CN101841860A - Load balancing method and base station - Google Patents
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention relates to the communication technique, and discloses a load balancing method and a base station. The load balancing method comprises the following steps of: acquiring resources to be provided and residual resources at the local end; judging whether the difference of the residual resources and the resources to be provided is less than the preset first resource threshold or not, and if so, transmitting bandwidth borrowing request information to a second base station; receiving the bandwidth borrowing request information transmitted by the second base station, wherein the information carries the loaning frequency spectrum of the second station; and scheduling a user to the loan frequency spectrum. The embodiment of the invention also provides a relevant base station and a communication system. The embodiment of the invention can realize that a user does not need to be migrated under the condition of the insufficient resources of the service base station, also ensure the business service quality of the service base station for the user and avoid the problem that the load balancing method in the prior art has poor service quality due to the migration of the user.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a load balancing method and a base station.
Background
The principle of load balancing in the existing communication system is as follows: and migrating the user from the base station with high load to the base station with low load. For example, when a new user accesses the network, if the remaining resources of the base station are smaller than the resources that need to be newly provided for the new user, the base station may migrate the new user to a neighboring base station with a low load.
In the course of research and practice on the prior art, the inventor of the present invention found that, in general, a user is closer to a base station where the user is located before migration, and is farther from the base station where the user is located after migration, which results in a signal quality after the user migration being worse than that before the migration.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a load balancing method and a base station.
The embodiment of the invention provides a load balancing method, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that a first base station acquires resources required to be provided by the first base station and residual resources when a new user accesses the first base station; if the difference between the residual resources and the resources required to be provided is smaller than a preset first resource threshold, the first base station sends a bandwidth borrowing request message to the second base station; the first base station receives a bandwidth borrowing confirmation message sent by the second base station, wherein the message carries a borrowed frequency spectrum of the second base station; and the first base station schedules the new user to the frequency spectrum borrowed by the second base station.
The embodiment of the invention provides a load balancing method, which comprises the following steps: the second base station receives a bandwidth borrowing request message sent by the first base station; and if the second base station has idle frequency spectrum, the second base station sends a borrowed bandwidth confirmation message to the first base station, wherein the borrowed bandwidth confirmation message comprises the borrowed frequency spectrum.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a base station, including: the first acquisition module is used for acquiring resources required to be provided and residual resources when a new user accesses; the judging module is used for judging whether the difference between the residual resources and the resources required to be provided is smaller than a preset first resource threshold, and if so, the sending module is triggered to execute the relevant operation; a sending module, configured to send a bandwidth borrowing request message to a second base station; a receiving module, configured to receive a bandwidth borrowing acknowledgement message sent by a second base station, where the bandwidth borrowing acknowledgement message carries a frequency spectrum borrowed by the second base station; and the scheduling module is used for scheduling the new user to the frequency spectrum borrowed by the second base station.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a base station, including: a receiving module, configured to receive a bandwidth borrowing request message sent by a first base station; the judging module is used for judging whether the local terminal has an idle frequency spectrum or not, and if so, the acquiring module is triggered to execute relevant operation; the acquisition module is used for acquiring the idle frequency spectrum of the local terminal as a borrowed frequency spectrum; and the sending module is used for sending a borrowed bandwidth confirmation message to the first base station, wherein the message carries the borrowed frequency spectrum.
From the above technical solutions, compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the embodiment of the invention, when a new user accesses, if the difference between the remaining resource and the resource required to be provided is smaller than the preset first resource threshold, the first base station borrows the bandwidth from the second base station and schedules the new user to the frequency spectrum borrowed by the second base station, so that the service quality of the user of the first base station can be ensured without transferring the user to other base stations under the condition that the resource of the first base station is not enough, and the problem of poor quality of the user due to transfer in the load balancing method in the prior art can be avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive labor.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a load balancing method in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of another embodiment of a load balancing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a load balancing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating another embodiment of a load balancing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of one embodiment of a base station in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a base station in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a communication system in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an interaction scenario between the serving base station and the partner base station in the embodiment shown in fig. 7.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention provides a load balancing method, a base station and a communication system. The following are detailed below.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of a load balancing method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
101. the method comprises the steps that a first base station acquires resources required to be provided by the first base station and residual resources when a new user accesses the first base station;
for convenience of description, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first base station is also referred to as a serving base station; the resource may be a subchannel resource, a bandwidth resource, or other scheduling resource.
The resources required to be provided are the resources required by the service of the user newly accessed currently. When a new user accesses, the serving base station may obtain a Quality of service (QoS) parameter of the user, for example, a maximum transmission rate, from the core network side, and calculate a resource required by the service of the user newly accessing the base station according to the QoS parameter.
