanging device baffle plate 208 symmetry in twos is articulated on two support columns 203, makes two Yarn hanging device baffle plates 208 of both sides form the two fan doors that can close and lock, like this; When bast fiber after overworking on the extension bar 204; Can two pairs of Yarn hanging device baffle plates 208 be closed locking, form the urceolus of an integral body, be covered with apopore on the urceolus.
When Yarn hanging device 20 was placed in parallel connection, the top of hollow posts 201 all seal, 206 of the pipeline connectors of the hollow posts 201 bottoms inlet pipeline that has that is connected in parallel.
In the practical application, the Yarn hanging device of placing in the inoculation system usually 20 is 1～4, and the Yarn hanging device of placing in the biofermentation system 20 is 1～30, and the Yarn hanging device of placing in the disinfection system 20 is 1～4.
The biological degumming process that employing apparatus of the present invention are carried out ramie bast fiber is following:
One, seed culture
Carry out earlier corresponding bacterial classification being carried out seed culture before the biological degumming, process nutrient solution, process is following:
1, first class inoculum is cultivated
Culture medium compound method: in water, add peptone 0.5～3.0%, beef extract 0.1～2.0%, dusty yeast 0.1～2.5%, glucose 0.1～3.0%, NaCl 0.1～1.5%, (NH
4)
2HPO
40～0.1%, KH
2PO
40.01～0.1%, adjust pH is 6.5-11.0, then sterilization; Sterilising conditions is: 110～130 ℃, 5～40min, process culture medium.
Picking bacterial classification from the flat board inserts in the culture medium then, cultivates the culture process parameter: 30～37 ℃, 3～12 hours, first class inoculum was processed in vibration.
2, second class inoculum is cultivated
Culture medium compound method: in water, add peptone 0.5～3.0%, beef extract 0.1～2.0%, dusty yeast 0.1～2.5%, glucose 0.1～3.0%, NaCl 0.1～1.5%, (NH
4)
2HPO
40～0.1%, KH
2PO
40.01～0.1%, adjust pH is 6.5-11.0, then sterilization; Sterilising conditions is: 110～130 ℃, 5～40min, process culture medium.
Insert first class inoculum, inoculum concentration is 3～25%, cultivates the culture process parameter: 30～37 ℃, 3～12 hours, second class inoculum was processed in vibration.
3, three-class strain is cultivated
Culture medium compound method: in water, add bean cake powder 0.5～3.5%, (NH
4)
2HPO
40～0.1%, KH
2PO
40.01 MgSO～0.1%,
40.002～0.02%, regulating the pH value is 6.5～11.0, then sterilization; Sterilising conditions is: 110～130 ℃, 5～40min, process culture medium.
Insert second class inoculum, inoculum concentration is 1～15%, cultivates the culture process parameter: 30～37 ℃, 3～12 hours, three-class strain was processed in vibration.
Two, biological degumming
1, inoculation in the inoculation system:
(1) in the master cylinder of inoculation system, injects 33～38 ℃ of (as 35～38 ℃, 33～37 ℃ etc.) water; Put into the Yarn hanging device that hangs up properly numb skin (hemp fiber crops skin, ramie fiber crops skin, flax fiber crops skin etc.); Control bath raio (bath raio is the mass ratio of numb skin and water) 1: (5～20), regulate the pH value and be 6.5～11.0 (as 6.5～8.5,8.5～11.0,6.5～7.5 etc.), the unlatching main pump circulatory system; 33～38 ℃ of temperature of control (as 35～38 ℃, 33～37 ℃ etc.) are moved 5～20 minutes;
(2) three-class strain is injected the master cylinder of inoculation system, injection rate is 2～25% (as 2～20%, 3～25%, 2～12% etc.) of the water yield in the cylinder;
(3) in the processing procedure, 33～38 ℃ of fluid temperatures in the master cylinder (as 35～38 ℃, 33～37 ℃ etc.), throughput is 0.1～1.4L/min ton water (like 0.1～1.0L/min ton water, a 0.2-1.4L/min ton water etc.), handles 1～3 hour (as 1～2 hour).
Accomplish seeded process, Yarn hanging device hangs in the fermentation system master cylinder.
2, fermentation in the fermentation system:
(1) in the master cylinder of biofermentation system, injects 35～41 ℃ of (as 36～41 ℃, 35～39 ℃ etc.) water; Control bath raio 1: (5～20); Regulate pH value and be 6.5～11.0 (as 6.5～8.5,8.5～11.0,6.5～7.5 etc.), put into postvaccinal Yarn hanging device, the unlatching main pump circulatory system.
