CN101850158B - Fire escape device - Google Patents

Fire escape device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101850158B
CN101850158B CN2010102182504A CN201010218250A CN101850158B CN 101850158 B CN101850158 B CN 101850158B CN 2010102182504 A CN2010102182504 A CN 2010102182504A CN 201010218250 A CN201010218250 A CN 201010218250A CN 101850158 B CN101850158 B CN 101850158B
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rotating shaft
lever
housing
fixed
friction pulley
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CN101850158A (en
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金来兴
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Abstract

The invention provides a fire escape device which belongs to the technical field of machinery, and solves the technical problems of poor safety performance and higher cost of traditional fire escape devices. The fire escape device comprises a shell body which a cavity, a rotary shaft, a steel cable, a safety steel cable, a suspension hook and a safety hook, the rotary shaft is arranged in the cavity of the shell body and the steel cable is wound on the rotary shaft; one end of the steel cable passes through the shell body and is fixedly connected with the suspension hook, and the other end is fixedly on the rotary shaft; one end of the safety steel cable is fixed on the shell body, and the other end is fixedly connected with the safety hook; the rotary shaft is connected with a power mechanism capable of driving the rotary shaft to rotate; and the rotary shaft is also connected with a friction mechanism capable of stopping the rotary shaft from rotating. The fire escape device has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design, safety use, lower cost and the like.

