CN101833023A - Sensing head of temperature self-compensating fiber grating current sensor and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Sensing head of temperature self-compensating fiber grating current sensor and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101833023A CN101833023A CN200910021443A CN200910021443A CN101833023A CN 101833023 A CN101833023 A CN 101833023A CN 200910021443 A CN200910021443 A CN 200910021443A CN 200910021443 A CN200910021443 A CN 200910021443A CN 101833023 A CN101833023 A CN 101833023A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sensing head of a temperature self-compensating fiber grating current sensor and a manufacturing method thereof. The sensing head comprises a fiber grating, a magnetostrictive material and a thermal sensing material, wherein a circle of one section of cladding of the fiber grating is eroded to form a new fiber grating of which two small sections of claddings have different diameters; the magnetostrictive material is bonded together with the thermal sensing material; the treated fiber grating is adhered above the magnetostrictive material and the thermal sensing material which are bonded together; and grating sections having different diameters are aligned with the magnetostrictive material and the thermal sensing material respectively. The sensing head has the advantages of compact structure, simple manufacturing, convenient mounting and use, no interference from the change of environment temperature, high measuring precision and high reliability. By adopting an all-fiber structure, the sensing head solves the problem of electromagnetic insulation, and is particularly convenient, simple and easy to operate when operated on a power grid.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sensing head and preparation method thereof of fiber Bragg grating current sensor of temperature self-compensation.
Background technology
Along with development of electric power industry, the electric current on high voltage power transmission field transmission of electricity bus is increasing.This high-voltage great-current is measured relatively difficulty, also very high to the requirement of measuring system.Traditional electromagnetic sensor faces high pressure, nonisulated, and problem such as electromagnetic interference (EMI), measures to the electricity sensitive element and has brought danger to decrease, and also makes the complex structure, with high costs of measuring system.
Fiber Bragg grating current sensor based on magnetostriction materials is a kind of novel current sensor, its foveal reflex wavelength with fiber grating is measured as the sensitivity band, the various disturbing factors of having avoided intensity modulated formula Fibre Optical Sensor very easily to be subjected to, its measurement mechanism is more stable, measuring accuracy is higher, but its employed magnetostriction materials are subjected to magnetic field and temperature effect simultaneously, it is a gordian technique of puzzlement fiber Bragg grating current sensor practicability, now disclosed document " the Novel DC current measuring method of application optical fiber Bragg raster (" High-Voltage Technology "; Vol.33; No.7; 2007; p67-71) " provided the method for carrying out temperature compensation with double grating, but this method error is bigger, and to use two fiber gratings simultaneously, bring certain difficulty to demodulation, therefore need do further improvement.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide sensing head of the fiber Bragg grating current sensor that a kind of temperature can compensate automatically and preparation method thereof.This sensor can the filtering magnetostriction materials temperature strain and only to the magnetic strain response, do not need to add other temperature element, can reduce error, improve measuring accuracy.
The sensing head of the fiber Bragg grating current sensor of temperature self-compensation of the present invention, with one section covering of a fiber grating be corroded one the circle and form one new, the different fiber grating of two segment cladding diameters, magnetostriction materials and a thermo-sensitive material bond together, treated fiber grating is pasted thereon the different grating section of diameter align respectively magnetostriction materials and thermo-sensitive material;
Described fiber grating is made by quartz glass, and wherein one section covering is corroded a circle and becomes the different fiber grating of two segment cladding diameters, and two segment fiber gratings have different strain-responsive coefficients and identical temperature-responsive coefficient;
Described magnetostriction materials are a rectangular parallelepiped, and its magnetostriction direction is parallel with long limit, and the length of side of magnetostriction materials is 2～100mm, and thick is 0.5～20mm.
Described thermo-sensitive material is not affected by magnetic fields, thermal expansion evenly, thermal expansivity is approaching with magnetostriction materials, shape is big or small and magnetostriction materials are in full accord, the length of side of thermo-sensitive material is 2～100mm, thick is 0.5～20mm.Thermo-sensitive material and magnetostriction materials are fixed on the different position of cladding diameter of fiber grating, and the two closely connects, and its fiber grating sticks on the central authorities on structural member surface and parallel with long limit.
The manufacture craft of the sensing head of the fiber Bragg grating current sensor of temperature self-compensation of the present invention comprises the steps:
A, choose suitable fiber grating scrub remove to corrode the part protective seam;
B, the covering of fiber grating is corroded, make it to form the different grating section of diameter;
C, choose the magnetostriction materials of appropriate length, carry out the surface of magnetostriction materials smooth bright and clean;
D, choose the thermo-sensitive material of appropriate length, carry out the surface of thermo-sensitive material smooth bright and clean;
E, magnetostriction materials and thermo-sensitive material placed by Fig. 1 stick with glue knot on the plane successively;
F, fiber grating is sticked on the structural member upper surface.
Need to soak in acetone before the described fiber grating corrosion and took out in 10 minutes, scrub is used alcohol wipe again.
Described covering to fiber grating corrodes, at first the fiber grating that will handle with the optical fiber cutter to corrode the part protective seam peel off, again the grid section of removing protective seam is immersed in the bigger hydrofluoric acid solution of concentration and corrode a period of time, use instead then concentration less hydrofluorite proceed corrosion, meet the demands until the diameter of grating region covering; At last the fiber grating after etching is cleaned, and at the bonding light-conductive optic fibre in its two ends.
The magnetostriction coefficient of described magnetostriction materials and linear work interval and length satisfy measurement requirement, need to spray degreaser on its surface, wiped clean before using; Carefully polish with No. 1000 sand paper that are added with water base acid surfaces cleaning solution then; Last acid clean liquid and the fine sand grain of removing the surface again with the water base peracid sanitizer solution of basic surface.
Described thermo-sensitive material is not affected by magnetic fields, thermal expansion evenly, thermal expansivity and magnetostriction materials are approaching; Need before using to spray degreaser on its surface, wiped clean; Carefully polish with No. 1000 sand paper that are added with water base acid surfaces cleaning solution then; Last acid clean liquid and the fine sand grain of removing the surface again with the water base peracid sanitizer solution of basic surface.
Described magnetostriction materials and thermo-sensitive material stick with glue knot need guarantee that its upper surface is in the same plane.
Described fiber grating is little with thermal expansion, and set strength is big, Stability Analysis of Structures, and the epoxy glue that is difficult for aged deterioration is adhesively fixed in two block of material surfaces.
Because the present invention has realized the automatic compensation of sensing head temperature in design, make not temperature influence of measurement result, having solved fiber Bragg grating current sensor is subjected to ambient temperature to disturb and problem of unstable the precision height of temperature self-compensation fiber grating current sensor provided by the invention, good reliability.This design is an all optical fibre structure, has solved the solenoid isolation problem, particularly is better than traditional electromagnetic sensor in the high voltage power transmission field.The present invention is simple in structure, volume is little, in light weight, simple installation, makes that device is convenient on hanging net operation, simple, easy operating, and the incomparable advantage of traditional electromagnetic sensor is arranged.
Be described in further detail below in conjunction with the sensing head of drawings and Examples the fiber Bragg grating current sensor of temperature self-compensation of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of the fiber grating after the covering of sensing head of the fiber Bragg grating current sensor of temperature self-compensation of the present invention is handled.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of sensing head embodiment one of the fiber Bragg grating current sensor of temperature self-compensation of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of sensing head embodiment two of the fiber Bragg grating current sensor of temperature self-compensation of the present invention.
The covering 3-of 1-light-conductive optic fibre 2-fiber grating is the fiber grating section 5-magnetostriction materials 6-aluminium block 7-copper billet 8-fiber grating after the corrosion optical fiber grating section 4-corrosion.
Embodiment
Embodiment one:
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of sensing head embodiment one of the fiber Bragg grating current sensor of temperature self-compensation of the present invention.It comprises light-conductive optic fibre 1, magnetostriction materials 5, aluminium block 6, fiber grating 8.Described magnetostriction materials 5 and aluminium block 6 bond together, above again the fiber grating 8 after handling being sticked on, external magnetic field changes not to be had influence and makes magnetostriction materials act on fiber grating aluminium block, make the reflectance spectrum of fiber grating be split into two reflection small peaks, the spacing of two reflection small peaks increases and linear the increase with magnetic field; When temperature variation, the thermal expansivity difference of two block of material, the magnetostriction materials that temperature causes are different with the stroke of aluminium block, two reflection small peaks that the reflectance spectrum of fiber grating splits into also can drift about separately, but the strain-responsive coefficient of two sections gratings of thickness is also inequality, the strain-responsive coefficient of two sections gratings of thickness and the thermal expansivity of magnetostriction materials and aluminium block are complementary, then two little reflection peaks wavelength shift separately of the fiber grating that causes of temperature variation is identical, thereby the spacing of two reflection small peaks is not subjected to influence of temperature change, measure the spacing of two reflection small peaks, just can obtain bus magnitude of field intensity on every side, can calculate the size of current of high voltage power transmission bus according to magnetic field intensity, thereby realize accurate monitoring the transmission of electricity bus.
The manufacture craft of described temperature self-compensation fiber grating current sensor sensing head comprises the steps:
A. choose suitable fiber grating, scrub removes the protective seam of the section of corrosion;
B. the covering to fiber grating corrodes, and makes it to form the different grating section of diameter;
C. choose suitable magnetostriction materials according to measurement, carry out the surface of magnetostriction materials smooth bright and clean;
D. choose the aluminium block of appropriate length according to measurement, carry out the surface of aluminium block smooth bright and clean;
E. magnetostriction materials and aluminium block are placed by Fig. 1 and stick with glue knot on the plane successively;
F. fiber grating is sticked on the structural member upper surface.
The implementation process of described step a. is: (a), to choose the grid length of making of quartz glass be 40mm, the foveal reflex wavelength is the fiber grating of 1550nm; (b), used light source is that centre wavelength is the wideband light source of 1550nm; (c), fiber grating is soaked taking-up in 10 minutes in acetone, scrub is used alcohol wipe again, (d), with the optical fiber cutter protective seam of half length of fiber grating is peelled off.
The implementation process of described step b. is: (a), with 45% hydrofluoric acid solution to need corrosion grating region corrosion 40 minutes; (b), then use 15% hydrofluorite instead and proceed corrosion, until the reduced of grating region to desired thickness; (c), at last the fiber grating after the corrosion is cleaned, and at the bonding light-conductive optic fibre in its two ends.
The implementation process of described step c is: (a), magnetostriction coefficient and the linear work interval of choosing magnetostriction materials must satisfy measurement requirement, uses giant magnetostrictive material Tb
0.30Dy
0.70Fe
1.95, linear interval, the magnetic field of work is that special-100 millis of 20 millis are special; (b), the length of the magnetostriction materials chosen equal the grid of fiber grating long half, its size is 20mm * 8mm * 4mm; (c), the magnetostriction direction of magnetostriction materials must be parallel vertical with another side with the long limit of rectangular parallelepiped; (d), spray degreaser in the upper and lower surface of magnetostriction materials, wiped clean; (e), carefully polish with No. 1000 sand paper that are added with water base acid surfaces cleaning solution then; (f), last acid clean liquid and the fine sand grain of removing the surface again with the water base peracid sanitizer solution of basic surface.
Described steps d. implementation process be: (a), choose thermal expansion evenly, size is the aluminium block of 20mm * 8mm * 4mm; (b), spray degreaser on the surface of aluminium block, wiped clean; (c), carefully polish with No. 1000 sand paper that are added with water base acid surfaces cleaning solution; (d), remove the acid clean liquid and the fine sand grain on surface again with the water base peracid sanitizer solution of basic surface.
The implementation process of described step e. is: (a), magnetostriction materials and aluminium block are positioned on the plane by Fig. 1; (b), be coated with epoxy glue and it is bondd, guarantee that its upper surface is in the same surface level at its end face.
The implementation process of described step f. is: (a), little with thermal expansion, set strength is big, and Stability Analysis of Structures is difficult for the epoxy glue of aged deterioration; (b), epoxy glue is coated in smooth magnetostriction materials surface after bright and clean uniformly, waits that the epoxy glue that is coated with solidifies.
Embodiment two:
Referring to Fig. 3, be the structural representation of embodiment of the present invention two.The sensing head of described temperature self-compensation fiber grating current sensor comprises light-conductive optic fibre 1, magnetostriction materials 5, copper billet 7, fiber grating 8.Have groove on the surface of described magnetostriction materials 5 and copper billet 7, the groove alignment of magnetostriction materials 5 and copper billet 7 is also bonding successively, fiber grating 8 is placed in the groove to stick with glue again.Can reduce the influence of temperature on fiber grating itself like this, increase the affinity of grating and two kinds of materials, improve the strain-responsive of grating, can further improve measuring accuracy, reduce measuring error.
The technology of the fiber Bragg grating current sensor sensing head of described making temperature self-compensation comprises the steps: successively
1. choose the protective seam that suitable fiber grating 8 scrubs remove the corrosion section;
2. the covering to fiber grating 8 corrodes, and makes it to form the different grating section of diameter;
3. choose the magnetostriction materials 5 of appropriate length, carry out the surface of magnetostriction materials 5 smooth bright and clean;
4. choose the copper billet 7 of appropriate length according to measurement, carry out the surface of copper billet smooth bright and clean;
5. place glass plate on by Fig. 1 magnetostriction materials 5 and copper billet 7 and stick with glue knot successively;
6. fiber grating 8 is imbedded in the groove on structural member surface.
