CN101829749B - Approximate isothermal forging method of BT25 two-phase titanium alloy disk forge piece - Google Patents
Approximate isothermal forging method of BT25 two-phase titanium alloy disk forge piece Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses an approximate isothermal forging method of a BT25 two-phase titanium alloy disk forge piece. The process comprises the following steps of: heating a primary BT25 titanium alloy rod ingot to be below a phase transformation point by 30-75 DEG C and upsetting into a primary cake; heating the primary cake to be above the phase transformation point by 20-60 DEG C and drawing to return to the length of the primary rod ingot to obtain a secondary rod ingot; heating the secondary rod ingot to be below the phase transformation point by 30-75 DEG C, upsetting into a secondary cake and then punching into a ring blank and preheating spraying lubricant; heating the ring blank to be above the phase transformation point by 20-60 DEG C, heating an upper forging die and a lower forging die to be below the phase transformation point by 10-20 DEG C and spraying lubricant, wherein the upper forging die and the lower forging die forge the ring blank by using the pressure of 30-60MN to ensure that the deformation of the ring blank in the forging dies reaches 30-50 percent by a strain rate of 0.001s<-1>-0.01s<-1> to form a disk forging piece by once heating, and after forging twice annealing treatment are adopted for getting better ideal network texture and high property, thus the method is suitable for manufacturing forging pieces such as compressor disks, turbine disks, and the like of aircraft engines.
Description
The application is that application number is 200810069069.4, and the applying date is on December 25th, 2008, and denomination of invention is divided an application for " near isothermal forging method of two-phase titanium alloy disk forge piece " patent application.
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of forging method of titanium alloy forging, special BT25 is the near isothermal forging method of two-phase titanium alloy disk forge piece.
Background technology
Diskwares such as the compressor disc of aero-engine, the turbine disk are because work under bad environment, stressed complexity, and the type alpha+beta diphasic titanium alloy that often adopts excellent combination property is material such as TC17, BT25 forging and molding for example.Adopt the diskware of two titanium alloy forgings of type alpha+beta to have high strength, series of advantages such as fracture toughness is good, quenching degree is high and forging range is wide, can satisfy the needs of damage tolerance design and the requirement of high structure, high reliability and low manufacturing cost, and these excellent comprehensive performances must guarantee by desirable forging microstructure.
Aspect the forging method of diphasic titanium alloy, on March 19th, 2003, disclosed Chinese invention patent specification CN1403622A disclosed a kind of titanium alloy quasi-beta forging process, adopt this technology that the type alpha+beta diphasic titanium alloy is carried out accurate β when forging, be that titanium alloy blank is heated near the beta transformation point temperature zone, be that phase point temperature forges to 10 ℃ scope more than the phase point temperature for following 10 ℃, when heat in this zone, because the cooling of blank after coming out of the stove, the distortion of forging is actually to be carried out in the alpha+beta district, though adopt this method can obtain the α phase basket with netting on top tissue of high-ductility, but the primary of this basket with netting on top tissue is mutually still in 15%, and this patent specification is just generally mentioned the boundling shape α phase that can obtain the basket with netting on top braiding, do not provide concrete basket with netting on top and organize metallograph, the basket with netting on top tissue that the type alpha+beta diphasic titanium alloy that adopts this method to produce is obtained not is comparatively ideal tissue.For the forging of type alpha+beta diphasic titanium alloy, seek out the forging of comparatively ideal basket with netting on top tissue and every better performances, except the heating-up temperature of blank, the formulation of other technological parameters all can exert an influence to the final tissue and the performance of forging as the mold temperature of blank in forging process, deflection, strain rate etc.
