CN101840113B - Liquid crystal display panel, and manufacture method and display device thereof - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display panel, and manufacture method and display device thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101840113B CN101840113B CN200910080571.XA CN200910080571A CN101840113B CN 101840113 B CN101840113 B CN 101840113B CN 200910080571 A CN200910080571 A CN 200910080571A CN 101840113 B CN101840113 B CN 101840113B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sealed plastic
- plastic box
- array base
- base palte
- panel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a liquid crystal display panel, and a manufacture method and a display device thereof. The liquid crystal display panel comprises an array substrate and a color film substrate which are arranged in manner of cassette to cassette; seal graphs used for bonding the array substrate and the color film substrate are arranged on the surrounding edges of the array substrate and/or the color film substrate; the liquid crystal display panel also comprises a seal base; the seal base is used for flattening the surfaces of areas arranged on the seal graphs. The display device comprises the liquid crystal display panel. The manufacture method of the liquid crystal display panel comprises the following steps: forming the seal base on the array substrate and/or the color film substrate which form the liquid crystal display panel; dispensing the seal graphs on the seal base, and arranging a liquid crystal layer; and arranging the array substrate and the color film substrate in manner of cassette to cassette. The invention improves the stability of the seal dispensing process, reduces the control difficulty of the seal dispensing process and further improves the product yield and productivity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of panel of LCD and manufacture method thereof and display device, belong to liquid crystal display manufacturing technology field.
Background technology
Along with constantly improving and the continuous reduction of cost of liquid crystal display manufacturing technology, liquid crystal display is widely applied.Thin Film Transistor-LCD (Thin Film Transistor Liquid CrystalDisplay, hereinafter to be referred as: TFT-LCD) rely on that it is low in energy consumption, low cost of manufacture and the feature such as radiationless, obtained especially in recent years the development of advancing by leaps and bounds.
Panel of LCD comprises array base palte and color membrane substrates that box is arranged, between array base palte and color membrane substrates, be filled with liquid crystal layer, be provided with the sealed plastic box figure for array base palte and color membrane substrates are bonded together in the edge of array base palte and/or color membrane substrates, thus sealing liquid crystal layer.Region at the edge of array base palte and/or color membrane substrates coating sealed plastic box figure may be defined as gluing region.In the prior art, sealed plastic box figure both can be coated on array base palte, also can be coated on color membrane substrates, or be all coated with sealed plastic box figure on array base palte and color membrane substrates.The ultimate principle of coating sealed plastic box figure is: sensor is by sending and receive light signal, realize the detection to substrate surface flatness, and adjust the vertical range of paste nozzle to substrate surface according to the data that detect, thereby sealed plastic box figure is applied evenly at substrate surface.Existing array base palte and color membrane substrates surface is laid with metal routing for the gluing region that is coated with sealed plastic box figure, and array base palte compares color membrane substrates, and its surperficial metal routing is more complicated.
As from the foregoing, the defect that prior art exists is, the edge of array base palte and color membrane substrates is owing to being laid with metal routing, therefore surface flatness is poor, make the light signal that sensor receives have deviation, the difficulty of the flatness of detection substrate surface is larger, therefore, increase the instability of coating technique and controlled difficulty, thereby greatly having affected product yield and the production capacity of panel of LCD.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of panel of LCD and manufacture method thereof and display device, in order to solve in prior art due on the gluing region at substrate, the flatness of substrate surface is poor, cause the instability of coating technique and control the higher problem of difficulty, realize the stability that improves coating technique, reduce the control difficulty of coating technique, further improve the effect of product yield and production capacity.
The invention provides a kind of panel of LCD, comprise array base palte and color membrane substrates that box is arranged, be provided with the sealed plastic box figure for array base palte and color membrane substrates are bonded together in the edge of described array base palte and/or color membrane substrates, described panel of LCD also comprises sealed plastic box substrate, and described sealed plastic box substrate is for making to arrange the area surfaces planarization of described sealed plastic box figure.
The invention provides a kind of display device, comprise above-mentioned panel of LCD.
The present invention also provides a kind of panel of LCD manufacture method, comprising:
On the composition array base palte of panel of LCD and/or color membrane substrates, form sealed plastic box substrate;
On described sealed plastic box substrate, coating sealed plastic box figure;
By described array base palte and described color membrane substrates to box.
