CN101851041B - Method and device for realizing zero release in desulfuration wastewater deepening treatment - Google Patents
Method and device for realizing zero release in desulfuration wastewater deepening treatment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for realizing zero release in desulfuration wastewater deepening treatment. The device comprises a waste liquid storage tank, a pre-heater, a degasser, a I-effect evaporator, a II-effect evaporator, a III-effect evaporator, a IV-effect evaporator, a centrifuge, a feeder, a vibrating fluidized bed dryer, an intermediate bunker and a packer which are connected in turn. The method comprises the following steps of: pre-heating and degassing the desulfuration wastewater; and conveying the desulfuration wastewater to the centrifuge to perform solid-liquid separation after four-level evaporation, and drying the solid. The invention has the advantages that the device is simple and the cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses the method and apparatus that a kind of release in desulfuration wastewater deepening treatment realizes zero release, be used for power plant and smeltery etc. is deepened processing through pretreated desulfurization wastewater, realize wastewater zero discharge, belong to release in desulfuration wastewater deepening treatment method and technology field.
Background technology
China is maximum in the world coal production and country of consumption, and the ratio of coal in energy structure in China be up to 76.2%, the SO of China's discharging
290% all comes from fire coal.SO
2The acid rain pollution that causes of discharging aspects such as China farm crop, forest and HUMAN HEALTH have been caused huge infringement.
Smoke-gas wet desulfurization (limestone/gypsum method) is the most a kind of flue gas desulfurization method in using at present.The desulfurization wastewater that produces in this process derives from the absorption tower discharge water.At present power plant mainly is to regulate pH value, removal suspended substance and heavy metal to the desulfurization wastewater pre-treatment, and pretreated desulfurization wastewater can recycle in flue gas desulphurization system, but increases the SO in the desulfurization wastewater along with cycle index
4 2-, Ca
2+, the corresponding rising of Cl-concentration, therefore, pretreatment system need discharge certain desulfurization wastewater and guarantee that desulfurization wastewater intermediate ion concentration is below state of saturation.SO in the desulfurization wastewater that discharges after the pre-treatment
4 2-, Ca
2+, Cl
-Isoionic content is higher, enters the salinization that the nature water surrounding can cause water body and soil.So desulfurization wastewater is mainly used in dry ash damping and coal yard water spray after the pre-treatment at present; It influences one is to be used for the dry ash damping to make flyash lose the value of producing building materials; Can only be used to repair the roads or abandon stacking, the 2nd, be used for coal yard water spray after, burning rear section cl ions is got back in the slurries again; Cause desulphurization system to discharge more desulfurization wastewater, cause the secondary pollution source.
At present, the processing of method deepen to(for) pretreated desulfurization wastewater mainly contains two kinds:
First kind: the reverse osmosis concentration method.This method comprises turbidity, structural material, COD etc. because film to the particular requirement of influent quality, needs pre-treatment is carried out in water inlet, system complex, and recycle-water water quality inferiority, and waste water can not reclaim fully, need have the place to receive.The equipment layout floor space is big.
Second kind: towards film machinery recompression method of enrichment; At present, use the producer of this type of treatment process to adopt two to imitate evaporation in the world, promptly first effect is imitated for concentrating; Second effect is that crystallization and evaporation is imitated; Thermal source all adopts the secondary steam with electrically driven (operated) this effect of mechanical vapour compressor compresses, improves the quality recycling evaporation of secondary steam, can realize zero release basically.But this complete equipment price is extremely expensive, and equipment investment cost is big.The vapour compression machine technology that uses in this system is not mature enough at home, and at present domestic does not still have a use domestic machinery vapour compressor, carries out the instance of this treatment process.
Summary of the invention
The method and apparatus that the purpose of this invention is to provide the release in desulfuration wastewater deepening treatment realization zero release that a kind of equipment is simple, cost is low.
