CN101842726B - 包括具有光滑顶部的棱镜的导光板 - Google Patents

包括具有光滑顶部的棱镜的导光板 Download PDF

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CN101842726B
CN101842726B CN2007801013882A CN200780101388A CN101842726B CN 101842726 B CN101842726 B CN 101842726B CN 2007801013882 A CN2007801013882 A CN 2007801013882A CN 200780101388 A CN200780101388 A CN 200780101388A CN 101842726 B CN101842726 B CN 101842726B
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prism
light
lgp
guide plate
light guide
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CN101842726A (zh
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金载翰
金万硕
郑伍溶
池哲求
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HB TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
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Cheil Industries Inc
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/04Prisms
    • G02B5/045Prism arrays
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0205Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
    • G02B5/021Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures
    • G02B5/0231Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures the surface having microprismatic or micropyramidal shape
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/00362-D arrangement of prisms, protrusions, indentations or roughened surfaces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/0045Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it by shaping at least a portion of the light guide
    • G02B6/0046Tapered light guide, e.g. wedge-shaped light guide
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0053Prismatic sheet or layer; Brightness enhancement element, sheet or layer
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0058Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide varying in density, size, shape or depth along the light guide
    • G02B6/0061Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide varying in density, size, shape or depth along the light guide to provide homogeneous light output intensity
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133611Direct backlight including means for improving the brightness uniformity
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133615Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/0038Linear indentations or grooves, e.g. arc-shaped grooves or meandering grooves, extending over the full length or width of the light guide

Abstract

提供一种用于液晶显示装置背光单元的棱镜导光板,更具体地说,提供一种包括具有光滑顶部的棱镜的导光板,该棱镜位于导光板的前表面或后表面,以提高产品的生产率和可靠性。导光板包括:主体,包括侧表面以及与所述侧表面相连的前表面和后表面,光入射到所述侧表面上,光从所述前表面和后表面上出射;以及位于所述前表面或所述后表面上的多个棱镜,其中各个棱镜都具有圆形拐角,两个斜面在该圆形拐角处相交,或者各个棱镜具有光滑顶部,该顶部在顶面具有平坦表面,两个斜面在该平坦表面相交。

