CN101832549B - Multi-ejection grading combustion method - Google Patents
Multi-ejection grading combustion method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101832549B CN101832549B CN2010101496345A CN201010149634A CN101832549B CN 101832549 B CN101832549 B CN 101832549B CN 2010101496345 A CN2010101496345 A CN 2010101496345A CN 201010149634 A CN201010149634 A CN 201010149634A CN 101832549 B CN101832549 B CN 101832549B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
- F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
- F23C6/045—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
- F22B35/002—Control by recirculating flue gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
- F23C5/08—Disposition of burners
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
- F23C5/08—Disposition of burners
- F23C5/24—Disposition of burners to obtain a loop flame
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
- F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
- F23C6/045—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure
- F23C6/047—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure with fuel supply in stages
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
- F23C7/02—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2201/00—Staged combustion
- F23C2201/10—Furnace staging
- F23C2201/101—Furnace staging in vertical direction, e.g. alternating lean and rich zones
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a W flame boiler device for realizing a multi-ejection grading combustion and a method thereof, and relates to a W flame boiler device of a grading combustion and a method, which aims at the problems of high NOx exhaust, high fly ash combustible material content, late fire of the pulverized coal airflow and bad flame stability in the W type flame boiler referred in the background technology.The method comprises the following steps of: ejecting internal and external secondary air at the air speed of 35-65m/s step by step and downwards ejecting by carrying a concentrated coal dust airflow at the air speed of 10-20m/s to realize first and second stage grading combustion; and injecting arch lower secondary air at the air speed of 35-65m/s into the lower heath by an arch lower secondary air nozzle to realize third stage grading combustion. A concentrated coal dust airflow nozzle, an internal secondary air nozzle, a light coal dust airflow nozzle and an external secondary air nozzle are sequentially distributed from the center side of the hearth to the water-cooling wall of the front and rear wall of the lower hearth on a boiler arch; and the front and rear wall of the lower hearth is provided with the arch lower secondary air nozzle along the width direction of the hearth. The invention can greatly reduce NOx exhaust and fly ash combustible material content when used for the W flame boiler.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of W flame boiler apparatus and method of fractional combustion, belong to W flame boiler field of combustion technology.
Background technology
W flame combustion boiler is a kind of boiler that designs for using anthracite, meager coal specially, the following problem of this W flame boiler ubiquity in service: NO
xDischarge capacity is up to 1600～1800mg/m
3, high, the lower hearth front wall of unburned combustible in fly ash and the rear water wall slagging scorification is serious, breeze airflow catches fire late and flame holding is relatively poor.
The upper burner nozzle arrangement of the flow field, cross section that W flame boiler described above is common and arch as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4.On structure, the above three aspects: problem is analyzed NO
xThe reason that discharge capacity is high is: 1. thick coal culm air-flow spout 10 and overfire air port 20 are alternate intensive layout, wind speed is namely sneaked in the thick coal culm air-flow 5 after leaving spout far above the Secondary Air 23 of thick coal culm air-flow 5, thick coal culm air-flow 5 speed are raise rapidly and finally reach and equate with Secondary Air 23 wind speed and integral body is descending, this just so that during boiler operatiopn thick coal culm air-flow 5 be in for a long time the oxygen-enriched combusting state, thereby generated a large amount of NO
x2. thin powdered coal air-flow 7 sprays near burner hearth center 2-1, because thin powdered coal air-flow 7 momentum are little, the extruding of the high temperature reflux flue gas under being encircleed in the recirculating zone 22 and deflection mixes to thick coal culm air-flow 5 sides and with thick coal culm air-flow 5 adopts bias combustion to reduce NO fundamentally losing former imagination
xThe effect that generates (illustrates: when organizing bias combustion thick coal culm air-flow powder is condensed into coal dust content height, one air-flow that air capacity is low, the thick coal culm air-flow burnt under the oxygen deprivation condition in early days, thereby limit NO to a certain extent
xGenerate).