In order to achieve the above object; Technical scheme of the present invention provides the device that a kind of release in desulfuration wastewater deepening treatment realizes zero release; It is characterized in that, comprise the waste liquid storage tank, preheater, degasser, I single-effect evaporator, II single-effect evaporator, III single-effect evaporator, IV single-effect evaporator, whizzer, feeding machine, Vibratingfluidbeddrier, intermediate bunker and the wrapping machine that connect successively; Begin from the I single-effect evaporator, the vapour outlet of preceding 1st effective evaporator connects the steam-in of back 1st effective evaporator, and the vapour outlet of IV single-effect evaporator connects the inlet of surface condenser; The non-condensable gas outlet of surface condenser connects separator via water-ring vacuum pump, and the pneumatic outlet of separator is communicated with atmosphere, and the condensation-water drain of surface condenser is connected the condensation water pot with the liquid exit of separator; Begin from the I single-effect evaporator; The condensation-water drain of preceding 1st effective evaporator connects the condensing water inlet of back 1st effective evaporator, and the condensation-water drain of IV single-effect evaporator connects the condensation water pot, and the condensation water pot connects the waste liquid storage tank; Vibratingfluidbeddrier connects well heater; Well heater connects fan, and the waste gas outlet of Vibratingfluidbeddrier connects cyclonic separator, sack cleaner and induced draft fan successively, and the outlet of induced draft fan is communicated with atmosphere.
Described I single-effect evaporator, II single-effect evaporator and III single-effect evaporator are tube-type down-flow evaporator.
Described IV single-effect evaporator is a pump feed evaporator.
The present invention also provides the release in desulfuration wastewater deepening treatment that adopts said apparatus to realize the method for zero release, it is characterized in that concrete steps are:
The first step: the pH value of desulfurization wastewater is adjusted to 6.5-7.5; The desulfurization wastewater input waste liquid storage tank that will contain calcium sulfate that total concn is 2-4wt% and calcium chloride; In the waste liquid storage tank, add calcium sulfate crystal seed and calcium chloride crystal seed; The amount of the every kind of crystal seed that adds is 0.1% of a desulfurization wastewater gross weight, is heated to 80-120 ℃ through preheater, gets into degasser and outgases;
Second step: the desulfurization wastewater after will outgasing gets into I single-effect evaporator, II single-effect evaporator, III single-effect evaporator and IV single-effect evaporator successively and carries out stepped evaporation; Vaporization efficiency is 3.5kg water/kg steam, and the total concn that obtains calcium sulfate and calcium chloride behind the stepped evaporation is the liquid concentrator of 60-70wt%; The I single-effect evaporator adopts the live steam of 0.1-0.3MPa as thermal source; The secondary steam that 1st effective evaporator produced before II single-effect evaporator, III single-effect evaporator and IV single-effect evaporator adopted is as thermal source; The secondary steam that the IV single-effect evaporator produces is sent to surface condenser and carries out condensation; Non-condensable gas is extracted out by water-ring vacuum pump, after separator separates, and the waste vapour emptying; Begin from the I single-effect evaporator; The water of condensation that preceding 1st effective evaporator produces flows automatically in the 1st effective evaporator of back by pressure reduction and carries out flash distillation; The water of condensation that the IV single-effect evaporator produces is discharged and is got into the condensation water pot; After the liquid mixing that goes out with water of condensation in the surface condenser and separator separates, join the waste liquid storage tank and use as pretreated make up water;
The 3rd step, the liquid concentrator that from the IV single-effect evaporator, comes out are sent into whizzer and are carried out solid-liquid separation; Liquid is turned back to the IV single-effect evaporator carry out circulating and evaporating; Solid is sent to Vibratingfluidbeddrier through feeding machine carries out drying; The air that the heater via that Vibratingfluidbeddrier adopts fan to send into heats is as thermal source, and water ratio is 4wt% behind the dry materials, and dried material is packed with wrapping machine via the temporary back of intermediate bunker; After the tail gas of Vibratingfluidbeddrier passes through cyclonic separator and sack cleaner successively, discharge by induced draft fan.
