CN101839341B - Piston ring and surface spongy chromium plating technique thereof - Google Patents

Piston ring and surface spongy chromium plating technique thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101839341B
CN101839341B CN2009102728277A CN200910272827A CN101839341B CN 101839341 B CN101839341 B CN 101839341B CN 2009102728277 A CN2009102728277 A CN 2009102728277A CN 200910272827 A CN200910272827 A CN 200910272827A CN 101839341 B CN101839341 B CN 101839341B
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Prior art keywords
piston ring
chromium plating
porosity
chromium
tank liquor
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CN2009102728277A
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CN101839341A (en
Inventor
王志伦
李垂辉
叶德明
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XIANGFAN XINLI HENGXING PISTON RINGS CO Ltd
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XIANGFAN XINLI HENGXING PISTON RINGS CO Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a piston ring and a surface spongy chromium plating technique thereof. The technical scheme thereof is as follows: the surface of a piston ring body is provided with a chromium plating layer, and the outer surface of the chromium plating layer is provided with a spongy reticulate pattern. The invention comprises the following procedures: preplating, etching, chromium plating, washing, removal of hydrogen, hole loosing, washing and drying. The invention utilizes a reticulate pattern groove on the surface of the piston ring to store lubricating oil, thus greatly reducing the friction coefficient between the piston ring and a cylinder sleeve, improving oil absorbing property, and prolonging the service life of the piston ring and the cylinder sleeve; and compared with the prior art, the invention prolongs the service life of the piston ring and the cylinder sleeve by more than three thousand hours, improves the power of an internal combustion engine by more than 30 percent, saves oil by 25 percent, is capable of reducing the exhaust amount of gas/smoke of the internal combustion engine, and reduces the environment requirements of atmosphere pollution.

Description

A kind of piston ring and surface spongy chromium plating technique thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of internal-combustion engine piston ring and surface spongy chromium plating technique thereof.
Background technique
Piston ring is one of internal-combustion engine vital part, and the quality of piston ring performance characteristic directly influences the performance of motor, it major function be to seal, heat conduction, evenly distribute lubricant oil and support piston.
Piston ring moves reciprocatingly in cylinder in company with piston, be one of worst parts of operating conditions in the motor, and the life-span is the shortest.Characteristics are, operating temperature high and under very high mechanical load high-speed slide, suffer strong wear.The performance that improves piston ring is the key that concerns the engine operation performance, hard chromium plating on the working surface of piston ring, though can improve surface hardness and wear resistance, piston ring heat conduction in cylinder sleeve is slow, easy to wear, the oily uneven shortcoming of cloth is the technical task that needs to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wear-resistant, cloth oily evenly, improve heat-conducting property, obviously improve the product usability, can lower energy consumption again, improve the piston ring of environmental protection efficacy.
The object of the invention also is to provide the surface spongy chromium plating technique of above-mentioned piston ring.
Technological scheme of the present invention is: on the surface of piston ring body one chromium coating is arranged, the outer surface of chromium coating has the porosity reticulate pattern.
The surface spongy chromium plating technique of above-mentioned piston ring comprises: operation before the plating: with embracing round watt piston is encircled circle, compressed with mandrel, seal with sealing rubber, the cylindrical polishing face is to guarantee to have the surface of good roughness, before going into plating tank, use the sandblasting machine sand blast, insert then in 60 ℃~70 ℃ the clear water and wash;
Etching procedure: above-mentioned piston ring is inserted etching in the etching tank liquor;
Etching tank liquor prescription:
Chromic anhydride CrO 3180~200g/L;
Sulfuric acid H 2SO 41.8~2.2g/L;
Trivalent chromium Cr 3+3~4.5g/L,
Current density: 32A/dm 2
Temperature: 58~62 ℃
Time: 20~40s
Chromium plating operation: will insert chromium plating in the hard chromium plating tank liquor from the piston ring of etching procedure;
Hard chromium plating tank liquor composition and process specification
Chromic anhydride CrO 3200~220g/L
Sulfuric acid H 2SO 42.2~2.7g/L
Trivalent chromium Cr 3+3~4.5g/L
Acid is than (CrO 3/ SO 4 2-) 100/1.2
Temperature: 58~60 ℃
Current density: 40~55A/dm 2
Time: 2.4~6.0h
Washing step: the piston ring behind the hard chromium plating inserted in 60~70 ℃ the clear water and wash;
Dehydrogenation operation: the piston ring after the washes clean is put into the baking oven dehydrogenation;
Temperature: 200~220 ℃
Time: 3~4h
Porosity operation: the piston ring after the above-mentioned operation inserted carry out porosity in the porosity tank liquor;
Porosity tank liquor composition and process specification:
Sodium hydroxide NaOH 30~50g/L
Sodium carbonate Na 2CO 320~30g/L
Sodium phosphate Na 3PO 45~10g/L
Current density: 25A/dm 2
PH value 12~13.5
Time 2~3min.