In the following, a specific example is described to describe a method for calculating the subchannel resources required by the service of the user according to the maximum transmission rate:
assume that in a Worldwide Interoperability for microwave Access (WiMAX) system, the system parameters are as follows: the frequency spectrum bandwidth is 10MHz, the frame length is 5ms (200 frames per second), the uplink and downlink adopt time division duplex, the ratio of the downlink subframe to the uplink subframe is 32: 15, that is, the symbol (symbol) of the downlink subframe is 32 symbols, the symbol of the uplink subframe is 15 symbols, the downlink subcarrier replacement mode is a partial usage subchannel mode (PUSC), in this way, the downlink frequency domain is divided into 30 subchannels, each subchannel of the downlink subframe includes 15 slots (Slot), wherein, the service transmission occupies 13 slots, and the resource allocation occupies 2 slots (each Slot of each subchannel includes 24 data subcarriers in the frequency domain, and includes 2 symbols in the time domain).
In the WiMAX system, the scheduling type of the downlink traffic flow of a certain user is best effort be (best effort), and the maximum transmission rate is 2048 Kbit/s. If the modulation scheme of the user traffic stream is 64 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) 1/2, i.e., (power 6 of 2) 64QAM, and the coding efficiency is 1/2, then the number of transmission bits per slot in this scheduling scheme is:
6×1/2×24×2＝144bit，
where 1/2 is the coding efficiency mentioned above, 24 is the number of data subcarriers in the frequency domain per slot of each subchannel, and 2 is the number of symbols in the time domain per slot of each subchannel. The time slots required to be allocated to the user service flow per frame are as follows:
2048/(200×144)＝73Slot，
where 200 is the number of frames per second. The frequency domain resources occupied by 73 slots under the PUSC are as follows:
73/13 being 6 sub-channels,
wherein 13 is the number of time slots occupied by the service transmission in each subchannel. Therefore, the downlink traffic flow of the user needs 6 subchannel resources.
The remaining resources of the serving base station are the total resources of the serving base station minus the allocated resources. It can be understood that, when the serving base station does not have any terminal access, the remaining resources of the serving base station are all the resources of the serving base station.
102. The first base station judges whether the difference between the remaining resources and the resources to be provided is smaller than a preset first resource threshold, if so, step 103 is executed, otherwise, step 107 is executed;
the first resource threshold is a redundant resource of the serving base station, for example, the serving base station may reserve a certain percentage of resources as the redundant resource, where the percentage may be 5%, 10%, or the like.
103. The first base station acquires information of the second base station;
the second base station may borrow its bandwidth to the serving base station. In the embodiment of the present invention, for convenience of description, the second base station is also referred to as a partner base station to which the serving base station may borrow bandwidth. And when the value obtained by subtracting the resource to be provided from the residual resource of the serving base station is smaller than the first resource threshold, the serving base station acquires the information of the partner base station so as to borrow the bandwidth from the partner base station.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the capability of supporting the mutual loan relationship of resources such as a bandwidth spectrum is referred to as a partnership capability. The manager may configure the information of the partner base station on the serving base station in advance, that is, configure the partnership between the base stations with the capability of establishing the partnership, and in this case, step 103 may be omitted.
Or, without pre-configuration, obtaining the information of the partner base station of the serving base station by sending a specific protocol packet may specifically include: and the service base station sends a partnership establishment request message (MakeFriend _ Req) to the neighbor base station, and if a partnership establishment confirmation message (MakeFriend _ Ack) returned by the neighbor base station is received, the neighbor base station is used as the partnership of the service base station.
104. Sending a borrowing bandwidth request message to a second base station;
protocol messages dedicated to borrowing bandwidth may be defined, for example, Borrow bandwidth request messages (Bornow _ Req), Borrow bandwidth acknowledgement messages (Bornow _ Rsp).
After step 103, before step 104, the serving base station may further use the sum of the difference between the resource to be provided and the currently remaining resource and the first resource threshold as the resource to be borrowed; taking the product of the resource to be borrowed and the bandwidth corresponding to the unit resource as the amount of the bandwidth to be borrowed, wherein the borrowed bandwidth request message in step 104 carries the amount of the bandwidth to be borrowed.
Optionally, if the borrowed bandwidth request message carries the number of bandwidths that the serving base station needs to borrow, the partner base station may determine whether the number of the loaned bandwidths is greater than the number of bandwidths that need to borrow after receiving the borrowed bandwidth request message, and if so, send a borrowed bandwidth confirmation message to the serving base station with the idle frequency spectrum of the partner base station as the borrowed frequency spectrum, where the message carries the borrowed frequency spectrum.
105. Receiving a bandwidth borrowing confirmation message sent by the second base station, wherein the message carries the frequency spectrum borrowed by the second base station;
after receiving the borrowed bandwidth request message, the partner base station carries its own vacant spectrum, for example, a spectrum from 10MHz to 15MHz, as a borrowed spectrum in the borrowed bandwidth confirmation message, and sends it to the serving base station. Optionally, the partner base station may use all the idle frequency spectrums as the borrowed frequency spectrums, or may use the idle frequency spectrums corresponding to the amount of the bandwidth that the serving base station needs to borrow as the borrowed frequency spectrums.
106. Scheduling the new user to the frequency spectrum borrowed by the second base station;
in this embodiment, when it is determined that the difference between the remaining resources and the resources that need to be provided is smaller than the preset first resource threshold, the spectrum resources are not allocated to the newly accessed user, and after steps 103 to 105 are executed to borrow the spectrum, the newly accessed user is scheduled to the spectrum borrowed by the partner base station.
