CN101846559A - System and method for measuring heat of wet steam generator special for oilfields - Google Patents
System and method for measuring heat of wet steam generator special for oilfields Download PDFInfo
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- CN101846559A CN101846559A CN 201010166455 CN201010166455A CN101846559A CN 101846559 A CN101846559 A CN 101846559A CN 201010166455 CN201010166455 CN 201010166455 CN 201010166455 A CN201010166455 A CN 201010166455A CN 101846559 A CN101846559 A CN 101846559A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of oilfield exploitation, and in particular relates to a system and a method for measuring the heat of a wet steam generator special for oilfields. The system for measuring the heat of the wet steam generator special for the oilfields consists of a flow measurement device, a pressure measurement device, a temperature measurement device, a steam-liquid slip ratio measurement device and an arithmetic and control unit, wherein the steam-liquid slip ratio measurement device comprises a pipeline, pin fins and vortex pulse width sensors; the pin fins are arranged on a center line of the pipeline; the vortex pulse width sensors are arranged on the downstream parts of the pin fins in the pipeline; and the pin fins are matched with the vortex pulse width sensors. The system and the method have the advantages of completely replacing manual test, solving the problem of heat control delay with online real-time monitoring, preventing pipe explosion caused by the overheat of the wet steam generator, improving the steam-absorption effect of an oil layer, and analyzing causes for the pipe explosion with continuously stored data to ensure safety in production, along with high measurement result accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the oilfield exploitation field, particularly relate to a kind of wet steam generator calorimetry system and method.
Background technology
Oilfield output liquid is oil (crude oil), gas (rock gas), water (local water) three-phase mixture.The natural gas via separation vessel enters natural gas system after separating, crude oil is through sedimentation, enter refinery after the dehydration, water enters the oil field special wet steam generator through after the advanced treatment of wastewater, wet steam generator simply says to be exactly the heat interchanger of a kind of water and elevated temperature heat flue gas (flue gas is from the oil gas burner), water produces water through the heating back, vapour mixture (being wet saturated steam), the wet saturated steam oil well that reinjects heats underground crude oil, (viscosity is big when the exploitation oil field belongs to viscous crude field, mobile difference is viscous crude) time, underground viscous crude just needs through the heating viscosity reduction, could be promoted to ground by oil pumper after increasing flowability.Underground viscous crude heating is undertaken by the oil field special wet steam generator, the height of oil field special wet steam generator quantity of heat given up, directly the heat of target oil reservoir is injected in decision, no matter be thickened oil recovery modes such as steam stimulation, steam flood, the auxiliary draining of gravity, the height of annotating the vapour heat is directly restricting the heavy oil development effect, heat is crossed the low efficient that influences thickened oil recovery, and the overheated oil field special wet steam generator that then can cause of heat produces pipe explosion accident.So it is most important for the exploitation of viscous crude to measure the quantity of heat given up of wet steam generator, the method for measuring the wet steam generator quantity of heat given up in the prior art is divided into hand dipping, ion electrode is measured and measuring tube is measured three kinds.
Hand dipping adopts the mode of dilute sulfuric acid titration to draw the basicity (on-the-spot represent with the buret acid consumption) of water outlet and entry, calculates the mass ratio of steam and water in the wet saturated steam according to following formula,
In the formula:
Be the mass ratio of steam in the wet saturated steam and water, H
Go outBe water outlet acid consumption, H
Go intoBe the entry acid consumption.
Calculate the enthalpy of steam, water then respectively according to oil field special wet steam generator wet saturated steam top hole pressure, temperature, utilize that the mass ratio of steam and water calculates wet saturated steam exporting unit quality heat in the wet saturated steam, last and total discharge multiplies each other and obtains wet saturated steam outlet total amount of heat.Though this kind measuring method result is very accurate,, omnidistancely obtain for people's craft titration because in obtaining wet saturated steam in the process of the mass ratio of steam and water, the non-constant of efficient, can't be applied in the real-time control, can only be used in control afterwards, can't avoid the generation of pipe explosion accident.