Description

A kind of escaping device from fire disaster
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of mechanical technique, relate to a kind of escaping device from fire disaster, particularly a kind of simple in structure, use safer escaping device from fire disaster.
Background technology
Fire is the higher a kind of disaster of occurrence frequency in the multiple disaster in the world today, also is the maximum a kind of disaster of space-time span.According to the United Nations " World Fire Statistics Centre ".More than 10,000 of whole world breaking out of fire every day, the fire fatality number reaches hundreds of people.In China, about 40,000 of annual breaking out of fire, dead and wounded people up to ten thousand, the direct property loss that annual fire causes reaches more than 10 hundred million yuan.Tens people, the dead especially big malignant fire of hundreds of people also happen occasionally, and bring about great losses for the country and people's lives and properties.And fire hazard is also in continuous expansion, the loss of breaking out of fire, and the U.S. doubled less than 7 years, and Japan doubled in average 16 years, and China doubled in average 12 years.
This shows that it is very necessary inventing timely, the safe device by the scene of fire escape of a kind of ability.Through retrieval, (patent No.: 01253217.7) comprise escape suspension cable, decelerator and health suspender belt, the suspension cable that it is characterized in that escaping passes decelerator and upper end system connects positioning hanger, and the fixing system of health suspender belt and decelerator even to disclose a kind of escape apparatus like Chinese patent.Very simple of the structure of this escape apparatus, cost is lower, and still, security performance is too low, can't effectively guarantee user's life security.
Chinese patent discloses a kind of safe escape device (patent No.: 200720122734.2) for another example; It is characterized in that: this escape apparatus is by fixed base plate, housing, mandrel, fire protection flame retarding rope, speed control unit and shake handle and form; The housing two ends are provided with the circular hole that connects mandrel; The side is provided with the rope opening, and is fixedly connected with fixed base plate; Mandrel one end has baffle plate, is installed in the respective aperture of housing two ends also rotatable; Fire protection flame retarding rope one end is fixed on the mandrel, and the other end passes the rope opening of housing, and the end has link; Speed control unit is installed in the relevant position of cavity between mandrel baffle plate and the housing, mandrel cylindrical; The corresponding site of mandrel is installed the said handle that shakes.The structure more complicated of this safe escape device, higher, the relatively inconvenience of operation of cost, therefore, the practicality of this safe escape device is lower, is difficult to penetration and promotion.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to have the problems referred to above, proposed a kind of escaping device from fire disaster simple in structure, safe in utilization, lower-cost to existing technology.
The object of the invention can be realized through following technical proposal: a kind of escaping device from fire disaster, comprise housing, rotating shaft, first cable wire, check cable, hanged hook and auxiliary catch with cavity, and described rotating shaft is arranged in the cavity of housing; Described first cable wire is wrapped in the rotating shaft; One end passes housing and is connected mutually with hanged hook, and the other end is fixed in the rotating shaft, and described check cable one end is fixed on the housing; The other end is connected with auxiliary catch mutually; It is characterized in that the actuating unit that described rotating shaft and can drive its rotation links to each other, described rotating shaft also can make its friction mechanism that stops operating link to each other with one.
This escaping device from fire disaster is used for high-rise life saving and uses.Hanged hook is to be used for being suspended on railing or other firmly motionless objects of high building, and the auxiliary catch hook is held on the insurance belt of human body.Under the effect of actuating unit, rotating shaft begins to rotate the first cable wire slow release; Slowly this device and user are put down by high building, under the effect of friction mechanism, rotating shaft is slowed down rotate or stop operating; Play the effect of brake, make this escaping device from fire disaster more safe.
In above-mentioned escaping device from fire disaster; Described friction mechanism comprises friction pulley, lever, connection cord and foot-driven lever; Described friction pulley is fixed in the rotating shaft, and this friction pulley has friction pulley periphery rubbing surface, all rubbing surfaces in the housing that above-mentioned housing had on interior week with this friction pulley periphery rubbing surface matches; The end of described rotating shaft has installing hole; Described lever the inner has spherical installation head, and the inner installation head of described lever is arranged in the installing hole of roller end, and the outer end of lever is connected with foot-driven lever through connection cord mutually.People's pin steps down on the foot-driven lever; Give the downward power in lever outer end through connection cord, according to lever principle, the inner of lever makes rotating shaft obtain a power that makes progress; Make rotating shaft depart from the center, rotating shaft drives friction pulley periphery rubbing surface leaning in housing on all rubbing surfaces tightly.At this moment, the eccentric state of rotating shaft and stop or slowing down rotation along with the size change of active force, is controlled the coefficient of friction of all rubbing surfaces in friction pulley periphery rubbing surface and the housing, perhaps slows down decrease speed thereby make this device stop to descend.
