CN101850355A - Rice husk reprocessing technology - Google Patents
Rice husk reprocessing technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN101850355A CN101850355A CN201010175602A CN201010175602A CN101850355A CN 101850355 A CN101850355 A CN 101850355A CN 201010175602 A CN201010175602 A CN 201010175602A CN 201010175602 A CN201010175602 A CN 201010175602A CN 101850355 A CN101850355 A CN 101850355A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of the separation and extraction of active ingredients of natural products, in particular to a rice husk reprocessing technology, which is characterized in that the technology comprises the following steps: A) primary screening; B) secondary screening; C) gravity separation; D) nutrition food and food additive manufacturing; E) rolling crush; F) third-level screening; G) calcining carbonization; and H) feed manufacturing. The invention adopts a physical method for separation, then deeply processes the separated objects, thereby increasing the resource utilization ratio of agricultural products, greatly reducing the environmental pollution and increasing the added value of the agricultural products, and can be widely used in the fields of feed processing, health food, building material and chemical industry.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to the separation and extraction technology field of active ingredient of natural product, specifically a kind of technology of rice husk reprocessing.
[background technology]
China is a large agricultural country, also is a populous nation, also is the output of producing grain big country and consumption big country, particularly paddy rice certainly, is the grain of the whole nation 2/3rds populations.Nearly 100,019,300 tons of China's rice yield in 2008, global output is 600,062,720 tons, and will there be 100,088,810 tons of accessory substances in the whole world every year in process, will there be 57,900,000 tons of accessory substances in China.These byproducts have caused serious pollution to environment, such as having occupied a lot of storages soil, the good place that keeping has been not good at just becoming insect pest, mouse sparrow to multiply, the good place of mosquito, fly, the procreation of germ virus especially; Atmosphere pollution not only in decay process, being flowed into the river course after the rainwater etch has polluted the water source again.If these byproducts can be carried out comprehensive development and utilization, not only reduced pollution to environment, main is the added value that can greatly improve the arduous plantation of working people grain, has considerable social benefit and economic benefit.
[summary of the invention]
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, select for use the byproduct of paddy to carry out comprehensive development and utilization, and propose from paddy, to extract the separation and extraction technology that effective ingredient prepares high value added product, efficiently solve the wasting of resources, with serious pollution problem.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of technology of rice husk reprocessing, it is characterized in that this process using following steps:
A) one-level screening: adopt one-level multilayer vibratory sieve that the paddy byproduct is screened, oversize, screenings and precipitum after the screening are collected respectively, standby;
B) secondary screening: the oversize after adopting secondary multilayer vibratory sieve to above-mentioned one-level screening screens, and oversize, screenings and precipitum after the screening are collected respectively, and is standby;
C) Gravity Separation: the oversize after adopting the Gravity Separation machine to above-mentioned secondary screening carries out Gravity Separation, and oversize, screenings and precipitum after separating are collected respectively, and is standby;
D) make nutraceutical and food additives: with above-mentioned three collection step to screenings make nutraceutical and food additives;
E) roll and smash: adopt sand roller roller to roll the oversize after the above-mentioned Gravity Separation, and adopt the high speed rotary-drum beating crusher to smash;
F) three level screen: adopt three grades of multilayer vibratory sieves that the above-mentioned oversize that rolls after smashing is screened, oversize, screenings and precipitum after the screening are collected respectively, standby;
G) calcining carbonization: the oversize behind the above-mentioned three level screen is calcined carbonization, can obtain carbide, coal tar and heat energy, carbide can be made into construction material and adsorbent, can obtain furfural and mixture behind the coal tar fractional distillation;
H) make feed: the screenings of collecting behind precipitum that above steps is collected and the three level screen is all put into the acidic hydrolysis pond and is carried out acidic hydrolysis, reduce to 2.5 through pH value behind 36 hours acidic hydrolysises, add alkali again and carry out neutralization reaction, neutralization back pH value is 7.5-8, screen at last and dry the processing, pack after the drying and make feed.
Described one-level multilayer vibratory sieve is four layers, and power 2000W, 360 times/min of vibration frequency, ground floor are radius 4mm round-hole mesh, and the second layer is 3 * 6mm rectangular mesh screen, and the 3rd layer is 3mm equilateral triangle sieve, and the 4th layer is radius 1mm round-hole mesh.