Unburned combustible in fly ash is high, its main cause is to encircle lower Secondary Air 9 levels and is blown into, lower hearth 1 interior descending thick coal culm air-flow 5 is had interception function, and it is less to make thick coal culm air-flow 5 penetrate the degree of depth under lower hearth 1 is interior, thereby pulverized coal particle is short and shortened the time of staying at lower hearth 1 interior stroke.In addition, coal powder ignition evening and flame holding are poor also to be a factor that causes that unburned combustible in fly ash is high, analyze from the burner nozzle arrangement: 1. thick coal culm air-flow spout 10 is arranged near the front water wall 2-2 of lower hearths 1 and rear water wall 2-3 and away from burner hearth center 2-1, and it is far away apart from burner hearth center 2-1, flue-gas temperature is lower, thereby the flue-gas temperature of heating thick coal culm air-flow 5 is relatively low, and is unfavorable to catching fire; 2. thick coal culm air-flow spout 10 is sleeve configuration, this so that during high-temperature flue gas heating thick coal culm air-flow 5 heating surface of thick coal culm air-flow 5 little, thereby affect catching fire and flame holding of breeze airflow; 3. on the thick coal culm air-flow spout 10 along not with overfire air port 20 on along concordant, zone on the thick coal culm air-flow spout 10 between the ledge of edge and two lateral second wind spouts 20 is without other air-flow, this so that outstanding part Secondary Air 23 very easily to this regional diffusion, thereby between the high-temperature flue gas near burner hearth center 2-1 side, form the wind film at thick coal culm air-flow 5, block the high-temperature flue gas of close burner hearth center 2-1 side and mixing of thick coal culm air-flow 5, thereby caused ignition lag, combustion instability; 4. thin powdered coal air-flow 7 sprays into from encircleing upper close burner hearth central area, the high-temperature flue gas that hinders near burner hearth center 2-1 side on the one hand mixes with thick coal culm air-flow 5, the thin powdered coal air-flow 7 of low temperature has reduced the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas of close burner hearth center 2-1 side on the other hand, thereby unfavorable to ignition and steady combustion.
Lower hearth front wall and rear water wall slagging scorification seriously be because: 1. thick coal culm air-flow 5 enters near front water wall 2-2 and the rear water wall 2-3 side spray of lower hearths 1, and the gap is without other air-flow between thick coal culm air-flow spout 10 and front water wall 2-2 and the rear water wall 2-3, Secondary Air 23 carries in the thick coal culm air-flow 5 undershoot processes easily to front wall and rear water wall diffusion and washes away water-cooling wall, thereby causes slagging scorification; 2. thick coal culm air-flow 5 volumetric expansion along with the temperature rising in descending process, and the lateral thrust effect that expanded by burner hearth central area high-temperature flue gas and apply, thereby thick coal culm air-flow 5 is easily to front wall and the rear water walls expansion of both sides, washes away front wall and rear water wall and causes slagging scorification.
(China Patent No. is ZL 2006100100895 to Chinese invention patent " a kind of W type flame furnace of Underarch secondary-wind down ward-bias ", Granted publication day is on June 24th, 2009, patent application day is on May 26th, 2006, call " file one " in the following text), (open day is on February 18th, 2009 to Chinese invention patent application " a kind of stable combustion anti-slag gap type W ", application number is 200810137213.3, the applying date is on September 27th, 2008, call " file two " in the following text) and Chinese invention patent application " a kind of W type flame boiler with extended-range secondary air nozzles " (open day is on March 10th, 2010, application number is 200910309100.1, the applying date is on October 30th, 2009, call " file three " in the following text) W flame boiler ubiquitous problem in service has all been proposed corresponding measure, make the problem of these existence obtain alleviation to a certain degree, but not yet can solve the problem of existence comprehensively.
There is following problem in the technical scheme of Chinese invention patent application " a kind of W type flame boiler with extended-range secondary air nozzles " (number of patent application is 200910309100.1, publication number is CN101666491A, be on March 10th, 2010 in open day):
1, extended-range secondary air and the alternate layout of wind snout cause these the two strands coal powder densities in flat to penetrate wind (being extended-range secondary air and an adjacent wind) be rapid mixed diluting wind after leaving spout, in time catching fire, surely fire and suppressing NO
xGeneration has a negative impact, and unburned combustible in fly ash is higher;
2, since overfire air port away from a wind snout setting, the thick coal culm air-flow relies on the burner hearth central side and heats up expansion soon, the front and back water-cooling wall side that Secondary Air relies on low temperature heats up expansion slowly, the breeze airflow rear Secondary Air that catches fire can not in time be supplied with the coal dust required oxygen that burns away, and then affects coal dust after-flame effect;
3, owing between wind snout and weary gas blowout mouth, be not furnished with any air-flow, do not exist air-flow to intercept between thick coal culm air-flow and the thin powdered coal air-flow, thereby these two strands of breeze airflows are rear because of the very fast mixing of jet expanded by heating in entering stove, on the one hand the thick coal culm air-flow being caught fire exerts an influence, and has weakened on the other hand the employing bias combustion to suppress NO
xThe effect that generates.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to have NO for solving the W type flame boiler of mentioning in the background technology
xDischarge capacity is high, unburned combustible in fly ash is high, breeze airflow catches fire problem late and that flame holding is relatively poor, and then a kind of W flame boiler apparatus and method that realizes multi-ejection grading combustion is provided.