In above-mentioned escaping device from fire disaster; Described actuating unit comprises bevel gear one, bevel gear two, connecting axle and manual rotating disk; Described bevel gear one is fixed in the above-mentioned rotating shaft; Described bevel gear two is meshed with bevel gear one, and described connecting axle one end is fixed on the bevel gear two, and the other end is fixed on the manual rotating disk.Through the manual rotating disk of forward rotation, drive the rotation of connecting axle, drive the rotation of bevel gear two again.The rotation of bevel gear two drives the rotation of bevel gear one again, and the rotation of bevel gear one drives the rotation of rotating shaft again, and the rotation of rotating shaft discharges first cable wire, makes slowly elongated of first cable wire.Through the manual rotating disk of backward rotation, just can make first cable wire shortening slowly, first cable wire is reclaimed, this sample escaping device from fire disaster can be reused.
In above-mentioned escaping device from fire disaster, the quantity of described lever and connection cord is two, and described lever is separately positioned on the two ends of rotating shaft.
In above-mentioned escaping device from fire disaster, described friction pulley periphery rubbing surface adopts the antifriction elastomeric material to process, and also adopts the antifriction elastomeric material to process on the rubbing surface in week in the housing.Certainly, also can use and add the synthetic friction resistance material of resin by copper powders may and replace above-mentioned rubber layer.Through such design, increase the frictional force of all rubbing surfaces in friction pulley periphery rubbing surface and the housing, guarantee that this device can better control the rotating speed of rotating shaft or stop.
In above-mentioned escaping device from fire disaster; The aperture of the installing hole at said rotating shaft two ends also is provided with end cap greater than the external diameter of spherical installation head on the two ends of housing, the end cap center has the through hole of trumpet type; The aperture of this through hole is greater than the bar footpath of lever; And less than the external diameter of spherical installation head, the spherical installation head of above-mentioned lever is arranged in the installing hole of rotating shaft, and the through hole that the other end passes end cap links to each other with above-mentioned connection cord.Installation head is the lever work done point that prizes rotating shaft, and the through hole of end cap is a balance pivot, and the contact point of lever outer end and connection cord is the lever impetus.After the installation, end cap is fixed on the housing through the mode of bolt or welding.
In above-mentioned escaping device from fire disaster, the quantity of described friction pulley is two, is separately fixed on the rotating shaft two ends.
In above-mentioned escaping device from fire disaster, be fixed with the ring of shaking hands on the described housing.People's hand can be held on this ring of shaking hands, and improves security performance.And can do the chin-up action, the regulation and control pin is stepped on the dynamics of foot-driven lever.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, this escaping device from fire disaster utilizes the body weight pin to step on the gravity size of foot-driven lever; Utilize lever principle regulation and control coefficient of friction; Make rotating shaft off-centre in various degree rotate coefficient of friction; Rotating shaft is slowed down rotate or stop operating, reach and slow down decrease speed or stop to descend, reasonable in design, simple in structure, security performance is high, cost is low.
2, this escaping device from fire disaster also can utilize the gear ratio control rotating shaft between bevel gear one and the bevel gear two through rotating manual rotating disk; This device and human body are slowly lowered by high building; Simultaneously as abandon manually also can alleviating the dynamics that pin is stepped on foot-driven lever do chin-up by the two hand-tight rings of shaking hands, the size of stepping on foot-driven lever strength through pin just can make this device and user increase and decrease decrease speed or stop to descend, simple to operate freely, use is safer; Both have dual control function, and are safe and reliable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of this escaping device from fire disaster.
Among the figure, 1, housing; All rubbing surfaces in 1a, the housing; 1b, connecting axle installing hole; 2, rotating shaft; 2a, installing hole; 3, first cable wire; 4, hanged hook; 5, auxiliary catch; 6, bevel gear one; 7, manual rotating disk; 8, connecting axle; 9, friction pulley; 9a, friction pulley periphery rubbing surface; 10, lever; 10a, installation head; 11, connection cord; 12, foot-driven lever; 13, bevel gear two; 14, the ring of shaking hands; 15, end cap; 15a, through hole; 16, check cable; 17, lever work done point; 18, balance pivot; 19, lever impetus; 20, bolt.
The specific embodiment