Advantage of the present invention is: the I-III single-effect evaporator has adopted tube-type down-flow evaporator among (1) the present invention, and in tube-type down-flow evaporator, waste water is very thin at the liquid film that hot face forms, and less than 1mm, this vaporizer has following advantage: heat transfer coefficient is high; Gasifying surface is long-pending big, is not easy during evaporation to carry secretly, and the secondary steam quality is high; Occur in the surface of liquid film, so also be applicable to the occasion of small amount of crystalline; The temperature difference loss that does not have static pressure to cause.(2) equipment that adopts among the present invention all is the production domesticization equipment of mature and reliable.(3) adopt the antiscale measure that adds " crystal seed ".Waste water guaranteed to exist in the waste water a large amount of " crystal seed " close with crystal, for example calcium sulfate before evaporation.Waste water is sent into vaporizer then, and waste water is in evaporative process, and calcium sulfate is wherein separated out, owing to there be a large amount of " crystal seed ", the calcium sulfate of separating out will be in " crystal seed " surface production, thereby avoids producing fouling at hot face, guarantees the long-term normal operation of vaporizer.(4) the IV single-effect evaporator is selected pump feed evaporator for use among the present invention, and in the IV single-effect evaporator, waste strength improves very big, and inorganic salt such as calcium chloride, calcium sulfate begin to separate out in a large number.For pump feed evaporator, because heating tube keeps certain statical head, evaporation does not appear in waste water in heating tube like this, thereby avoids crystal in heating tube, to separate out during work.In addition, when design pump circulation pumping capacity, considered to have certain flow velocity in the waste water heating tube, generally about 2.2m/s, when these have a large amount of crystalline waste water and in heating tube, flow like this, played the scale removal effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a release in desulfuration wastewater deepening treatment four-effect evaporator system synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is a release in desulfuration wastewater deepening treatment salt dehumidification system synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described further.
Embodiment
A kind of release in desulfuration wastewater deepening treatment realizes the device of zero release, is made up of four-effect evaporator system and salt dehumidification system.As shown in Figure 1, be release in desulfuration wastewater deepening treatment four-effect evaporator system synoptic diagram.Described four-effect evaporator system is made up of waste liquid storage tank 1, first preheater 2, second preheater 3, the 3rd preheater 4, the 4th preheater 5, degasser 6, I single-effect evaporator 7, II single-effect evaporator 8, III single-effect evaporator 9, IV single-effect evaporator 10, surface condenser 12, water-ring vacuum pump 13, separator 14 and condensation water pot 15.As shown in Figure 2, be release in desulfuration wastewater deepening treatment salt dehumidification system synoptic diagram.Described salt dehumidification system is made up of whizzer 16, feeding machine 17, Vibratingfluidbeddrier 18, intermediate bunker 19, wrapping machine 20, cyclonic separator 21, sack cleaner 22, induced draft fan 23, well heater 24 and fan 25.Waste liquid storage tank 1, preheater, degasser 6, I single-effect evaporator 7, II single-effect evaporator 8, III single-effect evaporator 9, IV single-effect evaporator 10, whizzer 16, feeding machine 17, Vibratingfluidbeddrier 18, intermediate bunker 19 and wrapping machine 20 are connected successively; From 7 beginnings of I single-effect evaporator; The vapour outlet of preceding 1st effective evaporator connects the steam-in of back 1st effective evaporator, and the vapour outlet of IV single-effect evaporator 10 connects the inlet of surface condenser 12, and the non-condensable gas outlet of surface condenser 12 is via water-ring vacuum pump 13 connection separators 14; The pneumatic outlet of separator 14 is communicated with atmosphere; The liquid exit of the condensation-water drain of surface condenser 12 and separator 14 is connected condensation water pot 15, and from 7 beginnings of I single-effect evaporator, the condensation-water drain of preceding 1st effective evaporator connects the condensing water inlet of back 1st effective evaporator; The condensation-water drain of IV single-effect evaporator 10 connects condensation water pot 15; Condensation water pot 15 connects waste liquid storage tank 1, and Vibratingfluidbeddrier 18 connects well heater 24, and well heater 24 connects fan 25; The waste gas outlet of Vibratingfluidbeddrier 18 connects cyclonic separator 21, sack cleaner 22 and induced draft fan 23 successively, and the outlet of induced draft fan 23 is communicated with atmosphere.Described I single-effect evaporator 7, II single-effect evaporator 8 and III single-effect evaporator 9 are tube-type down-flow evaporator.Described IV single-effect evaporator 10 is a pump feed evaporator.
