Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wear-resistant, cloth oily evenly, improve heat-conducting property, obviously improve the product usability, can lower energy consumption again, improve the piston ring of environmental protection efficacy.
The object of the invention also is to provide the surface spongy chromium plating technique of above-mentioned piston ring.
Technological scheme of the present invention is: on the surface of piston ring body one chromium coating is arranged, the outer surface of chromium coating has the porosity reticulate pattern.
The surface spongy chromium plating technique of above-mentioned piston ring comprises: operation before the plating: with embracing round watt piston is encircled circle, compressed with mandrel, seal with sealing rubber, the cylindrical polishing face is to guarantee to have the surface of good roughness, before going into plating tank, use the sandblasting machine sand blast, insert then in 60 ℃~70 ℃ the clear water and wash;
Etching procedure: above-mentioned piston ring is inserted etching in the etching tank liquor;
Etching tank liquor prescription:
Chromic anhydride CrO
3180~200g/L;
Sulfuric acid H
2SO
41.8~2.2g/L;
Trivalent chromium Cr
3+3~4.5g/L,
Current density: 32A/dm
2
Temperature: 58~62 ℃
Time: 20~40s
Chromium plating operation: will insert chromium plating in the hard chromium plating tank liquor from the piston ring of etching procedure;
Hard chromium plating tank liquor composition and process specification
Chromic anhydride CrO
3200~220g/L
Sulfuric acid H
2SO
42.2~2.7g/L
Trivalent chromium Cr
3+3~4.5g/L
Acid is than (CrO
3/ SO
4 2-) 100/1.2
Temperature: 58~60 ℃
Current density: 40~55A/dm
2
Time: 2.4~6.0h
Washing step: the piston ring behind the hard chromium plating inserted in 60~70 ℃ the clear water and wash;
Dehydrogenation operation: the piston ring after the washes clean is put into the baking oven dehydrogenation;
Temperature: 200~220 ℃
Time: 3~4h
Porosity operation: the piston ring after the above-mentioned operation inserted carry out porosity in the porosity tank liquor;
Porosity tank liquor composition and process specification:
Sodium hydroxide NaOH 30~50g/L
Sodium carbonate Na
2CO
320~30g/L
Sodium phosphate Na
3PO
45~10g/L
Current density: 25A/dm
2
PH value 12~13.5
Time 2~3min.
The present invention has mechanical manufacturing procedure between dehydrogenation operation and porosity operation: will encircle height, radial thickness and bucket face degree etc. is worked into the size of product figure requirement.
The present invention has the washing drying process after the porosity operation: the piston ring behind the porosity is inserted in 60~70 ℃ the clear water and wash, insert then in 85~95 ℃ the baking oven and toast 5~8min.
Technological process is: embrace and encircle → seal → nylon emery wheel polishing → sandblast → washing → etching → chromium plating → washing → dehydrogenation → machining → porosity → mobile washing → antirust dipping.
The equipment of implementing the inventive method comprises that cylindrical sandblasting machine, piston encircle circular knitting machine, nylon buffing machine, transport airplane or lifting appliance, rotation chrome plating equipment and relevant supplementary equipment.Implement equipment of the present invention and need be conventional chrome plating equipment.
The present invention utilizes the reticulate pattern groove on piston ring surface to store lubricant oil, greatly reduces the friction factor of piston ring and cylinder sleeve, is improving oiliness, has improved the working life of piston ring and cylinder sleeve.
The present invention compared with prior art has following good effect:
1. can improve the working environment of piston in cylinder sleeve economical, easily, reduce the friction factor of piston ring and cylinder sleeve, the working life of improving piston ring.
2. utilize piston ring surface chromium layer reticulate pattern groove, store lubricant oil, can more uniform distribution lubricant oil in the motion repeatedly of piston ring.
3. can cut down the consumption of energy greatly, and can reach environmental requirement.
In sum, reach more than 3,000 hours the working life that the present invention has improved piston ring and cylinder liner compared to prior art, improves power of IC engine more than 30%, fuel-efficient up to 25%, can reduce the exhaust/cigarette amount of internal-combustion engine, reduces the environmental requirement of pollution of atmosphere.
