CN101829849A - Laser double-fusion welding method - Google Patents
Laser double-fusion welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101829849A CN101829849A CN 201010179365 CN201010179365A CN101829849A CN 101829849 A CN101829849 A CN 101829849A CN 201010179365 CN201010179365 CN 201010179365 CN 201010179365 A CN201010179365 A CN 201010179365A CN 101829849 A CN101829849 A CN 101829849A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a laser double-fusion welding method, which is characterized in that: the welding for a welding seam is completed by welding twice, and the method comprises the following steps of: cleaning the welded parts of a first workpiece and a second welded parts required to be welded; and carrying out forward laser welding (including an arc starting, a laser welding process and an arc ending) on the parts required to be welded so as to complete the welding of a first welding seam, and then carrying out backward laser welding (including an arc starting, a laser welding process and an arc ending) from the end of the completed first welding seam. When the clearance between the laser welded workpieces is excessively large, the method can effectively avoid the generation of a 'cavity' micro-hole in the process of arc ending. By using the laser double-fusion welding method, a welding seam is welded by way of forward welding and backward welding, the problem that the large clearance between two laser welded workpieces easily result in the generation of the micro-hole is solved; the main cause of generating the micro-hole is that: after the clearance is large, when the workpieces are subjected to arc ending, , the air exists between the two workpieces along with the decrease of the power and the 'cavity' micro-hole is easily generated; and the double-fusion welding method can achieve better arc ending and avoid the generation of the micro-hole when the clearance is 0.3mm.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for laser welding, particularly relate to a kind of method that in gas-insulated switchgear, adopts the laser double-fusion welding.
Background technology
In recent years, gas-insulated switchgear has obtained promptly promoting and using in China, particularly along with China's urban distribution network construction and switching devices such as transformation, track traffic and large industrial enterprise have proposed new requirements at the higher level such as miniaturization, intellectuality, non-maintaining, full operating mode, high-performance, high-quality inflation cabinet demand at home are more and more stronger.Former air type switchgear is main gas-insulated switchgear development to the big electric current of small size, and gas-insulated switchgear progressively replaces becomes main flow.And according to the requirement of national grid, the inflation cabinet year leak rate less than 1 ‰, as the rigid index of inflation cabinet, require the inflation cabinet necessarily to guarantee the air-tightness of switch when moving.
Guarantee inflation cabinet air-tightness, laser welding technology is one of key.Characteristics such as laser weld is fast because of its speed of welding, the heat input is little, distortion and residual stress are little, the reliability and stability of appearance of weld are splendid, so be widely used in the welding of gas-insulated switchgear.But having during the various sealing gas tank of laser weld a unavoidable shortcoming, welding to receive the arc place in the practice is easy to generate " hole " little pore and causes the one of the main reasons revealed.Like this, it is not high to cause the gas tank first-time qualification rate to carry.In sum, an urgent demand improves the q﹠r of gas-insulated switchgear.
Summary of the invention
At the problems referred to above, main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of gas leakage " hole " micropore that adopts the laser double-fusion welding procedure to solve and produce in the laser receipts arc process can effectively reduce the welding method of the leak rate of inflation cabinet.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem by following technical proposals: a kind of laser double-fusion welding method is characterized in that: a weld seam is divided into secondary welding finishes, concrete grammar comprises the steps:
First workpiece of needs welding and the weld of second workpiece are cleaned up, laser weld is forward carried out from the starting the arc in place in the needs welding, finish article one weld seam at laser beam welding until receiving arc, and then terminal reverse according to the starting the arc, finish to the receipts arc again from what require to finish weld seam to laser beam welding.
In one embodiment, the distance range between described first workpiece and second workpiece is between 0.15～0.3mm.
In another embodiment, described first workpiece is a stainless steel square steel or stainless steel plate, and second workpiece is a corrosion resistant plate.
In another embodiment, the thickness of described stainless steel square steel or stainless steel plate is 2.0～20.0mm, and the thickness of described corrosion resistant plate is 2.0～4.0mm.
In another embodiment, the thickness of described stainless steel square steel or stainless steel plate is 14.0mm, and the thickness of described corrosion resistant plate is 3.0mm.
In another embodiment, described article one weld seam accounts for 1/5～4/5 of whole piece fusion length.
In another embodiment, described article one weld seam accounts for 2/3rds of whole piece fusion length.
In another embodiment, described article one weld seam accounts for 1/3rd of whole piece fusion length.
In another embodiment, described article one weld seam accounts for 1/2nd of whole piece fusion length.
The course of work of the present invention is as follows: at first, forward from the starting the arc, finish article one weld seam to laser beam welding until receiving arc, account for 2/3rds length of whole piece weld seam, remaining is the second weld seam.Welded behind article one weld seam more terminal reversely according to the starting the arc, finish to receiving arc again, received the position of arc and should promptly finish the welding of second weld seam at 1/3rd places of whole piece weld seam to laser beam welding from what require to finish weld seam.Melt the laser welded seam that welding comes out and be shaped weld joint stable, nothing " hole " micropore by two.Because when reverse second weld seam was received arc with article one weld seam, " hole " micropore of generation effectively covered.And its receipts arc is in article one commissure, and having merged no air between workpiece and workpiece does not have the gap, promptly under the 0 clearance distance perfect condition.
Positive progressive effect of the present invention is: the method for laser double-fusion welding provided by the invention has the following advantages: " hole " micropore that the present invention produces in the time of can effectively avoiding receiving arc.A weld seam is divided into along contrary twice welding, so mainly solve the big (problem of＞micropore that 0.15mm) is easy to generate in gap between welding two workpiece, the main cause that produces micropore be between two workpiece of big back, gap when receiving arc, along with " hole " micropore of after between two workpiece air being arranged, being easy to generate of reducing of power, adopt two melting also can receive the arc pore-free in the crack preferably at 0.3mm and produce.
Description of drawings
The schematic diagram that power when Fig. 1 is laser weld changes;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the weld seam under the perfect condition;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the weld seam under the nonideality;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of employing double-fusion welding method weld seam provided by the invention.
The specific embodiment
Provide preferred embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, to describe technical scheme of the present invention in detail.Before setting forth the present invention, explaining " hole " earlier is formation how, and inevitable property, solves according to its characteristic again.
The formation in " hole " main caused by following several respects reason:
The first, be that required laser power density is 10 because the Laser Welding characteristic determines that laser beam is that a diameter is a φ 0.25mm left and right sides energy beam
6W/cm
2About.Need and finish a weld seam, control by power and finish.At initial period a power uphill process is arranged be exactly power is controlled laser, middle welding process guarantees the full power state, at last when finishing weld seam, always a power decline process is arranged.Just in the power decline stage, because power density is less than 10
6W/cm
2The time, laser can't dissolve heating material and produce " hole " pore gradually.The schematic diagram that power when Fig. 1 is laser weld changes, referring to Fig. 1, letter among the figure " P " is the power of laser, letter " S " is the length of path of welding, " 1 " is starting point, power after beginning to weld rises to 100% process of welding power demand until arriving " 2 " point from initial 30%, " 2 " are put between " 3 " point and are the welding stage of power 100%, the welding of this moment can not produce " hole ", " 3 " put the section that descends for power between " 4 " point, and power drops to 40% of " 4 " point from 100% in this process.
The second, when laser weld, require 0 clearance distance under the perfect condition between the material of Laser Welding and the material.Usually need the material solder side to contact its gap with face and require to be not more than 0.10mm, could weld out weld seam preferably.Under perfect condition, " hole " pore can not cause leakage at the shallow table of material place, Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the weld seam under the perfect condition, ideally shown in Figure 2, the gap 9 of corrosion resistant plate 5 and stainless steel square steel or stainless steel plate 6 is not more than 0.1mm among the requirement figure, arrow is the direction of welding, and hole 8 is present in the shallow table place of weld seam 7.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the weld seam under the nonideality; Under actual conditions, be a contact, and local gap 9 is far longer than 0.10mm, substantially between 0.15～0.3mm.Gap 9 is big more to produce hole 8 phenomenons when causing welding, and as shown in Figure 3, the generation in hole almost is 50 percent probability.The gap 9 of corrosion resistant plate 5 and stainless steel square steel or stainless steel plate 6 is between 0.15～0.3mm among the figure, and arrow is the direction of welding, the common existence that is welded with hole 8, and hole 8 is easy to communicate with gap 9, causes gas leakage.
The 3rd, the crypticity that " hole " micropore exists.Quite a few " hole " micropore is arranged, and magnifying glass is crossed less than the 0.05mm IMU in the aperture, also is difficult for finding.In addition, " hole " micropore surface that also has has the material of the similar oxide layer of one deck, just as recessiveness " hole " micropore of a bubble.Can't with the naked eye find,, also can't thoroughly stop by the inspection of helium leak test equipment.Because micropore is minimum may be blocked undiscoveredly by little dregs, dispatch from the factory and passed through the leak detection circulation.Under the cell breath of gas tank, little leakage in use occurs and cause potential safety hazard.So it is very harmful.
Should have gained some understanding to its harm by above description, by 180～250 laser welded seams of general actual every gas tank to " hole ".If the probability according to every average 200 laser welded seams 5 percent calculates, that is exactly 10 and has gas leakage hidden danger point.Take measures to solve so press for.
The present invention is exactly at removing a hidden danger a little by the laser double-fusion welding technique.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of employing double-fusion welding method weld seam provided by the invention, left arrow is represented forward to weld in Fig. 4, arrow is to the right represented reverse welding, the gap 9 of stainless steel 5 and stainless steel square steel or stainless steel plate 6 is between 0.15～0.3mm among the figure, the thickness of stainless steel square steel or stainless steel plate 6 is 2.0～20.0mm, elect 14.0mm in force as, the thickness of corrosion resistant plate 5 is 2.0～5.0mm, elects 3.0mm in force as.