Below be specific embodiment of the present invention and combine accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is done further to describe, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, this escaping device from fire disaster comprises housing 1 with cavity, rotating shaft 2, first cable wire 3, check cable 16, hanged hook 4 and auxiliary catch 5; Rotating shaft 2 is arranged in the cavity of housing 1; Described first cable wire 3 is wrapped in the rotating shaft 2, and an end passes housing 1 and is connected mutually with hanged hook 4, and the other end is fixed in the rotating shaft 2; Described check cable 16 1 ends are fixed on the housing 1; The other end is connected with auxiliary catch 5 mutually, and the actuating unit that rotating shaft 2 and can drive its rotation links to each other, and described rotating shaft 2 also can make its friction mechanism that stops operating link to each other with one.
Particularly; Described friction mechanism comprises friction pulley 9, lever 10, connection cord 11 and foot-driven lever 12; Described friction pulley 9 is fixed in the rotating shaft 2, and this friction pulley 9 has friction pulley periphery rubbing surface 9a, has all rubbing surface 1a in the housing that matches with the friction pulley periphery rubbing surface 9a of this friction pulley 9 on week in the above-mentioned housing 1; The end of described rotating shaft 2 has installing hole 2a; Described lever 10 the inners have spherical installation head 10a, and described lever 10 inner installation head 10a are arranged in the installing hole 2a of rotating shaft 2 ends, and lever 10 outer ends are connected with foot-driven lever 12 through connection cord 11 mutually.People's pin steps down on the foot-driven lever 12; Give the downward power in lever 10 outer ends through connection cord 11; According to lever principle, the spherical installation head 10a of the inner of lever 10 upwarps, and rotating shaft 2 obtains a power that makes progress; Make rotating shaft 2 depart from the center, rotating shaft 2 drives friction pulley periphery rubbing surface 9a leaning in housing on all rubbing surface 1a tightly.At this moment, rotating shaft 2 eccentric states and stop or slowing down rotation along with the size change of active force, are controlled the coefficient of friction of all rubbing surface 1a in friction pulley periphery rubbing surface 9a and the housing, perhaps slow down decrease speed thereby make this device stop to descend.
Actuating unit comprises bevel gear 1, bevel gear 2 13, connecting axle 8 and manual rotating disk 7; Described bevel gear 1 is fixed in the above-mentioned rotating shaft 2; Described bevel gear 2 13 is meshed with bevel gear 1; Described connecting axle 8 one ends are fixed on the bevel gear 2 13, and the other end is fixed on the manual rotating disk 7.Through the manual rotating disk 7 of forward rotation, drive the rotation of connecting axle 8, drive the rotation of bevel gear 2 13 again.The rotation of bevel gear 2 13 drives the rotation of bevel gear 1 again, and the rotation of bevel gear 1 drives the rotation of rotating shaft 2 again, and the rotation of rotating shaft 2 discharges first cable wire 3, makes slowly elongated of first cable wire 3.Through the manual rotating disk 7 of backward rotation, just can make first cable wire 3 shortening slowly, 3 recovery of first cable wire are got up, this sample escaping device from fire disaster can be reused.Offer connecting axle installing hole 1b at the middle part of housing 1, above-mentioned connecting axle 8 passes this connecting axle installing hole 1b level and installs.
In the present embodiment, lever 10 is two with the quantity of connection cord 11, and lever 10 is separately positioned on the two ends of rotating shaft 2.The quantity of friction pulley 9 is two, is separately fixed on rotating shaft 2 two ends.
Friction pulley periphery rubbing surface 9a adopts the antifriction elastomeric material to process, and also adopts the antifriction elastomeric material to process on all rubbing surface 1a in the housing.Certainly, also can use and add the synthetic friction resistance material of resin by copper powders may and replace above-mentioned rubber layer.Through such design, increase the frictional force of all rubbing surface 1a in friction pulley periphery rubbing surface 9a and the housing, guarantee that this device can better control the rotating speed of rotating shaft 2 or stop.
Offer installing hole 2a at rotating shaft 2 two ends, the inner of above-mentioned lever 10 has spherical installation head 10a, and the aperture of described installing hole 2a is greater than the external diameter of installation head 10a; On the two ends of housing 1, also be provided with end cap 15; End cap 15 centers have the through hole 15a of trumpet type, and the aperture of this through hole 15a is greater than the bar of lever 10 footpath, and less than the external diameter of spherical installation head 10a; The spherical installation head 10a of above-mentioned lever 10 is arranged among the installing hole 2a of rotating shaft 2, and the other end passes the through hole 15a of end cap 15.Installation head 10a is the lever work done point 17 that prizes rotating shaft 2, and the through hole 15a of end cap 15 is a balance pivot 18, and the contact point of lever 10 outer ends and connection cord 11 is a lever impetus 19.After the installation, end cap 15 can be fixed on the housing 1 through the mode of bolt 20 or welding, and end cap 15 is fixed on the housing 1 through bolt 20 in the present embodiment.