Embodiment
Among Fig. 1: on the surface of piston ring 1 body one chromium coating 2 is arranged, the outer surface of chromium coating 2 has porosity reticulate pattern groove 3.The thickness of chromium coating 2 is 0.012~0.016mm, porosity reticulate pattern groove 3 degree of depth 0.02~0.03mm.
Embodiment 1
Get some piston rings and piston is encircled circle, compressed, guarantee that the both ends of the surface of piston ring are tightly fitted, seal the cylindrical polishing face to guarantee that the surface of good roughness is arranged, before going into plating tank, use the sandblasting machine sand blast with sealing rubber with mandrel with embracing round watt.Insert then in 60 ℃ the clear water and wash.Insert 180g/L chromic anhydride CrO again
3, 1.8g/L sulfuric acid H
2SO
4, the trivalent chromium Cr of 3.0g/L
3+, etching 25s in 58 ℃ the tank liquor.
Insert 200g/L chromic anhydride CrO then
3, 2.2g/L sulfuric acid H
2SO
4, 3.0g/L trivalent chromium Cr
3+, acid is than (CrO
3/ SO
4 2-) be: 100/1.2, temperature is 58 ℃, current density is 40A/dm
2Tank liquor in chromium plating 3.0h.
Take out the piston ring in the chromium plating tank liquor, piston ring is inserted in 60 ℃ the clear water and wash.It is 200 ℃ baking oven dehydrogenation that piston ring after the washes clean is put into temperature, and the time is in 3 hours 15 minutes.Then piston ring is returned machine shop and carry out processing such as radial thickness and bucket face degree, guarantee to satisfy the size requirement of product figure to the piston ring in this step.
Piston ring after the above-mentioned operation is inserted 30g/L sodium hydroxide (NaOH), 20g/L sodium carbonate (Na
2CO
3), 5.0g/L sodium phosphate (Na
3PO
4), pH value is to carry out porosity in 12 the tank liquor, the porosity time is 2min.
At last the piston ring behind the porosity is inserted the clear water washing of flowing, insert in the inter-process antirust water then and flood.Finish to this whole spongy chromium plating technique process.
Spongy chromium plating piston ring surface microstructure figure through the present embodiment sees Fig. 2.
Spongy chromium plating piston ring porosity degree of depth micro-structure diagram through the present embodiment is seen Fig. 3.
Embodiment 2
Get some piston rings and piston is encircled circle, compressed, guarantee that two end faces of piston ring are tightly fitted, seal the cylindrical polishing face to guarantee that the surface of good roughness is arranged, before going into plating tank, use the sandblasting machine sand blast with sealing rubber with mandrel with embracing round watt.Insert then in 60 ℃ the clear water and wash.Insert 190g/L chromic anhydride CrO after drying
3, 1.9g/L sulfuric acid H
2SO
4, the trivalent chromium Cr of 3.5g/L
3+, etching 26s in 60 ℃ the tank liquor.
Insert 210g/L chromic anhydride CrO then
3, 2.3g/L sulfuric acid H
2SO
4, 3.2g/L trivalent chromium Cr
3+, acid is than (CrO
3/ SO
4 2-) be: 100/1.2, temperature is 58 ℃, current density is 42A/dm
2Tank liquor in chromium plating 3.2 hours.
Take out the piston ring in the chromium plating tank liquor, piston ring is inserted in 60 ℃ the clear water and wash.It is 200 ℃ baking oven dehydrogenation that piston ring after the washes clean is put into temperature, and the time is in 3 hours 30 minutes.Then piston ring is returned machine shop and carry out processing such as radial thickness and bucket face degree, guarantee to satisfy the size requirement of product figure to the piston ring in this step.
Piston ring after the above-mentioned operation is inserted 35g/L sodium hydroxide (NaOH), 22g/L sodium carbonate (Na
2CO
3), 6.0g/L sodium phosphate (Na
3PO
4), pH value is to carry out porosity in 12.3 the tank liquor, the porosity time is 2.2min.