Described secondary multilayer vibratory sieve and three grades of multilayer vibratory sieves are four layers, power 2000W, 360 times/min of vibration frequency, ground floor is 3 * 6mm rectangular mesh screen, the second layer is 3 * 5mm square hole screen, and the 3rd layer is 2.2mm equilateral triangle sieve, and the 4th layer is radius 1.2mm round-hole mesh.
The power that described Gravity Separation machine adopts is 1000W.
The power that described sand roller roller and high speed rotary-drum beating crusher adopt is respectively 1000W and 2000W.
The floating thing of described precipitum after for screening adopts dust catcher to suck to collect behind the flannelette bag and forms.
Direct current, eddy flow or the pneumatic separation of eddy current are adopted in described screening at different levels, and wind speed, air quantity, blast all can be controlled; Adopt swinging, reciprocating type, roller or eddy current type screening mode; Adopt the magneto rotary strainer to remove magnetisable material with the roller screening mode.
The present invention adopts physical method for separation, again separator is carried out deep processing, not only improved the resource utilization of agricultural product, significantly reduced environmental pollution, also increase additional value of farm products, can be widely used in feed processing, health food, building materials industry and chemical industry field.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is a process chart of the present invention.
[specific embodiment]
Now in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is described further.
Obtaining product after the paddy byproduct employing physical method for separation has: crack rice, account for about 3% of mixture, account for rice 2～5%; Rice bran comprises kind of a skin, perisperm, aleurone etc., accounts for 6% of rice; Rice husk comprises the stigma of being rich in dietary fiber, awns point etc., accounts for former rice 19%; Gu Blighted, fringe point, Pi, chaff powder, gelatinize starch, the flour that comes off account for 2%.
Referring to Fig. 1, processing step of the present invention is as follows:
A) one-level screening: adopt one-level multilayer vibratory sieve that the paddy byproduct is screened, oversize, screenings and precipitum after the screening are collected respectively, standby;
B) secondary screening: the oversize after adopting secondary multilayer vibratory sieve to above-mentioned one-level screening screens, and oversize, screenings and precipitum after the screening are collected respectively, and is standby;
C) Gravity Separation: the oversize after adopting the Gravity Separation machine to above-mentioned secondary screening carries out Gravity Separation, and oversize, screenings and precipitum after separating are collected respectively, and is standby;
D) make nutraceutical and food additives: with above-mentioned three collection step to screenings make nutraceutical and food additives;
E) roll and smash: adopt sand roller roller to roll the oversize after the above-mentioned Gravity Separation, and adopt the high speed rotary-drum beating crusher to smash;
F) three level screen: adopt three grades of multilayer vibratory sieves that the above-mentioned oversize that rolls after smashing is screened, oversize, screenings and precipitum after the screening are collected respectively, standby;
G) calcining carbonization: the oversize behind the above-mentioned three level screen is calcined carbonization, can obtain carbide, coal tar and heat energy, carbide can be made into construction material and adsorbent, can obtain furfural and mixture behind the coal tar fractional distillation;
H) make feed: the screenings of collecting behind precipitum that above steps is collected and the three level screen is all put into the acidic hydrolysis pond and is carried out acidic hydrolysis, reduce to 2.5 through pH value behind 36 hours acidic hydrolysises, add alkali again and carry out neutralization reaction, neutralization back pH value is 7.5-8, screen at last and dry the processing, pack after the drying and make feed.
One-level multilayer vibratory sieve in the technology of the present invention is four layers, and power 2000W, 360 times/min of vibration frequency, ground floor are radius 4mm round-hole mesh, and the second layer is 3 * 6mm rectangular mesh screen, and the 3rd layer is 3mm equilateral triangle sieve, and the 4th layer is radius 1mm round-hole mesh; In one-level when screening,, first, second and third layer oversize accounts for 96%, the three layer of screenings and accounts for 3%, the four layer of oversize and account for 2.5%, and screenings accounts for 0.35%, and precipitum accounts for 0.4%.