(2) 35～41 ℃ of fluid temperatures in the master cylinder (as 36～41 ℃, 35～39 ℃ etc.); Throughput is 0.2-1.5L/min ton water (like a 0.2-1.3L/min ton water), and 4～25 hours (as 6-25 hour, 4～15 hours, 5～15 hours etc.) of circulating carries out biofermentation and handle.
After accomplishing fermentation, Yarn hanging device hangs in the disinfection system master cylinder.
3, in the disinfection system
(1) in the master cylinder of disinfection system, inject water, control bath raio 1: (5～20), put into the Yarn hanging device after the fermentation, open the main pump circulatory system.
(2) intensification makes the interior liquid of cylinder reach 80～140 ℃, the circulation 0.2-1.5 hour carrying out washing treatment of sterilizing, normal temperature clear water washing then.
After the completion, Yarn hanging device hangs out has promptly accomplished biological degumming.
Be for further specifying listed examples of the present invention below:
The biological degumming of embodiment 1, hemp bast fiber
Bacterial classification: efficient degumming strain T85-260 (Erwinia sp.): available from Hemp Inst., China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, ZL951125648, the national numbering CGMCC95 of DSMZ.
Material: hemp fiber crops skin (hemp raw material fiber crops skin).
One, seed culture
1, first class inoculum is cultivated
Culture medium compound method: in water, add peptone 0.5%, beef extract 0.1%, dusty yeast 0.1%, glucose 0.1%, NaCl 0.1%, KH
2PO
40.01%, adjust pH is 7.5, then sterilization; Sterilising conditions is: 110 ℃, 5min, process culture medium.
Picking bacterial classification from the flat board inserts in the culture medium then, cultivates the culture process parameter: 35 ℃, 3 hours, first class inoculum was processed in vibration.
2, second class inoculum is cultivated
Culture medium compound method: in water, add peptone 0.5%, beef extract 0.1%, dusty yeast 0.1%, glucose 0.1%, NaCl 0.1%, KH
2PO
40.01%, adjust pH is 7.5, then sterilization; Sterilising conditions is: 110 ℃, 5min, process culture medium.
Insert first class inoculum, inoculum concentration is 3% (volumn concentration), cultivates the culture process parameter: 35 ℃, 3 hours, second class inoculum was processed in vibration.
3, three-class strain is cultivated
Culture medium compound method: in water, add bean cake powder 0.5%, KH
2PO
40.01%, MgSO
40.002%, regulating the pH value is 7.5, then sterilization; Sterilising conditions is: 110 ℃, 5min, process culture medium.
Insert second class inoculum, inoculum concentration is 1% (volumn concentration), cultivates the culture process parameter: 35 ℃, 3 hours, three-class strain was processed in vibration.
Two, biological degumming
1, inoculation in the inoculation system:
(1) in the master cylinder of inoculation system, inject 38 ℃ of water, put into the Yarn hanging device that hangs up properly hemp fiber crops skin, control bath raio 1: 5, regulating the pH value is 7.5, opens the main pump circulatory system, 38 ℃ of control temperature are moved 5 minutes;
(2) three-class strain is injected the master cylinder of inoculation system, injection rate is 2% (percent by volume) of the water yield in the cylinder;
(3) in the processing procedure, fluid temperature is 38 ℃ in the master cylinder, and throughput is a 0.1L/min ton water, inoculates 3 hours hours.
Accomplish seeded process, Yarn hanging device hangs in the fermentation system master cylinder.
2, fermentation in the fermentation system:
(1) in the master cylinder of biofermentation system, inject 39 ℃ of water, control bath raio 1: 5, regulating the pH value is 7.5, puts into postvaccinal Yarn hanging device, opens the main pump circulatory system.
(2) the interior fluid temperature of master cylinder is 39 ℃, and throughput is a 0.2L/min ton water, circulates to carry out the biofermentation processing in 25 hours.
After accomplishing fermentation, Yarn hanging device hangs in the disinfection system master cylinder.
3, in the disinfection system
(1) in the master cylinder of disinfection system, inject water, control bath raio 1: 5 is put into the Yarn hanging device after the fermentation, opens the main pump circulatory system.
(2) intensification makes the interior liquid of cylinder reach 110 ℃, the 1.5 hours carrying out washing treatment of sterilizing that circulate, normal temperature clear water washing then.
After the completion, Yarn hanging device hangs out has promptly accomplished biological degumming.