On housing 1, be fixed with the ring 14 of shaking hands, people's hand can be held on this ring 14 of shaking hands, and improves security performance, and can do the chin-up action, and the regulation and control pin is stepped on the dynamics of foot-driven lever 12.
This escaping device from fire disaster is used for high-rise life saving and uses, and its method for using is described below: earlier hanged hook 4 is hooked on railing or other firmly motionless objects of high building, hanged hook 4 with in succession first cable wire 3 and rotating shaft 2.Check cable 16 1 ends connect housing 1, and the other end is connecting auxiliary catch 5.Auxiliary catch 5 hooks to be tied up on the restraining harness of human body, plays the security insurance effect.Pin is stepped on foot-driven lever 12, holds the ring 14 of shaking hands on the other hand tight in one's hands, the hand-tight control rotating disk 7 of shaking hands of another.Unclamp manual rotating disk 7, the two hand-tight rings 14 of shaking hands and do the chin-up action, alleviate foot-operated gravity, this escaping device from fire disaster and human body begin to descend.Foot-operated power is light more, and it is fast more to descend, and foot-operated power is heavy more, and it is slow more to descend, and perhaps stops to descend, and so perseveration descends freely.Also but the hand control rotating disk 7, another hand-tight ring 14 of shaking hands that draws, and the manual rotating disk 7 of slow release slowly descends, and the pin of exerting oneself is stepped on foot-driven lever 12 can make this escaping device from fire disaster stop to descend or slowing down decrease speed.The manual rotating disk 7 of perhaps holding with a firm grip makes it can not rotate or slow down rotation, also can make this escaping device from fire disaster stop or slowing down decrease speed.Through rotating manual rotating disk 7, can reclaim first cable wire 3, reusable in the future.
The principle of this escaping device from fire disaster is following: human body is set foot on foot-driven lever 12; The connection cord 11 interlock levers 10 outer end impetus that connecting foot-driven lever 12 are downward; The installation head 10a that makes it to prize lever 10 work done that makes progress makes rotating shaft 2 eccentric upwards tops, makes the friction pulley periphery rubbing surface 9a that is fixed in the rotating shaft 2 press closer all rubbing surface 1a in the housing; Increase coefficient of friction, rotating shaft 2 is stopped the rotation or slow down rotation.Do the chin-up action because of the user holds the ring 14 of shaking hands, step on the weight of foot-driven lever 12, the coefficient of reducing friction to alleviate pin; Rotating shaft 2 begins rotation again; Then descend to quicken, so back and forth, the tramp with one's feet gravity size of foot-driven lever 12 of profit; Can regulate and control the coefficient of friction size of all rubbing surface 1a in friction pulley periphery rubbing surface 9a and the housing freely, realize the decrease speed of this escaping device from fire disaster of control or it is stopped.Operation freely, and is safe and reliable.
This escaping device from fire disaster utilizes terrestrial gravitation; Body weight with hold the ring 14 of shaking hands and regulate and control to ride the dynamics of foot-driven lever 12 do chin-up; Quoted lever principle; Make rotating shaft 2 eccentric rotations, thereby the coefficient of friction of all rubbing surface 1a in regulation and control friction pulley periphery rubbing surface 9a and the housing is realized decline of this escaping device from fire disaster or the function that stops.This escaping device from fire disaster the principles of science quotes rationally, reliable, simple in structure, durable firmly, safety coefficient is high, easy to use, cheap, economical and practical, be convenient to popularize and popularization.
Here be noted that the width of friction pulley 9 and the size that friction area is related to coefficient of friction.The circle diameter magnitude relationship of all rubbing surface 1a is to the coefficient of friction size in friction pulley periphery rubbing surface 9a and the housing.The length of rotating shaft 2 two ends levers 10 and interior outer end length proportionate relationship are the size of coefficient of friction to friction pressure.How many number of turns that first cable wire 3 twists in the rotating shaft 2 is related to the height that this device uses., practical implementation selects material and size adjusting when making for use.
Specific embodiment described herein only is that the present invention's spirit is illustrated.Person of ordinary skill in the field of the present invention can make various modifications or replenishes or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.
Although this paper has used 1, housing morely; All rubbing surfaces in 1a, the housing; 1b, connecting axle installing hole; 2, rotating shaft; 2a, installing hole; 3, first cable wire; 4, hanged hook; 5, auxiliary catch; 6, bevel gear one; 7, manual rotating disk; 8, connecting axle; 9, friction pulley; 9a, friction pulley periphery rubbing surface; 10, lever; 10a, installation head; 11, connection cord; 12, foot-driven lever; 13, bevel gear two; 14, the ring of shaking hands; 15, end cap; 15a, through hole; 16, check cable; 17, lever work done point; 18, balance pivot; 19, lever impetus; 20, term such as bolt, but do not get rid of the possibility of using other term.Using these terms only is in order to describe and explain essence of the present invention more easily; It all is contrary with spirit of the present invention being construed to any additional restriction to them.