Secondary multilayer vibratory sieve in the technology of the present invention and three grades of multilayer vibratory sieves are four layers, power 2000W, 360 times/min of vibration frequency, ground floor is 3 * 6mm rectangular mesh screen, the second layer is 3 * 5mm square hole screen, and the 3rd layer is 2.2mm equilateral triangle sieve, and the 4th layer is radius 1.2mm round-hole mesh; In secondary when screening,, first, second and third layer oversize accounts for 95%, the three layer of screenings and accounts for 1.5%, the four layer of oversize and account for 94%, and screenings accounts for 1.2%, and precipitum accounts for 0.2%; During three level screen, first, second and third layer oversize accounts for 93%, the three layer of screenings and accounts for 0.5%, the four layer of oversize and account for 92%, and screenings accounts for 0.3%, and precipitum accounts for 0.2%.
The floating thing of precipitum in the technology of the present invention after for screening adopts dust catcher to suck to collect behind the flannelette bag and forms.
The power that Gravity Separation machine in the technology of the present invention adopts is 1000W; The power that described sand roller roller and high speed rotary-drum beating crusher adopt is respectively 1000W and 2000W.
In the acidic hydrolysis pond, the acid HP value of screenings is dropped to 5.5 from 7 reduce to 2.5 again, whole process took time 36 hours, add alkali then and carry out neutralization reaction,, add after the screening as microorganism and enzyme with the HP value 7.5-8 that neutralizes, dry then the processing, packing is made feed; This acidic hydrolysis pond comprises solution such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, oxalic acid and acetate, and the alkali that is added comprises solution such as sodium carbonate, sodium acid carbonate, ammonium hydroxide and carbonic hydroammonium.According to the hydrolysis situation, the extent of reaction adds different acid or alkali respectively in hydrolytic tank.
Because the magnetic difference of the size of paddy byproduct proportion, particle, coating of particles, impurity, so adopt different screening modes: utilize the proportion difference and the pneumatic separation of employing direct current, eddy flow or eddy current, wind speed, air quantity, blast can be regulated according to the actual conditions needs; Use different big pinhole types to screen according to size, the shape of particle,, and adopt different screening modes, as swinging, reciprocating type, roller or eddy current type as strip, circle, square, triangle etc.; Containing magnetisable material in the product then adopts the magneto rotary strainer to remove it with the roller screening mode.
Through the calcining carbonization, its product is coal tar 10%, carbide 28% and heat energy, and the heat energy that is produced can be used for generating, if be raw material with 100,000 tons of rice husk byproducts, and generated energy 8,000 ten thousand kilowatt hours/a.In the product after the calcining carbonization, the refinement of coal tar needs fractionation, and first water and ripple are disintegrated, and use the hydrolysis of alkali formula warm water then, fractionation then, and the product after the fractionation is as follows:
Below 160 ℃, primary product is C
8Following compound is especially with C
5Compound is in the majority.
160 ℃～170 ℃, primary product is:
170 ℃～230 ℃, primary product is:
230 ℃～270 ℃, primary product is:
270 ℃～360 ℃, primary product is:
Primary product is a pitch more than 360 ℃.
Here product is maximum, and that economic worth is the highest is C
8Following compound, wherein particularly α-furfural economic worth is the highest with the pentose class especially, and its fusing point is 162 ℃, produce and also be easy to separate, and do not have α-hydrogen in the molecule, relatively stable, it is the important source material of organic syntheses such as pharmacy industry, agricultural chemicals industry, chemical industry, phenolic resins.
Because the main component of rice husk is cellulose and lignin, and the essential element of composition cellulose and lignin is C, O, Si, so the carbide after the calcining carbonization can be used for the chemical industry conduct: raw materials such as carbon black, adsorbent, active carbon, packing material, coating; Can be used for the building materials industry conduct: raw material such as concrete, cement material, insulation, waterproof, fire prevention, heat insulation, lightweight plank.
After whole technology is finished, in the rice husk mixture, have 5% to be effective food and food additives, have 28% to be poultry and livestock feed.Whole technology is a kind of project of sustainable development, not only can improve the resource utilization of agricultural product, significantly reduced pollution especially, also increased additional value of farm products, can be widely used in a plurality of fields such as feed processing, health food, building materials industry and chemical industry environment.