Ramie bast fiber sampling, the chemical composition that " quantitative analysis method of ramie chemical composition " tested respectively behind the hemp biological degumming with reference to GB/T5889-1986 is seen table 1.
The chemical composition of hemp before and after table 1 biological degumming
| Test event | Residual gum content, % | Adipocere matter, % | The hydrotrope, % | Pectin, % | Hemicellulose, % | Lignin, % | Cellulose, % |
| Before coming unstuck | 42.36 | 1.40 | 12.78 | 6.61 | 19.92 | 7.12 | 52.17 |
| After coming unstuck | 13.24 | 0.50 | 0.88 | 0.34 | 12.06 | 2.94 | 83.28 |
Can be found out that by last table behind biological degumming, the pectin of hemp, hemicellulose, content of lignin descend significantly, content of cellulose improves 31.11%.Meanwhile, adipocere matter also has certain removal, helps the osmosis of auxiliary agent in the post-production processing.Explain that the biological degumming effect is obvious.
Above-mentioned inoculation solution and fermentation liquid can use 1～4 time, are more or less the same through its biological degumming effect of test.
The biological degumming of embodiment 2, ramie bast fiber
Bacterial classification: basophilic Bacillus strain NTT33-CL301, CCTCC № 96009 is available from China typical culture collection center (CCTCC).
Material: ramie fiber crops skin (ramie raw materials fiber crops skin).
One, seed culture
1, first class inoculum is cultivated
Culture medium compound method: in water, add peptone 3.0%, beef extract 2.0%, dusty yeast 2.5%, glucose 3.0%, NaCl 1.5%, (NH
4)
2HPO
40.1%, KH
2PO
40.1%, adjust pH is 11.0, then sterilization; Sterilising conditions is: 130 ℃, 40min, process culture medium.
Picking bacterial classification from the flat board inserts in the culture medium then, cultivates the culture process parameter: 37 ℃, 12 hours, first class inoculum was processed in vibration.
2, second class inoculum is cultivated
Culture medium compound method: in water, add peptone 3.0%, beef extract 2.0%, dusty yeast 2.5%, glucose 3.0%, NaCl 1.5%, (NH
4)
2HPO
40.1%, KH
2PO
40.1%, adjust pH is 11.0, then sterilization; Sterilising conditions is: 130 ℃, 40min, process culture medium.
Insert first class inoculum, inoculum concentration is 25% (volumn concentration), cultivates the culture process parameter: 37 ℃, 12 hours, second class inoculum was processed in vibration.
3, three-class strain is cultivated
Culture medium compound method: in water, add bean cake powder 3.5%, (NH
4)
2HPO
40.1%, KH
2PO
40.1%, MgSO
40.02%, regulating the pH value is 11.0, then sterilization; Sterilising conditions is: 130 ℃, 40min, process culture medium.
Insert second class inoculum, inoculum concentration is 15% (volumn concentration), cultivates the culture process parameter: 37 ℃, 12 hours, three-class strain was processed in vibration.
Two, biological degumming
1, inoculation in the inoculation system:
(1) in the master cylinder of inoculation system, injects 35 ℃ of water, put into the Yarn hanging device that hangs up properly ramie fiber crops skin, control bath raio 1: 20; Regulating the pH value is 11.0, opens main pump, and the water in the master cylinder pumps in the hollow posts of Yarn hanging device; Behind the hollow beam that hollow posts gets into hollow posts is communicated with; Eyelet through on the extension bar that is provided with on it is ejected on the extension bast fiber above that, and the current that flow out from the master cylinder bottom return main pump; The temperature that the control master cylinder is pinched is 35 ℃, and be 20 minutes running time;
(2) three-class strain is injected the master cylinder of inoculation system, injection rate is the water yield 25% (volumn concentration) in the cylinder;
(3) in the processing procedure, by 35 ℃ of fluid temperatures in hot water barrel and the coil pipe control master cylinder, be to inject oxygen in the master cylinder by being arranged on the outer air pressure pump of master cylinder, throughput is a 1.4L/min ton water, inoculates 2 hours.
Accomplish seeded process, Yarn hanging device hangs in the fermentation system master cylinder.
2, fermentation in the fermentation system:
(1) in the master cylinder of biofermentation system, inject 35 ℃ of water, control bath raio 1: 20, regulating the pH value is 11.0; Put into postvaccinal Yarn hanging device, open main pump, the water in the master cylinder pumps in the hollow posts of Yarn hanging device; Behind the hollow beam that hollow posts gets into hollow posts is communicated with; Eyelet through on the extension bar that is provided with on it is ejected on the extension bast fiber above that, and the current that flow out from the master cylinder bottom return main pump.