The present invention has mechanical manufacturing procedure between dehydrogenation operation and porosity operation: will encircle height, radial thickness and bucket face degree etc. is worked into the size of product figure requirement.
The present invention has the washing drying process after the porosity operation: the piston ring behind the porosity is inserted in 60~70 ℃ the clear water and wash, insert then in 85~95 ℃ the baking oven and toast 5~8min.
Technological process is: embrace and encircle → seal → nylon emery wheel polishing → sandblast → washing → etching → chromium plating → washing → dehydrogenation → machining → porosity → mobile washing → antirust dipping.
The equipment of implementing the inventive method comprises that cylindrical sandblasting machine, piston encircle circular knitting machine, nylon buffing machine, transport airplane or lifting appliance, rotation chrome plating equipment and relevant supplementary equipment.Implement equipment of the present invention and need be conventional chrome plating equipment.
The present invention utilizes the reticulate pattern groove on piston ring surface to store lubricant oil, greatly reduces the friction factor of piston ring and cylinder sleeve, is improving oiliness, has improved the working life of piston ring and cylinder sleeve.
The present invention compared with prior art has following good effect:
1. can improve the working environment of piston in cylinder sleeve economical, easily, reduce the friction factor of piston ring and cylinder sleeve, the working life of improving piston ring.
2. utilize piston ring surface chromium layer reticulate pattern groove, store lubricant oil, can more uniform distribution lubricant oil in the motion repeatedly of piston ring.
3. can cut down the consumption of energy greatly, and can reach environmental requirement.
In sum, reach more than 3,000 hours the working life that the present invention has improved piston ring and cylinder liner compared to prior art, improves power of IC engine more than 30%, fuel-efficient up to 25%, can reduce the exhaust/cigarette amount of internal-combustion engine, reduces the environmental requirement of pollution of atmosphere.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is embodiment 1 spongy chromium plating piston ring surface microstructure figure.
Fig. 3 is embodiment 1 a spongy chromium plating piston ring porosity degree of depth micro-structure diagram.
Embodiment
Among Fig. 1: on the surface of piston ring 1 body one chromium coating 2 is arranged, the outer surface of chromium coating 2 has porosity reticulate pattern groove 3.The thickness of chromium coating 2 is 0.012~0.016mm, porosity reticulate pattern groove 3 degree of depth 0.02~0.03mm.
Embodiment 1
Get some piston rings and piston is encircled circle, compressed, guarantee that the both ends of the surface of piston ring are tightly fitted, seal the cylindrical polishing face to guarantee that the surface of good roughness is arranged, before going into plating tank, use the sandblasting machine sand blast with sealing rubber with mandrel with embracing round watt.Insert then in 60 ℃ the clear water and wash.Insert 180g/L chromic anhydride CrO again 3, 1.8g/L sulfuric acid H 2SO 4, the trivalent chromium Cr of 3.0g/L 3+, etching 25s in 58 ℃ the tank liquor.
Insert 200g/L chromic anhydride CrO then 3, 2.2g/L sulfuric acid H 2SO 4, 3.0g/L trivalent chromium Cr 3+, acid is than (CrO 3/ SO 4 2-) be: 100/1.2, temperature is 58 ℃, current density is 40A/dm 2Tank liquor in chromium plating 3.0h.
Take out the piston ring in the chromium plating tank liquor, piston ring is inserted in 60 ℃ the clear water and wash.It is 200 ℃ baking oven dehydrogenation that piston ring after the washes clean is put into temperature, and the time is in 3 hours 15 minutes.Then piston ring is returned machine shop and carry out processing such as radial thickness and bucket face degree, guarantee to satisfy the size requirement of product figure to the piston ring in this step.
Piston ring after the above-mentioned operation is inserted 30g/L sodium hydroxide (NaOH), 20g/L sodium carbonate (Na 2CO 3), 5.0g/L sodium phosphate (Na 3PO 4), pH value is to carry out porosity in 12 the tank liquor, the porosity time is 2min.
At last the piston ring behind the porosity is inserted the clear water washing of flowing, insert in the inter-process antirust water then and flood.Finish to this whole spongy chromium plating technique process.