Panel of LCD of the present invention and manufacture method thereof and display device, by the sealed plastic box substrate of laying on substrate, can optimize the uneven state on array base palte or color membrane substrates surface, makes the flattening surface in the gluing region that is coated with sealed plastic box figure.Therefore, in the time carrying out coating technique, the light signal that sensor receives can not produce deviation, thereby has improved the stability of coating technique, has reduced the control difficulty of coating technique, further improves product yield and the production capacity of panel of LCD.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of panel of LCD embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 be in Fig. 1 A-A to cross-sectional view;
Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of panel of LCD manufacture method embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation that is coated with sealed plastic box backing material in panel of LCD manufacture method embodiment of the present invention on array base palte;
Fig. 5 exposes for the sealed plastic box backing material on pair array substrate in panel of LCD manufacture method embodiment of the present invention and the structural representation of the mask plate of development treatment;
Fig. 6 be panel of LCD manufacture method embodiment of the present invention expose and development treatment after the structural representation of array base palte.
Embodiment
The core concept of panel of LCD of the present invention is take existing panel of LCD as basis, be provided with the shape of sealed plastic box figure and match in the composition array base palte of this panel of LCD and/or the gluing region of color membrane substrates, and make the sealed plastic box substrate of the gluing area planarization that is coated with sealed plastic box figure.
Panel of LCD of the present invention, by lay sealed plastic box substrate on array base palte or color membrane substrates, can optimize the uneven state on array base palte or color membrane substrates surface, makes the flattening surface in the gluing region that is coated with sealed plastic box figure.Therefore, in the time carrying out coating technique, the light signal that sensor receives can not produce deviation, thereby has improved the stability of coating technique, has reduced the control difficulty of coating technique, further improves product yield and production capacity.
Adopt respectively array base palte and color membrane substrates to be elaborated to panel of LCD of the present invention below.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of panel of LCD embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment illustrates as example take the array base palte of composition panel of LCD.On this array base palte 1, be provided with pixel region 4, the metal routing 6 on TFT device 5, grid line, data line and peripheral circuit.In addition, be provided with the sealed plastic box figure 2 for array base palte 1 and color membrane substrates are bonded together in the gluing region of this array base palte 1, also comprise sealed plastic box substrate 3, this sealed plastic box substrate 3 is arranged on this sealed plastic box figure 2 belows, thereby makes to arrange the area surfaces planarization of this sealed plastic box figure 2.
In the present embodiment, the sealed plastic box figure 2 being coated with is round rectangle, and therefore, this sealed plastic box substrate 3 can be the round rectangle matching with the shape of sealed plastic box figure 2.It should be noted that, sealed plastic box figure 2 can have different shapes, and therefore, this sealed plastic box substrate 3 also can have different shapes accordingly, and is not limited to the round rectangle shown in Fig. 1.
Because the gluing region of array base palte 1 exists complicated metal routing 6, this metal routing 6 can further increase the uneven degree of substrate surface, and this metal routing 6 also can cause emergency light reflex, cause the light signal of the surface flatness for detection of array base palte 1 that sensor receives to be subject to larger interference, therefore, in the present embodiment, the sealed plastic box substrate 3 being arranged on array base palte 1 can be made up of the nonmetallic materials with shading performance.For instance, these nonmetallic materials with shading performance can adopt the resin material of low transmissivity to make.The scope of the concrete low transmissivity adopting can be adjusted accordingly as the case may be by those skilled in the art.Because this sealed plastic box substrate 3 has this light characteristic of shading performance, therefore, can avoid the impact of metal routing 6 on the gluing region of array base palte 1 accuracy on sensor detection arrays substrate 1 surface flatness.
Preferably, these sealed plastic box substrate 3 materials can adopt black matrix material, obtain extremely low transmissivity with this, thereby can further improve this sealed plastic box substrate 3 and avoid the effect of the emergency light reflex of metal routing 6 on array base palte 1.
Carry out planarization and prevent the reliability of metal routing 6 emergency light reflexs in order to improve sealed plastic box substrate 3 pair array substrate 1 surfaces, the width of the sealed plastic box substrate 3 in the present embodiment can be set as being more than or equal to the width of sealed plastic box figure 2, preferably, the width of this sealed plastic box substrate 3 is greater than the width of sealed plastic box figure 2, for example, the width of sealed plastic box figure 2 is assumed to be 15 millimeters, the width of sealed plastic box substrate 3 can be arranged to 2 millimeters.And, due to array base palte 1 and color membrane substrates to box after, distance is each other very limited, therefore, the present embodiment can also be arranged on the thickness of sealed plastic box substrate 3 between 0.1 micron to 5 microns.
Fig. 2 be in Fig. 1 A-A to cross-sectional view, as shown in Figure 2, in the present embodiment, array base palte 1 can provide for coating sealed plastic box figure 2 surface of planarization, and metal routing 6 is covered by this sealed plastic box substrate 3, thereby the light source that can not receive sensor produces any impact.