For ease of understanding, set forth with regard to the definition of " injection " first: for two strands of air-flows that wind speed is different, its static pressure of air-flow that wind speed is high is little, and low its static pressure of air-flow of wind speed is large, when these two strands of air-flows parallel when spraying in the stove across a certain distance mutually, have differential static pressure between these two strands of air-flows, under the effect of differential static pressure, that burst air current flow that low that strand air-flow of wind speed deflection wind speed is high is also mixed gradually with high that strand air-flow of wind speed.Because the air-flow that wind speed is low drives current downflow at the high air-flow of wind speed, the stroke of air-flow in stove that wind speed is lower prolonged.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme of taking to be: the method for multi-ejection grading combustion of the present invention be achieved in that on the front chimney arch of burner hearth the front water wall from the burner hearth central side to burner hearth and on the rear chimney arch at burner hearth the rear water wall among from the burner hearth central side to burner hearth be furnished with successively a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts, a plurality of inner second air spouts, a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts and a plurality of outer second air spout, the thick coal culm air-flow is sprayed in the lower hearth by a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts, inner second air is sprayed in the lower hearth by a plurality of inner second air spouts, the thin powdered coal air-flow is sprayed in the lower hearth by a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts, outer second air is sprayed in the lower hearth by a plurality of outer second air spouts, be step by step injection and carry under the thick coal culm air-flow that wind speed is 10～20m/s and penetrate of the inner second air of 35～65m/s and outer second air that wind speed is 35～65m/s by wind speed, the first order and second level fractional combustion have been realized, wind speed is that Secondary Air is sprayed in the lower hearth 1 by overfire air port on the front water wall that is arranged on lower hearth and under a plurality of arches on the rear water wall under the arch of 35～65m/s, further the injection breeze airflow is descending, realized third level fractional combustion, center line and the angle between the horizontal plane of the lower overfire air port of arch are 25 °～45 °, thick coal culm air-flow spout, thin powdered coal air-flow spout, the lower overfire air port of arch, the shape of inner second air spout and outer second air spout is rectangle or circle, and the length-width ratio that is shaped as the thick coal culm air-flow spout of rectangle is 4～5: 1.
The W flame boiler apparatus of multi-ejection grading combustion of the present invention comprises overfire air port under the burner hearth that is made of lower hearth, upper furnace and two chimney arch and a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spout, a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spout and a plurality of arch, and two chimney arch are respectively front chimney arch and rear chimney arch; Described device also comprises the overfire air port of a plurality of hierarchical arrangement, and the overfire air port of a plurality of hierarchical arrangement is respectively a plurality of inner second air spouts and a plurality of outer second air spout; On the front chimney arch the front water wall from the burner hearth central side to burner hearth and on rear chimney arch the rear water wall among from the burner hearth central side to burner hearth be furnished with successively a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts, a plurality of inner second air spout, a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spout and a plurality of outer second air spout, respectively be provided with overfire air port under a plurality of arches on the front wall of lower hearth and on the rear wall along furnace chamber width, and center line and the angle between the horizontal plane of the lower overfire air port of each arch are 25 °～45 °; A plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts are made of a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spout groups, and every group of thick coal culm air-flow spout is made of two thick coal culm air-flow spouts that abut against together, and a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spout groups are the in-line spaced set along furnace chamber width; A plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts are made of a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spout groups, and every group of thin powdered coal air-flow spout is made of two thin powdered coal air-flow spouts that abut against together, and a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spout groups are the in-line spaced set along furnace chamber width; A plurality of inner second air spouts are the in-line spaced set in furnace chamber width; A plurality of outer second air spouts are the in-line spaced set in furnace chamber width; Overfire air port, a plurality of inner second air spout and a plurality of outer second air spout all are communicated with lower hearth under a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts, a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spout, a plurality of arch, the shape of thick coal culm air-flow spout, thin powdered coal air-flow spout, arch lower overfire air port, inner second air spout and outer second air spout is rectangle or circle, and the length-width ratio that is shaped as the thick coal culm air-flow spout of rectangle is 4～5: 1.