The release in desulfuration wastewater deepening treatment method of said apparatus is following:
The first step: the pH value of desulfurization wastewater is adjusted to 6.5-7.5; The desulfurization wastewater input waste liquid storage tank 1 that will contain calcium sulfate that total concn is 3wt% and calcium chloride; In waste liquid storage tank 1, add calcium sulfate and calcium chloride crystal seed; The amount of the every kind of crystal seed that adds is 0.1% of a desulfurization wastewater gross weight, is heated to 100 ℃ through preheater, gets into degasser 6 and outgases;
Second step: the desulfurization wastewater after will outgasing gets into I single-effect evaporator 7, II single-effect evaporator 8, III single-effect evaporator 9 and IV single-effect evaporator 10 successively and carries out stepped evaporation; Vaporization efficiency is 3.5kg water/kg steam, and the total concn that obtains calcium sulfate and calcium chloride behind the stepped evaporation is the liquid concentrator of 65wt%; The live steam that I single-effect evaporator 7 adopts 0.2MPa is as thermal source; The secondary steam that 1st effective evaporator produced before II single-effect evaporator 8, III single-effect evaporator 9 and IV single-effect evaporator 10 adopted is as thermal source; The secondary steam that IV single-effect evaporator 10 produces is sent to surface condenser 12 and carries out condensation; Non-condensable gas is extracted out by water-ring vacuum pump 13, after separator 14 separates, and the waste vapour emptying; From 7 beginnings of I single-effect evaporator; The water of condensation that preceding 1st effective evaporator produces flows automatically in the 1st effective evaporator of back by pressure reduction and carries out flash distillation; The water of condensation that IV single-effect evaporator 10 produces is discharged and is got into condensation water pot 15; Behind water of condensation and separator 14 isolated liquid mixing in the surface condenser 12, join waste liquid storage tank 1 and use as pretreated make up water;
The 3rd step, the liquid concentrator that from IV single-effect evaporator 10, comes out are sent into whizzer 16 and are carried out solid-liquid separation; Inorganic salt crystal water cut such as the calcium sulfate of separating through whizzer 16, calcium chloride are approximately 18%; Liquid is turned back to IV single-effect evaporator 10 carry out circulating and evaporating; Solid is sent to Vibratingfluidbeddrier 18 through feeding machine 17 carries out drying; The air that the heater via 24 that Vibratingfluidbeddrier 18 adopts fan 25 to send into heats is as thermal source, and water ratio is 4wt% behind the dry materials, and dried material is packed with wrapping machine 20 via intermediate bunker 19 temporary backs; After the tail gas of Vibratingfluidbeddrier 18 passes through cyclonic separator 21 and sack cleaner 22 successively, discharge by induced draft fan 23.
Release in desulfuration wastewater deepening treatment technology in the past is all from external introduction, and expense is higher.Adopt this operational path, can reduce cost of investment greatly, all devices is domestic mature technology equipment.
Attach: 60MW power station release in desulfuration wastewater deepening treatment design data
| Advance effect amount (kg/h) | 26316 | The heating steam temperature (℃) | 120 |
| Feeding temperature (℃) | 30 | Heating steam flow kg/h | 7674 |
| Advance to imitate concentration %DS | 3 | The general stripping temperature of end effect (℃) | 52 |
| Go out liquid temp (℃) | 82 | Total evaporation water yield kg/h | 25000 |
| Total solid amount Kg/h | 789.48 | Vaporization efficiency kg water/kg vapour | 3.26 |
| Fluid concentration %DS | 60-70 | Actual evaporated water kg/h | 25000 |
Claims (4)
1. a release in desulfuration wastewater deepening treatment realizes the device of zero release; It is characterized in that, comprise the waste liquid storage tank (1), preheater, degasser (6), I single-effect evaporator (7), II single-effect evaporator (8), III single-effect evaporator (9), IV single-effect evaporator (10), whizzer (16), feeding machine (17), Vibratingfluidbeddrier (18), intermediate bunker (19) and the wrapping machine (20) that connect successively; Begin from I single-effect evaporator (7); The vapour outlet of preceding 1st effective evaporator connects the steam-in of back 1st effective evaporator, and the vapour outlet of IV single-effect evaporator (10) connects the inlet of surface condenser (12), and the non-condensable gas outlet of surface condenser (12) is via water-ring vacuum pump (13) connection separator (14); The pneumatic outlet of separator (14) is communicated with atmosphere; The liquid exit of the condensation-water drain of surface condenser (12) and separator (14) is connected condensation water pot (15), and from I single-effect evaporator (7) beginning, the condensation-water drain of preceding 1st effective evaporator connects the condensing water inlet of back 1st effective evaporator; The condensation-water drain of IV single-effect evaporator (10) connects condensation water pot (15); Condensation water pot (15) connects waste liquid storage tank (1), and Vibratingfluidbeddrier (18) connects well heater (24), and well heater (24) connects fan (25); The waste gas outlet of Vibratingfluidbeddrier (18) connects cyclonic separator (21), sack cleaner (22) and induced draft fan (23) successively, and the outlet of induced draft fan (23) is communicated with atmosphere.