The panel of LCD of the present embodiment, by being provided for making the sealed plastic box substrate of the flattening surface that is coated with sealed plastic box figure on the gluing region at array base palte, make the light signal that sensor receives can be because the unevenness of substrate surface produces deviation; And, the nonmetallic materials by employing with shading performance are made sealed plastic box substrate, can also make the light source that the metal routing of array base palte can not receive sensor produce emergency light reflex, thereby improve the stability of coating technique, the control difficulty that has reduced coating technique, further improves product yield and production capacity.
On another embodiment of panel of LCD of the present invention and panel of LCD of the present invention, the difference of an embodiment is, the panel of LCD of the present embodiment can adopt color membrane substrates.In addition, the present embodiment can also suppose that this color membrane substrates is provided with black matrix, rgb pixels and/or public electrode.Can be provided with the shape of sealed plastic box figure and match in the gluing region of this color membrane substrates, and make the sealed plastic box substrate of the flattening surface that is coated with sealed plastic box figure.
The present embodiment also can suppose that sealed plastic box figure is round rectangle, and therefore, the sealed plastic box substrate in the present embodiment is the round rectangle matching with the shape of sealed plastic box figure.It should be noted that, the sealed plastic box figure in the present embodiment also can have different shapes, and therefore, this sealed plastic box substrate also can have different shapes accordingly, and is not limited to round rectangle.
In order to improve sealed plastic box substrate, color membrane substrates surface is carried out the reliability of planarization and on this sealed plastic box substrate, is coated with the convenience of sealed plastic box, the present embodiment also can be set as the width of sealed plastic box substrate to be more than or equal to the width of sealed plastic box figure, preferably, the width of this sealed plastic box substrate is greater than the width of sealed plastic box figure.And, due to color membrane substrates and array base palte to box after, distance is each other very limited, therefore, the present embodiment also can be arranged on the thickness of sealed plastic box substrate between 0.1 micron to 5 microns.
The panel of LCD of the present embodiment, by being provided for making the sealed plastic box substrate of the flattening surface that is coated with sealed plastic box figure on the gluing region at color membrane substrates, make the light signal that sensor receives can be because the unevenness of substrate surface produces deviation, thereby improve the stability of coating technique, the control difficulty that has reduced coating technique, further improves product yield and production capacity.
Display device embodiment of the present invention can comprise above-mentioned any one panel of LCD.Display device embodiment of the present invention, by being provided for making the sealed plastic box substrate of the flattening surface that is coated with sealed plastic box figure on the gluing region at color membrane substrates or array base palte, make the light signal that sensor receives can be because the unevenness of substrate surface produces deviation, thereby improve the stability of coating technique, reduce the control difficulty of coating technique, further improved product yield and the production capacity of display device.
Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of panel of LCD manufacture method embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in Figure 3, the method for the present embodiment comprises:
The present embodiment can suppose that the array base palte or the color membrane substrates that in step 101, use are existing array base palte or color membrane substrates, and its manufacture process can adopt arbitrary existing manufacture method to complete.The present embodiment is that sealed plastic box substrate is set on existing array base palte or color membrane substrates.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation that is coated with sealed plastic box backing material in panel of LCD manufacture method embodiment of the present invention on array base palte, as shown in Figure 4, to be coated with sealed plastic box backing material 7 as example on array base palte 1, this sealed plastic box backing material 7 can cover this array base palte 1, and has filled uneven region on array base palte 1.For color membrane substrates, this process is also similar.
In the present embodiment, take positive photoresist as example, photoetching process is below described.
Fig. 5 exposes for the sealed plastic box backing material on pair array substrate in panel of LCD manufacture method embodiment of the present invention and the structural representation of the mask plate of development treatment, as shown in Figure 5, the present embodiment can suppose that the shape of sealed plastic box figure is round rectangle, correspondingly, the shape of sealed plastic box substrate should be also round rectangle, therefore, in order to obtain the sealed plastic box substrate of this round rectangle shape, can adopt the mask plate shown in Fig. 5 to expose and development treatment to sealed plastic box backing material.Fig. 6 be panel of LCD manufacture method embodiment of the present invention expose and development treatment after the structural representation of array base palte, as shown in Figure 6, by adopting mask board to explosure and the development treatment shown in Fig. 5, can obtain the array base palte of the sealed plastic box substrate that is provided with round rectangle shape.For color membrane substrates, said process is also similar.