Aspect near isothermal forging method, on September 19th, 2007, disclosed Chinese invention patent specification CN101036931A disclosed the aerial near isothermal forging method of a kind of GH4169 alloy plate shaped forgeable piece, this method employing jumping-up+pulling+heating and upsetting+punching again+heat roll off again to produce this alloy ring fine crystal blank material earlier, and then, obtained tiny and this higher alloy plate shaped forgeable piece of intensity of crystal grain being controlled at the nearly isothermal forging shaping that has realized this alloy between 30 ℃~55 ℃ in the ring fine crystal blank material threading forging die and the temperature difference of forging die and ring blank.This method has disclosed a kind of near isothermal forging method of high temperature alloy, its some processing steps are applicable to the near isothermal forging method of BT25 two-phase titanium alloy disk forge piece of the present invention, but because high temperature alloy belongs to two kinds of different metal material field with titanium alloy, therefore, when adopting high temperature alloy and titanium alloy that disk forge piece is carried out the near isothermal forging shaping, the forging method of two kinds of alloys is essentially different.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides the near isothermal forging method that a kind of ring blank that uses evenly tiny bifurcation tissue is realized the BT25 two-phase titanium alloy disk forge piece, adopts the disk forge piece of this method forging after heat treatment to have comparatively ideal basket with netting on top tissue and high-performance.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the near isothermal forging method of two-phase titanium alloy disk forge piece of the present invention is realized by the following technical solutions:
The BT25 titanium alloy rod bar is become once excellent ingot by the specification blanking, heat this rod ingot to below the alloy phase height 30 ℃~75 ℃, by after this rod ingot thickness 0.8~1min/mm insulation, again this rod ingot jumping-up being made its length is to obtain cake one time after original 50%~60%, forges the back water-cooled and handles;
Heat a described cake above 20 ℃~60 ℃ to transformation temperature, press the thick 0.8~1min/mm insulation of cake after, the pulling length of getting back to described once excellent ingot obtains the excellent ingot of secondary again;
Heat described secondary rod ingot to following 30 ℃~75 ℃ of transformation temperature, after this rod ingot thickness 0.8~1min/mm insulation, again this rod ingot jumping-up being made its length is to obtain the secondary cake after original 50%~60%, and this cake is gone out centre bore while hot and obtained encircling blank, forges the back water-cooled and handles;
At its surface spraying lubricant, heat described ring blank to above 20 ℃~60 ℃ of transformation temperature, behind the preheating ring blank to 200 ℃~300 ℃ by this blank wall thickness 0.5~0.8min/mm insulation; Heat upper and lower forging die to transformation temperature following 10 ℃~20 ℃ and at its surface spraying lubricant, described ring blank is put into forging die, upper and lower forging die encircles blank with the pressure forging and pressing of 30MN~60MN makes it with 0.001s
-1~0.01s
-1Strain rate forging die internal strain amount reach 30%~50% the back one fire be configured as disk forge piece;
Heat-treat after the forging, promptly described disk forge piece is heated to 988 ℃ ± 10 ℃, insulation 3h disperses to be heated to 555 ℃ ± 5 ℃ again behind the air cooling, disperses air cooling behind the insulation 7h.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention adopts " low-Gao-low " technology base, promptly BT25 alloy bar ingot is heated to below the transformation temperature 30 ℃~75 ℃, jumping-up; Be heated to above 20 ℃~60 ℃ of transformation temperature again, pulling; Be heated to following 30 ℃~75 ℃ of transformation temperature again, obtain encircling blank after the jumping-up punching.The ring blank that " low-Gao-low " technology is made is organized more tiny, α is isometry and distributes, for obtaining comparatively ideal basket with netting on top tissue, follow-up nearly isothermal forging disk forge piece lays the foundation, this is to be suppressed because forge growing up of the inner water-cooled α of back ring blank pin in the high-temperature region, in heat treatment subsequently, because the effect of distortional strain energy makes the α pin by nodularization.Blank heating temperature is more than transformation temperature 20 ℃~60 ℃ during base, this temperature has fully remedied the detection error of the transformation temperature sum of errors heating furnace of blank, the heating-up temperature of guaranteeing the each several part blank is all more than transformation temperature, and this temperature has guaranteed to heat more than the transformation temperature β crystal grain that is generated again, and crystallization is abundant again, the size of β crystal grain is suitable, the big or small uniformity of each β crystal grain is for next step nearly isothermal forging is got ready.
The ring blank heating to more than the transformation temperature 20 ℃~60 ℃, is heated to forging die below the transformation temperature after 10 ℃~20 ℃, make encircle the temperature difference of blank in forging die and between the forging die in 30 ℃~80 ℃ scope, strain rate is at 0.001s
-1~0.01s
-1Scope is interior, deflection is controlled in 30%~50% scope and realize that a fire forges into disk forge piece, be in two-phase section, to carry out in order to ensure some distortion of ring blank in the nearly isothermal forging process, broken grain boundary prevents that complete β crystal boundary from existing, and obtains comparatively ideal basket shape tissue; Lower mold temperature has been widened the mould selection range relatively, has been reduced die cost simultaneously, and helps improving die life; Adopting faster, strain rate is to carry out for the major part distortion is concentrated on the β district, only stay fraction (20%~30%) distortion to carry out in the alpha+beta district, thereby obtain the best fracture toughness and the coupling of plasticity, improve the crack growth rate of diskware, fully satisfy the needs of damage tolerance design.Forging has after heat treatment obtained comparatively ideal basket with netting on top tissue.