(2) by 35 ℃ of fluid temperatures in hot water barrel and the coil pipe control master cylinder, be to inject oxygen in the master cylinder by being arranged on the outer air pressure pump of master cylinder, throughput is a 1.5L/min ton water, circulates to carry out the biofermentation processing in 4 hours.
After accomplishing fermentation, Yarn hanging device hangs in the disinfection system master cylinder.
3, in the disinfection system
(1) in the master cylinder of disinfection system, inject water, control bath raio 1: 20 is put into the Yarn hanging device after the fermentation; Open main pump and open main pump; Water in the master cylinder pumps in the hollow posts of Yarn hanging device, behind the hollow beam that hollow posts gets into hollow posts is communicated with, through the eyelet on the extension bar that is provided with on it; Be ejected on the extension bast fiber above that, the current that flow out from the master cylinder bottom return main pump.
(2) heat up by heater, make the interior liquid of cylinder reach 140 ℃, the 0.2 hour carrying out washing treatment of sterilizing that circulates, normal temperature clear water washing then.
After the completion, Yarn hanging device hangs out has promptly accomplished biological degumming.
Ramie bast fiber sampling, the chemical composition that " quantitative analysis method of ramie chemical composition " tested respectively behind the biological degumming of ramie with reference to GB/T5889-1986 is seen table 2.
The chemical composition of ramie before and after table 2 biological degumming
| Test event | Residual gum content, % | Adipocere matter, % | The hydrotrope, % | Pectin, % | Hemicellulose, % | Lignin, % | Cellulose, % |
| Before coming unstuck | 24.72 | 0.72 | 5.54 | 4.39 | 14.67 | 0.84 | 73.84 |
| After coming unstuck | 3.26 | 0.37 | 0.62 | 0.21 | 2.53 | 0.73 | 95.54 |
Can be found out that by last table behind biological degumming, the pectin of ramie, hemicellulose, content of lignin descend significantly, content of cellulose brings up to 95.54%, and residual gum content is merely 3.26%, and the biological degumming effect is obvious.Through after the road divide operation physical treatments such as fine washing, can reach spinning requirement.
Above-mentioned inoculation solution and fermentation liquid can use 1～4 time, are more or less the same through its biological degumming effect of test.
The biological degumming of embodiment 3, flax bast fiber
Bacterial classification: bacterial strain CXJZ95-198, available from Hemp Inst., China Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
Material: flax fiber crops skin (flax raw material fiber crops skin).
One, seed culture
1, first class inoculum is cultivated
Culture medium compound method: in water, add peptone 2.0%, beef extract 1.0%, dusty yeast 1.5%, glucose 1.5%, NaCl 1%, (NH
4)
2HPO
40.01%, KH
2PO
40.05%, adjust pH is 6.5, then sterilization; Sterilising conditions is: 120 ℃, 20min, process culture medium.
Picking bacterial classification from the flat board inserts in the culture medium then, cultivates the culture process parameter: 30 ℃, 8 hours, first class inoculum was processed in vibration.
2, second class inoculum is cultivated
Culture medium compound method: in water, add peptone 2.0%, beef extract 1.0%, dusty yeast 1.5%, glucose 1.5%, NaCl 1%, (NH
4)
2HPO
40.01%, KH
2PO
40.05%, adjust pH is 6.5, then sterilization; Sterilising conditions is: 120 ℃, 20min, process culture medium.
Insert first class inoculum, inoculum concentration is 15% (volumn concentration), cultivates the culture process parameter: 30 ℃, 8 hours, second class inoculum was processed in vibration.
3, three-class strain is cultivated
Culture medium compound method: in water, add bean cake powder 2.5%, (NH
4)
2HPO
40.01%, KH
2PO
40.05%, MgSO
40.01%, regulating the pH value is 6.5, then sterilization; Sterilising conditions is: 120 ℃, 20min, process culture medium.
Insert second class inoculum, inoculum concentration is 10% (volumn concentration), cultivates the culture process parameter: 30 ℃, 8 hours, three-class strain was processed in vibration.