2. release in desulfuration wastewater deepening treatment as claimed in claim 1 realizes the device of zero release, it is characterized in that described I single-effect evaporator (7), II single-effect evaporator (8) and III single-effect evaporator (9) are tube-type down-flow evaporator.
3. release in desulfuration wastewater deepening treatment as claimed in claim 1 realizes the device of zero release, it is characterized in that described IV single-effect evaporator (10) is a pump feed evaporator.
4. a release in desulfuration wastewater deepening treatment that adopts the said device of claim 1 realizes the method for zero release, it is characterized in that concrete steps are:
The first step: the pH value of desulfurization wastewater is adjusted to 6.5-7.5; With total concn is the calcium sulfate of 2-4wt% and the desulfurization wastewater input waste liquid storage tank (1) of calcium chloride; In waste liquid storage tank (1), add calcium sulfate crystal seed and calcium chloride crystal seed; The amount of the every kind of crystal seed that adds is 0.1% of a desulfurization wastewater gross weight, is heated to 80-120 ℃ through preheater, gets into degasser (6) and outgases;
Second step: the desulfurization wastewater after will outgasing gets into I single-effect evaporator (7), II single-effect evaporator (8), III single-effect evaporator (9) and IV single-effect evaporator (10) successively and carries out stepped evaporation; Vaporization efficiency is 3.5kg water/kg steam, and the total concn that obtains calcium sulfate and calcium chloride behind the stepped evaporation is the liquid concentrator of 60-70wt%; I single-effect evaporator (7) adopts the live steam of 0.1-0.3MPa as thermal source; The secondary steam that 1st effective evaporator produced before II single-effect evaporator (8), III single-effect evaporator (9) and IV single-effect evaporator (10) adopted is as thermal source; The secondary steam that IV single-effect evaporator (10) produces is sent to surface condenser (12) and carries out condensation; Non-condensable gas is extracted out by water-ring vacuum pump (13), after separator (14) separates, and the waste vapour emptying; Begin from I single-effect evaporator (7); The water of condensation that preceding 1st effective evaporator produces flows automatically in the 1st effective evaporator of back by pressure reduction and carries out flash distillation; The water of condensation that IV single-effect evaporator (10) produces is discharged and is got into condensation water pot (15); Behind water of condensation and the isolated liquid mixing of separator (14) in the surface condenser (12), join waste liquid storage tank (1) and use as pretreated make up water;
The 3rd step: the liquid concentrator that from IV single-effect evaporator (10), comes out is sent into whizzer (16) and is carried out solid-liquid separation; Liquid is turned back to IV single-effect evaporator (10) carry out circulating and evaporating; Solid is sent to Vibratingfluidbeddrier (18) through feeding machine (17) carries out drying; The air that the heater via (24) that Vibratingfluidbeddrier (18) adopts fan (25) to send into heats is as thermal source; Water ratio is 4wt% behind the dry materials, and dried material is packed with wrapping machine (20) via the temporary back of intermediate bunker (19); After the tail gas of Vibratingfluidbeddrier (18) passes through cyclonic separator (21) and sack cleaner (22) successively, discharge by induced draft fan (23).
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| CN102040345A (en) * | 2010-11-17 | 2011-05-04 | 宋洪义 | Device for converting gypsum powder in waste water |
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| CN106698562A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-05-24 | 广州市心德实业有限公司 | MVR evaporation crystallization drying integrated apparatus and evaporation crystallization drying method |
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