The room temperature tensile performance of the disk forge piece made of BT25 titanium alloy material after testing, its tensile strength is 1050MPa~1060MPa (greater than the 980MPa of design instructions for use), elongation after fracture be 8%~9% (greater than the design instructions for use 7%), the contraction percentage of area be 16%~23% (greater than the design instructions for use 15%), ballistic work is 48.9~52.7J/cm
2(greater than the 29.4J/cm of design instructions for use
2).
Description of drawings
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the blank-making method process chart of BT25 diphasic titanium alloy ring blank.
Fig. 2 adopts ring blank near isothermal forging shown in Figure 1 to become the process chart of disk forge piece.
Fig. 3 adopts ring blank that the BT25 titanium alloy material the makes metallographic structure figure along the place, centre position, longitudinal section that center line is cut open.
Fig. 4 adopts the metallographic structure figure of the disk forge piece of BT25 titanium alloy material near isothermal forging along the place, centre position, longitudinal section that center line is cut open.
The specific embodiment
The type alpha+beta diphasic titanium alloy, for example:
Russia's material trademark is the titanium alloy of BT25, and its main chemical elements content (percentage by weight) is: contain Al amount 6.20%~7.20%, contain Mo amount 1.50%~2.50%, contain Zr amount 0.80%~2.50%, contain sn amount 0.80%~2.50%, contain W amount 0.50%~1.50%, si content 0.10%~0.25%, contain Fe amount≤0.15%, C content≤0.10%, contain O amount≤0.15%, contain N amount≤0.04%, contain H amount≤0.012%, contain Cu amount≤0.10%, contain Cr amount≤0.10%, surplus is Ti.
Provided the near isothermal forging method processing step of BT25 diphasic titanium alloy below:
Step 1: as shown in Figure 1, BT25 titanium alloy circular bar is pressed the blanking of forging specification become once excellent ingot 1, again excellent ingot 1 once is put into and is heated to below the titanium alloy transformation temperature 30 ℃~75 ℃ in the forge furnace, insulation then, temperature retention time is calculated by excellent ingot thickness 0.8~1min/mm once.
Step 2: excellent ingot 1 is once taken out in forge furnace, be put into and be upset as cake 2 on the forging press one time, the thickness of a described cake 2 is once 50%~60% of excellent ingot 1 length, cools off in water immediately after the forging.
Step 3: an above-mentioned cake 2 is put into is heated to above 20 ℃~60 ℃ of this titanium alloy transformation temperature in the forge furnace, insulation, temperature retention time is calculated by cake thickness a 0.8~1min/mm.
Step 4: take out an above-mentioned cake 2 in the forge furnace, be put on the forging press pulling again and get back to once the length of excellent ingot 1 and obtain secondary rod ingot 3.
Step 5: secondary rod ingot 3 is put into is heated to these below titanium alloy transformation temperature 30 ℃~75 ℃ in the forge furnace, insulation then, temperature retention time press secondary rod ingot thickness 0.8~1min/mm calculating.
Step 6: secondary rod ingot 3 is taken out in forge furnace, be put into and be upset as secondary cake 4 on the forging press, the thickness of described secondary cake 4 is 50%~60% of secondary rod ingot 3 length, the centre bore of going out secondary cake 4 with drift obtains encircling blank 5 while hot, the base process finishes, and cools off in recirculated water immediately after the forging.
Step 7: as shown in Figure 2, be convenient follow-up forging delivery, can be preheating to 200 ℃~300 ℃ to ring blank 5 earlier after at its surface spraying lubricant, again this blank heating to more than the titanium alloy transformation temperature 20 ℃~60 ℃, insulation, temperature retention time is calculated by this blank wall thickness 0.5~0.8min/mm.
