CN101851725B - Alloy for improving shapes of carbides in nickel-hardened indefinite chilled cast iron and manufacturing method - Google Patents
Alloy for improving shapes of carbides in nickel-hardened indefinite chilled cast iron and manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101851725B CN101851725B CN2010101637752A CN201010163775A CN101851725B CN 101851725 B CN101851725 B CN 101851725B CN 2010101637752 A CN2010101637752 A CN 2010101637752A CN 201010163775 A CN201010163775 A CN 201010163775A CN 101851725 B CN101851725 B CN 101851725B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an alloy for improving the shapes of carbides in nickel-hardened indefinite chilled cast iron. Vanadium of which the mass percent is 3-6% is added into the traditional nickel-hardened indefinite chilled cast iron component which is used as a basis, and smelting and casting processes are properly controlled to obtain cast iron using uniform spherical carbides as main components. In the invention, a VC+gamma eutectic region formed in the solidifying process of cast iron with high vanadium content is used for forming fine granular carbides, and VC is used for weakening the core effect of eutectic carbide nucleation or eliminating eutectic net carbides to obtain uniformly distributed tissues using granular carbides as main components. After the cast iron is smelted by an electric furnace and formed by casting, heat treatment at high temperature is not needed, and the production process is simple, thus the produced cast iron can obviously improve the wear resistance of the indefinite chilled cast iron.
Description
Technical field the present invention relates to a kind of Alloy And Preparation Method.
Background technology nickel-hardened indefinite cold hard cast-iron is because production cost is low, wear resistance good; Number of applications still in mine, the metallurgical machinery in modern times; Finishing stand and the used roll of plate plate mill like tandem rolling also mainly adopt it, do not have other material to substitute at present.But carbide mainly is netted iron (chromium) carbide that eutectic forms in the infinitely chilled ductile cast iron, and wear resistance still is apparent not enough.For improving the performance of nickel-hardened indefinite cold hard cast-iron, developed modified version infinitely chilled ductile cast iron roll both at home and abroad in succession.Foreign patent EP871784A, WO9639544A and WO9639544A1 disclose a kind of infinitely chilled ductile cast iron that contains niobium, it is characterized in that on the basis of 2.5-4.0%C, 0.7-1.2%Si, 0.7-1.0%Mn, 1.5-2.0%Cr, 4.2-4.6%Ni, 0.3-0.5%Mo cast iron, adding 0.3-6%Nb.Chinese patent CN1068149 discloses vanadium titanium infinitely chilled ductile cast iron, it is characterized in that not containing alloying elements such as Ni, Cr, Mo, Cu in the composition, and cost is low, but quench-hardened case is shallow, and wear resistance is good not as nickel hardening cast iron.The disclosed modified version nickel chromium triangle of patent CN1598030 molybdenum indefinite chill mainly reaches composite roll; It is characterized in that on the basis of 2.9-3.7%C, 0.6-1.0%Si, 0.4-1.2%Mn, 1.00-1.2.00%Cr, 3.01-5.00%Ni, 0.2-0.6%Mo; Add 0.03-0.1%B and 0.2-1.5%Nb; The wear resistance of roll is significantly improved, but boron has increased the fragility of matrix.Chinese patent CN10049447C discloses a kind of centrifugal composite modified indefinite chill roll and preparation method thereof, the composition that it is characterized in that skin of the roll cast iron be 3.2-3.8%C, 1.0-1.8%Si,＜0.8%Mn, 1.2-1.8%Cr, 3.8-4.5%Ni, 0.2-0.4%Mo, 0.2-0.5%Cu composition add 0.10-0.50%Nb, 0.05-0.20%V, 0.05-0.20Ti, 0.04-0.07%Mg, 0.02-0.05Y, 0.01-0.03Sb on the basis.This invention only is through niobium, vanadium, titanium thinning microstructure, does not improve carbide morphology and distribution, therefore can only reduce the size of carbide to a certain extent, and the wear resistance of cast iron is to a certain degree improved.
Summary of the invention the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of alloy that improves carbide morphology in the nickel-hardened indefinite cold hard cast-iron and method for making that can significantly improve wear resistance.Product of the present invention is a kind of cast iron alloy that contains high vanadium that an amount of vanadium forms that on the basis of nickel atherosclerotic cast iron composition, adds; It is the mode that adopts high vanadium alloying; The VC+ γ eutectic area that promptly utilizes high vanadium cast iron to form at process of setting; Form tiny granular carbide, and VC weakens to the central role of eutectic carbides forming core or eliminate the eutectic carbide network, obtaining equally distributed is main tissue with the granular carbide.
