A kind of cotton-simulated terylene short fiber and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cotton-simulated terylene short fiber and preparation method thereof, particularly relate to and a kind ofly carry out alkali treatment again, make fiber surface form cotton-simulated terylene short fiber of pit and preparation method thereof through adding the inorganic particulate melt-spun.
Background technology
At present; PET industry from 21 century production capacity sharply increase, present domestic polyester production capacity surpasses 2,000 ten thousand tons/year, but the utilization of capacity is very low; Cost of material is high, added value of product is low causes many reasons such as the finished product price is low to cause numerous polyester losses of enterprise serious; The stop device of much having to close, in this case, Development and Production high added value functional polyester product, energy saving and cost lowering become the theme of numerous enterprises Future Development.On the other hand, along with the raising of social life level, people require increasingly highly to the clothing comfortableness, and progress of science and technology also provides possibility for the improvement of comfort of fabric ability.The clothes wearing comfortableness includes two kinds of physiological and psychological factors, and most of synthetic fiber lack good suction, moisture pick-up properties, and in high humidity, the condition of high temperature, the clothes that people wear synthetic fiber have feeling of oppression and heat, and mood is had the fidgets; Under humid tropical condition, human body and check room frictional force increase again, and sense of heaviness increases, to people's psychology and the not very big influence of physiological change generation.Therefore moisture absorption, the perspire property that improves synthetic fabrics is one of direction of following textiles development.
Polyester fiber is the first kind of synthetic fiber, and its output accounts for more than 80% of chemical fibre total output, because of its good cost performance is widely used in garment material and other non-field of taking.Yet,, lack comfort when wearing because its hydrophobic property causes absorbing water, hygroscopicity is poor.How to prepare and a kind ofly have high absorbing sweat, perspire, rapid-curing cutback fabric simultaneously and use polyester fiber; It is the target that always laying siege to of researcher and enterpriser for many years; It should become a big kind of the long and short fiber of polyester, and from so-called fibre in differentiation kind, shows one's talent.
High absorbing sweat, perspire, rapid-curing cutback fabric are used polyester fiber, are the basic elements that constitutes fabric.The moisture absorption, the perspiration discharging performance that solve fabric at first need be understood fabric moisture, perspire process.Two notions at first need be described, the one, hygroscopicity, the 2nd, water imbibition.So-called hygroscopicity is meant that fabric absorbs the ability of vaporous water, and it depends primarily on the chemical constitution of fiber, and less with the physical arrangement relation, and the fiber of good hygroscopicity also is difficult for producing static, has both helped weaving processing, and is comfortable and easy to wear again.And water imbibition is meant that fabric absorbs the ability of aqueous water; Refer to that promptly liquid moisture is wetting at fiber surface; Capillary by forming between the hole in the fiber, cavity and fiber absorbs, keeps; The water imbibition of the fiber both chemical constitution with fiber is relevant, and is also relevant with physical arrangement, the morphosis of fiber.For hydrophobic fibre, the physical arrangement of fiber, morphosis are more important to absorptive contribution.Generally; In macromolecular crystal region of fiber or high order district, hydrone is difficult to diffusion or infiltrates, and at amorphous area or less ordered region and morphosis is coarse, micropore or more zone and the interfibrous gap location of hole; Hydrone is easy to diffusion and is held, and shows as hydrophily.Burden in the narration is removed in necessary occasion, below all uses the printed words of " moisture absorption ".
Human body under dressing state, work and motion process in perspiration must be arranged; Sweat can be described as two kinds of forms through the process that fabric conducts to extraneous space: the one, and the liquid direct contact fabric of sweat; And, absorption wetting by the inner surface of fabric with the form of aqueous water; Rely between yarn again or the slit forms between fiber capillarity is delivered to fabric exterior, flash to water vapor diffusion again to the outer space; The 2nd, the fiber that directly is configured fabric by the steam of human sweat evaporation absorbs, and condenses into aqueous water at the fabric inner surface, is transferred to fabric face with same mechanism again, flashes to water vapour and migrates to the outer space.