Furthermore, when be coated with sealed plastic box backing material on array base palte and/or color membrane substrates time, can select to have the nonmetallic materials of shading performance, therefore, the above-mentioned sealed plastic box backing material that is coated with on array base palte and/or color membrane substrates also can be specially: adopt coating process or vapour deposition process on array base palte and/or color membrane substrates, to be coated with the nonmetallic materials with light-proofness energy.
Specifically, because the gluing region of array base palte exists complicated metal routing, this metal routing can further increase the uneven degree of substrate surface, and this metal routing also can cause emergency light reflex, cause the light signal of the surface flatness for detection of array base palte that sensor receives to be subject to larger interference, therefore,, in the present embodiment, the sealed plastic box backing material being coated with on array base palte can adopt the nonmetallic materials with shading performance.Because this sealed plastic box backing material has this light characteristic of shading performance, therefore, the impact of the accuracy of the metal routing in gluing region that can avoid array base palte on sensor detection arrays substrate surface flatness.
Another technical scheme that realizes above-mentioned steps 101 can be specially: on array base palte and/or color membrane substrates, place the mask plate matching with the shape of sealed plastic box figure; On mask plate, coating has the sealed plastic box backing material of light-proofness energy; Remove mask plate from array base palte and/or color membrane substrates.
This process is, first on array base palte or color membrane substrates, place mask plate as shown in Figure 5, then on this mask plate, be coated with the nonmetallic materials with light-proofness energy, thereby make sealed plastic box backing material can form the sealed plastic box substrate identical with the mask plate shape shown in Fig. 5, now again this mask plate is removed from array base palte or color membrane substrates, can on array base palte or color membrane substrates, form sealed plastic box substrate.With respect to aforementioned techniques scheme, this process has the effect of the realization of being simply easy to.
On the gluing region of array base palte 1, be provided for making the sealed plastic box substrate of the flattening surface that is coated with sealed plastic box figure, make the light signal that sensor receives can be because the unevenness of substrate surface produces deviation.After sealed plastic box has been coated with, can liquid crystal layer be set being coated with on the array base palte of sealed plastic box or color membrane substrates.This method that liquid crystal layer is set can, for any means of existing injection liquid crystal, repeat no more.
Finally, the array base palte of completing steps 101 and step 102 and color membrane substrates, to box, can be completed to the manufacture of panel of LCD.
Panel of LCD manufacture method of the present invention, expose and development treatment to laying sealed plastic box backing material on substrate by the mask plate matching with sealed plastic box shape, can obtain the sealed plastic box substrate matching with the shape of sealed plastic box figure, this sealed plastic box substrate can be optimized the uneven state on array base palte or color membrane substrates surface, makes the flattening surface in the gluing region that is coated with sealed plastic box.Therefore, in the time carrying out coating technique, the light signal that sensor receives can not produce deviation, thereby has improved the stability of coating technique, has reduced the control difficulty of coating technique, further improves product yield and production capacity.
Finally it should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described but not be limited, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be modified or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and these modifications or be equal to replacement and also can not make amended technical scheme depart from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a panel of LCD, comprise array base palte and color membrane substrates that box is arranged, be provided with the sealed plastic box figure for array base palte and color membrane substrates are bonded together in the edge of described array base palte and/or color membrane substrates, it is characterized in that, described panel of LCD also comprises sealed plastic box substrate, the shape of the shape of described sealed plastic box substrate and described sealed plastic box figure matches, and described sealed plastic box substrate is for making to arrange the area surfaces planarization of described sealed plastic box figure; Described sealed plastic box substrate is made up of the nonmetallic materials with shading performance.
2. panel of LCD according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the width of described sealed plastic box substrate is more than or equal to the width of described sealed plastic box figure.
3. panel of LCD according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of described sealed plastic box substrate is between 0.1 micron to 5 microns.
4. a display device, is characterized in that, comprises the panel of LCD described in arbitrary claim in claim 1~3.
5. a panel of LCD manufacture method, is characterized in that, comprising:
On the composition array base palte of panel of LCD and/or color membrane substrates, form the sealed plastic box substrate matching with the shape of sealed plastic box figure; Described sealed plastic box substrate is made up of the nonmetallic materials with shading performance;
On described sealed plastic box substrate, coating sealed plastic box figure, and liquid crystal layer is set;
By described array base palte and described color membrane substrates to box.
6. panel of LCD manufacture method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, forms sealed plastic box substrate and be specially on the described array base palte at composition panel of LCD and/or color membrane substrates:
On described array base palte and/or color membrane substrates, be coated with sealed plastic box backing material;
Application exposes and development treatment to described sealed plastic box backing material with the mask plate that the shape of described sealed plastic box figure matches, and forms described sealed plastic box substrate.