After the spectrum borrowed by the partner base station is acquired, more than one new carrier can be established by directly using the borrowed spectrum (the number of the new carriers can be determined according to the size of the borrowed spectrum), and the user is scheduled to the new carriers.
After the spectrum borrowed by the partner base station is obtained, whether the borrowed spectrum is continuous with the spectrum used by the service base station or not can be judged, if not, more than one new carrier is established by using the borrowed spectrum, the user is scheduled to the new carrier, and if the borrowed spectrum is continuous, the borrowed spectrum is added to the carrier used, and the user is scheduled to the carrier.
In step 103, if the serving base station acquires a plurality of partner base stations, the serving base station may send the borrowing bandwidth request message to each partner base station in a certain order in step 104. After the user is scheduled to the spectrum borrowed by the first partner base station in step 106, steps 101 and 102 may be repeatedly performed, and if it is determined that the difference between the currently remaining resources and the resources to be provided is still smaller than the preset first resource threshold, a bandwidth borrowing request message is sent to the second partner base station.
It can be understood that, after the serving base station uses the spectrum borrowed by the first partner base station, if it is determined that the difference between the currently remaining resources and the resources to be provided is still smaller than the preset first resource threshold, the serving base station may also migrate the user to the base station with low load according to the prior art.
For example, when the user a accesses the service base station, if the service base station can only provide the bandwidth of 2MHz for the user a, the bandwidth of 2MHz is allocated to the user a. It is understood that if the borrowed spectrum is surplus after the serving base station schedules the new user to the spectrum borrowed by the partner base station, the serving base station may also schedule the user (such as the user a) that has been allocated with resources but whose service quality is not sufficiently satisfied to the spectrum borrowed by the partner base station.
107. The new user is scheduled on the existing spectrum of the first base station.
If the service base station judges that the difference between the remaining resources and the resources required to be provided is not less than the preset first resource threshold, the service base station indicates that the remaining resources of the service base station are enough to meet the business requirements of the new user, the frequency spectrum does not need to be borrowed from the partner base station, and the service base station can schedule the new user to the existing frequency spectrum of the service base station according to the normal flow.
In this embodiment, when a new user accesses, if a difference between a remaining resource and a resource to be provided is smaller than a preset first resource threshold, the first base station borrows a bandwidth from the second base station, and schedules the new user to a second borrowed spectrum, so that when the resource of the serving base station is not enough, the user does not need to be migrated to another base station, the service quality of the service of the user of the first base station can be ensured, and the problem of poor quality of the user due to migration in the load balancing method in the prior art can be avoided.
The embodiment shown in fig. 1 illustrates the load balancing method in the embodiment of the present invention from the serving base station side, and is described below from the partner base station side. For convenience of description, the first base station is hereinafter referred to as a serving base station, and the second base station is hereinafter referred to as a partner base station.
Referring to fig. 2, another embodiment of the load balancing method according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
201. a partner base station receives a bandwidth borrowing request message sent by a service base station;
optionally, the bandwidth request message may carry an amount of bandwidth that the serving base station needs to borrow.
202. The partner base station judges whether an idle frequency spectrum exists on the partner base station, if so, step 203 is executed, otherwise, the operation is ended;
the free spectrum is the spectrum on the partner base station that is not being used by the user. For example, whether the partner base station has an idle spectrum may be determined by determining whether the resource utilization of the partner base station reaches a preset threshold, because the base station records its own resource utilization in real time.
If the partner base station determines that there is a free spectrum, step 203 is executed.
If the partner base station judges that no idle frequency spectrum exists, the operation can be ended, and the serving base station does not receive the confirmation message of the partner base station within a certain time, the situation that no idle frequency spectrum exists in the partner base station is determined to be available; alternatively, the partner base station may also send an acknowledgement message to the serving base station when determining that there is no free spectrum, so as to inform the serving base station that there is no free spectrum available for the partner base station.
203. The partner base station acquires an idle frequency spectrum as a borrowed frequency spectrum;
the partner base station can directly acquire the idle frequency spectrum as the loaned frequency spectrum; or after the spectrum used by the online users is centralized, acquiring the idle spectrum as the loaned spectrum.
For example, if the base station of the partner has 1 carrier, the frequency point is 2590MHz, and the bandwidth is 10MHz, the frequency spectrum range that the base station of the partner can use is 2585MHz to 2595 MHz. If the spectrum used by the online user is 2585MHz to 2588MHz and 2590MHz to 2592MHz, the partner base station may directly use the vacant spectrum 2588MHz to 2590MHz and 2592MHz to 2595MHz as the loaned spectrum, or may first collect the spectrum used by the online user, for example, schedule the user using 2590MHz to 2592MHz to 2588MHz, and then use the vacant spectrum 2590MHz to 2595MHz as the loaned spectrum.
