CN101845642A

CN101845642A - Process for refining and purifying silver

Info

Publication number: CN101845642A
Application number: CN201010176583A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 尹建福
Original assignee: YUANTAI APPLIED MATERIALS Inc YONGXING
Current assignee: YUANTAI APPLIED MATERIALS Inc YONGXING
Priority date: 2010-05-14
Filing date: 2010-05-14
Publication date: 2010-09-29

Abstract

The invention discloses a process for refining and purifying silver, which comprises the following steps of: sampling and detecting a raw material, determining the distribution conditions of metal elements in the raw material, preparing mother solution in an electrolysis bath, adding a fixed quantity of silver into the mother solution while preparing the mother solution, and keeping the silver content between 50 and 70 percent per liter; adding a fixed quantity of acid into the mother solution, and keeping the acidity at 5 grams per liter; circulating the mother solution in the bath; smelting coarse silver into water flower silver of small and uniform granules, and regulating and controlling the output current according to the detection result of a fed material during electrolytic refining; when other valuable metal elements are increased and a single metal element exceeds the standard, purifying the mother solution; pumping the mother solution into a purification device to perform stirring, adding KOH agent into the purification device to perform reaction, putting back the upper clarified solution into the electrolysis bath, and adding a fixed quantity of acid into the electrolysis bath to use the clarified solution normally; refining a resolved electrolytic silver finished product, collecting silver powder, putting the silver powder into a centrifuge to perform cleaning, and adding diluted acid into the centrifuge according to the condition of the silver powder; and after the silver powder is cleaned by using clean water, drying the silver powder to obtain 99.995 percent electrolytic silver finished product.

Description

The processing method that the silver refining is purified

Technical field

The invention belongs to the silver refining and purify, specifically be meant the processing method that a kind of elementary silver-colored refining is purified.

Background technology

The various valuable metal elements that contain in the thick silver of regenerating are more, and content is comparatively inhomogeneous.Wherein the more valuable metal of content includes: Fe, Ca, Pd, Ni, Zn etc., the content of this class low level metal in thick silver is higher, relatively good management and control when refining is purified.Another kind of is the low rare precious metal of content, includes: Pd, Sb, Se, Te, Bi etc., and the content of this metalloid element is very rare, but because of its characteristic of elements, the influence to the refined product quality in electrorefining is purified production is very big, also difficult to govern control.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of different potentials attribute by metallic element, in media liquid, the differing appearance behavior of Haas electric current is carried out that thick silver-colored primary raw materials is carried out refining by the metallic element ion and purify a kind of degree of depth purification process of the valuable metal material that is contained in the separation of Silver.

In order to achieve the above object, concrete processing method of the present invention is as follows;

At first, determine to contain in the raw material distribution situation of metallic element, in electrolyzer, prepare mother liquor, add quantitative silver during the preparation of mother liquor the detection of taking a sample of former material; To improve the silver ion content in the mother liquor, silver content remains on 50%-70%/L; Add quantitative acid, to improve free acid content in the mother liquor, acidity remains on 5g/L; The ON cycle system allows mother liquor circulate in groove after deployed; Thick silver is smelted into the little and uniform spray silver of particle, promptly drops into electrorefining in the electrolyzer, when electrorefining, outward current is regulated and control according to the detected result of throwing material; Be voltage control electric current or electric current control voltage; Adjustment enters the galvanic current in the groove; Along with the lengthening of life cycle, other valuable metal elements in the mother liquor also increase, and when exceeding standard if any single metallic element, just need carry out purifying treatment to mother liquor; Stirring in the mother liquor suction refining plant, add the reaction of KOH medicament, other metals of the major part in its mother liquor generate silver suboxide postprecipitations, and supernatant liquid can be put back to and add quantitative acid in the electrolyzer and just can normally use; The finished product electrolytic silver silver powder that refining parses collects, and puts into whizzer and cleans, and the situation according to silver powder during cleaning adds diluted acid; Add boiling water and clean the back drying, obtain 99.995% finished product electrolytic silver powder.