Two, biological degumming
1, inoculation in the inoculation system:
(1) in the master cylinder of inoculation system, inject 41 ℃ of water, put into the Yarn hanging device that hangs up properly flax fiber crops skin, control bath raio 1: 10, regulating the pH value is 6.5, opens the main pump circulatory system, 41 ℃ of control temperature are moved 10 minutes;
(2) three-class strain is injected the master cylinder of inoculation system, injection rate is the water yield 12% in the cylinder;
(3) in the processing procedure, fluid temperature is 41 ℃ in the master cylinder, and throughput is a 1.0L/min ton water, inoculates 3 hours.
Accomplish seeded process, Yarn hanging device hangs in the fermentation system master cylinder.
2, fermentation in the fermentation system:
(1) in the master cylinder of biofermentation system, inject 41 ℃ of water, control bath raio 1: 10, regulating the pH value is 6.5, puts into postvaccinal Yarn hanging device, opens the main pump circulatory system.
(2) the interior fluid temperature of master cylinder is 41 ℃, and throughput is a 1.3L/min ton water, circulates to carry out the biofermentation processing in 15 hours.
After accomplishing fermentation, Yarn hanging device hangs in the disinfection system master cylinder.
3, in the disinfection system
(1) in the master cylinder of disinfection system, inject water, control bath raio 1: 10 is put into the Yarn hanging device after the fermentation, opens the main pump circulatory system.
(2) intensification makes the interior liquid of cylinder reach 100 ℃, the 1 hour carrying out washing treatment of sterilizing that circulates, normal temperature clear water washing then.
After the completion, Yarn hanging device hangs out has promptly accomplished biological degumming.
Ramie bast fiber sampling, the chemical composition that " quantitative analysis method of ramie chemical composition " tested respectively behind flax biological degumming with reference to GB/T5889-1986 is seen table 3.
The chemical composition of flax before and after table 3 biological degumming
| Test event | Residual gum content, % | Adipocere matter, % | The hydrotrope, % | Pectin, % | Hemicellulose, % | Lignin, % | Cellulose, % |
| Before coming unstuck | 24.75 | 2.72 | 0.71 | 5.59 | 14.67 | 4.57 | 71.74 |
| After coming unstuck | 9.57 | 1.57 | 0.23 | 0.22 | 8.31 | 2.59 | 87.08 |
Can be found out that by last table behind biological degumming, the pectin of flax, hemicellulose, content of lignin descend significantly, content of cellulose rises to 87.08%, can satisfy spinning requirement basically.Meanwhile, adipocere matter also has certain removal.Explain that the biological degumming effect is obvious.
Above-mentioned inoculation solution and fermentation liquid can use 1～4 time, are more or less the same through its biological degumming effect of test.
The foregoing description only is used to explain the present invention; Wherein the structure of each parts, the position is set and connected mode all can change to some extent; Every equivalents of on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, carrying out and improvement all should not got rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the biological degumming device of a bast fiber, it is characterized in that: it comprises inoculation system, biofermentation system and disinfection system;
Said inoculation system and biofermentation system include master cylinder, a hot water barrel and a main pump with cover, and the liquid outlet of said master cylinder connects the inlet of said main pump, and the inlet of said master cylinder connects the liquid outlet of said main pump through a compressed air pump; Be provided with the coil pipe of its inwall of coiling or bottom in the said master cylinder; The two ends of said coil pipe connect said hot water barrel's water inlet and delivery port respectively through pipeline; Wherein a said pipeline is provided with a suction pump, the interior bottom of said master cylinder be provided with one be covered with eyelet filter;
Said disinfection system comprises the sterilization master cylinder that a tubbiness is with cover; Be provided with a liquid outlet in the bottom of said sterilization master cylinder; Liquid outlet connects a main pump, and the delivery port of said main pump connects a heat-exchanger rig, and the delivery port of said heat-exchanger rig connects the inlet that said sterilization master cylinder bottom is provided with; The interior bottom of said sterilization master cylinder be provided with one be covered with eyelet filter, also be provided with a secondary cylinder in the outside of said sterilization master cylinder;
All be provided with Yarn hanging device in the master cylinder of said inoculation system, biofermentation system and disinfection system; Said Yarn hanging device comprises a hollow posts; Said hollow posts both sides correspondence is provided with the above hollow beam that is communicated with said hollow posts of one deck; Be arranged at intervals with some extension bars that are communicated with it on each said hollow beam, said extension bar is provided with some eyelets; The outer end of the said hollow beam of each of each side links into an integrated entity through same support column; The bottom of said support column and hollow posts be connected one be covered with mesh the creel chassis; The end of said hollow posts is provided with the pipeline connector; Said pipeline connector connects the inlet of said master cylinder, and the top of said hollow posts is provided with suspender.