The present invention compared with prior art has following beneficial effect: NO
xDischarging decrease, unburned combustible in fly ash reduce, front water wall and the rear water wall slagging scorification of burner hearth alleviate, catch fire in advance and combustion stability strengthens, and the below makes introductions all round:
(1) NO
xThe discharging decrease
1. respectively successively arranging thick coal culm air-flow 5 by burner hearth center 2-1 to the rear water wall 2-3 direction of burner hearth to the front water wall 2-2 of burner hearth and on rear chimney arch 15 by burner hearth center 2-1 on the front chimney arch 3, inner second air 6, thin powdered coal air-flow 7 and outer second air 8, be step by step injection and to carry wind speed be that the thick coal culm air-flow of 10～20m/s is penetrated for 5 times of the inner second air 6 of 35～65m/s and outer second air 8 that wind speed is 35～65m/s by wind speed, the first order and second level fractional combustion have been realized, avoided Secondary Air to sneak into too early in the thick coal culm air-flow 5, thick coal culm air-flow 5 is under the oxygen-lean atmosphere for a long time burns, suppressed NO
xGeneration.Be close to the inner second air 6 first injections of thick coal culm air-flow 5 and carry the thick coal culm air-flow and penetrate one section degree of depth for 5 times, the coal dust required air that in earlier stage burns is provided simultaneously, injects after the lower hearth degree of depth far away just with the mixed airflow of thick coal culm air-flow 5, inner second air 6 and thin powdered coal air-flow 7 mixed and carry breeze airflow in lower hearth 1 interior continuation deeply mutually downwards near the outer second air 8 of the front water wall 2-2 of burner hearth and rear water wall 2-3; 2. between thick coal culm air-flow 5 and thin powdered coal air-flow 7 owing to there is inner second air 6 to intercept, being mixed to get with obvious delay of thick coal culm air-flow 5 and thin powdered coal air-flow 7 realized bias combustion, thereby reduced NO
xGeneration; 3. wind speed is that Secondary Air 9 is sprayed in the lower hearth 1 by the lower overfire air port 14 of arch under the arch of 35～65m/s, center line and the angle α between the horizontal plane of the lower overfire air port 14 of arch are 25 °～45 °, Secondary Air 9 further injection breeze airflows are descending under the arch of biased downward, realized third level fractional combustion; In addition, Secondary Air 9 has also been postponed mixing of breeze airflow and the lower Secondary Air 9 of arch under the arch of biased downward, has prolonged the burning time of breeze airflow under oxygen-lean atmosphere, has reduced NO
xGenerate.Since chimney arch form thick coal culm air-flow 5 and secondary air separating from, thick coal culm air-flow 5 is subjected to inside and outside Secondary Air on the chimney arch, and the further injection of injection and the lower Secondary Air 9 of arch is descending step by step, thereby become multi-ejection grading combustion at freeze profile, thick coal culm air-flow 5 is in the combustion with meagre oxygen state for a long time, has suppressed NO
xGeneration, simultaneously dense, light two strands of breeze airflows have been realized bias combustion, thereby NO
xDischarging significantly reduces.
(2) unburned combustible in fly ash reduces
1. thick coal culm air-flow 5 is near burner hearth center 2-1 side layout, and because of high near burner hearth central area temperature, thick coal culm air-flow 5 can mix with the lower high temperature reflux flue gas of arch after spraying into burner hearth, can in time catch fire and improve after-flame with smooth combustion; 2. thick coal culm air-flow spout 10 is that to be transformed into length-width ratio be 4～5: 1 rectangle for 10～12: 1 long and narrow slit-shaped by length-width ratio in the prior art, this structural change on the one hand so that thick coal culm air-flow 5 when being subjected to the high temperature reflux flue gas heating surface large, be conducive in time catch fire and improve burn-off rate with smooth combustion, make on the other hand thick coal culm air-flow 5 more concentrated and delayed the jet decay at width, thereby the stroke of thick coal culm air-flow 5 in lower hearth 1 prolonged and improved burn-off rate; 3. on chimney arch, wind speed is that the thick coal culm air-flow 5 of 10～20m/s is step by step injection and carry down and penetrate of the inner second air 6 of 35～65m/s and outer second air 8 by wind speed, when breeze airflow arrives the near zone of overfire air port 14 under the arch, be that Secondary Air 9 further injections are descending under the arch of 35～65m/s by wind speed again, thick coal culm air-flow 5 strengthens in the lower degree of depth of penetrating of lower hearth 1, and pulverized coal particle prolongs at residing time in furnace, and it is more abundant to burn, unburned combustible in fly ash reduces, and boiler efficiency improves.
(3) front wall and rear water wall slagging scorification alleviate
Thick coal culm air-flow 5 is near burner hearth center 2-1 side, thin powdered coal air-flow 7 is near front water wall 2-2 and rear water wall 2-3 one side and between inner second air 6 and outer second air 8, the pulverized coal particle that outer second air 8 has intercepted in thin powdered coal air-flow 7 and the thick coal culm air-flow 5 on the one hand washes away water-cooling wall, reduce on the other hand water-cooling wall near zone temperature, thereby alleviated front water wall 2-2 and the rear water wall 2-3 slagging scorification of burner hearth.