Claims (6)

1. an escaping device from fire disaster comprises housing (1), rotating shaft (2), first cable wire (3), check cable (16), hanged hook (4) and auxiliary catch (5) with cavity, and described rotating shaft (2) is arranged in the cavity of housing (1); Described first cable wire (3) is wrapped in the rotating shaft (2); One end passes housing (1) and is connected mutually with hanged hook (4), and the other end is fixed in the rotating shaft (2), and described check cable (16) one ends are fixed on the housing (1); The other end is connected with auxiliary catch (5) mutually; It is characterized in that the actuating unit that described rotating shaft (2) and can drive its rotation links to each other, described rotating shaft (2) also can make its friction mechanism that stops operating link to each other with one; Described friction mechanism comprises friction pulley (9), lever (10), connection cord (11) and foot-driven lever (12); Described friction pulley (9) is fixed in the rotating shaft (2); And this friction pulley (9) has friction pulley periphery rubbing surface (9a); Have all rubbing surfaces (1a) in the housing that matches with this friction pulley periphery rubbing surface (9a) on interior week of above-mentioned housing (1), the end of described rotating shaft (2) has installing hole (2a), and described lever (10) the inner has spherical installation head (10a); The inner installation head (10a) of described lever (10) is arranged in the installing hole (2a) of rotating shaft (2) end, and the outer end of lever (10) is connected with foot-driven lever (12) through connection cord (11) mutually; Described actuating unit comprises bevel gear one (6), bevel gear two (13), connecting axle (8) and manual rotating disk (7); Described bevel gear one (6) is fixed in the above-mentioned rotating shaft (2); Described bevel gear two (13) is meshed with bevel gear one (6); Described connecting axle (8) one ends are fixed on the bevel gear two (13), and the other end is fixed on the manual rotating disk (7).
2. escaping device from fire disaster according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described lever (10) is two with the quantity of connection cord (11), and described lever (10) is separately positioned on the two ends of rotating shaft (2).
3. escaping device from fire disaster according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described friction pulley periphery rubbing surface (9a) adopts the antifriction elastomeric material to process, and also adopts the antifriction elastomeric material to process on the rubbing surface in week in the housing (1).
4. escaping device from fire disaster according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The aperture of the installing hole (2a) at described rotating shaft (2) two ends also is provided with end cap (15) greater than the external diameter of spherical installation head (10a) on the two ends of housing (1), end cap (15) center has the through hole (15a) of trumpet type; The aperture of this through hole (15a) is greater than the bar footpath of lever (10); And less than the external diameter of spherical installation head (10a), the spherical installation head (10a) of above-mentioned lever (10) is arranged in the installing hole (2a) of rotating shaft (2), and the through hole (15a) that the other end passes end cap (15) links to each other with above-mentioned connection cord (11).
5. escaping device from fire disaster according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the quantity of described friction pulley (9) is two, is separately fixed on rotating shaft (2) two ends.
6. escaping device from fire disaster according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, is fixed with the ring (14) of shaking hands on the described housing (1).
CN2010102182504A 2010-05-19 2010-07-06 Fire escape device Active CN101850158B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2010102182504A CN101850158B (en) 2010-05-19 2010-07-06 Fire escape device

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CN201010176712 2010-05-19
CN201010176712.0 2010-05-19
CN201010195471.4 2010-06-09
CN201010195471 2010-06-09
CN2010102182504A CN101850158B (en) 2010-05-19 2010-07-06 Fire escape device

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CN101850158B true CN101850158B (en) 2012-03-28

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WO2012097712A1 (en) * 2011-01-18 2012-07-26 Jin Laixing Multifunctional high-rise escape device having swing and bodybuilding functions
CN103585719B (en) * 2013-10-15 2016-01-27 大连理工大学 Multifunctional high-rise building escape device
CN109847205A (en) * 2019-04-03 2019-06-07 贵州大学 A kind of fire high building device for refuge and escape

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JPS61127753U (en) * 1985-01-28 1986-08-11
US6585082B1 (en) * 2001-06-18 2003-07-01 Atoll Holdings Inc. Fire escape method
CN2497810Y (en) * 2001-09-27 2002-07-03 华南理工大学 Safety life saver for high rising building
CN2726640Y (en) * 2004-06-29 2005-09-21 陈林 Self-saving device in fire
CN201692532U (en) * 2010-05-19 2011-01-05 金来兴 Fire escape device

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