Spongy chromium plating piston ring surface microstructure figure through the present embodiment sees Fig. 2.
Spongy chromium plating piston ring porosity degree of depth micro-structure diagram through the present embodiment is seen Fig. 3.
Embodiment 2
Get some piston rings and piston is encircled circle, compressed, guarantee that two end faces of piston ring are tightly fitted, seal the cylindrical polishing face to guarantee that the surface of good roughness is arranged, before going into plating tank, use the sandblasting machine sand blast with sealing rubber with mandrel with embracing round watt.Insert then in 60 ℃ the clear water and wash.Insert 190g/L chromic anhydride CrO after drying 3, 1.9g/L sulfuric acid H 2SO 4, the trivalent chromium Cr of 3.5g/L 3+, etching 26s in 60 ℃ the tank liquor.
Insert 210g/L chromic anhydride CrO then 3, 2.3g/L sulfuric acid H 2SO 4, 3.2g/L trivalent chromium Cr 3+, acid is than (CrO 3/ SO 4 2-) be: 100/1.2, temperature is 58 ℃, current density is 42A/dm 2Tank liquor in chromium plating 3.2 hours.
Take out the piston ring in the chromium plating tank liquor, piston ring is inserted in 60 ℃ the clear water and wash.It is 200 ℃ baking oven dehydrogenation that piston ring after the washes clean is put into temperature, and the time is in 3 hours 30 minutes.Then piston ring is returned machine shop and carry out processing such as radial thickness and bucket face degree, guarantee to satisfy the size requirement of product figure to the piston ring in this step.
Piston ring after the above-mentioned operation is inserted 35g/L sodium hydroxide (NaOH), 22g/L sodium carbonate (Na 2CO 3), 6.0g/L sodium phosphate (Na 3PO 4), pH value is to carry out porosity in 12.3 the tank liquor, the porosity time is 2.2min.
At last the piston ring behind the porosity is inserted the clear water washing of flowing, insert in the inter-process antirust water then and flood.Finish to this whole spongy chromium plating technique process.
Its finished product chromium layer thickness has increase slightly, and the porosity degree of depth has increase slightly.
Embodiment 3
Get some piston rings and piston is encircled circle, compressed, guarantee that two end faces of piston ring are tightly fitted, seal the cylindrical polishing face to guarantee that the surface of good roughness is arranged, before going into plating tank, use the sandblasting machine sand blast with sealing rubber with mandrel with embracing round watt.Insert then in 60 ℃ the clear water and wash.Insert 200g/L chromic anhydride CrO after drying 32.0g/L sulfuric acid H 2SO 4, the trivalent chromium Cr of 3.8g/L 3+, etching 28s in 60 ℃ the tank liquor.
Insert 210g/L chromic anhydride CrO then 3, 2.3g/L sulfuric acid H 2SO 4, 3.2g/L trivalent chromium Cr 3+Acid is than (CrO 3/ SO 4 2-) be: 100/1.2, temperature is 58 ℃, current density is 42A/dm 2Tank liquor in chromium plating 3.2 hours.
Take out the piston ring in the chromium plating tank liquor, piston ring is inserted in 60 ℃ the clear water and wash.It is 210 ℃ baking oven dehydrogenation that piston ring after the washes clean is put into temperature, and the time is in 3 hours 40 minutes.Then piston ring is returned machine shop and carry out processing such as radial thickness and bucket face degree, guarantee to satisfy the size requirement of product figure to the piston ring in this step.
Piston ring after the above-mentioned operation is inserted 38g/L sodium hydroxide (NaOH), 24g/L sodium carbonate (Na 2CO 3), 6.5g/L sodium phosphate (Na 3PO 4), pH value is to carry out porosity in 12.5 the tank liquor, the porosity time is 2.4min.
At last the piston ring behind the porosity is inserted the clear water washing of flowing, insert in the inter-process antirust water then and flood.Finish to this whole spongy chromium plating technique process.
Its finished product chromium layer thickness has increase slightly than embodiment 2, and the porosity degree of depth has increase slightly than embodiment 2.
Embodiment 4
Get some piston rings and piston is encircled circle, compressed, guarantee that two end faces of piston ring are tightly fitted, seal the cylindrical polishing face to guarantee that the surface of good roughness is arranged, before going into plating tank, use the sandblasting machine sand blast with sealing rubber with mandrel with embracing round watt.Insert then in 60 ℃ the clear water and wash.Insert 210g/L chromic anhydride CrO after drying 3, 2.1g/L sulfuric acid H 2SO 4, the trivalent chromium Cr of 4.0g/L 3+, etching 30s in 60 ℃ the tank liquor.