The ion electrode measurement is that electrode is immersed in the wet steam generator water, measures ion distribution and obtains heat.Because of the electrode long period of soaking in water, electrode surface can produce scale formation in various degree, in addition, the heatproof value of electrode itself is generally less than 70 ℃ and very easily damages, the wet steam generator water of oil field special use at present is an advanced treatment of wastewater water simultaneously, have certain suspension, oil-containing in this water, electrode surface is more difficult guarantees cleaning.
Measuring tube is measured as in the wet saturated steam outlet long-neck nozzle or V awl measuring tube is installed, this metering system is that the outlet wet saturated steam is assumed perfect condition gas, be that water in the wet saturated steam is distributed in the dry steam, measure long-neck nozzle or V awl measuring tube differential pressure, by experimental formula or on-the-spot match computing, draw steam heat, this metering system obviously is inaccurate, reason is oil field special wet steam generator discharge pipe vertical section and horizontal pipeline section wet saturated steam flow pattern complexity, is difficult to calculate with the perfect condition gas equation.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of measuring heat of wet steam generator special for oilfields system and method, steam was different with the mass ratio of water in the wet saturated steam when this system and method utilized wet saturated steam to be interfered can produce different whirlpool width, measures the whirlpool width and calculates wet steam generator outlet total amount of heat.
A kind of measuring heat of wet steam generator special for oilfields system, by flow measurement device, device for pressure measurement, temperature measuring equipment, vapour-liquid slip factor measurement mechanism and arithmetic and control unit constitute, described flow measurement device is installed in the wet steam generator water inlet, described temperature measuring equipment and device for pressure measurement are installed in the outlet of wet steam generator wet saturated steam, described vapour-liquid slip factor measurement mechanism links to each other flow measurement device by pipeline with the outlet of wet steam generator wet saturated steam, device for pressure measurement, the data output concatenation operation controller of temperature measuring equipment and vapour-liquid slip factor measurement mechanism; Vapour-liquid slip factor measurement mechanism comprises pipeline, turbulence columns and whirlpool pulsewidth sensor, described turbulence columns is installed on the center line of pipeline, described whirlpool pulsewidth sensor is installed in the downstream position that is positioned at turbulence columns in the pipeline, and turbulence columns and whirlpool pulsewidth sensor match.
Described flow measurement device is a singlet liquid phase stream coefficient of discharge caliberating device.
Described turbulence columns has two-stage, and every grade of turbulence columns independently is furnished with a whirlpool pulsewidth sensor.
Described turbulence columns is a triangular prism, and trequetrous bottom surface is positioned at the upstream, and end face is positioned at the downstream.
Described arithmetic and control unit is industrial single-chip microcomputer or microprocessor.
A kind of measuring heat of wet steam generator special for oilfields method may further comprise the steps:
The wet steam pressure and the wet steam temperature of step 3, measurement wet steam generator steam outlet calculate unit mass wet saturated steam heat in conjunction with the vapour-liquid slip ratio; Unit mass wet saturated steam heat
Step 4, measurement wet steam generator water inlet flow obtain wet steam generator outlet total amount of heat by unit mass wet saturated steam heat Calculation.
The whirlpool pulsewidth of wet steam generator steam (vapor) outlet measures twice altogether in the described step 1, and whirlpool pulsewidth B value is twice a mean value.
Steam was different with the mass ratio of water in the wet saturated steam when the present invention utilized wet saturated steam to be interfered can produce different whirlpool width, measures the whirlpool width and calculates wet steam generator outlet total amount of heat.Avoided the influence to the heat measuring accuracy of water quality, incrustation scale, carbonated drink two-phase fluidised form, measurement result degree of accuracy height can substitute artificial chemical examination fully; Online real-time monitoring has solved heat control hysteresis problem, has therefore prevented the overheated booster of wet steam generator and has improved oil reservoir suction vapour effect; Detection of the present invention simultaneously is for carrying out automatically, not influenced by human factor, heat is stored continuously, when the oil reservoir production per cycle changes, can be used as a kind of factor that analysing output changes, when the wet steam generator pipe explosion accident takes place, can consult the preceding thermal change situation of booster, make the booster reason more clear.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a measuring heat of wet steam generator special for oilfields system architecture synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is a vapour-liquid slip factor measurement mechanism structural representation.