(4) the thick coal culm air-flow catches fire in advance and the combustion stability enhancing
1. thick coal culm air-flow spout 10 is arranged near burner hearth center 2-1 side, between thick coal culm air-flow 5 and burner hearth center 2-1, arrange without Secondary Air or thin powdered coal air-flow again, thick coal culm air-flow 5 lower zone flue-gas temperatures are high on the one hand, on the other hand thick coal culm air-flow 5 before catching fire without the dilution of Secondary Air or thin powdered coal air-flow, thereby high temperature, high coal powder density zone have been formed at thick coal culm air-flow 5 lower zones, and coal powder density is high, ignition heat reduces, ignition temperature is low, thereby breeze airflow catches fire in advance and flame holding improves; 2. to be transformed into length-width ratio by the long and narrow slit-shaped of length-width ratio in the prior art 10～12: 1 be 4～5: 1 rectangle to thick coal culm air-flow spout 10, this structural change is on the one hand so that thick coal culm air-flow 5 is subjected to the heating surface of high temperature reflux flue gas large, make on the other hand thick coal culm air-flow 5 more concentrated and delayed the jet decay at width, thereby breeze airflow catch fire in advance and flame holding improves.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is flow field, the cross section schematic diagram of the W flame boiler apparatus of multi-ejection grading combustion of the present invention
(Flow Field Distribution is take burner hearth center 2-1 as the plane of symmetry among the figure, the velocity attitude that each strand sprays into gas stream in the stove among the figure all adopts arrow to mark), Fig. 2 is that the A of Fig. 1 is to partial schematic diagram, Fig. 3 is flow field, the cross section schematic diagram (velocity attitude that each strand sprays into gas stream in the stove among the figure all adopts arrow to mark) of existing W type flame boiler, Fig. 4 is that the B of Fig. 3 is to partial schematic diagram, Fig. 5 is the burner nozzle schematic diagram that is arranged in " file two " on the front chimney arch 3, and Fig. 6 is the burner nozzle schematic diagram that is arranged in " file three " on the front chimney arch 3.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment one: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the method of a kind of multi-ejection grading combustion of present embodiment be achieved in that on the front chimney arch 3 of burner hearth the front water wall 2-2 from burner hearth center 2-1 side to burner hearth and on the rear chimney arch 15 at burner hearth the rear water wall 2-3 among from burner hearth center 2-1 side to burner hearth be furnished with successively a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts 10, a plurality of inner second air spouts 11, a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts 12 and a plurality of outer second air spout 13, thick coal culm air-flow 5 is sprayed in the lower hearth 1 by a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts 10, inner second air 6 is sprayed in the lower hearth 1 by a plurality of inner second air spouts 11, thin powdered coal air-flow 7 is sprayed in the lower hearth 1 by a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts 12, outer second air 8 is sprayed in the lower hearth 1 by a plurality of outer second air spouts 13, be step by step injection and to carry wind speed be that the thick coal culm air-flow of 10～20m/s is penetrated for 5 times of the inner second air 6 of 35～65m/s and outer second air 8 that wind speed is 35～65m/s by wind speed, the first order and second level fractional combustion have been realized, wind speed be under the arch of 35～65m/s Secondary Air 9 by the front water wall 2-2 that is arranged on lower hearth 1 under a plurality of arches on the upper and rear water wall 2-3 overfire air port 14 spray in the lower hearth 1, further the injection breeze airflow is descending, realized third level fractional combustion, center line and the angle α between the horizontal plane of the lower overfire air port 14 of arch are 25 °～45 °, thick coal culm air-flow spout 10, thin powdered coal air-flow spout 12, the lower overfire air port 14 of arch, the shape of inner second air spout 11 and outer second air spout 13 is rectangle or circle, and the length-width ratio that is shaped as the thick coal culm air-flow spout 10 of rectangle is 4～5: 1.For jumbo pulverized-coal fired boiler (such as the 600MW grade), because the about 16m of the lower hearth degree of depth, adopt the upper inside and outside Secondary Air of arch step by step injection and the lower further injection of Secondary Air of arch can guarantee that the thick coal culm air-flow has enough lower degree of depth of penetrating at lower hearth, thereby realize efficient after-flame.
The specific embodiment two: in conjunction with Fig. 1 present embodiment is described, the center line of overfire air port 14 and the angle α between the horizontal plane are 45 ° under the arch of present embodiment.When the lower Secondary Air 9 biased downward angles of arch are excessive, to cause that to penetrate the degree of depth under the breeze airflow excessive and wash away furnace hopper 4, thereby cause furnace hopper 4 slagging scorification, encircle 45 ° of lower Secondary Air 9 biased downward and both can guarantee that thick coal culm air-flow 5 had enough lower degree of depth of penetrating in lower hearth 1, can avoid again furnace hopper 4 slagging scorification.Other is identical with embodiment one.