Optionally, the partner base station may use all the idle frequency spectrums as the borrowed frequency spectrums, or may use the idle frequency spectrums corresponding to the amount of the bandwidth that the serving base station needs to borrow as the borrowed frequency spectrums. It can be appreciated that the spectrum segments of the spectrum that are obtained as vacant after concentrating the spectrum used by the online users are longer.
204. And sending a borrowed bandwidth confirmation message to the service base station, wherein the message carries the borrowed frequency spectrum.
The borrowed bandwidth confirmation message carries the borrowed spectrum, e.g., 2590MHz to 2595MHz, to indicate that the serving base station may schedule users on these borrowed spectrum.
Optionally, if the borrowing bandwidth request message carries the bandwidth quantity that the serving base station needs to borrow, the partner base station may further determine whether the loaned bandwidth quantity is greater than the bandwidth quantity that needs to borrow after receiving the borrowing bandwidth request message, if so, step 203 is executed, otherwise, the spectrum may not be loaned, and the operation is ended.
In this embodiment, after receiving the borrowing bandwidth request message, the partner base station acquires the idle frequency spectrum of the partner base station as a borrowed frequency spectrum, and sends the borrowed frequency spectrum to the service base station, so that the service base station can schedule a new user to which a frequency spectrum resource has not been allocated on the borrowed frequency spectrum, thereby implementing that the service base station does not migrate the user to other base stations under the condition that the resource of the service base station is not enough, ensuring the service quality of the user, and avoiding the problem that the quality of the user is poor due to the migration in the load balancing method in the prior art.
Since even if the spectrum used by the online users is concentrated, the spectrum section of the idle spectrum of the partner base station may not be enough for one user, and at this time, the serving base station cannot directly use the borrowed spectrum of the partner base station, and can only use the borrowed spectrum of other partner base stations. In view of this situation, referring to fig. 3, another embodiment of the load balancing method according to the present invention includes:
301. a partner base station receives a bandwidth borrowing request message sent by a service base station;
step 301 is similar to step 201.
302. The partner base station judges whether the partner base station has an idle frequency spectrum, if so, the step 303 is executed, otherwise, the operation is ended;
step 302 is similar to step 202.
303. The partner base station acquires the residual resources of the partner base station;
the residual resource of the partner base station is the total resource of the partner base station minus the allocated resource. It can be understood that when the partner base station does not have any terminal access, the remaining resources of the partner base station are all the resources of the partner base station.
304. Taking the difference between the residual resources of the partner base station and a preset second resource threshold as the loanable resources;
the second resource threshold is a redundant resource of the partner base station.
305. Taking the product of the loanable resource and the bandwidth corresponding to the unit resource as the loanable bandwidth quantity;
the unit resource here corresponds to the bandwidth of the partner base station. Generally, the unit resource of different base stations corresponds to different bandwidths.
For example, the partner base station has allocated 20 subchannel resources, the total subchannel resources are 33 subchannel resources, and the preset second resource threshold is 3 subchannel resources, then the remaining subchannel resources of the partner base station are 13 subchannel resources, and the loaned subchannel resources are 13-3 — 10 subchannel resources; assuming that the bandwidth corresponding to the unit sub-channel resource of the local terminal is 0.3MHz, the amount of the bandwidth that can be lent by the partner base station is 10 × 0.3 — 3 MHz.
306. The partner base station judges whether the amount of the loaned bandwidth is larger than the preset minimum amount of the bandwidth, if so, the step 307 is executed, otherwise, the operation is ended;
the preset minimum bandwidth amount may be determined according to at least the required bandwidth amount of one user.
After determining that there is a free spectrum, the partner base station performs steps 303 to 306 to determine that the free spectrum of the partner base station is enough for one user to use after concentrating the spectrum used by the online users, so as not to cause the serving base station to splice the spectrum borrowed by a plurality of partner base stations.
When the partner base station judges that the loaned bandwidth number is not more than the preset minimum bandwidth number, the partner base station can end the operation, and the serving base station does not receive the confirmation message of the partner base station within a certain time, and then the partner base station is determined to have no idle frequency spectrum to loan; alternatively, the partner base station may also send an acknowledgement message to the serving base station to inform the serving base station that the partner base station has no free spectrum to borrow.
307. Centralizing the spectrum used by the online users;
the specific implementation manner of step 307 may be: the users on each carrier are concentrated on the carriers as few as possible, and the process can be completed by switching the carriers where the users are located; this can be done by scheduling the spectrum used by the users, concentrating the users on each carrier into as few frequency domains as possible.
For example, assume that the partner base station originally has two carriers; the frequency spectrum range of the first carrier is 2580MHz to 2590MHz, wherein the frequency spectrum range used by the online user is 2587MHz to 2590 MHz; the spectrum range of the second carrier is 2560MHz to 2570MHz, wherein the spectrum range used by the online users is 2560MHz to 2562MHz, then all the online users on the first carrier can be switched to 2562MHz to 2565MHz of the second carrier, and after the switching, the idle spectrum of the partner base station is 2565MHz to 2570MHz and 2580MHz to 2590 MHz.