Claims (7)
1. the technology of rice husk reprocessing is characterized in that this process using following steps:
A) one-level screening: adopt one-level multilayer vibratory sieve that the paddy byproduct is screened, oversize, screenings and precipitum after the screening are collected respectively, standby;
B) secondary screening: the oversize after adopting secondary multilayer vibratory sieve to above-mentioned one-level screening screens, and oversize, screenings and precipitum after the screening are collected respectively, and is standby;
C) Gravity Separation: the oversize after adopting the Gravity Separation machine to above-mentioned secondary screening carries out Gravity Separation, and oversize, screenings and precipitum after separating are collected respectively, and is standby;
D) make nutraceutical and food additives: with above-mentioned three collection step to screenings make nutraceutical and food additives;
E) roll and smash: adopt sand roller roller to roll the oversize after the above-mentioned Gravity Separation, and adopt the high speed rotary-drum beating crusher to smash;
F) three level screen: adopt three grades of multilayer vibratory sieves that the above-mentioned oversize that rolls after smashing is screened, oversize, screenings and precipitum after the screening are collected respectively, standby;
G) calcining carbonization: the oversize behind the above-mentioned three level screen is calcined carbonization, can obtain carbide, coal tar and heat energy, carbide can be made into construction material and adsorbent, can obtain furfural and mixture behind the coal tar fractional distillation;
H) make feed: the screenings of collecting behind precipitum that above steps is collected and the three level screen is all put into the acidic hydrolysis pond and is carried out acidic hydrolysis, reduce to 2.5 through pH value behind 36 hours acidic hydrolysises, add alkali again and carry out neutralization reaction, neutralization back pH value is 7.5-8, screen at last and dry the processing, pack after the drying and make feed.
2. the technology of a kind of rice husk reprocessing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described one-level multilayer vibratory sieve is four layers, power 2000W, 360 times/min of vibration frequency, ground floor is a radius 4mm round-hole mesh, the second layer is 3 * 6mm rectangular mesh screen, and the 3rd layer is 3mm equilateral triangle sieve, and the 4th layer is radius 1mm round-hole mesh.
3. the technology of a kind of rice husk reprocessing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described secondary multilayer vibratory sieve and three grades of multilayer vibratory sieves are four layers, power 2000W, 360 times/min of vibration frequency, ground floor is 3 * 6mm rectangular mesh screen, the second layer is 3 * 5mm square hole screen, and the 3rd layer is 2.2mm equilateral triangle sieve, and the 4th layer is radius 1.2mm round-hole mesh.
4. the technology of a kind of rice husk reprocessing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the power that described Gravity Separation machine adopts is 1000W.
5. the technology of a kind of rice husk reprocessing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the power that described sand roller roller and high speed rotary-drum beating crusher adopt is respectively 1000W and 2000W.
6. the technology of a kind of rice husk reprocessing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the floating thing of described precipitum after for screening adopts dust catcher to suck to collect behind the flannelette bag and forms.
7. the technology of a kind of rice husk reprocessing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: direct current, eddy flow or the pneumatic separation of eddy current are adopted in described screenings at different levels, and wind speed, air quantity, blast all can be controlled; Adopt swinging, reciprocating type, roller or eddy current type screening mode; Adopt the magneto rotary strainer to remove magnetisable material with the roller screening mode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010175602 CN101850355B (en) | 2010-05-13 | 2010-05-13 | Rice husk reprocessing technology |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010175602 CN101850355B (en) | 2010-05-13 | 2010-05-13 | Rice husk reprocessing technology |
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| CN101850355A true CN101850355A (en) | 2010-10-06 |
| CN101850355B CN101850355B (en) | 2013-02-13 |
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| CN 201010175602 Expired - Fee Related CN101850355B (en) | 2010-05-13 | 2010-05-13 | Rice husk reprocessing technology |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113060738A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-07-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Preparation of rice hull source functional carbon based on novel ammonia method carbon capture and nano SiO2Synthesis method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3909966B2 (en) * | 1998-11-25 | 2007-04-25 | セイレイ工業株式会社 | Hulling sorter |
| JP2003112063A (en) * | 2001-10-05 | 2003-04-15 | Iseki & Co Ltd | Residual grain treating equipment of husking separator |
| JP4894057B2 (en) * | 2004-10-13 | 2012-03-07 | 独立行政法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構 | Highly soluble silicic acid fertilizer method for firewood burning ash |
| CN101391778B (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2011-01-05 | 江南大学 | Method for preparing high-purity siliceous reinforcing agent by using rice hull ash as raw material |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113060738A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-07-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Preparation of rice hull source functional carbon based on novel ammonia method carbon capture and nano SiO2Synthesis method |
| CN113060738B (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2022-10-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Preparation of rice hull source functional carbon based on ammonia method carbon capture and nano SiO 2 Synthesis method |
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