Terylene is a hydrophobic fibre, and its fabric dress has wet vexed sense.The hydrophobicity that changes terylene can improve its hygroscopicity, and improved method is the hydrophilic radical that on conventional fibre, induces one, the affinity of fortifying fibre and water.The change of fiber cross section shape also has direct influence to the water imbibition of terylene.Cross section is that non-circular terylene water imbibition is superior to the circular cross section terylene, like profiled filaments such as triangle, trilobal, quatrefoil, leafy shape, rhombus, hollow shape, special-shaped hollows.Special polyester with complex geometry cross section, its hygroscopicity, anti-pilling, nice and cool property have improvement in various degree respectively.The water imbibition of much utilizing water-soluble polyester to improve polyester fiber is arranged at present, but because the manufacturing cost of " water-soluble polyester " is higher, composite spinning technology is not only complicated and yield poorly.Many microporous hollow fibers price that composite spinning makes is higher, so limited its development and application.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of aforesaid a kind of cotton-simulated terylene short fiber,, just provide a kind of and carry out alkali treatment again, make fiber surface form cotton-simulated terylene short fiber of pit and preparation method thereof through interpolation inorganic particulate melt-spun.The not only complicated but also problem that yields poorly of the composite spinning technology that the invention solves prior art has remedied the deficiency that the terylene hydrophily is weak, its fabric dress has wet vexed sense.
A kind of cotton-simulated terylene short fiber of the present invention, the fiber surface of this cotton-simulated terylene short fiber has pit, and the content of calcium sulfate is 0~1%, and the content of PEG is 1~10%, and the content of ECDP is 1~10%.
As optimized technical scheme:
Wherein, aforesaid a kind of cotton-simulated terylene short fiber, described calcium sulfate average grain diameter is 5~10 μ m.
Aforesaid a kind of cotton-simulated terylene short fiber, described pit diameter are 5~30 μ m
Aforesaid a kind of cotton-simulated terylene short fiber, the specification of described cotton-simulated terylene short fiber are 1.5D * 38mm.Certainly, the specification of cotton-simulated terylene short fiber can also be the 1.5D * 51mm of wool type.
The present invention also provides a kind of cotton-simulated terylene short fiber preparation method, and the mixture of polyester PET section, calcium sulfate, ECDP and PEG is dry in the vacuum drum baking oven, processes the terylene precursor at 270~280 ℃ through the profile spinneret molten spinning; Then through coiling, doff, balance boundling, seal wire, predraft with oil; Through once or behind the succeeding stretch,, make fiber again through a tank through alkali treatment; The pH value of solution is 8.5~10 in the tank; The soak time of fiber in tank is 3-5 minute, and part calcium sulfate can be dissolved in immersion process, makes fiber surface form micropore; Carry out nervous HEAT SETTING at last, curl, relaxation heat setting, cut-out, packing, finally obtain the product cotton-simulated terylene short fiber;
Wherein polyester PET section, calcium sulfate, ECDP and the PEG mass percent in its mixture is:
Calcium sulfate 0.1~3%
PEG 1~10%
ECDP 1~10%
PET section 77~97.9%.
Wherein, aforesaid a kind of cotton-simulated terylene short fiber preparation method, the molecular weight of described PEG is 4000-8000, and the inherent viscosity of ECDP is 0.56-0.62dL/g, and the inherent viscosity of PET section is 0.68-0.78dL/g.
Aforesaid a kind of cotton-simulated terylene short fiber preparation method, described profile spinneret is a kind of in trilobal cross spinnerets, platypelloid type spinnerets, hollow type spinnerets or the cross spinnerets.
The principle of a kind of cotton-simulated terylene short fiber of the present invention and preparation method thereof is: with calcium sulfate, ECDP, PEG etc. and polyester (PET) section carrying out blend again through melt spinning, after post processing washes out part of sulfuric acid calcium forms; ECDP; The adding of PEG is used for reducing the viscosity of polyester, improves the hydrophilic ability of polyester fiber.This fiber can be on the equipment of conventional polyester staple fibre Direct Production, process equipment does not have specific (special) requirements, prepared polyester staple fiber function admirable, hydroscopic fast-drying, soft, dyeability good, product has combined the good characteristic of polyster fibre and cotton fiber.
Fibrous fracture intensity>=2.8cN/dtex of the present invention, elongation at break>=20%, volume resistivity≤10
10Ω em, water absorption rate>=100%, measure wicking height>=90mm, evaporation rate>=0.18g/hr.
Calcium sulfate is a kind of inorganic particulate, and calcium sulfate is joined article that blend in the polyester processes fiber seldom, generally all is that calcium sulfate crystal whiskers is applied in the medical science.Because additive agent modified its inorganic particles of polyester can be dissolved by alkali lye, its particle diameter is very tiny again simultaneously, and particulate is formed trickle hole by alkali lye dissolving back in polyster fibre; But; Because the fiber that how much determining of inorganic matter quantity becomes the quality of micropore in the additive agent modified polyester; For making polyster fibre reach desirable pore-forming effect; When making multi-micropore terylene with pure inorganic additive modified poly ester, the inorganic particles in the polyester must reach some just can reach satisfied micropore effect; Along with the increase of inorganic particles quantity, many micropores effect of polyster fibre reaches requirement gradually, but has also brought many problems to spinning simultaneously.At first being the spinnability variation that strengthens fiber owing to " impurity " content in the polyester, secondly is the back processing difficulties.In addition, because the inorganic fine particles in the PET Hollow fiber can not be all dissolved, after the alkali lye processing, fiber is still more stiff; Therefore, can only make fair terylene micropore hollow core staple fibers, and the flexibility of fiber and bulkiness are bad with pure additive agent modified polyester.For this reason, guaranteeing that the addition of qualification inorganic matter with the main body of this polyester as fiber, is sneaked into a certain amount of copolyesters such as ECDP that contains hydrophilic radical, PEG etc. again under the good situation with fabric sofetening of fiber spinnability when spinning.When the content of hydrophilic component in the copolyesters reached a certain amount of, initial minor amount of water got in the copolyesters and combines with hydrophilic radical, and the active force between the copolyesters molecule is reduced, and system viscosity descends; Hydrone continues infiltration then, produces rapid phase transfer after, make the viscosity reduction significantly once more of polyester.Produced in the process of micropore by the buck dissolving at polyster fibre; The inorganic particles that at first is fiber surface is by buck or alkali lye stripping; On fiber surface, form small hole or tiny groove not of uniform size, the inorganic particles of hole or grooved inner surface is continued stripping by alkali lye or buck again then, in fiber, forms tiny micropore; Along with alkali lye gets into these micropores; Hydrolysis continues to carry out vertically and radially with dissolving, and micropore just also along axial and radially development, has produced " microporous network " of mutual perforation comparatively uniformly in the last fiber.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Compared with prior art, good effect of the present invention is:
(1) features simple and practical process of the present invention, production method is simple, has guaranteed the spinnability of polyester (PET);
(2) though have document and patent to mention inorganic particulate and polyester blend, being made into fiber seldom, generally is to process film, neither be in order to change its wettability power.Fiber of the present invention is through in polyester slice, adding the fiber that calcium sulfate, ECDP, PEG come out through the profile spinneret melt-spinning then; This method is added certain calcium sulfate CaSO
4, utilize it can combine the crystallization water to improve and absorb, simultaneously part of sulfuric acid calcium CaSO
4In last handling process, washed out, formed micropore, also can be reached the effect of suction water storage at fiber surface;
(3) moisture absorbing and sweat releasing of the present invention has utilized profile spinneret; Make PET fiber surface produce minute groove with capillary effect; Thereby sweat moves to the surface of fabric and volatilization fast rapidly through effects such as wicking receipts, diffusion, transmission, thereby keeps the dry feeling of human body skin peptide; Simultaneously, when moisture state, can as cotton fiber, not lodge yet, can keep micro climate state comfortable between fabric and skin all the time, reach the purpose that improves comfortableness; Every fiber with moisture absorption sweat discharging functions generally all has high specific area; There are numerous micropores or groove in the surface; The cross section generally is designed to special different form, utilizes capillary theory, makes fiber suction fast, water delivery, diffusion and volatilization; Can absorb skin surface moisture and sweat rapidly, and be discharged into outer evaporation; Abnormity moisture absorption sweat-releasing terylene fiber is the fiber with special cross-section; Special polyester is because there is groove in filament; There is more space in fiber and has good capillary effect and than highly-breathable; Therefore the diffusion of moisture is obviously accelerated, and wetting disengagement area enlarges markedly, and moisture absorption, the gentle wet guiding function of row are good; Simultaneously, because a large amount of evaporator strips of sweat are walked the human body parts heat, shell temperature descends and makes the people have feel cool, even in the occasion of large amount of exercise, and clothing also can keep dryer and comfortableer, sticking body; And behind the general cloth absorption sweat, moisture entrapment increases the weight of clothing in fiber, hinders the evaporation and the skin heat radiation of sweat, and a large amount of backs of moving produce clammy sense, let the people feel muggy and oppressive;
(4) polyester staple fiber for preparing of the present invention is because its cross section special-shapedization has good hydroscopic fast-drying function; Simultaneously in the spinning process, introduce flexible group and be prone to dye group such as diethylene glycol (DEG) and PEG, ECDP etc.; Make the fiber of spinning have warm sense of touch, dyeability good, feel and compliance are all fine, simultaneously dawnization carefully; The last flexibility of road, back yarn that combines is again handled processing, can develop the imitative cotton and ultra cotton product of series specification to the different demands in market.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in the restriction scope of the present invention.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can do various changes or modification to the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.