At first, forward from the starting the arc, finish article one weld seam 71 to laser beam welding until receiving arc, account for 2/3rds length of whole piece weld seam during welding, remaining is second weld seam 72.Welded behind article one weld seam 71 more terminal reversely according to the starting the arc, finish to receiving arc again, received the position of arc and should promptly finish the welding of second weld seam 72 at 1/3rd places of whole piece weld seam to laser beam welding from what require to finish weld seam.Melt the laser welded seam that welding comes out and be shaped weld joint stable, nothing " hole " micropore by two.Because when reverse second weld seam was received arc with article one weld seam, " hole " micropore of generation effectively covered.And it receives arc place 10 at article one weld seam 71 places, and having merged no air between workpiece and workpiece does not have the gap, promptly under the 0 clearance distance perfect condition, so can effectively eliminate micropore.
Article one, to account for the method and the technology of welding method and the technology of length of other ratio of whole piece weld seam and above-mentioned 2/3rds the length that accounts for the whole piece weld seam the same for the length of weld seam.
More than show and described basic principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that describes in the foregoing description and the specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications; these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention, and the claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (9)
1. laser double-fusion welding method, it is characterized in that: a weld seam is divided into secondary welding finishes, concrete grammar comprises the steps:
First workpiece of needs welding and the weld of second workpiece are cleaned up, laser weld is forward carried out from the starting the arc in place in the needs welding, finish article one weld seam at laser beam welding until receiving arc, and then terminal reverse according to the starting the arc, finish to the receipts arc again from what require to finish weld seam to laser beam welding.
2. laser double-fusion welding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the distance range between described first workpiece and second workpiece is between 0.15～0.3mm.
3. laser double-fusion welding method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described first workpiece is a stainless steel square steel or stainless steel plate (6), and second workpiece is corrosion resistant plate (5).
4. laser double-fusion welding method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the thickness of described stainless steel square steel or stainless steel plate (6) is 2.0～20.0mm, and the thickness of described corrosion resistant plate (5) is 2.0～4.0mm.
5. laser double-fusion welding method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the thickness of described stainless steel square steel or stainless steel plate (6) is 14.0mm, and the thickness of described corrosion resistant plate (5) is 3.0mm.
6. laser double-fusion welding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described article one weld seam accounts for 1/5～4/5 of whole piece fusion length.
7. laser double-fusion welding method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described article one weld seam accounts for 2/3rds of whole piece fusion length.
8. laser double-fusion welding method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described article one weld seam accounts for 1/3rd of whole piece fusion length.
9. laser double-fusion welding method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described article one weld seam accounts for 1/2nd of whole piece fusion length.
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| CN 201010179365 CN101829849A (en) | 2010-05-20 | 2010-05-20 | Laser double-fusion welding method |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010179365 CN101829849A (en) | 2010-05-20 | 2010-05-20 | Laser double-fusion welding method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102528284A (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2012-07-04 | 铃木株式会社 | Laser lap welding method |
| CN103817403A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-05-28 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | Arc ending method for high-temperature alloy laser welding |
| CN110539076A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-12-06 | 天津玛斯特车身装备技术有限公司 | protective gas for laser welding and laser welding method using same |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5994666A (en) * | 1996-01-12 | 1999-11-30 | The Boeing Company | Multisheet metal sandwich structures |
| US6656603B2 (en) * | 1996-01-12 | 2003-12-02 | The Boeing Company | Multisheet sandwich structures with throughholes |
| JP2008213005A (en) * | 2007-03-06 | 2008-09-18 | Tokyu Car Corp | Laser welding method |
| CN101502918A (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2009-08-12 | 北京工业大学 | Method for reducing laser welding pores of cast magnesium alloy |
-
2010
- 2010-05-20 CN CN 201010179365 patent/CN101829849A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5994666A (en) * | 1996-01-12 | 1999-11-30 | The Boeing Company | Multisheet metal sandwich structures |
| US6656603B2 (en) * | 1996-01-12 | 2003-12-02 | The Boeing Company | Multisheet sandwich structures with throughholes |
| JP2008213005A (en) * | 2007-03-06 | 2008-09-18 | Tokyu Car Corp | Laser welding method |
| CN101502918A (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2009-08-12 | 北京工业大学 | Method for reducing laser welding pores of cast magnesium alloy |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102528284A (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2012-07-04 | 铃木株式会社 | Laser lap welding method |
| US9308602B2 (en) | 2010-12-27 | 2016-04-12 | Suzuki Motor Corporation | Laser lap welding method |
| CN102528284B (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2016-10-12 | 铃木株式会社 | Laser lap welding method |
| CN103817403A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-05-28 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | Arc ending method for high-temperature alloy laser welding |
| CN103817403B (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2016-06-08 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | The receipts arc method of high temperature alloy laser weld |
| CN110539076A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-12-06 | 天津玛斯特车身装备技术有限公司 | protective gas for laser welding and laser welding method using same |
| CN110539076B (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2022-03-22 | 玛斯特轻量化科技(天津)有限公司 | Protective gas for laser welding and laser welding method using same |
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Application publication date: 20100915 |