Description

包括具有光滑顶部的棱镜的导光板
技术领域
本发明涉及用于液晶显示装置背光单元的棱镜导光板,更具体地说,涉及具有光滑顶部的棱镜的导光板,该棱镜位于导光板的前表面或后表面,以用于提高产品的生产率和可靠性。
背景技术
通常,液晶显示(下文中简称为“LCD”)装置是指通过向布置在两个玻璃基板之间的液晶施加电场来显示数字或图像的装置,其中液晶由具有介于液态和固态之间的中间相的材料制成。
由于LCD装置不是自发光装置,因此它必须具有背光单元作为光源来产生光。通过在液晶被均匀排列的液晶面板中调节背光单元所产生的光的透射率的方式,图像被显示出来。
图8是示出传统LCD装置的背光单元的分解立体图。
如图8所示,传统LCD背光单元包括光源61、反射板62、导光板63、扩散片64、棱镜片65以及保护片66。
光源61用于初始在LCD装置中发出光。尽管可以使用各种类型的光源61,但LCD装置通常采用具有低功耗且发出高亮度白光的冷阴极荧光灯(CCFL)作为光源61。
导光板63位于LCD面板的下方且靠近光源61的一侧。导光板63用于将光源61产生的聚光转换成平面光,然后将该平面光向前投射到LCD面板上。
反射板62位于导光板63的后侧上。反射板62用于将光源61发出的光反射到布置在反射板62前面的LCD面板69。
扩散片64位于导光板63的前侧上。扩散片64用于将穿过导光板63的光均匀化。
当光穿过扩散片64时,光会沿着水平方向和垂直方向扩散,并且亮度迅速降低。在这点上,棱镜片65用于折射并集中光,从而增强亮度。
保护片66位于棱镜片65的上方。保护片66用于防止棱镜片65上出现刮痕,并防止在使用沿垂直方向和水平方向排列成两层的棱镜片65时发生波纹(Moire)效应。
如图8所示,光源61通常位于背光单元60的一个边缘。结果,光并不是均匀地透射通过该单元的整个表面,而是该单元的边缘往往比该背光单元的其他任何部分要亮。为了防止这种现象,使用了导光板63。导光板通常由透明丙烯酸树脂制成,透明丙烯酸树脂由于其高强度而不易破裂,并具有抗变形性。导光板的特征在于其重量轻和对可见光的高透射率。
换句话说,导光板63用于使光源61发出的光均匀地投射到导光板63的整个表面。然而,在实践中,在背光单元60被拆卸且光被允许从位于导光板63一侧的光源61发出的情况下,光并不均匀地投射到导光板63的整个表面,而是集中在导光板63的两端上。这是因为导光板63将来自光源61的光导引至导光板63的相对侧。
因此,导光板63的后表面经过特殊处理,以使光在导光板63上散反射,从而使得光能够透射通过导光板63的整个表面。具体来说,导光板63的后表面形成有凸/凹图案,所述凸/凹图案具有在考虑离光源61的距离等的情况下而设计的预定形状。当凸/凹图案形成在导光板63的后表面上时,具有较高亮度和均匀性的平面光被发射通过液晶显示装置的导光面板的整个表面。
凸/凹图案的一个实例是棱镜形。这种棱镜导光板通过制备对应图案的模型而后通过注射成型或热压而制成。然而,在制造过程中,这种具有尖角形状的棱镜会导致很多缺陷。为了解决这些缺陷,已经采用了很多方法来改进该制造过程。
另外,由于棱镜的形状奇特,当该产品被用作背光单元时,可能会存在因棱镜的尖的顶部与接触棱镜的片进行摩擦而导致棱镜破裂或片被磨碎的问题。
发明内容
[技术问题]
因此,鉴于以上问题已作出本发明,本发明的目的在于提供一种用于制造棱镜导光板的方法,所述方法通过将棱镜的边缘圆化或去角至不使亮度大幅下降的程度,从而增加以与传统生产方法相同的方式生产的产品的生产率,并提高该产品的可靠性。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种根据本发明的LCD装置的包括导光板的背光单元。
[技术方案]
根据本发明的一个方面,以上及其他目的可通过提供如下的具有光滑顶部的棱镜的导光板来实现,所述导光板包括:主体,包括侧表面以及与侧表面相连的前表面和后表面,光入射到该侧表面上,光从前表面和后表面上出射;以及位于前表面或后表面上的多个棱镜,其中各个棱镜均具有圆形拐角,两个斜面在该圆形拐角处相交,或者各个棱镜具有位于顶部的平坦表面,两个斜面在该平坦表面相交。
[有益效果]
根据本发明的用于LCD装置的棱镜导光板与具有锐边的三角棱镜的传统导光板相比,具有亮度未降低且生产率和可靠性得到提高的效果。
附图说明
从以下结合附图的详细描述中,本发明的以上及其他目的、特点和其他优势将变得更加容易理解,在附图中:
图1是示出根据本发明的包括具有光滑顶部的棱镜的导光板的后表面的立体图;
图2是示出根据本发明第一优选实施例的均具有光滑顶部的多个棱镜的剖面图;
图3是示出根据本发明第二优选实施例的均具有光滑顶部的多个棱镜的剖面图;
图4是示出根据本发明第三优选实施例的均具有光滑顶部的多个棱镜的剖面图;
图5是示出穿过棱镜的光的量的分布和累积分布的图;
图6是列出图5中的图的部分数据的表格;
图7是根据本发明实施例的比较正面亮度(frontal brightness)的图;以及
图8是示出传统LCD装置的背光单元的分解立体图。
具体实施方式
本发明致力于一种具有光滑顶部的棱镜的导光板,该导光板包括:主体,包括侧表面以及与侧表面相连的前表面和后表面,光入射到该侧表面上,光从前表面和后表面上出射;以及位于前表面或后表面上的多个棱镜,其中各个棱镜具有圆形拐角,两个斜面在该圆形拐角处相交,或者各个棱镜在顶部具有平坦表面,两个斜面在该平坦表面相交。
[实施例]
现在将参照附图详细描述根据本发明的具有光滑顶部的棱镜的导光板的优选实施例。
应当注意,为了清楚,构成本发明的部件的尺寸在附图中被放大。
进一步,在说明书中使用的术语是考虑到本发明的功能而被限定的。因此,应当预期到,这些术语可根据使用者或操作者的使用而改变。