7. panel of LCD manufacture method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the described sealed plastic box backing material that is coated with on array base palte and/or color membrane substrates, is specially:
Adopt coating process or vapour deposition process on described array base palte and/or color membrane substrates, to be coated with the nonmetallic materials with light-proofness energy.
8. panel of LCD manufacture method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, forms sealed plastic box substrate and be specially on the described array base palte at composition panel of LCD and/or color membrane substrates:
On array base palte and/or color membrane substrates, place the mask plate matching with the shape of sealed plastic box figure;
On described mask plate, coating has the sealed plastic box backing material of light-proofness energy;
Remove described mask plate from described array base palte and/or color membrane substrates.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN200910080571.XA CN101840113B (en) | 2009-03-20 | 2009-03-20 | Liquid crystal display panel, and manufacture method and display device thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN200910080571.XA CN101840113B (en) | 2009-03-20 | 2009-03-20 | Liquid crystal display panel, and manufacture method and display device thereof |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN101840113A CN101840113A (en) | 2010-09-22 |
CN101840113B true CN101840113B (en) | 2014-06-25 |
Family
ID=42743583
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN200910080571.XA Active CN101840113B (en) | 2009-03-20 | 2009-03-20 | Liquid crystal display panel, and manufacture method and display device thereof |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN101840113B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103105703B (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2015-04-29 | 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 | Detection method of alignment layer and relative device |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6665039B1 (en) * | 2000-08-10 | 2003-12-16 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and structure for minimizing shadowing during photo-curing of sealing material by making shadow-producing pattern transparent |
CN1808221A (en) * | 2005-01-18 | 2006-07-26 | 日本电气株式会社 | Liquid crystal display panel and liquid crystal display device |
CN1892390A (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2007-01-10 | 三星电子株式会社 | Array substrate, method of manufacturing the same and liquid crystal display panel having the same |
-
2009
- 2009-03-20 CN CN200910080571.XA patent/CN101840113B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6665039B1 (en) * | 2000-08-10 | 2003-12-16 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and structure for minimizing shadowing during photo-curing of sealing material by making shadow-producing pattern transparent |
CN1808221A (en) * | 2005-01-18 | 2006-07-26 | 日本电气株式会社 | Liquid crystal display panel and liquid crystal display device |
CN1892390A (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2007-01-10 | 三星电子株式会社 | Array substrate, method of manufacturing the same and liquid crystal display panel having the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101840113A (en) | 2010-09-22 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2019184769A1 (en) | Liquid crystal display panel, fabrication method therefor and display device | |
US9568793B2 (en) | Array substrate and method of repairing broken lines for the array substrate | |
JP4344725B2 (en) | Liquid crystal display device and manufacturing method thereof | |
CN102799029B (en) | Liquid crystal display substrate and liquid crystal display device | |
US20060232728A1 (en) | Liquid crystal display and fabricating method thereof | |
TW201137435A (en) | Liquid crystal display device and manufacturing method thereof | |
CN102854667B (en) | Liquid crystal device and manufacture method thereof | |
CN104808377B (en) | The method for showing alignment mark position, array base palte and preparation method thereof | |
US9360728B2 (en) | Liquid crystal display panel and method of manufacturing the same | |
CN104865744A (en) | 3D display device and manufacturing method thereof | |
CN103869549A (en) | Frame structure of liquid crystal display and manufacturing method of liquid crystal display | |
CN103869526A (en) | Display substrate, manufacturing method thereof, display panel and display device | |
CN103413784B (en) | Array substrate, preparing method thereof and display device | |
JP2009042255A (en) | Liquid crystal display device | |
WO2020186565A1 (en) | Substrate manufacturing method and substrate | |
US20120224125A1 (en) | Liquid crystal display | |
CN102779783A (en) | Pixel structure, as well as manufacturing method and display device thereof | |
US20090316089A1 (en) | Liquid crystal display panel and method for fabricating the same | |
JP3741372B2 (en) | Method of manufacturing self-aligned pixel electrode for liquid crystal display | |
WO2017181753A1 (en) | Array substrate, display panel, display device, and method for manufacturing array substrate | |
CN106814508B (en) | Liquid crystal display panel | |
CN106783732B (en) | The preparation method of array substrate and the preparation method of display panel | |
CN103454797B (en) | A kind of liquid crystal display substrate and preparation method thereof, display device | |
CN101840113B (en) | Liquid crystal display panel, and manufacture method and display device thereof | |
CN106773339A (en) | The printing transferring method and display panel of a kind of transfer plate, transfer plate |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |