CN101837457B - Method for preparing nanocrystalline copper by explosive loading and device thereof - Google Patents
Method for preparing nanocrystalline copper by explosive loading and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101837457B CN101837457B CN2009100303037A CN200910030303A CN101837457B CN 101837457 B CN101837457 B CN 101837457B CN 2009100303037 A CN2009100303037 A CN 2009100303037A CN 200910030303 A CN200910030303 A CN 200910030303A CN 101837457 B CN101837457 B CN 101837457B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing nanocrystalline copper by explosive loading. The method comprises the following steps of: first, blank processing: processing coarse copper into a cylinder shape; then, blank mounting: forming a cylindrical groove on a base plate, and arranging the processed cylindrical blank in the groove of the base plate and fixing; assembly of an explosive loading device: arranging a hitting flier plate on a support part at the upper part of the base plate, and arranging a medicine box on the upper surface of the hitting flier plate; explosive loading: arranging explosives in the medicine box, detonating by a primer, and hitting the blank by the flier plate at high speed under the driving of the explosive explosion; finally, blank recovery and cutting: recovering the blank hit at high speed, and cutting by required size to obtain the required nanocrystalline copper. The invention also discloses a device thereof. The method and the device can effectively decrease the preparation cost of the blocky nanocrystalline copper and have good market prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of method and device thereof for preparing nanocrystalline copper, particularly a kind of method for preparing nanocrystalline copper by explosive loading and device thereof.
Background technology
The nanocrystalline metal block materials has high strength, high specific heat and high thermal expansion coefficient, high resistivity, good many excellent properties such as plastic deformation ability.At present, caused the countries in the world concern, therefore its preparation method also becomes the focus of material circle research.
At present, the method for preparing the nanocrystalline metal block materials can be divided into two big classes: the one, and the small metal particles of preparation nanometer scale obtains the nanocrystalline metal block materials in the approach through compacting, sintering, as powder metallurgic method earlier; The 2nd, the bulk metal material of macroscopic view is carried out special PROCESS FOR TREATMENT obtain the nanocrystalline metal block materials, as severe plastic deformation method, amorphous crystallization method, or directly prepare bulk nanometer material, as electrodeposition process etc. through special process.H.Gleiter etc. adopt inert gases agglomeration and vacuum in-situ techniques to prepare nano metal material first, and its average grain size is 10nm (H.Gleiter, P.Marquardt.Z Metallk, 1984,75 (4): 263); Valiev R.Z. is at С e г а л в. М. and adopt violent plastic deformation method to obtain brilliant and bulk nanometer metal material (the Valiev R.Z. of sub-micro on the basis of work first, Korznikov A.V., Mulyukov R.R. //Mater.Sci.Eng.1993, A186:141).
Adopt the main weak point of first kind method to be, have defectives such as impurity and hole inevitably in the brilliant material of the solid nano of preparation, thereby can influence the performance of nano material, also can influence research simultaneously nanometer material structure and performance; Adopt the severe plastic deformation method can prepare the nano bulk material that volume is big, density is high, crystal grain boundary is clean, limitation is the preparation cost height, and the grain size scope is bigger; And electrodeposition process etc. can only obtain the nano crystal metal material of thinner thickness.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly can reduce the bulk nanometer material manufacturing cost effectively, when avoiding the harm of extraneous contamination and residual porosity, obtain the method for preparing nanocrystalline copper by explosive loading and the device thereof of three-dimensional blocks of large nanocrystalline material.
The technical solution that realizes the object of the invention is: a kind of method of preparing nanocrystalline copper by explosive loading, at first, turned blank: coarse-grain copper blank is processed into cylindricality; Then, blank is installed: on backing plate, offer cylindrical groove, manufactured cylindrical workpiece is placed in the groove of backing plate fixing; Then, assembling blast charger: strike flies plate and is positioned on the support component on backing plate top, and strike flies plate upper surface place and is provided with medicine box; Secondly, blast loads: lay explosive in medicine box, explosion velocity of explosive is 3200m/s, by cap sensitive, makes to fly plate under explosive detonation drives, and hits blank at a high speed; At last, reclaim cutting blank: will regain through the blank that hits at a high speed, and cut into the size that needs, and can obtain required bulk nano-crystalline copper product.
A kind of preparing nanocrystalline copper by explosive loading device, comprise backing plate, strike flies plate, backing plate is positioned at bottom of device, this device also comprises support component and medicine box, strike flies plate and is positioned on the support component on backing plate top, strike flies the plate upper surface and is provided with medicine box, be provided with groove in the middle of the backing plate, be used for fixing blank.
The present invention compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage: be raw material 1,, fundamentally avoided the harm of extraneous contamination and residual porosity with block coarse-grain copper; 2, violent plastic deformation method such as same SPD, DPD compares, and uses the explosive charge driving to fly plate strike coarse-grain copper and can obtain higher strain rate, can directly prepare the three-dimensional blocks of large nanocrystalline copper with thinner crystal particle scale; 3, copper post lower end is placed in the groove that is provided with on the backing plate, in the process that blast loads, because the radially self-expanding effect of copper post will make it be fixed in the groove, is convenient to the recovery of test specimen; 4, needn't production equipment special, possess the simple advantage of economy, equipment of blast processing, created condition for the large-scale production of this material, be easy to be extended and applied.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of method for preparing nanocrystalline copper by explosive loading corollary apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the operational flowchart of method for preparing nanocrystalline copper by explosive loading of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the present invention discloses a kind of method of preparing nanocrystalline copper by explosive loading, at first, and turned blank: coarse-grain copper blank 5 is processed into cylinder shape, but after strike, can produce waste material, so effect is best because of being processed into columniform blank; Then, blank is installed: on backing plate 6, offer a groove, the shape of groove need be consistent with the shape of blank 5, the degree of depth of groove is about 1/3rd to 1/5th of blank 5 height, manufactured cylindrical workpiece 5 is placed in the groove of backing plate 6 fixingly, can uses the method for electric welding that blank 5 is fixed in the groove; Then, assembling blast charger: strike flies plate and is positioned on the support component 4 on backing plate 6 tops, and strike flies plate 3 upper surface places and is provided with medicine box 2; Secondly, blast loads: lay explosive in medicine box 2, ignite by detonator 1, make to hit to fly plate 3 under explosive 1 detonation driven, hit blank 5 at a high speed; At last, reclaim cutting blank: will regain through the blank 5 that hits at a high speed, and cut into the size that needs, and can obtain required nano-crystalline copper materials.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, the invention also discloses a kind of preparing nanocrystalline copper by explosive loading device, comprise backing plate 6, strike flies plate 3, backing plate 6 is positioned at bottom of device, this device also is provided with support component 4 and medicine box 2, strike flies plate 3 and is arranged on the support component 4 on backing plate 6 tops, strike flies plate 3 upper surfaces and is provided with medicine box 2, be provided with groove in the middle of the backing plate 6, be used for fixing blank 5.Strike flies the 2-10mm that is spaced apart between plate 3 and the blank 5, and support component 4 is aluminum support ring or Thin-Wall PVC pipe, and backing plate 6 is made for steel or ferrous material, and strike flies plate 3 and makes for steel material.
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Adopt coarse-grain anaerobic red copper (the original grain degree is 50-60 μ m), be processed into diameter and be 20mm, highly be the cylinder blank 5 of 30mm.Steel backing plate 6 diameters are 150mm, highly are 30mm, and it is 20.5mm that a middle side is opened diameter, and the degree of depth is the groove of 5mm, blank 5 is placed in the groove of steel backing plate 6.Aluminium matter support ring 4 thickness are 1mm, highly be 27mm, be placed on the steel backing plate 6, place the steel strike and fly plate 3 on aluminium matter support ring 4, hitting and flying plate 3 diameters is 150mm, and thickness is 20mm, explosive is tiled in and hits in the medicine box 2 that flies on the plate 3, web 25mm, detonator 1 detonates in medicine box 2 centers, explosion velocity 3200m/s.Each parts of above-mentioned experimental rig are strict axial symmetry and arrange.After detonating and implement blast and load by detonator 1, blank 5 bottoms since lateral expansion be clamped in the groove of steel backing plate 6.The part that will be exposed with the electric spark method for processing cuts away, and obtains nanocrystalline copper post sample.
Embodiment 2
Adopt coarse-grain anaerobic red copper (the original grain degree is 50-60 μ m), be processed into diameter and be 20mm, highly be the cylinder blank 5 of 30mm.Irony backing plate 6 diameters are 150mm, highly are 30mm, and it is 20.5mm that a middle side is opened diameter, and the degree of depth is the groove of 5mm, blank 5 is placed in the groove of irony backing plate 6.Aluminium matter support ring 4 thickness are 1mm, highly be 30mm, be placed on the irony backing plate 6, place the steel strike and fly plate 3 on aluminium matter support ring 4, hitting and flying plate 3 diameters is 150mm, and thickness is 20mm, explosive is tiled in and hits in the medicine box 2 that flies on the plate 3, web 25mm, detonator 1 detonates in medicine box 2 centers, explosion velocity 3200m/s.Each parts of above-mentioned experimental rig are strict axial symmetry and arrange.After detonating and implement blast and load by detonator 1, blank 5 bottoms since lateral expansion be clamped in the groove of irony backing plate 6.The part that will be exposed with the electric spark method for processing cuts away, and obtains nanocrystalline copper post sample.