The specific embodiment three: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the W flame boiler apparatus of the multi-ejection grading combustion of present embodiment comprises that 14, two chimney arch of overfire air port are respectively front chimney arch 3 and rear chimney arch 15 under the burner hearth that is made of lower hearth 1, upper furnace 2 and two chimney arch and a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spout 10, a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts 12 and a plurality of arch; The device of present embodiment also comprises the overfire air port of a plurality of hierarchical arrangement, and the overfire air port of a plurality of hierarchical arrangement is respectively a plurality of inner second air spouts 11 and a plurality of outer second air spout 13; On the front chimney arch 3 the front water wall 2-2 from burner hearth center 2-1 side to burner hearth and on rear chimney arch 15 the rear water wall 2-3 among from burner hearth center 2-1 side to burner hearth be furnished with successively a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts 10, a plurality of inner second air spout 11, a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spout 12 and a plurality of outer second air spout 13, respectively be provided with overfire air port 14 under a plurality of arches on the front wall of lower hearth 1 and on the rear wall along furnace chamber width, and center line and the angle α between the horizontal plane of the lower overfire air port 14 of each arch are 25 °～45 °; A plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts 10 are made of a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spout groups 16, every group of thick coal culm air-flow spout is made of two thick coal culm air-flow spouts 10 that abut against together, and a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spout groups 16 are the in-line spaced set along furnace chamber width; A plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts 12 are made of a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spout groups 17, every group of thin powdered coal air-flow spout is made of two thin powdered coal air-flow spouts 12 that abut against together, and a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spout groups 17 are the in-line spaced set along furnace chamber width; A plurality of inner second air spouts 11 are the in-line spaced set in furnace chamber width; A plurality of outer second air spouts 13 are the in-line spaced set in furnace chamber width; Overfire air port 14, a plurality of inner second air spout 11 and a plurality of outer second air spout 13 all are communicated with lower hearth 1 under a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts 10, a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spout 12, a plurality of arch, the shape of thick coal culm air-flow spout 10, thin powdered coal air-flow spout 12, arch lower overfire air port 14, inner second air spout 11 and outer second air spout 13 is rectangle or circle, and the length-width ratio that is shaped as the thick coal culm air-flow spout 10 of rectangle is 4～5: 1.For jumbo pulverized-coal fired boiler (such as the 600MW grade), because the about 16m of the lower hearth degree of depth, adopt the upper inside and outside Secondary Air of arch step by step injection and the lower further injection of Secondary Air of arch can guarantee that the thick coal culm air-flow has enough lower degree of depth of penetrating at lower hearth, thereby realize efficient after-flame.
The specific embodiment four: in conjunction with Fig. 2 present embodiment is described, the gross area that is shaped as circular a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts 10 of present embodiment equates with the gross area of a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts 10 that are shaped as rectangle; The gross area that is shaped as circular a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts 12 equates with the gross area of a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts 12 that are shaped as rectangle; The gross area of overfire air port 14 equates under the gross area that is shaped as overfire air port 14 under circular a plurality of arches and a plurality of arches that are shaped as rectangle; The gross area that is shaped as circular a plurality of inner second air spouts 11 equates with the gross area of a plurality of inner second air spouts 11 that are shaped as rectangle; The gross area that is shaped as circular a plurality of outer second air spouts 13 equates with the gross area of a plurality of outer second air spouts 13 that are shaped as rectangle.The a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts 10, inner second air spout 11, thin powdered coal air-flow spout 12 and the outer second air spout 13 that are shaped as rectangle have only been drawn in the accompanying drawing 2.Spray into the circular thick coal culm air-flow in the stove, circular a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts 12 by a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts 10 of circle and spray into circular thin powdered coal air-flow in the stove, be shaped as circular a plurality of inner second air spouts 11 and spray into circular inner second air in the stove, be shaped as circular a plurality of outer second air spouts 13 and spray into the circular outer second air in the stove and penetrate rigidity by the stream that is shaped as overfire air port 14 under circular a plurality of arches and sprays into Secondary Air under the cycloidal arch in the stove strong and be difficult for decay, can guarantee that circular thick coal culm air-flow has enough lower degree of depth of penetrating at lower hearth.Other is identical with the specific embodiment three.
The specific embodiment five: in conjunction with Fig. 1 present embodiment is described, a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts 10 on the front chimney arch 3 of present embodiment are symmetrical arranged with respect to burner hearth center 2-1 with a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts 10 on the rear chimney arch 15; A plurality of inner second air spouts 11 on the front chimney arch 3 are symmetrical arranged with respect to burner hearth center 2-1 with a plurality of inner second air spouts 11 on the rear chimney arch 15; A plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts 12 on the front chimney arch 3 are symmetrical arranged with respect to burner hearth center 2-1 with a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts 12 on the rear chimney arch 15; A plurality of outer second air spouts 13 on the front chimney arch 3 are symmetrical arranged with respect to burner hearth center 2-1 with a plurality of outer second air spouts 13 on the rear chimney arch 15.The lower Secondary Air 9 of thick coal culm air-flow 5, thin powdered coal air-flow 7, inner second air 6, outer second air 8 and arch sprays in the stove by burner hearth center 2-1 symmetry, make the descending air flow energy under lower hearth 1 interior front chimney arch 3 and the rear chimney arch 15 form symmetrical W type flow field by burner hearth center 2-1, guaranteed that the breeze airflow under front chimney arch 3 and the rear chimney arch 15 carries out symmetrical combustion by burner hearth center 2-1.Other is identical with the specific embodiment three or four.