因此,限定应当基于本发明的整个公开内容。
图1是示出根据本发明的具有光滑顶部的棱镜的导光板的后表面的立体图。
参照图1,导光板的主体100包括光入射到其上的相对的侧表面101、连接到侧表面101且与LCD面板相对布置的前表面103以及连接到侧表面101且与前表面103相对布置的后表面105。
通常,术语“侧表面101”表示物体的侧表面。不过在本申请文件中,侧表面101被限定为从光源106发出的光入射到的表面。因此,侧表面101对应于分别布置在与光源106相邻的位置处的两个表面101,如图1所示。
后表面105在与光源的纵向平行的纵向上具有多个主棱镜110。后表面105在与主棱镜垂直的方向上也具有多个副棱镜(未示出)。可根据导光板所需的特性来可选地提供副棱镜(未示出)。因此,存在仅具有主棱镜的情况。
如上所述,导光板具有位于后表面或前表面上的多个棱镜。主棱镜、副棱镜或前棱镜中的各个棱镜通常都具有三角形的横截面。
本发明并不涉及位于导光板上的主棱镜、副棱镜或前棱镜的排列,但涉及与所有这些棱镜相对应的特定横截面形状。因此,上述棱镜统称为棱镜,下面将描述它们特定的横截面结构。
图2是示出根据本发明第一优选实施例的均具有光滑顶部的多个棱镜的剖面图。
参照图2,根据本发明第一实施例的棱镜200的特征在于在顶部205处具有圆形顶面。
保持两个斜面202和204相交处的顶部205的顶面具有锐边对于光学性能可能是有利的。然而,由于棱镜是以几十微米到几百微米的细微尺寸被制造的,因此难以将具有细微尺寸的棱镜顶部205制造成具有锐边。
也就是说,由于不能形成均匀的顶部205而产生许多缺陷。另外,即便可以形成尖顶,也会存在顶面容易被损坏的问题。
棱镜200通过热压或注射成型而制成。此时,顶面可能会在变形期间被损坏,也可能由于与其他片摩擦而破裂或被其他片磨损。
本发明具有如图2所示的圆形顶面以防止顶面被损坏,并具有减少在制造期间产生的缺陷的效果。
优选地,光滑顶部205的高度(H1)被形成为比圆化处理之前的三角形的高度(H2)小1/30到1/2。
当高度减少得小于1/30时,不能通过圆化处理实现防止缺陷的效果。另一方面,当高度减少得大于1/2时,棱镜的光学性能降低。
图3是示出根据本发明第二优选实施例的均具有光滑顶部的多个棱镜的剖面图。
如图3所示,根据本发明第二优选实施例的棱镜300的特征在于具有去角的顶部305。也就是说,顶部的顶面具有切口形的平坦表面306。顶部并非在制造棱镜的过程中被去角,而是利用模型或热压被处理成切口形。
与本发明第一优选实施例中的相同,顶部305具有平坦表面306以防止对顶端的损坏,因此具有与第一优选实施例相同的效果。
优选地,由于形成平坦表面306而降低的棱镜高度(H4-H3)被限制在棱镜高度的1/30到1/2的范围内。
图4示出根据本发明第三优选实施例的均具有光滑顶部的多个棱镜的剖面图。
第三优选实施例是对第二优选实施例的修改。在这点上,根据本发明第三优选实施例的棱镜300的特征在于将平坦表面306与两个斜面302、304相交处的拐角圆化。这是因为当平坦表面306与两个表面302、304相交以再次形成锐角时,这些拐角产生缺陷的可能性较高。
图5是示出穿过棱镜后表面中单位位置的光的量的分布的图,该分布是离棱镜顶部的累积距离的分布的函数。
x轴表示从棱镜顶部开始被分成100等份的棱镜的斜面。这里,图的左边指的是顶部,图的右边指的是棱镜的底部。在每个位置的光的量是指穿过通过将斜面分成100等份而获得的各个单位位置的光的量。光的累积量是指根据从顶部开始的累积距离的光的累积量。
图6是列出根据棱镜高度的光的累积量的部分数据的表格。穿过棱镜高度的约10%的光的累积量为约7.5%。因此,当棱镜的这10%被磨圆时,约7.5%的出射亮度被降低。
比较例和实验例
典型传统的具有尖顶的棱镜(比较例)和本发明的具有去角顶部的棱镜(实验例)已被制造,并且它们的亮度被测量以用于进行比较。
比较例和实验例的棱镜分别都具有82°的顶角和50μm的间距。在比较例和实验例中,导光板的前表面上设置相同的前棱镜。另外,实验例的棱镜具有被圆化到具有3μm的弯曲半径的顶部。
图7是示出传统导光板(比较例)和根据本发明的导光板(实验例)的亮度测量结果的图。
如图7所示,与比较例的导光板相比,实验例的导光板示出近似相同的亮度分布,且平均亮度降低约7%。尽管亮度降低不显著,但是由于具有尖顶而导致的问题能够被解决,从而提高生产率和可靠性。
尽管出于例示的目的已经公开了本发明的优选实施例,但是本领域技术人员将意识到,在不偏离如所附权利要求所公开的本发明的精神和范围的情况下,可进行各种修改、增加和替换。

Claims (5)

1.一种导光板,包括:
主体,包括侧表面以及与所述侧表面相连的前表面和后表面,光入射到所述侧表面上,光从所述前表面和后表面上出射;以及
多个棱镜,位于所述前表面或所述后表面上,
其中各个棱镜具有圆形顶部,两个斜面在所述圆形顶部相交;并且
其中所述棱镜的高度比被测量到所述两个斜面的延长线相交点的高度小1/30到1/2。
2.一种导光板,包括:
主体,包括侧表面以及与所述侧表面相连的前表面和后表面,光入射到所述侧表面上,光从所述前表面和后表面上出射;以及
多个棱镜,位于所述前表面或所述后表面上,
其中各个棱镜在顶部具有平坦表面,两个斜面在所述平坦表面相交;并且
其中所述棱镜的高度比被测量到所述两个斜面的延长线相交点的高度小1/30到1/2。
3.根据权利要求2所述的导光板,其中所述顶部具有圆形拐角,所述两个斜面和所述平坦表面在所述圆形拐角处相交。
4.一种背光单元,包括根据权利要求1或2所述的导光板。
5.一种液晶显示装置,包括根据权利要求4所述的背光单元。
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