Among the figure: 1 wet steam generator, 11 water inlets, 12 hot gas approach, the outlet of 13 low-temperature flue gas, the outlet of 14 wet saturated steams, 2 flow measurement devices, 3 vapour-liquid slip factor measurement mechanisms, 31 pipelines, 32 first turbulence columns, 33 second turbulence columns.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, a kind of measuring heat of wet steam generator special for oilfields system, constitute by flow measurement device 2, device for pressure measurement, temperature measuring equipment, vapour-liquid slip factor measurement mechanism 3 and arithmetic and control unit, described flow measurement device 2 is installed in wet steam generator water inlet 11, and flow measurement device is selected singlet liquid phase stream coefficient of discharge caliberating device for use; Described temperature measuring equipment and device for pressure measurement are installed in wet steam generator wet saturated steam outlet 14, described vapour-liquid slip factor measurement mechanism 3 links to each other with wet steam generator wet saturated steam outlet 14 by pipeline, flow measurement device, device for pressure measurement, temperature measuring equipment and vapour-liquid slip factor are measured the data output concatenation operation controller of 3 devices, described arithmetic and control unit is industrial single-chip microcomputer or microprocessor, and arithmetic and control unit described in the present embodiment is selected industrial single-chip microcomputer for use;
Described in the present invention vapour-liquid slip factor measurement mechanism 3 comprises pipeline 31, turbulence columns and whirlpool pulsewidth sensor, described turbulence columns is installed on the center line of pipeline, described whirlpool pulsewidth sensor is installed in the downstream position that is positioned at turbulence columns in the pipeline, turbulence columns and whirlpool pulsewidth sensor match, the error that produces in order to eliminate pressure disturbance, described in the present embodiment turbulence columns is provided with two-stage altogether, every grade of turbulence columns independently is furnished with a whirlpool pulsewidth sensor, wet saturated steam is after first turbulence columns 32 of flowing through, vapour-liquid can be reformed, and then enter second turbulence columns 33, and producing the secondary whirlpool, the value of whirlpool pulsewidth is the average of twice whirlpool; Turbulence columns in the present embodiment is the triangle cylindricality, and trequetrous bottom surface is positioned at upstream position, and end face is positioned at downstream position.
A kind of measuring heat of wet steam generator special for oilfields method, this device use measuring heat of wet steam generator special for oilfields of the present invention system is measured, and may further comprise the steps:
The turbulence columns of step 1, a selected given shape, match obtains the empirical parameter of whirlpool pulsewidth and vapour-liquid slip ratio equation and this turbulence columns by experiment; The quantitative parameter of the triangle cylindricality diversion column in the present embodiment is selected the ratio beta of turbulence columns width D 1 and pipe diameter D2 for use, obtains triangular prism experience factor ω by experiment;
In the formula:
The vapour-liquid slip ratio
ω: the triangular prism physics tuning coefficient that dispatches from the factory
B: whirlpool pulsewidth
β: the ratio of turbulence columns width D 1 and pipe diameter D2
The error that produces in order to eliminate pressure disturbance, the whirlpool pulsewidth of wet steam generator steam (vapor) outlet measures twice altogether, and whirlpool pulsewidth B value is twice for the first time whirlpool pulsewidth B1 and the mean value of whirlpool pulsewidth B2, i.e. B=(B1+B2)/2 for the second time.
The wet steam pressure P and the wet steam temperature T of step 3, measurement wet steam generator steam outlet are in conjunction with the vapour-liquid slip ratio
Calculate according to formula (2) that the shared mass percent of saturated steam is in the unit mass wet saturated steam heat h wet saturated steam
The shared mass percent of saturation water is
Wet steam pressure is P
When 6.8Mpa≤P＜11.7Mpa
The heat r ' of saturation water: r '=227.5+10.79P (unit of account is Kcal/Kg)
The heat r of saturated vapour ": r "=691.2-4.1P
When 11.7Mpa≤P＜19Mpa
The heat r ' of saturation water: r '=239+9.72P (unit of account is Kcal/Kg)
The heat r of saturated vapour ": r "=727.2-7.2368P
Step 4, measure wet steam generator water inlet flow α, and calculate wet steam generator outlet total amount of heat μ according to formula (3),
μ＝hα (3)
Being installed in wet steam generator outlet apparatus for measuring amount of heat straight length is
Material is 20G, D1=65mm, and triangle turbulence columns base the widest part is 20mm, drift angle is 30 °, so β=20/65=0.307 ω: the triangular prism physics tuning coefficient that dispatches from the factory: when 0.25≤β≤＜0.7
ω＝0.90
First kind of operating mode:
When wet steam generator top hole pressure P=10Mpa, wet steam generator water inlet feedwater flow is 20t/h,
Record the wet saturated steam outlet temperature and be higher than saturation temperature this moment,
The analog current signal of being measured by first order flow-disturbing triangular prism is through digital-to-analog conversion B1=0.050
The analog current signal of being measured by second level flow-disturbing triangular prism is through digital-to-analog conversion B1=0.040
Average pulse B=(B1+B2)/2=0.045
According to formula (1) result of calculation
According to formula (2) part
As pressure P=10Mpa
The heat of saturation water: r '=227.5+10.79P=335.4Kcal/Kg
The heat of saturated vapour: r "=691.2-4.1P=650.2Kcal/Kg
Unit mass wet saturated steam heat:
Wet saturated steam outlet total amount of heat is μ=α h=20*1000*527.4=10548000Kcal/h
After using measuring heat of wet steam generator special for oilfields system and method for the present invention to substitute artificial chemical examination, the open loop that control can adopt interlock to follow the tracks of to heat is controlled automatically, to realize high-precision online adjusting.
Following scheme is adopted in heat control: under certain water yield, after the wet steam generator heat reaches and annotates the requirement of vapour scheme, consistent wet steam generator top hole pressure, allow the target oil reservoir steadily inhale vapour, after the wet steam generator top hole pressure was stable, fuel oil temperature, atomizing pressure will be stablized, then consistent wet steam generator intake, at last, heat is controlled by the heat of fuel oil generation just only; Because wet steam generator fuel oil composition instability, residual oil, crude oil mixed combustion, the net calorific value instability of fuel oil, simple control wet steam generator fuel flow also can't guarantee steam heat, therefore, need be after measuring wet steam generator outlet heat, inverse goes out the net calorific value of wet steam generator oil-feed this moment, and after fuel flow was stable, heat was relatively stable, at this moment, change as the wet steam generator heat, illustrate that the fuel oil composition changes, after wet steam generator is judged thermal change trend, the corresponding increase fuel flow of meeting reaches the purpose of steady control heat to adapt to the variation of fuel oil net calorific value.Above-mentioned control procedure is a feed-forward signal with the wet steam generator top hole pressure at first, by adjusting wet steam generator oil inlet quantity, the heat of consistent wet steam generator oil inflame, consistent wet steam generator heat.
Claims (7)
1. measuring heat of wet steam generator special for oilfields system, it is characterized in that: by flow measurement device, device for pressure measurement, temperature measuring equipment, vapour-liquid slip factor measurement mechanism and arithmetic and control unit constitute, described flow measurement device is installed in the wet steam generator water inlet, described temperature measuring equipment and device for pressure measurement are installed in the outlet of wet steam generator wet saturated steam, described vapour-liquid slip factor measurement mechanism links to each other flow measurement device by pipeline with the outlet of wet steam generator wet saturated steam, device for pressure measurement, the data output concatenation operation controller of temperature measuring equipment and vapour-liquid slip factor measurement mechanism; Vapour-liquid slip factor measurement mechanism comprises pipeline, turbulence columns and whirlpool pulsewidth sensor, described turbulence columns is installed on the center line of pipeline, described whirlpool pulsewidth sensor is installed in the downstream position that is positioned at turbulence columns in the pipeline, and turbulence columns and whirlpool pulsewidth sensor match.