308. Acquiring an idle frequency spectrum of a partner base station as a borrowed frequency spectrum;
step 308 may be to acquire the idle spectrum corresponding to the minimum bandwidth amount in the partner base station as the borrowed spectrum, or acquire all the idle spectrums of the partner base station as the borrowed spectrum.
Optionally, the bandwidth borrowing request message in step 301 may also carry the number of bandwidths that the serving base station needs to borrow, and step 306 at this time may be to determine whether the number of the loaned bandwidths is greater than the number of bandwidths that need to borrow, if so, step 307 is executed, otherwise, the operation may be ended; accordingly, step 308 may obtain a vacant spectrum corresponding to the amount of bandwidth that needs to be borrowed as a borrowed spectrum.
309. And sending a borrowed bandwidth confirmation message to the service base station, wherein the message carries the borrowed frequency spectrum.
Further, after sending the borrowing bandwidth confirmation message to the serving base station, the partner base station may also broadcast the current resource condition of the partner base station to the user, so as to avoid the user from dropping the network due to the change of the network parameters.
For further understanding, the load balancing method in the embodiment of the present invention is explained below from both the serving base station and the partner base station.
Referring to fig. 4, another embodiment of the load balancing method according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
401. the method comprises the steps that a service base station acquires resources required to be provided by the service base station and residual resources when a new user accesses the service base station;
step 401 is similar to step 101 and will not be described in detail herein.
402. The serving base station determines whether a difference between the remaining resources and the resources to be provided is smaller than a preset first resource threshold, if so, executes step 403, otherwise, executes step 414;
step 402 is similar to step 102 and will not be described in detail herein.
403. The service base station takes the sum of the difference between the resource to be provided and the rest resource and a first resource threshold as the resource to be borrowed, and determines the ratio of the resource to be borrowed to the bandwidth corresponding to the unit resource as the quantity of the bandwidth to be borrowed;
for example, when a new user accesses, the serving base station acquires 27 subchannel resources required to be provided by the serving base station, the remaining subchannel resources are 20 subchannel resources, and the preset first resource threshold is 3 subchannel resources, then, the sum of the difference between 27 and 20 and 3 is 10, that is, the subchannel resources required to be borrowed are 10 subchannel resources; assuming that the bandwidth corresponding to the unit subchannel resource of the serving base station is 0.3MHz, the amount of bandwidth that the serving base station needs to borrow is 3 MHz.
404. The service base station sends a bandwidth borrowing request message to the partner base station according to preset partner base station information, wherein the message carries the quantity of the bandwidth to be borrowed;
further, the borrowing bandwidth request message can also carry the frequency point and the bandwidth of the carrier of the serving base station, and the partner base station can concentrate the frequency spectrum used by the online users of the partner base station according to the frequency point and the bandwidth of the carrier of the serving base station, so that the idle frequency spectrum of the partner base station is continuous with the frequency spectrum of the serving base station.
The borrowed bandwidth request message may also carry a time to borrow bandwidth for the serving base station, which may be manually preconfigured.
405. After receiving the borrowing bandwidth request message, the partner base station judges whether an idle frequency spectrum exists in the partner base station, if so, the step 406 is executed, otherwise, the operation is ended;
when the partner base station determines that no free frequency spectrum exists, a confirmation message can be sent to the service base station to inform the service base station that the partner base station has no free frequency spectrum to borrow.
406. The partner base station acquires the residual resources of the partner base station;
407. the partner base station takes the difference between the residual resources of the partner base station and a preset second resource threshold as the loanable resources, and determines the product of the loanable resources and the bandwidth corresponding to the unit resource as the loanable bandwidth quantity;
for example, the partner base station obtains that the remaining sub-channel resources of the partner base station are 23 sub-channel resources, and the preset second resource threshold is 3 sub-channel resources, then, the difference between 23 and 3 is 20, that is, the loaned sub-channel resources are 20 sub-channel resources; assuming that the unit sub-channel resource of the partner base station corresponds to a bandwidth of 0.3MHz, the amount of bandwidth that can be lent by the partner base station is 6 MHz.
408. The partner base station judges whether the amount of the loaned bandwidth is larger than the amount of the bandwidth which needs to be borrowed by the service base station, if so, the step 409 is executed, otherwise, the operation is ended;
corresponding to the example in steps 403, 407, the partner base station determines that the amount of bandwidth that can be borrowed is 6MHz greater than the amount of bandwidth that the serving base station needs to borrow 3 MHz.
When the partner base station determines that the loaned bandwidth amount is not larger than the bandwidth amount which needs to be borrowed by the service base station, a confirmation message can be sent to the service base station to inform the service base station that no idle frequency spectrum of the partner base station can be loaned.
409. The partner base station concentrates the frequency spectrum used by the online users, and acquires the idle frequency spectrum corresponding to the amount of the bandwidth to be borrowed as the borrowed frequency spectrum;
assuming that after the spectrum used by the centralized online users, the idle spectrum at the local end is 2579MHz to 2585MHz, if the amount of bandwidth to be borrowed is 3MHz, then the idle spectrum corresponding to 3MHz, such as the idle spectrum of 2582MHz to 2585MHz, can be used as the borrowed spectrum.