The silver suboxide that purify to produce in electrorefining production adds to contain and is made into silver soil after the reaction of CL ionic medicament generates AgCL, is smelted into spray silver and drops into electrolysis in the electrolyzer; The waste water adding that produces when cleaning contains the reaction of CL ionic medicament and generates the AgCL precipitation, takes out AgCL and is made into silver-colored soil, is smelted into spray silver and drops into electrolysis in the electrolyzer.

Adopt the processing method of invention, on the refining of thick silver is purified, purified finished product electrolytic silver powder reach 99.995% high-quality; And institute is a small amount of argentiferous waste material of generation in refining purify to be produced; Silver-containing waste water can return in the refining production link by recovery method; Other metals then are discharged into liquid waste treatment system, also can all reclaim.

Description of drawings

The processing method process flow sheet that accompanying drawing is purified for the refining of the present invention's silver.

Embodiment

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing: at first thick silver sampling detects, and grasps the amount of other metallic elements in the material; The deployed mother liquor that is used for electrorefining is held the content of silver ions in the mother liquor, the acidity of mother liquor during the mother liquor preparation; Handle ionic content etc. in the mother liquor; Melted spray silver is dropped into electrolysis in the electrolyzer, adjust the electric current way of output of rectifier during electrolysis according to detected result; Electric current control voltage or voltage control electric current are controlled the parsing quality and the speed of silver ions; Mother liquor generation heat causes the acid volatilization in the mother liquor during because of production, adds the suitable electrorefining demand of content that quantitative acid guarantees free acid in the mother liquor; The increase of mother liquor duration of service, other metallic elements in its mother liquor also increase, if there is single-element to exceed standard, mother liquor just needs purifying treatment, add KOH medicament stirring reaction during mother liquor purification, precipitate upper strata, limpid back liquid and return in the electrolyzer, add quantitative acid and just can use; The silver suboxide that is settled out adds the medicament reaction generation AgCL that contains CL after adding the acid dissolving, and AgCL is made into silver soil, is smelted into spray silver and drops into electrorefining in the electrolyzer; Put into whizzer after the finished product electrolytic silver powder produced is collected and clean, with pure water clean to repeatedly do not have a nitrate radical till, dewatered and washed obtains 99.995% finished product electrolytic silver powder; The waste water that produces during cleaning adds and contains CL ionic medicament reaction generation AgCL precipitation., AgCL is made into silver soil, be smelted into electrorefining in the spray silver input electrolyzer.

Claims

1. processing method that silver-colored refining is purified is characterized in that concrete processing method is: at first the detection of taking a sample of former material, determine to contain in the raw material distribution situation of metallic element; Prepare mother liquor in electrolyzer, add quantitative silver during the preparation of mother liquor, to improve the silver ion content in the mother liquor, silver content remains on 50%-70%/L; Add quantitative acid, to improve free acid content in the mother liquor, acidity remains on 5g/L; The ON cycle system allows mother liquor circulate in groove after deployed; Thick silver is smelted into the little and uniform spray silver of particle, promptly drops into electrorefining in the electrolyzer, when electrorefining, outward current is regulated and control according to the detected result of throwing material; Be voltage control electric current or electric current control voltage; Adjustment enters the galvanic current in the groove; Along with the lengthening of life cycle, other valuable metal elements in the mother liquor also increase, and when exceeding standard if any single metallic element, just need carry out purifying treatment to mother liquor; Stirring in the mother liquor suction refining plant, add the reaction of KOH medicament, other metals of the major part in its mother liquor generate silver suboxide postprecipitations, and supernatant liquid can be put back to and add quantitative acid in the electrolyzer and just can normally use; The finished product electrolytic silver silver powder that refining parses collects, and puts into whizzer and cleans, and the situation according to silver powder during cleaning adds diluted acid; Add boiling water and clean the back drying, obtain 99.995% finished product electrolytic silver powder.

2. the processing method of purifying according to the described silver-colored refining of claim 1 is characterized in that: purify the silver suboxide that produces and add to contain and be made into silver soil after the reaction of CL ionic medicament generates AgCL in electrorefining production, be smelted into spray silver and drop into electrolysis in the electrolyzer; The waste water adding that produces when cleaning contains the reaction of CL ionic medicament and generates the AgCL precipitation, takes out AgCL and is made into silver-colored soil, is smelted into spray silver and drops into electrolysis in the electrolyzer.