Insert 210g/L chromic anhydride CrO then 3,2.4g/L sulfuric acid H 2SO 43.4g/L trivalent chromium Cr 3+Acid is than (CrO 3/ SO 4 2-) be: 100/1.2; Temperature is 59 ℃, and current density is 44A/dm 2Tank liquor in chromium plating 3.4 hours.
Take out the piston ring in the chromium plating tank liquor, piston ring is inserted in 60 ℃ the clear water and wash.It is 210 ℃ baking oven dehydrogenation that piston ring after the washes clean is put into temperature, and the time is in 3 hours 50 minutes.Then piston ring is returned machine shop and carry out processing such as radial thickness and bucket face degree, guarantee to satisfy the size requirement of product figure to the piston ring in this step.
Piston ring after the above-mentioned operation is inserted 40g/L sodium hydroxide (NaOH), 26g/L sodium carbonate (Na 2CO 3), 6.7g/L sodium phosphate (Na 3PO 4), pH value is to carry out porosity in 12.7 the tank liquor, the porosity time is 2.5min.
At last the piston ring behind the porosity is inserted the clear water washing of flowing, insert in the inter-process antirust water then and flood.Finish to this whole spongy chromium plating technique process.
Its finished product chromium layer thickness has increase slightly than embodiment 4, and the porosity degree of depth has increase slightly than embodiment 4.
Embodiment 5
Get some piston rings and piston is encircled circle, compressed, guarantee that two end faces of piston ring are tightly fitted, seal the cylindrical polishing face to guarantee that the surface of good roughness is arranged, before going into plating tank, use the sandblasting machine sand blast with sealing rubber with mandrel with embracing round watt.Insert then in 60 ℃ the clear water and wash.Insert 210g/L chromic anhydride CrO after drying 3, 2.5g/L sulfuric acid H 2SO 4, the trivalent chromium Cr of 4.2g/L 3+, etching 35s in 60 ℃ the tank liquor.
Insert 220g/L chromic anhydride CrO then 3, 2.5g/L sulfuric acid H 2SO 4, 3.6g/L trivalent chromium Cr 3+, acid is than (CrO 3/ SO 4 2-) be: 100/1.2, temperature is 60 ℃, current density is 44A/dm 2Tank liquor in chromium plating 3.5 hours.
Take out the piston ring in the chromium plating tank liquor, piston ring is inserted in 60 ℃ the clear water and wash.It is 220 ℃ baking oven dehydrogenation that piston ring after the washes clean is put into temperature, and the time is 4 hours.Then piston ring is returned machine shop and carry out processing such as radial thickness and bucket face degree, guarantee to satisfy the size requirement of product figure to the piston ring in this step.
Piston ring after the above-mentioned operation is inserted 42g/L sodium hydroxide (NaOH), 28g/L sodium carbonate (Na 2CO 3), 6.9g/L sodium phosphate (Na 3PO 4), pH value is to carry out porosity in 12.8 the tank liquor, the porosity time is 2.7min.
At last the piston ring behind the porosity is inserted the clear water washing of flowing, insert in the inter-process antirust water then and flood.Finish to this whole spongy chromium plating technique process.
Its finished product chromium layer thickness has increase slightly than embodiment 5, and the porosity degree of depth has increase slightly than embodiment 5.
Embodiment 6
Get some piston rings and piston is encircled circle, compressed, guarantee that two end faces of piston ring are tightly fitted, seal the cylindrical polishing face to guarantee that the surface of good roughness is arranged, before going into plating tank, use the sandblasting machine sand blast with sealing rubber with mandrel with embracing round watt.Insert then in 60 ℃ the clear water and wash.Insert 200g/L chromic anhydride CrO after drying 3, 2.0g/L sulfuric acid H 2SO 4, the trivalent chromium Cr of 5.2g/L 3+, etching 35s in 60 ℃ the tank liquor.
Insert 220g/L chromic anhydride CrO then 3, 2.7g/L sulfuric acid H 2SO 4, 4.5g/L trivalent chromium Cr 3+, acid is than (CrO 3/ SO 4 2-) be: 100/1.2, temperature is 70 ℃, current density is 44A/dm 2Tank liquor in chromium plating 3.5 hours.
Take out the piston ring in the chromium plating tank liquor, piston ring is inserted in 70 ℃ the clear water and wash.It is 220 ℃ baking oven dehydrogenation that piston ring after the washes clean is put into temperature, and the time is 4.5 hours.Then piston ring is returned machine shop and carry out processing such as radial thickness and bucket face degree, guarantee to satisfy the size requirement of product figure to the piston ring in this step.