2. the biological degumming device of a kind of ramie bast fiber as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: said Yarn hanging device is a plurality of for the series connection use; The hollow posts top of a said Yarn hanging device of the superiors is closed, and the hollow posts open top of the said Yarn hanging device of each of lower floor also is connected on the terminal pipeline connector of the said open tubular column of adjacent last layer.
3. the biological degumming device of a kind of ramie bast fiber as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: two said support columns are provided with each said extension bar are surrounded a urceolus wherein; Said urceolus is that symmetry is articulated in four Yarn hanging device baffle plates on the two said support columns in twos; Two Yarn hanging device baffle plates of both sides form two fan doors, are covered with apopore on the said urceolus, and the top of said urceolus is provided with a lid.
4. the biological degumming device of a kind of ramie bast fiber as claimed in claim 2; It is characterized in that: two said support columns are provided with each said extension bar are surrounded a urceolus wherein; Said urceolus is that symmetry is articulated in four Yarn hanging device baffle plates on the two said support columns in twos; Two Yarn hanging device baffle plates of both sides form two fan doors, are covered with apopore on the said urceolus, and the top of the said urceolus between adjacent said two Yarn hanging devices is provided with a lid.
5. like the biological degumming device of claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 described a kind of ramie bast fibers; It is characterized in that: the upper lateral part of said master cylinder be provided with one have valve inlet and have the water inlet of valve, the bottom of said master cylinder be provided with one have a valve the waste liquid mouth.
6. each said device application in the biological degumming of ramie bast fiber in the claim 1～5.
7. carry out the method for ramie bast fiber biological degumming with each said device in the claim 1～5, may further comprise the steps:
1) inoculation: bast fiber is packed in the Yarn hanging device, and place in the master cylinder of inoculation system, start main pump; The nutrient solution that will have the engineering bacteria of the ability of coming unstuck; Pump into the hollow posts of Yarn hanging device, behind the hollow beam that nutrient solution gets into hollow posts is communicated with, through the eyelet on the extension bar that is provided with on it; Be ejected on the extension bast fiber above that, the nutrient solution that flows out from the master cylinder bottom flows back to main pump; Water temperature in the whole process is at 33～38 ℃, and the time is 1～3 hour, and throughput is 0.1～1.4L/minm
3
2) biofermentation: water temperature is set in advance is 35～41 ℃ warm water in the master cylinder of biofermentation system; To be equipped with again in the master cylinder of bast fiber Yarn hanging device from step 1) after step 1) is handled and hang out; Put into the master cylinder of biofermentation system, start main pump, the water in the master cylinder pumps into the hollow posts of Yarn hanging device; Get into hollow beam that hollow posts is communicated with after; Eyelet through on the extension bar that is provided with on it is ejected on the extension bast fiber above that, and the current that flow out from the master cylinder bottom return main pump; Replenish the nutrient solution identical in the master cylinder interval with step 1); Whole process water temperature maintains 35～41 ℃, and the time is 4～25 hours, and throughput is 0.2～1.5L/minm
3
3) sterilization: in the master cylinder of disinfection system, add water, with step 2) the bast fiber Yarn hanging device after the processing places in the master cylinder of disinfection system; Start main pump; Water in the master cylinder pumps into the hollow posts of Yarn hanging device, get into hollow beam that hollow posts is communicated with after, through the eyelet on the extension bar of setting on it; Be ejected on the extension bast fiber above that, the current that flow out from the master cylinder bottom return main pump; Whole process water temperature is 80～140 ℃, and the time is 0.2～1.5 hour.
8. the biological degumming method of a kind of bast fiber as claimed in claim 7; It is characterized in that: in the process of said inoculation system and the operation of said fermentation system; Keep water temperature by be communicated with the coil pipe that is arranged in the master cylinder with the hot water barrel; Said hot water barrel is by setting within it or outer heater heating, and the throughput in the said master cylinder provides by being arranged on the outer compressed air pump of said master cylinder.
9. like the biological degumming method of claim 7 or 8 described a kind of bast fibers, it is characterized in that: in the process of said disinfection system operation, keep water temperature by said heat-exchanger rig, said heat-exchanger rig is by setting within it or outer heater heating.
10. the biological degumming method of a kind of bast fiber as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: said engineering bacteria with the ability of coming unstuck is selected from more than one bacterial strains in bacillus (Bacillus), pseudomonas (Pseudomonas) and the Micrococcus (Micrococcus).
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|---|---|---|---|
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