2. measuring heat of wet steam generator special for oilfields as claimed in claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described flow measurement device is a singlet liquid phase stream coefficient of discharge caliberating device.
3. measuring heat of wet steam generator special for oilfields as claimed in claim 1 or 2 system, it is characterized in that: described turbulence columns has two-stage, and every grade of turbulence columns independently is furnished with a whirlpool pulsewidth sensor.
4. measuring heat of wet steam generator special for oilfields as claimed in claim 3 system, it is characterized in that: described turbulence columns is a triangular prism, and trequetrous bottom surface is positioned at the upstream, and end face is positioned at the downstream.
5. measuring heat of wet steam generator special for oilfields as claimed in claim 3 system, it is characterized in that: described arithmetic and control unit is industrial single-chip microcomputer or microprocessor.
6. measuring heat of wet steam generator special for oilfields method may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, selected turbulence columns, match obtains the empirical parameter of whirlpool pulsewidth and vapour-liquid slip ratio equation and this turbulence columns by experiment;
Step 2, usefulness vapour-liquid slip factor measurement mechanism are measured the whirlpool pulsewidth of wet steam generator steam (vapor) outlet, calculate the shared mass percent of steam, i.e. vapour-liquid slip ratio in the wet saturated steam according to the whirlpool pulsewidth;
The wet steam pressure and the wet steam temperature of step 3, measurement wet steam generator steam outlet calculate unit mass wet saturated steam heat in conjunction with the vapour-liquid slip ratio;
Step 4, measurement wet steam generator water inlet flow obtain wet steam generator outlet total amount of heat by unit mass wet saturated steam heat Calculation.
7. measuring heat of wet steam generator special for oilfields method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: the whirlpool pulsewidth of wet steam generator steam (vapor) outlet measures twice altogether in the described step 1, and whirlpool pulsewidth B value is twice a mean value.
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| CN 201010166455 CN101846559A (en) | 2010-05-10 | 2010-05-10 | System and method for measuring heat of wet steam generator special for oilfields |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114305270A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-04-12 | 广东美的厨房电器制造有限公司 | Steam generating device and steam mop with same |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US4527908A (en) * | 1983-07-07 | 1985-07-09 | Cise - Centro Informazioni Studi Esperienze S.P.A. | Instrument unit for measuring temperatures and heat flux in evaporative walls of steam generators |
| CN1055816A (en) * | 1990-04-17 | 1991-10-30 | 西安交通大学 | Throttling calorimeter for two phase flow of damp steam |
| CN201653592U (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2010-11-24 | 解永 | Special wet-steam generator heat measuring system for oilfields |
-
2010
- 2010-05-10 CN CN 201010166455 patent/CN101846559A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4527908A (en) * | 1983-07-07 | 1985-07-09 | Cise - Centro Informazioni Studi Esperienze S.P.A. | Instrument unit for measuring temperatures and heat flux in evaporative walls of steam generators |
| CN1055816A (en) * | 1990-04-17 | 1991-10-30 | 西安交通大学 | Throttling calorimeter for two phase flow of damp steam |
| CN201653592U (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2010-11-24 | 解永 | Special wet-steam generator heat measuring system for oilfields |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 《制冷》 20010630 赖学江等 湿蒸汽热量的测量系统的研究 56-59页 1-7 第20卷, 第2期 2 * |
| 《自动化仪表》 19941231 佟允宪 走出工业湿蒸汽流量测量的困惑－推广湿蒸汽热量计量 1-4页 1-7 第15卷, 第9期 2 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114305270A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-04-12 | 广东美的厨房电器制造有限公司 | Steam generating device and steam mop with same |
| CN114305270B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2023-10-27 | 广东美的厨房电器制造有限公司 | Steam generating device and steam mop with same |
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Open date: 20100929 |