410. The partner base station sends a borrowing bandwidth confirmation message to the service base station, wherein the message carries the borrowed frequency spectrum;
for example, the borrowed bandwidth confirmation message carries the borrowed spectrum from 200MHz to 240 MHz.
411. The serving base station determines whether the borrowed spectrum is continuous with the spectrum being used by the home terminal, if so, step 412 is executed, otherwise, step 413 is executed;
412. the service base station adds the borrowed frequency spectrum to the used carrier wave and schedules the new user to the carrier wave;
for example, the frequency point of the carrier being used by the serving base station is 2590MHz, the bandwidth is 10MHz, the serving base station determines that the borrowed frequency spectrums 2582MHz to 2585MHz are continuous with the frequency spectrum being used by the serving base station, the carrier being used is expanded to the frequency point of 2590MHz and the bandwidth of 20MHz by using the borrowed frequency spectrum, and a new user without allocated frequency spectrum resources is scheduled to the carrier with the expanded frequency spectrum range.
After the borrowed frequency spectrum is judged to be continuous with the frequency spectrum used by the local terminal, whether the borrowed frequency spectrum reaches a preset size can be further judged; if the preset size is reached, more than one new carrier is established by using the borrowed frequency spectrum, and new users without allocated frequency spectrum resources are scheduled to the new carrier; and if the preset size is not reached, adding the borrowed frequency spectrum to the used carrier wave, and scheduling the new user which is not allocated with the frequency spectrum resource to the carrier wave.
413. The service base station establishes a new carrier wave by using the borrowed frequency spectrum and schedules a new user to the new carrier wave;
further, when the serving base station does not need the borrowed bandwidth, the serving base station may return the partner base station in time, for example, send a bandwidth return message carrying the borrowed spectrum to the partner base station. Similarly, when the resources are in shortage, the partner base station can also send a message to request the serving base station to return the bandwidth.
414. The serving base station schedules the new user to the existing spectrum of the serving base station.
In this embodiment, when a new user accesses the service base station, if a difference between remaining resources and resources to be provided is smaller than a preset first resource threshold, borrowing a bandwidth from a partner base station, after the partner base station centralizes frequency spectrums used by online users, sending an idle frequency spectrum of the partner base station to the service base station as the borrowed frequency spectrum, and scheduling the new user to the borrowed frequency spectrum by the service base station, so that the service quality of the user at the service base station can be ensured without migrating the user to other base stations under the condition that the resources of the service base station are not enough, and the problem of quality degradation of the user due to migration in the load balancing method in the prior art can be avoided.
The following describes a base station and a communication system in the embodiment of the present invention in detail.
Referring to fig. 5, an embodiment of a base station (serving base station) in the embodiment of the present invention includes:
a first obtaining module 501, configured to obtain a resource that needs to be provided and a remaining resource of a local terminal when a new user accesses the local terminal;
a judging module 502, configured to judge whether a difference between the remaining resources and resources to be provided is smaller than a preset first resource threshold, and if so, trigger the sending module;
a sending module 504, configured to send a bandwidth borrowing request message to the second base station;
a receiving module 505, configured to receive a bandwidth borrowing acknowledgement message sent by a second base station, where the bandwidth borrowing acknowledgement message carries a spectrum borrowed by the second base station;
a scheduling module 506 for scheduling the new user on the borrowed spectrum.
The manager may configure the information of its partner base station on the serving base station in advance, that is, configure a partnership between base stations capable of establishing a partnership, in which case the sending module 504 may send the borrowed bandwidth request message to these partner base stations, that is, the second base station.
Or may not be configured in advance, and obtain information of a partner base station of the serving base station by sending a specific protocol packet, in this case, the serving base station in this embodiment may further include:
a second obtaining module 503, configured to obtain information of the second base station before the sending module performs the relevant operation, and trigger the sending module 504.
Further, the serving base station in this embodiment may further include:
a determining module, configured to, after the second obtaining module 503 obtains the information of the second base station, before the sending module 504 sends the bandwidth borrowing request message to the second base station, use a sum of a difference between the resource to be provided and the remaining resource and a first resource threshold as a resource to be borrowed, and use a product of the resource to be borrowed and a bandwidth corresponding to the unit resource as a bandwidth quantity to be borrowed; at this time, the borrowed bandwidth request message carries the amount of bandwidth to be borrowed.
The scheduling module 506 may include:
the judging unit is used for judging whether the borrowed frequency spectrum is continuous with the frequency spectrum used by the first base station, if not, the first scheduling unit is triggered, otherwise, the second scheduling unit is triggered;
the first scheduling unit is used for establishing a new carrier wave by using the borrowed frequency spectrum and scheduling a new user to the new carrier wave;
and the second scheduling unit is used for adding the borrowed frequency spectrum to the used carrier and scheduling the new user to the carrier.
Fig. 5 illustrates an embodiment of the base station in this embodiment from the serving base station side, and another embodiment of the base station in this embodiment from the partner base station side is described below.