The fiber surface of a kind of cotton-simulated terylene short fiber of the present invention has pit, and pit diameter is 5~30 μ m.In this cotton-simulated terylene short fiber, the content of calcium sulfate is 0~1wt%, and the content of PEG is 1~10wt%, and the content of ECDP is 1~10wt%.
Wherein, aforesaid a kind of cotton-simulated terylene short fiber, described calcium sulfate average grain diameter is 5~10 μ m.The specification of described cotton-simulated terylene short fiber is 1.5D * 38mm, and certainly, the specification of cotton-simulated terylene short fiber can also be the 1.5D * 51mm of wool type.
Wherein, aforesaid a kind of cotton-simulated terylene short fiber, fracture strength>=2.8cN/dtex, elongation at break>=20%, volume resistivity≤10
10Ω cm, water absorption rate>=100%, measure wicking height>=90mm, evaporation rate>=0.18g/hr.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method
A kind of preparation method of cotton-simulated terylene short fiber, concrete steps are:
The mixture of polyester PET section, calcium sulfate, ECDP and PEG is dry in the vacuum drum baking oven, and the mass percent of its raw material is:
Calcium sulfate 0.1%
PEG: molecular weight is 4,000 1%
ECDP: inherent viscosity is 0.56 1%
The PET section: inherent viscosity is 0.68 97.9%
Process the terylene precursor at 270~280 ℃ through trilobal spinnerets molten spinning; Then through coiling, doff, balance boundling, seal wire, predraft with oil; Again through once or behind the succeeding stretch; Through alkali treatment carry out nervous HEAT SETTING at last, curl, relaxation heat setting, cut-out, packing, finally obtain the product cotton-simulated terylene short fiber;
In this cotton-simulated terylene short fiber, the content of calcium sulfate is 0~0.01wt%, and the content of PEG is 1wt%, and the content of ECDP is 1wt%.
Wherein: the temperature of polyester PET section and calcium sulfate, ECDP, PEG co-blended spinning is 270~280 ℃, and be 10~15 minutes preheating time;
Embodiment 2
The preparation method
With embodiment 1, wherein: described profile spinneret is the platypelloid type spinnerets.
The mass percent of its raw material is:
Calcium sulfate 0.5%
PEG: molecular weight is 5,000 3%
ECDP: inherent viscosity is 0.58dL/g 3%
The PET section: inherent viscosity is 0.70dL/g 93.5%
In this cotton-simulated terylene short fiber, the content of calcium sulfate is 0.05~0.15wt%, and the content of PEG is 3wt%, and the content of ECDP is 3wt%.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method
With embodiment 1, wherein: described profile spinneret is the hollow type spinnerets.
The mass percent of its raw material is:
Calcium sulfate 1%
PEG: molecular weight is 6,000 5%
ECDP: inherent viscosity is 0.60dL/g 5%
The PET section: inherent viscosity is 0.72dL/g 89%
In this cotton-simulated terylene short fiber, the content of calcium sulfate is 0.2~0.3wt%, and the content of PEG is 5wt%, and the content of ECDP is 5wt%.
Embodiment 4
The preparation method
With embodiment 1, wherein: the cross spinnerets of described profile spinneret.
The mass percent of its raw material is:
Calcium sulfate 2%
PEG: molecular weight is 7,000 7%
ECDP: inherent viscosity is 0.61dL/g 7%
The PET section: inherent viscosity is 0.75dL/g 84%
In this cotton-simulated terylene short fiber, the content of calcium sulfate is 0.5~0.7wt%, and the content of PEG is 7wt%, and the content of ECDP is 7wt%.
Embodiment 5
The preparation method
With embodiment 1, wherein: described profile spinneret is " 8 " font spinnerets.
The mass percent of its raw material is:
Calcium sulfate 3%
PEG: molecular weight is 8,000 10%
ECDP: inherent viscosity is 0.62dL/g 10%
The PET section: inherent viscosity is 0.78dL/g 77%
In this cotton-simulated terylene short fiber, the content of calcium sulfate is 0.8~1wt%, and the content of PEG is 10wt%, and the content of ECDP is 10wt%.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the present invention's design; Can also make some improvement and retouching, these improvement and retouching also should be regarded as in protection scope of the present invention.