Piston ring after the above-mentioned operation is inserted 50g/L sodium hydroxide (NaOH), 30g/L sodium carbonate (Na 2CO 3), 9.8g/L sodium phosphate (Na 3PO 4), pH value is to carry out porosity in 13.5 the tank liquor, the porosity time is 2.7min.
At last the piston ring behind the porosity is inserted the clear water washing of flowing, insert in the inter-process antirust water then and flood.Finish to this whole spongy chromium plating technique process.
Its finished product chromium layer thickness has increase slightly than embodiment 5, and the porosity degree of depth has increase slightly than embodiment 5.

Claims (4)

1. the surface spongy chromium plating technique of a piston ring, it is characterized in that: comprise the preceding operation of plating: piston is encircled circle with embracing round watt, compressed with mandrel, seal with sealing rubber, the cylindrical polishing face is to guarantee to have the surface of good roughness, before going into plating tank, use the sandblasting machine sand blast, insert then in 60 ℃~70 ℃ the clear water and wash;
Etching procedure: above-mentioned piston ring is inserted etching in the etching tank liquor,
Etching tank liquor prescription:
Chromic anhydride CrO 3180~200g/L,
Sulfuric acid H 2SO 41.8~2.2g/L,
Trivalent chromium Cr 3+3~4.5g/L,
Current density: 32A/dm 2,
Temperature: 58~62 ℃,
Time: 20~40s;
Chromium plating operation: will insert chromium plating in the hard chromium plating tank liquor from the piston ring of etching procedure, hard chromium plating tank liquor composition and process specification
Chromic anhydride CrO 3200~220g/L,
Sulfuric acid H 2SO 42.2~2.7g/L,
Trivalent chromium Cr 3+3~4.5g/L,
CrO is compared in acid 3/ SO 4 2-100/1.2,
Temperature: 58~60 ℃,
Current density: 40~55A/dm 2
Time: 2.4~6.0h;
Washing step: the piston ring behind the hard chromium plating inserted in 60~70 ℃ the clear water and wash;
The dehydrogenation operation: the piston ring after the washes clean is put into the baking oven dehydrogenation,
Temperature: 200~220 ℃,
Time: 3~4h;
The porosity operation: piston ring inserted carry out porosity in the porosity tank liquor,
Porosity tank liquor composition and process specification:
Sodium hydroxide NaOH 30~50g/L,
Sodium carbonate Na 2CO 320~30g/L,
Sodium phosphate Na 3PO 45~10g/L,
Current density: 25A/dm 2,
PH value 12~13.5,
Time 2~3min.
2. according to the surface spongy chromium plating technique of the described piston ring of claim 1, it is characterized in that: between dehydrogenation operation and porosity operation, mechanical manufacturing procedure is arranged: will encircle the size that height, radial thickness and bucket face degree are worked into product figure requirement.
3. according to the surface spongy chromium plating technique of the described piston ring of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the washing drying process is arranged after the porosity operation: the piston ring behind the porosity is inserted in 60~70 ℃ the clear water and wash, insert then in 85~95 ℃ the baking oven and toast 5~8min.
4. the piston ring made of the surface spongy chromium plating technique of the described piston ring of claim 1, it is characterized in that: on the surface of piston ring body one chromium coating is arranged, the outer surface of chromium coating has the porosity reticulate pattern.
CN2009102728277A 2009-11-14 2009-11-14 Piston ring and surface spongy chromium plating technique thereof Expired - Fee Related CN101839341B (en)

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JP5636140B1 (en) * 2013-02-13 2014-12-03 日本化学工業株式会社 Piston ring and manufacturing method thereof
CN105586613A (en) * 2014-10-22 2016-05-18 北京实验工厂 Hard chromium plating method and solution formula for piston rod class parts
CN108999714B (en) * 2018-08-10 2021-05-28 重庆理工大学 High-performance cylinder sleeve assembly and manufacturing method thereof
CN109098871B (en) * 2018-08-10 2021-03-02 重庆理工大学 Manufacturing method of ship engine cylinder sleeve
CN113584548A (en) * 2021-08-04 2021-11-02 长沙正圆动力科技有限责任公司 Composite plating process for chromium-base ceramic of piston ring
CN114875466B (en) * 2022-06-07 2024-03-22 中国航发航空科技股份有限公司 Size repair fixture and repair method for non-decomposable bearing part

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