Referring to fig. 6, another embodiment of a base station (a partner base station) in the embodiment of the present invention includes:
a receiving module 601, configured to receive a bandwidth borrowing request message sent by a first base station;
a determining module 602, configured to determine whether a local end has an idle spectrum, if so, trigger the obtaining module to execute a relevant operation, otherwise, end the operation;
an obtaining module 603, configured to obtain a local idle spectrum as a borrowed spectrum;
a sending module 604, configured to send a borrowed bandwidth confirmation message to the first base station, where the message carries the borrowed spectrum.
Further, the partner base station in this embodiment may further include:
a centralizing module 605, configured to centralize the spectrum used by the online user before the obtaining module 603 performs the relevant operation, and trigger the obtaining module 603 to perform the relevant operation.
Further, the partner base station in this embodiment may further include:
a first triggering module, configured to obtain the remaining resources of the local end before the centralized module 605 executes the relevant operation; taking the difference between the residual resources and a preset second resource threshold as the loanable resources; taking the product of the loanable resource and the bandwidth corresponding to the unit resource as the loanable bandwidth quantity; judging whether the amount of the loaned bandwidth is larger than a preset minimum amount of the bandwidth, if so, triggering the concentration module 605 to execute the relevant operation; or,
a second triggering module, configured to obtain the remaining resources of the local end before the centralized module 605 executes the relevant operation; taking the difference between the residual resources and a preset second resource threshold as the loanable resources; taking the product of the loanable resource and the bandwidth corresponding to the unit resource as the loanable bandwidth quantity; judging whether the amount of the loaned bandwidth is larger than the amount of the bandwidth needing to be borrowed; if so, the centralized module 605 is triggered to perform the relevant operation. And, the borrowed bandwidth request message carries the amount of bandwidth to be borrowed.
Referring to fig. 7, an embodiment of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
a first base station 701, configured to obtain a resource that needs to be provided and a remaining resource of a local terminal when a new user accesses; judging whether the difference between the residual resources and the resources required to be provided is smaller than a preset first resource threshold or not; if yes, sending a bandwidth borrowing request message to the second base station; receiving a bandwidth borrowing confirmation message sent by a second companion base station, wherein the message carries a borrowed frequency spectrum of the second base station; scheduling new users to the borrowed spectrum;
a second base station 702, configured to receive a bandwidth borrowing request message sent by a first base station; judging whether a local terminal has an idle frequency spectrum or not; if the spectrum exists, acquiring the idle spectrum of the local terminal as a borrowed spectrum; and sending a borrowed bandwidth confirmation message to the first base station, wherein the message carries the borrowed frequency spectrum.
The second base station (i.e., partner base station) 702 of the first base station (i.e., serving base station) 701 may be configured in plurality.
Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic view illustrating an interaction scenario between the serving base station and the partner base station in the embodiment shown in fig. 7.
As shown in fig. 8, the serving base station first sends a borrow bandwidth request message to 3 partner base stations. Initially, the amount of bandwidth that the serving base station needs to borrow is 4 MHz; after borrowing 1MHz (spectrum 2510-2511MHz) from the partner base station 1, the amount of the bandwidth which needs to be borrowed by the service base station is 3 MHz; after borrowing 2MHz (spectrum 2560 and 2562MHz) from the partner base station 2; the serving base station borrows bandwidth of 1MHz, and after borrowing 1MHz (the spectrum is 2550-2551MHz) from the partner base station 3, the serving base station does not need to borrow bandwidth any more and schedules users in the borrowed spectrum.
After a period of time, when the serving base station detects that the borrowed spectrum is not needed, the serving base station sends bandwidth return messages to the partner base station 1, the partner base station 2 and the partner base station 3 respectively so as to return the spectrums 2510-. And after receiving the bandwidth return message, the partner base station returns a bandwidth return confirmation message to the service base station.
With reference to the embodiments shown in fig. 5 to 7, in the embodiment of the present invention, when a new user accesses a serving base station, if a difference between remaining resources and resources to be provided is smaller than a preset first resource threshold, borrowing a bandwidth from a partner base station, after the partner base station concentrates a spectrum used by an online user, sending an idle spectrum of the partner base station to the serving base station as a borrowed spectrum, and scheduling the new user to the borrowed spectrum by the serving base station, so that the service quality of the user at the serving base station can be ensured without migrating the user to another base station under the condition that the resources of the serving base station are not enough, and the problem of quality degradation of the user in the load balancing method in the prior art due to migration can be avoided.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in the methods of the above embodiments may be implemented by associated hardware instructed by a program, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the storage medium may include: Read-Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), magnetic or optical disk, and the like.