Describedly choose the step 1 that suitable fiber grating scrub removes the protective seam of the section of corrosion, implementation process is: a, choose the long 20mm of grid that makes of quartz glass, the foveal reflex wavelength is the fiber grating of 1550nm; B, used light source are that centre wavelength is the wideband light source of 1550nm; C, fiber grating is soaked taking-up in 10 minutes in acetone, scrub is used alcohol wipe again; D, the protective seam of half length of fiber grating is peelled off with the optical fiber cutter.
The step 2 that the covering that described use hydrofluorite will remove fiber grating corrodes, implementation process is: a, at first be 55% hydrofluoric acid solution to grating region corrosion 30 minutes with concentration; B, to use concentration instead then be that 20% hydrofluorite corrodes, and is reduced to desired thickness until the diameter of grating region; C, at last to the corrosion after fiber grating clean.
Describedly choose the magnetostriction materials of appropriate length on request and smooth bright and clean step 3 is carried out on the surface of magnetostriction materials, implementation process is: measurement requirement must be satisfied in a, the magnetostriction materials magnetostriction coefficient of choosing and linear work interval, uses giant magnetostrictive material Tb
0.30Dy
0.70Fe
1.95, linear interval, the magnetic field of work is that special-100 millis of 20 millis are special; The length of b, the magnetostriction materials chosen equal the grid of fiber grating long half, its size is 10mm * 4mm * 4mm; The magnetostriction direction of c, magnetostriction materials must be parallel with the long limit of rectangular parallelepiped, and other direction is vertical; D, spray degreaser in the upper and lower surface of magnetostriction materials, wiped clean; E, carefully polish with No. 1000 sand paper that are added with water base acid surfaces cleaning solution then; F, last acid clean liquid and the fine sand grain of removing the surface again with the water base peracid sanitizer solution of basic surface.
Describedly choose the copper billet of appropriate length according to measurement, smooth bright and clean step 4 is carried out on two surfaces up and down of copper billet, implementation process is: a, choose thermal expansion evenly, size is the copper billet of 10mm * 4mm * 4mm; B, spray degreaser on the surface of copper billet, wiped clean; C, usefulness are added with No. 1000 sand paper of water base acid surfaces cleaning solution and carefully polish; D, last acid clean liquid and the fine sand grain of removing the surface again with the water base peracid sanitizer solution of basic surface.
Describedly place plane on by Fig. 3 magnetostriction materials and copper billet and stick with glue knot step 5 successively, implementation process is: a, magnetostriction materials and copper billet are positioned on the plane by Fig. 3; B, be coated with epoxy glue and with its bonding, guarantee the concave surface alignment of two grooves at its end face, its upper surface is in the same surface level.
Described fiber grating is sticked on step 6 in the lip-deep groove of structural member, implementation process is: a, little with thermal expansion, and set strength is big, and Stability Analysis of Structures is difficult for the epoxy glue of aged deterioration; B, fiber grating is imbedded in the groove on the material, be coated with around uniformly with epoxy glue again and encapsulate.Treat that institute's gluing solidifies and just finished design, obtain the sensing head of fiber Bragg grating current sensor.
The fiber grating that the present invention is based on after the corrosion has different strain-responsive coefficients, with the magnetostriction materials of appropriate length and thermo-sensitive material make a structural member and will corrode after the fiber grating stickup thereon, two little reflection peaks wavelength shift separately of the fiber grating that two kinds of materials cause when making temperature variation is identical; External magnetic field acts on magnetostriction materials and does not influence thermo-sensitive material, the spacing of two little reflection peaks of fiber grating is increased and linear the increase with magnetic field, then the spacing of two little reflection peaks is only relevant with the magnetic field power, temperature independent, thereby has realized the automatic compensation of temperature; Measure the just stroke of magnetostriction materials as can be known of little peak separation, utilize the stroke and the external magnetic field of magnetostriction materials again, the linear relationship between the electric current of external magnetic field and transmission of electricity bus reaches the purpose of measurement electric current.The measured value of this electric current is not subjected to the influence of variation of ambient temperature.The measuring accuracy height of fiber Bragg grating current sensor sensing head provided by the invention can realize under hyperbaric environment that the accurate monitoring of transmission of electricity bus is had great practical value and economic benefit in actual production.
Claims (8)
1. the sensing head of the fiber Bragg grating current sensor of a temperature self-compensation, comprise a fiber grating, magnetostriction materials and a thermo-sensitive material, it is characterized in that: one section of fiber grating (8) covering of being made by quartz glass is corroded by hydrofluorite, forms two different segment fiber gratings of diameter.