Embodiment: this example is that the W flame boiler of a 300MW is set up the cold model testing stand; to adopting respectively three kinds of arrangements of the prior art (i.e. " file one " with burner nozzle under the former boiler structure; " file two " and " file three ") and the present invention in the ejection grading combustion arrangement; carry out the lower degree of depth of penetrating of cold model experimental measurement thick coal culm air-flow, record (being the W flame combustion boiler of mentioning in the background technology) under the former boiler structure; " file one "; penetrating the degree of depth under the thick coal culm air-flow of " file two " and " file three " (is that thick coal culm air-flow flex point A ' is to the vertical range L of the export center of thick coal culm air-flow spout
1, as shown in Figure 3) be respectively 7.5m, 9.5m, 9.1m and 8.8m, behind the ejection grading combustion arrangement, the mixing point of thick coal culm air-flow 5 and inner second air 6 is apart from the distance h of thick coal culm air-flow spout 10 outlets in adopting the present invention
1=1.8m, the mixing point of thick coal culm air-flow 5 and thin powdered coal air-flow 7 is apart from the distance h of thick coal culm air-flow spout 10 outlets
2=3.0m, the mixing point of thick coal culm air-flow 5 and outer second air 8 is apart from the distance h of thick coal culm air-flow spout 10 outlets
3=5.0m has realized that inside and outside Secondary Air and thin powdered coal air-flow 7 mix step by step with thick coal culm air-flow 5; The thick coal culm air-flow is penetrated degree of depth L 5 times
2Increase, the thick coal culm air-flow is penetrated degree of depth L 5 times
2=12.5m.The hot numerical simulation result that this boiler is carried out shows: under the former boiler structure and burner nozzle when adopting three kinds of arrangements of the prior art, and boiler NO
xDischarge capacity is respectively 1882mg/m
3, 1817mg/m
3, 1723mg/m
3And 1321mg/m
3, unburned combustible in fly ash is respectively 11.2%, 8.3%, 5.4% and 5.8%, adopts among the present invention behind the ejection grading combustion arrangement boiler NO
xDischarge capacity is reduced to 600mg/m
3, unburned combustible in fly ash is 4.5%, at decrease NO
xBoiler Economical Operation has also obtained maintenance in the time of discharging.Hot numerical simulation result has also drawn under the former boiler structure and burner nozzle when adopting three kinds of arrangements of the prior art, the mean temperature of boiler flue gas near front wall or rear water wall zone is respectively 792 ℃, 807 ℃, 703 ℃ and 628 ℃, average O
2Concentration is respectively 3.9%, 3.2%, 6.4% and 7.8%, and behind the ejection grading combustion arrangement, the flue gas mean temperature is down to 620 ℃, average O in this zone in adopting the present invention
2Concentration rises to 8%, owing to formed low temperature, hyperoxia concentration district at front water wall 2-2 and rear water wall 2-3 place near burner hearth, so the front water wall 2-2 of burner hearth and rear water wall 2-3 slagging scorification alleviate.
Operation principle of the present invention: on the chimney arch by inside and outside two strands of Secondary Airs of high wind speed injection and carry under the thick coal culm air-flow of low wind speed and penetrate step by step, it is descending to carry breeze airflow by the further injection of Secondary Air under the arch of wind speed height and biased downward certain angle again under chimney arch, thereby the realization multi-ejection grading combustion has reduced NO
xGenerate; The thick coal culm air-flow has effectively been organized bias combustion and has been reduced NO on the one hand near the arrangement of front water wall and rear water wall near burner hearth center and thin powdered coal air-flow
xGenerate, be conducive on the other hand catching fire and smooth combustion of thick coal culm air-flow; The most close front water wall of outer second air and rear water wall are arranged and have been avoided water-cooling wall and rear water wall slagging scorification.
Claims (2)
1. the method for a multi-ejection grading combustion, it is characterized in that: described method is achieved in that the upper front water wall (2-2) from burner hearth center (2-1) side to burner hearth of the front chimney arch (3) of burner hearth and at upper rear water wall (2-3) among from burner hearth center (2-1) side to burner hearth of the rear chimney arch (15) of burner hearth and is furnished with successively a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts (10), a plurality of inner second air spouts (11), a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts (12) and a plurality of outer second air spout (13), thick coal culm air-flow (5) is sprayed in the lower hearth (1) by a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts (10), inner second air (6) is sprayed in the lower hearth 1 by a plurality of inner second air spouts (11), thin powdered coal air-flow (7) is sprayed in the lower hearth (1) by a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts (12), outer second air (8) is sprayed in the lower hearth (1) by a plurality of outer second air spouts (13), be step by step injection and carry under the thick coal culm air-flow (5) that wind speed is 10～20m/s and penetrate of the inner second air (6) of 35～65m/s and outer second air (8) that wind speed is 35～65m/s by wind speed, the first order and second level fractional combustion have been realized, wind speed be under the arch of 35～65m/s Secondary Air (9) by the front water wall that is arranged on lower hearth (1) (2-2) under a plurality of arches on the upper and rear water wall (2-3) overfire air port (14) spray in the lower hearth (1), further the injection breeze airflow is descending, realized third level fractional combustion, center line and the angle between the horizontal plane (α) of the lower overfire air port (14) of arch are 25 °～45 °, thick coal culm air-flow spout (10), thin powdered coal air-flow spout (12), the lower overfire air port (14) of arch, the shape of inner second air spout (11) and outer second air spout (13) is rectangle or circle, and the length-width ratio that is shaped as the thick coal culm air-flow spout (10) of rectangle is 4～5: 1;
Upward upward respectively arrange successively thick coal culm air-flow (5), inner second air (6), thin powdered coal air-flow (7) and outer second air (8) by burner hearth center (2-1) to rear water wall (2-3) direction of burner hearth by burner hearth center (2-1) to the front water wall (2-2) of burner hearth and at rear chimney arch (15) at front chimney arch (3);
Be close to the first injection of inner second air (6) of thick coal culm air-flow (5) and carry and penetrate one section degree of depth under the thick coal culm air-flow (5), the coal dust required air that in earlier stage burns is provided simultaneously, injects after the lower hearth degree of depth far away just mixed airflow with thick coal culm air-flow (5), inner second air (6) and thin powdered coal air-flow (7) downwards near the outer second air (8) of the front water wall (2-2) of burner hearth and rear water wall (2-3) and mix mutually and carry breeze airflow and in lower hearth (1), continue deep.