At last the piston ring behind the porosity is inserted the clear water washing of flowing, insert in the inter-process antirust water then and flood.Finish to this whole spongy chromium plating technique process.
Its finished product chromium layer thickness has increase slightly, and the porosity degree of depth has increase slightly.
Embodiment 3
Get some piston rings and piston is encircled circle, compressed, guarantee that two end faces of piston ring are tightly fitted, seal the cylindrical polishing face to guarantee that the surface of good roughness is arranged, before going into plating tank, use the sandblasting machine sand blast with sealing rubber with mandrel with embracing round watt.Insert then in 60 ℃ the clear water and wash.Insert 200g/L chromic anhydride CrO after drying
32.0g/L sulfuric acid H
2SO
4, the trivalent chromium Cr of 3.8g/L
3+, etching 28s in 60 ℃ the tank liquor.
Insert 210g/L chromic anhydride CrO then
3, 2.3g/L sulfuric acid H
2SO
4, 3.2g/L trivalent chromium Cr
3+Acid is than (CrO
3/ SO
4 2-) be: 100/1.2, temperature is 58 ℃, current density is 42A/dm
2Tank liquor in chromium plating 3.2 hours.
Take out the piston ring in the chromium plating tank liquor, piston ring is inserted in 60 ℃ the clear water and wash.It is 210 ℃ baking oven dehydrogenation that piston ring after the washes clean is put into temperature, and the time is in 3 hours 40 minutes.Then piston ring is returned machine shop and carry out processing such as radial thickness and bucket face degree, guarantee to satisfy the size requirement of product figure to the piston ring in this step.
Piston ring after the above-mentioned operation is inserted 38g/L sodium hydroxide (NaOH), 24g/L sodium carbonate (Na
2CO
3), 6.5g/L sodium phosphate (Na
3PO
4), pH value is to carry out porosity in 12.5 the tank liquor, the porosity time is 2.4min.
At last the piston ring behind the porosity is inserted the clear water washing of flowing, insert in the inter-process antirust water then and flood.Finish to this whole spongy chromium plating technique process.
Its finished product chromium layer thickness has increase slightly than embodiment 2, and the porosity degree of depth has increase slightly than embodiment 2.
Embodiment 4
Get some piston rings and piston is encircled circle, compressed, guarantee that two end faces of piston ring are tightly fitted, seal the cylindrical polishing face to guarantee that the surface of good roughness is arranged, before going into plating tank, use the sandblasting machine sand blast with sealing rubber with mandrel with embracing round watt.Insert then in 60 ℃ the clear water and wash.Insert 210g/L chromic anhydride CrO after drying
3, 2.1g/L sulfuric acid H
2SO
4, the trivalent chromium Cr of 4.0g/L
3+, etching 30s in 60 ℃ the tank liquor.
Insert 210g/L chromic anhydride CrO then
3,2.4g/L sulfuric acid H
2SO
43.4g/L trivalent chromium Cr
3+Acid is than (CrO
3/ SO
4 2-) be: 100/1.2; Temperature is 59 ℃, and current density is 44A/dm
2Tank liquor in chromium plating 3.4 hours.
Take out the piston ring in the chromium plating tank liquor, piston ring is inserted in 60 ℃ the clear water and wash.It is 210 ℃ baking oven dehydrogenation that piston ring after the washes clean is put into temperature, and the time is in 3 hours 50 minutes.Then piston ring is returned machine shop and carry out processing such as radial thickness and bucket face degree, guarantee to satisfy the size requirement of product figure to the piston ring in this step.
Piston ring after the above-mentioned operation is inserted 40g/L sodium hydroxide (NaOH), 26g/L sodium carbonate (Na
2CO
3), 6.7g/L sodium phosphate (Na
3PO
4), pH value is to carry out porosity in 12.7 the tank liquor, the porosity time is 2.5min.
At last the piston ring behind the porosity is inserted the clear water washing of flowing, insert in the inter-process antirust water then and flood.Finish to this whole spongy chromium plating technique process.