Embodiment 3
Adopt coarse-grain anaerobic red copper (the original grain degree is 50-60 μ m), be processed into diameter and be 20mm, highly be the cylindrical sample 5 of 30mm.Steel backing plate 6 diameters are 150mm, highly are 30mm, and it is 20.5mm that a middle side is opened diameter, and the degree of depth is the groove of 5mm, blank 5 is placed in the groove of steel backing plate 6.PVC support ring 4 thickness are 1mm, highly be 35mm, be placed on the steel backing plate 6, place the steel strike and fly plate 3 on PVC support ring 4, hitting and flying plate 3 diameters is 150mm, and thickness is 20mm, explosive is tiled in and hits in the medicine box 2 that flies on the plate 3, web 25mm, detonator 1 detonates in medicine box 2 centers, explosion velocity 3200m/s.Each parts of above-mentioned experimental rig are strict axial symmetry and arrange.After detonating and implement blast and load by detonator 1, blank 5 bottoms since lateral expansion be clamped in the groove of steel backing plate 6.The part that will be exposed with the electric spark method for processing cuts away, and can obtain nanocrystalline copper post sample equally.
Claims (7)
1. the method for a preparing nanocrystalline copper by explosive loading is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
The first step, turned blank: coarse-grain copper blank [5] is processed into cylindricality;
In second step, blank is installed: be provided with groove on backing plate [6], this groove shapes is consistent with the shape of blank [5], the cylindrical workpiece [5] that processes in the first step is placed in the groove of backing plate [6] to fix;
In the 3rd step, assembling blast charger: strike flies plate [3] and is arranged on the support component [4] on backing plate [6] top, and strike flies plate [3] upper surface place and is provided with medicine box [2];
In the 4th step, blast loads: lay explosive in medicine box [2], explosion velocity of explosive is 3200m/s, ignites by detonator [1], makes to hit to fly plate [3] under explosive detonation drives, and hits blank [5] at a high speed;
The 5th step: reclaim cutting blank: will regain through the blank [5] that hits at a high speed, and cut into the size that needs, and can obtain required nano-crystalline copper materials.
2. the method for preparing nanocrystalline copper by explosive loading according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the described first step, is processed into blank [5] cylindrical; In second step, the groove of offering on backing plate [6] is cylindrical; Fixing blank in second step uses the mode of electric welding that blank [5] is fixed on the backing plate [6].
3. device that is used to implement the method for the described preparing nanocrystalline copper by explosive loading of claim 1, comprise backing plate [6], strike flies plate [3], backing plate [6] is positioned at bottom of device, it is characterized in that: this device also is provided with support component [4] and medicine box [2], strike flies plate [3] and is arranged on the support component [4] on backing plate [6] top, strike flies plate [3] upper surface and is provided with medicine box [2], be provided with groove in the middle of the backing plate [6], be used for fixing blank [5].
4. preparing nanocrystalline copper by explosive loading device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described strike flies the 2-10mm that is spaced apart between plate [3] and the blank [5].
5. preparing nanocrystalline copper by explosive loading device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described support component [4] is aluminum support ring or Thin-Wall PVC support ring.
6. preparing nanocrystalline copper by explosive loading device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described backing plate [6] is made for steel or ferrous material.
7. preparing nanocrystalline copper by explosive loading device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described strike flies plate [3] and makes for steel material.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009100303037A CN101837457B (en) | 2009-03-18 | 2009-03-18 | Method for preparing nanocrystalline copper by explosive loading and device thereof |
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| CN2009100303037A CN101837457B (en) | 2009-03-18 | 2009-03-18 | Method for preparing nanocrystalline copper by explosive loading and device thereof |
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| CN101837457A CN101837457A (en) | 2010-09-22 |
| CN101837457B true CN101837457B (en) | 2011-12-21 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1772420A (en) * | 2005-08-31 | 2006-05-17 | 江苏大学 | Powder pressing method and apparatus based on laser shock wave technology |
| CN2858130Y (en) * | 2005-11-25 | 2007-01-17 | 上海大学 | Device for enhancing briquetting density of metallic power with impulse current |
| CN101138788A (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2008-03-12 | 北京理工大学 | Self-spreading pre-heating powder aqueous medium bidirectional blasting and concreting device |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1772420A (en) * | 2005-08-31 | 2006-05-17 | 江苏大学 | Powder pressing method and apparatus based on laser shock wave technology |
| CN2858130Y (en) * | 2005-11-25 | 2007-01-17 | 上海大学 | Device for enhancing briquetting density of metallic power with impulse current |
| CN101138788A (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2008-03-12 | 北京理工大学 | Self-spreading pre-heating powder aqueous medium bidirectional blasting and concreting device |
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