The load balancing method, the base station and the communication system provided by the embodiment of the present invention are described in detail above, and a specific example is applied in the present disclosure to explain the principle and the embodiment of the present invention, and the description of the above embodiment is only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. A method of load balancing, comprising:
the method comprises the steps that a first base station acquires resources required to be provided by the first base station and residual resources when a new user accesses the first base station;
if the difference between the residual resources and the resources required to be provided is smaller than a preset first resource threshold, the first base station sends a bandwidth borrowing request message to the second base station;
the first base station receives a bandwidth borrowing confirmation message sent by the second base station, wherein the message carries a borrowed frequency spectrum of the second base station;
and the first base station schedules the new user to the frequency spectrum borrowed by the second base station.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to the first base station sending a borrowed bandwidth request message to a second base station, further comprising: the first base station acquires information of the second base station.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein before the first base station sends the borrowed bandwidth request message to the second base station, the method further comprises: taking the sum of the difference between the resource to be provided and the rest resource and a first resource threshold as the resource to be borrowed, and taking the product of the resource to be borrowed and the bandwidth corresponding to the unit resource as the bandwidth quantity to be borrowed;
the borrowed bandwidth request message carries the amount of the bandwidth needing to be borrowed.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the first base station scheduling the new user on the borrowed spectrum comprises:
and if the frequency spectrum borrowed by the second base station is not continuous with the frequency spectrum used by the first base station, establishing a new carrier wave by using the borrowed frequency spectrum, and scheduling the new user to the new carrier wave.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the first base station scheduling the new user on the borrowed spectrum comprises:
if the spectrum borrowed by the first base station is contiguous with the spectrum being used by the first base station,
the borrowed spectrum is added to the carrier being used and the new user is scheduled on that carrier.
6. A method of load balancing, characterized by:
the second base station receives a bandwidth borrowing request message sent by the first base station;
and if the second base station has idle frequency spectrum, the second base station sends a borrowed bandwidth confirmation message to the first base station, wherein the borrowed bandwidth confirmation message comprises the borrowed frequency spectrum.
7. The method of claim 6, further comprising, before the second base station sends the borrowed bandwidth confirmation message to the first base station:
the second base station centralizes the frequency spectrum used by the online users of the second base station and uses the idle frequency spectrum as the loaned frequency spectrum.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising, before the second base station aggregates the spectrum used by the online users of the second base station, the steps of:
the second base station acquires the residual resources of the second base station;
taking the difference between the residual resources and a preset second resource threshold as the loanable resources;
taking the product of the loanable resource and the bandwidth corresponding to the unit resource as the loanable bandwidth quantity;
judging whether the amount of the loaned bandwidth is larger than the preset minimum amount of the bandwidth;
and if so, triggering the second base station to centralize the frequency spectrum used by the online users of the second base station.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the borrowing the free spectrum specifically includes: and taking the idle frequency spectrum corresponding to the minimum bandwidth quantity as a loaned frequency spectrum.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein the borrowed bandwidth request message carries the amount of bandwidth to be borrowed;
before the spectrum used by the online user of the second base station in the second base station set, the method further comprises the following steps:
acquiring the residual resources of the second base station;
taking the difference between the residual resources and a preset second resource threshold as the loanable resources;
taking the product of the loanable resource and the bandwidth corresponding to the unit resource as the loanable bandwidth quantity;
judging whether the amount of the loaned bandwidth is larger than the amount of the bandwidth needing to be borrowed;
and if so, triggering the second base station to centralize the frequency spectrum used by the online users of the second base station.
11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the borrowing the free spectrum specifically includes: and taking the idle frequency spectrum corresponding to the bandwidth quantity needing borrowing as the borrowed frequency spectrum.
12. A base station, comprising:
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring resources required to be provided and residual resources when a new user accesses;
the judging module is used for judging whether the difference between the residual resources and the resources required to be provided is smaller than a preset first resource threshold, and if so, the sending module is triggered to execute the relevant operation;
a sending module, configured to send a bandwidth borrowing request message to a second base station;
a receiving module, configured to receive a bandwidth borrowing acknowledgement message sent by a second base station, where the bandwidth borrowing acknowledgement message carries a frequency spectrum borrowed by the second base station;
and the scheduling module is used for scheduling the new user to the frequency spectrum borrowed by the second base station.
13. The base station of claim 12, further comprising: and the second acquisition module is used for acquiring the information of the second base station and triggering the sending module before the sending module executes the relevant operation.
14. The base station of claim 13, further comprising:
a determining module, configured to, after the second obtaining module obtains the information of the second base station, before the sending module sends the bandwidth borrowing request message to the second base station, use a sum of a difference between the resource to be provided and the remaining resource and a first resource threshold as a resource to be borrowed, and use a product of the resource to be borrowed and a bandwidth corresponding to the unit resource as a bandwidth quantity to be borrowed;
the borrowed bandwidth request message carries the bandwidth amount.
15. A base station, comprising:
a receiving module, configured to receive a bandwidth borrowing request message sent by a first base station;
the judging module is used for judging whether the local terminal has an idle frequency spectrum or not, and if so, the acquiring module is triggered to execute relevant operation;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the idle frequency spectrum of the local terminal as a borrowed frequency spectrum;
and the sending module is used for sending a borrowed bandwidth confirmation message to the first base station, wherein the message carries the borrowed frequency spectrum.
16. The base station of claim 15, further comprising:
and the concentration module is used for concentrating the frequency spectrum used by the online user before the acquisition module executes the related operation, and triggering the acquisition module to execute the related operation.
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