Its finished product chromium layer thickness has increase slightly than embodiment 4, and the porosity degree of depth has increase slightly than embodiment 4.
Embodiment 5
Get some piston rings and piston is encircled circle, compressed, guarantee that two end faces of piston ring are tightly fitted, seal the cylindrical polishing face to guarantee that the surface of good roughness is arranged, before going into plating tank, use the sandblasting machine sand blast with sealing rubber with mandrel with embracing round watt.Insert then in 60 ℃ the clear water and wash.Insert 210g/L chromic anhydride CrO after drying
3, 2.5g/L sulfuric acid H
2SO
4, the trivalent chromium Cr of 4.2g/L
3+, etching 35s in 60 ℃ the tank liquor.
Insert 220g/L chromic anhydride CrO then
3, 2.5g/L sulfuric acid H
2SO
4, 3.6g/L trivalent chromium Cr
3+, acid is than (CrO
3/ SO
4 2-) be: 100/1.2, temperature is 60 ℃, current density is 44A/dm
2Tank liquor in chromium plating 3.5 hours.
Take out the piston ring in the chromium plating tank liquor, piston ring is inserted in 60 ℃ the clear water and wash.It is 220 ℃ baking oven dehydrogenation that piston ring after the washes clean is put into temperature, and the time is 4 hours.Then piston ring is returned machine shop and carry out processing such as radial thickness and bucket face degree, guarantee to satisfy the size requirement of product figure to the piston ring in this step.
Piston ring after the above-mentioned operation is inserted 42g/L sodium hydroxide (NaOH), 28g/L sodium carbonate (Na
2CO
3), 6.9g/L sodium phosphate (Na
3PO
4), pH value is to carry out porosity in 12.8 the tank liquor, the porosity time is 2.7min.
At last the piston ring behind the porosity is inserted the clear water washing of flowing, insert in the inter-process antirust water then and flood.Finish to this whole spongy chromium plating technique process.
Its finished product chromium layer thickness has increase slightly than embodiment 5, and the porosity degree of depth has increase slightly than embodiment 5.
Embodiment 6
Get some piston rings and piston is encircled circle, compressed, guarantee that two end faces of piston ring are tightly fitted, seal the cylindrical polishing face to guarantee that the surface of good roughness is arranged, before going into plating tank, use the sandblasting machine sand blast with sealing rubber with mandrel with embracing round watt.Insert then in 60 ℃ the clear water and wash.Insert 200g/L chromic anhydride CrO after drying
3, 2.0g/L sulfuric acid H
2SO
4, the trivalent chromium Cr of 5.2g/L
3+, etching 35s in 60 ℃ the tank liquor.
Insert 220g/L chromic anhydride CrO then
3, 2.7g/L sulfuric acid H
2SO
4, 4.5g/L trivalent chromium Cr
3+, acid is than (CrO
3/ SO
4 2-) be: 100/1.2, temperature is 70 ℃, current density is 44A/dm
2Tank liquor in chromium plating 3.5 hours.
Take out the piston ring in the chromium plating tank liquor, piston ring is inserted in 70 ℃ the clear water and wash.It is 220 ℃ baking oven dehydrogenation that piston ring after the washes clean is put into temperature, and the time is 4.5 hours.Then piston ring is returned machine shop and carry out processing such as radial thickness and bucket face degree, guarantee to satisfy the size requirement of product figure to the piston ring in this step.
Piston ring after the above-mentioned operation is inserted 50g/L sodium hydroxide (NaOH), 30g/L sodium carbonate (Na
2CO
3), 9.8g/L sodium phosphate (Na
3PO
4), pH value is to carry out porosity in 13.5 the tank liquor, the porosity time is 2.7min.
At last the piston ring behind the porosity is inserted the clear water washing of flowing, insert in the inter-process antirust water then and flood.Finish to this whole spongy chromium plating technique process.
Its finished product chromium layer thickness has increase slightly than embodiment 5, and the porosity degree of depth has increase slightly than embodiment 5.