2. the sensing head of temperature self-compensation fiber grating current sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described magnetostriction materials (5) are the alloy materials that deformation takes place in the energy outside magnetic field, and its length of side is 2～100mm, and thick is 0.5～20mm.
3. the sensing head of temperature self-compensation fiber grating current sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described thermo-sensitive material be not subjected to that external magnetic field influences, thermal expansion evenly, the solid material of certain intensity arranged, the length of side is 2～100mm, and thick is 0.5～20mm.
4. the sensing head of temperature self-compensation fiber grating current sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described fiber grating (8) sticks on the surface of magnetostriction materials and thermo-sensitive material structural member with epoxy glue.
5. sensing head for preparing temperature self-compensation fiber grating current sensor as claimed in claim 1 and preparation method thereof is characterized in that this method comprises:
A, choose suitable fiber grating (8) scrub remove to corrode the part protective seam;
B, the covering of fiber grating is corroded, make it to form the different grating section of diameter;
C, choose the magnetostriction materials (5) of appropriate length, carry out the surface of magnetostriction materials smooth bright and clean;
D, choose the thermo-sensitive material of appropriate length, carry out the surface of thermo-sensitive material smooth bright and clean;
E, magnetostriction materials and thermo-sensitive material placed on the plane and stick with glue successively by Fig. 1 connect;
F, fiber grating is sticked on the structural member upper surface.
6. sensing head of temperature self-compensation fiber grating current sensor according to claim 5 and preparation method thereof is characterized in that: the fiber grating grid that described quartz glass is made are long to be 40mm, and the foveal reflex wavelength is the fiber grating of 1550nm.
7. sensing head of temperature self-compensation fiber grating current sensor according to claim 5 and preparation method thereof is characterized in that: the length of magnetostriction materials equals half of fiber grating grid length, and its size is 20mm * 8mm * 4mm.
8. sensing head of temperature self-compensation fiber grating current sensor according to claim 5 and preparation method thereof is characterized in that: selected hydrofluoric acid solution is 45%.
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| CN102829893A (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2012-12-19 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Method for simultaneously measuring temperature and stress of fiber bragg gratings (obtained by corrosion) with different diameters |
| CN103529271A (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-01-22 | 石家庄经济学院 | Optical fiber grating current sensor based on heating sheet and detection method of optical fiber grating current sensor |
| CN104122427A (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2014-10-29 | 山东理工大学 | Analogue electric signal transmission method and analogue electric signal transmission device applied to current transformer |
| CN105487038A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-04-13 | 济南大学 | Traditional transformer state monitoring system and method |
| CN108196208A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-06-22 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of ultra-magnetic telescopic magnetic field sensor based on new micro fiber-optic grating sensor |
| CN113671230A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-11-19 | 中国计量大学 | Electromagnetic conversion type optical fiber sensitization current sensing probe |
| CN115855300A (en) * | 2023-02-27 | 2023-03-28 | 常州奇军苑传感技术有限公司 | Horizontal length extension mould quartz temperature sensor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102829893A (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2012-12-19 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Method for simultaneously measuring temperature and stress of fiber bragg gratings (obtained by corrosion) with different diameters |
| CN102829893B (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2014-12-24 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Method for simultaneously measuring temperature and stress of fiber bragg gratings (obtained by corrosion) with different diameters |
| CN103529271A (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-01-22 | 石家庄经济学院 | Optical fiber grating current sensor based on heating sheet and detection method of optical fiber grating current sensor |
| CN104122427A (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2014-10-29 | 山东理工大学 | Analogue electric signal transmission method and analogue electric signal transmission device applied to current transformer |
| CN105487038A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-04-13 | 济南大学 | Traditional transformer state monitoring system and method |
| CN105487038B (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2018-07-13 | 济南大学 | A kind of tradition mutual inductor condition monitoring system and method |
| CN108196208A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-06-22 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of ultra-magnetic telescopic magnetic field sensor based on new micro fiber-optic grating sensor |
| CN108196208B (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2024-02-06 | 大连理工大学 | Super magnetostriction magnetic field sensor based on novel miniature fiber bragg grating sensor |
| CN113671230A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-11-19 | 中国计量大学 | Electromagnetic conversion type optical fiber sensitization current sensing probe |
| CN115855300A (en) * | 2023-02-27 | 2023-03-28 | 常州奇军苑传感技术有限公司 | Horizontal length extension mould quartz temperature sensor |
| CN115855300B (en) * | 2023-02-27 | 2023-04-28 | 常州奇军苑传感技术有限公司 | Quartz temperature sensor of horizontal length expansion die |
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Open date: 20100915 |