The high vanadium cast iron alloying constituent of the present invention is (a mass percent; %): 3.0-3.4%C, 0.7-1.0%Si, 0.6-1.0%Mn, 1.40-1.85%Cr, 4.2-4.6%Ni, 0.2-0.5%Mo, 3-6%V, 0.001～0.04%Zr, all the other are Fe and inevitable trace impurity.
The present invention is high, and the vanadium cast iron alloy can be used electric furnace production, and its manufacturing technology steps is following:
(1) raw materials such as the pig iron, steel scrap, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, molybdenum-iron, ferronickel is added in the electric furnace by cast iron basic ingredient proportioning.Heat fused, smelting temperature are 1500-1540 ℃, smelting time 20-30 minute.
(2) adjustment composition in stokehold is transferred in the above-mentioned composition range, qualified after, temperature is elevated to 1520 ± 20 ℃ of smelting temperatures, melting 15-20 minute, in the melting later stage, add reductor aluminium, after skimming vanadium iron is added in the stove melting 4-8 minute.
(3) in casting ladle, imbed raw materials quality than the mixing nucleating agent of forming for 0.15-0.23% ferrosilicon, 0.08-0.12% ferromanganese and 0.12-0.17% silicon-zirconium.The above-mentioned raw materials quality is the summation of the pig iron, steel scrap, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, molybdenum-iron, ferronickel and reductor, vanadium iron quality.When treating that molten iron is reduced to 1430-1460 ℃ in the smelting furnace, molten iron imported carry out inoculation in the casting ladle.
(4) teeming temperature is 1340-1380 ℃.
(5) the cooled foundry goods of cast reduces residual austenite content and stress 460-520 ℃ of twice annealing.
Key of the present invention is confirming of content of vanadium, finds through calphad, when in common nickel atherosclerotic cast iron, adding vanadium; With the increase of content of vanadium, a L → γ+VC phase region appears, with the increase of content of vanadium in phasor; This phase region enlarges; In process of setting, eutectic VC is spherical, and VC can also become eutectic M
3The core of C type carbide forming core, the refining eutectic carbide.But content of vanadium surpasses 5.5% when above, will occur preeutectic VC, and when content of vanadium was above above 6%, proeutectic VC particle began alligatoring, thereby possibly influence the wear resisting property of cast iron, thus control the high-content of V should be greater than 6%.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage: 1, cast iron organize tiny; Carbide is eliminated carbide network mainly with tiny granular uniform distribution, significantly improves the wear resistance of cast iron; Compare with common nickel atherosclerotic cast iron, wear resistance can improve more than 45%.2, this cast iron utilizes electrosmelting, behind the castable, does not need high-temperature heat treatment, and production technique is simple.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is carbide pattern (corrosion of the 4% nital) metallograph of the high vanadium cast iron alloy that makes of the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 2 is carbide pattern (corrosion of the 4% nital) metallograph of the high vanadium cast iron alloy that makes of the embodiment of the invention 2.
The practical implementation method
Embodiment 1:
The 3%V cast iron of present embodiment preparation is with the medium-frequency induction furnace preparation of 25kg capacity; Its step of preparation process is following: the medium-frequency induction furnace stove internal heating that the pig iron, steel scrap, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, molybdenum-iron, ferronickel is added the 25kg capacity; Smelting temperature is 1538 ℃, smelting time 30 minutes.The stokehold be adjusted to branch qualified after, temperature is elevated to 1509 ℃ of smelting temperatures, melting 20 minutes adds reductor aluminium, the back of skimming is 3% to add vanadium iron by final vanadiumcontent, continues melting after 8 minutes, stops heating.In casting ladle, imbed with raw materials quality than the nucleating agent that mixes that is 0.18% ferrosilicon, 0.11% ferromanganese and 0.15% silicon-zirconium.When molten iron temperature is reduced to 1435 ℃, molten iron in the stove is poured in the casting ladle.The cast of employing sand mold, teeming temperature is 1378 ℃, cast back slow cooling.Cast back test specimen carries out twice annealing at 480 ± 10 ℃, and each annealing time is 4 hours.Prepared cast iron composition is: 3.37%C, 0.93%Si, 0.86%Mn, 1.65%Cr, 4.47%Ni, 0.48%Mo, 3.10%V, 0.006%Zr,＜0.03%S,＜0.04%P, all the other are Fe.
Carbide pattern by above-mentioned technological process preparation contains the 3%V ironcasting is as shown in Figure 1.The dry Sliding Friction Wear of Cast Iron performance improves 46% than nickel atherosclerotic cast iron.