2. the method for a kind of multi-ejection grading combustion according to claim 1 is characterized in that: center line and the angle between the horizontal plane (α) of the lower overfire air port (14) of arch are 45 °.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010101496345A CN101832549B (en) | 2010-04-19 | 2010-04-19 | Multi-ejection grading combustion method |
| US12/736,365 US20110253066A1 (en) | 2010-04-19 | 2010-06-13 | W-staged flame boiler for multi-stage combustion with multi-ejection and its method thereof |
| GB1017575.0A GB2486630B (en) | 2010-04-19 | 2010-06-13 | Method for multi-stage combustion with multi-ejection by a boiler |
| PCT/CN2010/073947 WO2011130936A1 (en) | 2010-04-19 | 2010-06-13 | Staged combustion method with multiple injections and w-shaped flame boiler device for carrying out the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010101496345A CN101832549B (en) | 2010-04-19 | 2010-04-19 | Multi-ejection grading combustion method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101832549A CN101832549A (en) | 2010-09-15 |
| CN101832549B true CN101832549B (en) | 2013-03-27 |
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| CN2010101496345A Active CN101832549B (en) | 2010-04-19 | 2010-04-19 | Multi-ejection grading combustion method |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20110253066A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101832549B (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2486630B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2011130936A1 (en) |
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| CN102679330A (en) * | 2012-06-07 | 2012-09-19 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | Separation over-fire air-low NOx dense-light W-shaped flame combustion device |
| CN102705816B (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-06-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | W flame boiler combustion optimizing device |
| CN102777893B (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2014-12-10 | 贵州电力试验研究院 | External secondary air adjusting method and structure for W-flame direct current boiler of double-air regulation burner |
| CN103115353B (en) * | 2013-03-04 | 2015-06-17 | 章礼道 | Half-W-shaped flame burning supercritical power station boiler |
| CN103307596B (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2015-07-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Spandrel combustor for W-shaped flame boiler |
| JP6248698B2 (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2017-12-20 | 三浦工業株式会社 | Boiler equipment |
| CN104132322A (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2014-11-05 | 章礼道 | Semi-W flame combustion subcritical steam pocket furnace |
| CN104595892B (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2017-11-03 | 华电电力科学研究院 | Improve the ejection grading combustion W flame boiler of coal powder ignition burning |
| GB201502891D0 (en) * | 2015-02-20 | 2015-04-08 | Doosan Babcock Ltd | Downshot burner |
| CN106196018B (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2018-05-11 | 贵州电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of W flame direct current cooker is become a cadre the method for commissioning of state burner |
| CN106524137B (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2019-03-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of multi-ejection classification W flame boiler using vortex burner |
| CN107228358B (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2024-01-30 | 北京巴布科克·威尔科克斯有限公司 | Double-step arched W-flame boiler hearth structure |
| CN107606604B (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2024-05-03 | 贵州电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Variable arch angle W-shaped flame boiler |
| CN111006238A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-04-14 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司火力发电技术研究院 | Method for automatically adjusting up-down position of flame center of hearth of pulverized coal fired boiler with four tangential corners |
| CN111536510A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-08-14 | 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 | W flame boiler |
| CN114923168B (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-12-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Self-stable combustion low-nitrogen oxide four-corner tangential boiler and combustion method |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB201017575D0 (en) | 2010-12-01 |
| CN101832549A (en) | 2010-09-15 |
| GB2486630A (en) | 2012-06-27 |
| WO2011130936A1 (en) | 2011-10-27 |
| GB2486630B (en) | 2018-04-11 |
| US20110253066A1 (en) | 2011-10-20 |
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