Embodiment 2:
The 5%V cast iron of present embodiment preparation is with the medium-frequency induction furnace preparation of 25kg capacity; Its step of preparation process is following: the medium-frequency induction furnace stove internal heating that the pig iron, steel scrap, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, molybdenum-iron, ferronickel is added the 25kg capacity; Smelting temperature is 1506 ℃, smelting time 20 minutes.The stokehold be adjusted to branch qualified after, temperature is elevated to 1537 ℃ of smelting temperatures, melting 15 minutes adds reductor aluminium, the back of skimming is 3% to add vanadium iron by final vanadiumcontent, continue melting 4 clocks after, stop heating.In casting ladle, imbed with raw materials quality than the nucleating agent that mixes that is 0.22% ferrosilicon, 0.09% ferromanganese and 0.13% silicon-zirconium.When molten iron temperature is reduced to 1452 ℃, molten iron in the stove is poured in the casting ladle.The cast of employing sand mold, teeming temperature is 1346 ℃, cast back slow cooling.Cast back test specimen carries out twice annealing at 510 ± 10 ℃, and each annealing time is 4 hours.Prepared cast iron composition is 3.12%C, 0.99%Si, 0.83%Mn, 1.56%Cr, 4.33%Ni, 0.31%Mo, 5.14%V, 0.007%Zr,＜0.03%S,＜0.05%P, all the other are Fe.
Carbide pattern by above-mentioned technological process preparation contains the 5%V ironcasting is as shown in Figure 2.The dry Sliding Friction Wear of Cast Iron performance improves 53% than nickel atherosclerotic cast iron.
Claims (1)
1. alloy method for making of improving carbide morphology in the nickel-hardened indefinite cold hard cast-iron; The mass percent of its each component of cast iron alloy is following: 3.0-3.4%C, 0.7-1.0%Si, 0.6-1.0%Mn, 1.40-1.85%Cr, 4.2-4.6%Ni, 0.2-0.5%Mo, 3-6%V, 0.001～0.04%Zr; All the other are Fe and inevitable trace impurity, it is characterized in that:
(a) pig iron, steel scrap, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, molybdenum-iron, ferronickel raw material are added in the electric furnace by cast iron basic ingredient proportioning, heat fused, smelting temperature is 1500-1540 ℃, smelting time 20-30 minute;
(b) adjustment composition in stokehold is transferred in the above-mentioned composition range, qualified after, temperature is elevated to 1520 ± 20 ℃ of smelting temperatures, melting 15-20 minute, in the melting later stage, add reductor aluminium, after skimming vanadium iron is added in the stove melting 4-8 minute;
(c) in casting ladle, imbedding with the middle pig iron of step (a), steel scrap, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, molybdenum-iron, ferronickel and the middle reductor of step (b), vanadium iron gross weight mass ratio is the nucleating agent that mixes of 0.15-0.23% ferrosilicon, 0.08-0.12% ferromanganese and 0.12-0.17% silicon-zirconium; When treating that molten iron is reduced to 1430-1460 ℃ in the smelting furnace, molten iron imported carry out inoculation in the casting ladle;
(d) teeming temperature is 1340-1380 ℃;
(e) the cooled foundry goods of cast is 460-520 ℃ of twice annealing.
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| CN104178684A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2014-12-03 | 河北丰维机械制造有限公司 | Smelting method of chromium-molybdenum-copper-nickel-tin-antimony low-alloy wear-resistant cast iron |
| CN104451370B (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2017-02-22 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Vanadium-containing hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101200788A (en) * | 2006-12-16 | 2008-06-18 | 山东滨州渤海活塞股份有限公司 | Austenitic cast iron alloy used for piston ring carrier |
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| JP3766202B2 (en) * | 1998-02-13 | 2006-04-12 | 株式会社クボタ | Graphite crystallized high-speed cast iron material with excellent resistance to rough skin |
| JP3751433B2 (en) * | 1998-02-13 | 2006-03-01 | 株式会社クボタ | High-speed cast iron material with excellent wear resistance at high temperatures |
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| CN101200788A (en) * | 2006-12-16 | 2008-06-18 | 山东滨州渤海活塞股份有限公司 | Austenitic cast iron alloy used for piston ring carrier |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| JP特开平11-229069A 1999.08.24 |
| 孙智刚等.石墨及碳化物对高镍铬无限冷硬铸铁轧辊耐磨性的影响.《材料热处理学报》.2007,第28卷95. * |
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