Step 8: last forging die 6 and anvil tool 7 are heated to following 10 ℃~20 ℃ of titanium alloy transformation temperature, and at its surface spraying lubricant to make things convenient for delivery, can heat by the rotary heating furnace 9 that is installed on the forging press during heating, again the ring blank after step 7 heating 5 is put into forging die, the pressure that applies 30MN~60MN by forging press makes forging die 6 and anvil tool 7 matched moulds and a fire forge into disk forge piece 8 to ring blank 5, and nearly isothermal forging process finishes.Ring blank 5 forges into disk forge piece 8 in forging die 6 and 7 deflection is 30%~50%, and the forging strain rate of ring blank 5 in the forging and pressing process is 0.001s
-1~0.01s
-1
The computational methods of described deflection are: deflection=[(the longitudinal section area of ring blank 5 along the longitudinal section area-disk forge piece 8 of center line along center line)/ring blank 5 is along the longitudinal section area of center line] * 100%.
Step 9: forge back disk forge piece 8 and heat-treat, promptly twice annealing is handled, and wherein annealing is that disk forge piece 8 is heated to 988 ℃ ± 10 ℃ for the first time, disperses air cooling behind the insulation 3h; Annealing is that disk forge piece 8 is heated to 555 ℃ ± 5 ℃ for the second time, disperses air cooling behind the insulation 7h.
In the above-mentioned forging process, initial forging temperature is the heating-up temperature of each step, final forging temperature 〉=750 ℃.
When adopting the BT25 titanium alloy material to forge, its transformation temperature is 1010 ℃ after testing.
The metallographic structure figure (microscopically amplifies 500 times) that Fig. 3 locates along the centre position, longitudinal section that center line is cut open for the ring blank 5 that adopts the BT25 titanium alloy material to obtain by above-mentioned steps 1~step 6, as can be seen from the figure, encircle the evenly tiny bifurcation tissue that is organized as of blank 5, α is isometry and distributes.
The metallographic structure figure (microscopically amplifies 500 times) that Fig. 4 locates along the centre position, longitudinal section that center line is cut open for the disk forge piece 8 that adopts the BT25 titanium alloy material to obtain by above-mentioned steps 1~step 9, it is organized as at the good inside acicular of the braiding of β crystal boundary fragmentation and nets blue tissue mutually, as can be seen from the figure, the length-width ratio of single acicular phase>10, and almost do not have the primary phase.
Adopt the room temperature tensile performance of the above-mentioned disk forge piece 8 of BT25 titanium alloy material manufacturing after testing, its tensile strength is 1050MPa~1060MPa, and elongation after fracture is 8%~9%, and the contraction percentage of area is 16%~23%, and ballistic work is 48.9~52.7J/cm
2, Brinell hardness HB (d)=3.4mm.
Claims (1)
1. the near isothermal forging method of a BT25 two-phase titanium alloy disk forge piece is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
The BT25 titanium alloy rod bar is become once excellent ingot by the specification blanking, heat this rod ingot to below the alloy phase height 30 ℃~75 ℃, by after this rod ingot thickness 0.8~1min/mm insulation, again this rod ingot jumping-up being made its length is to obtain cake one time after original 50%~60%, forges the back water-cooled and handles;
Heat a described cake above 20 ℃~60 ℃ to transformation temperature, press the thick 0.8~1min/mm insulation of cake after, the pulling length of getting back to described once excellent ingot obtains the excellent ingot of secondary again;
Heat described secondary rod ingot to following 30 ℃~75 ℃ of transformation temperature, after this rod ingot thickness 0.8~1min/mm insulation, again this rod ingot jumping-up being made its length is to obtain the secondary cake after original 50%~60%, and this cake is gone out centre bore while hot and obtained encircling blank, forges the back water-cooled and handles;
At its surface spraying lubricant, heat described ring blank to above 20 ℃~60 ℃ of transformation temperature, behind the preheating ring blank to 200 ℃~300 ℃ by this blank wall thickness 0.5~0.8min/mm insulation; Heat upper and lower forging die to transformation temperature following 10 ℃~20 ℃ and at its surface spraying lubricant, described ring blank is put into forging die, upper and lower forging die encircles blank with the pressure forging and pressing of 30MN~60MN makes it with 0.001s
-1~0.01s
-1Strain rate forging die internal strain amount reach 30%~50% the back one fire be configured as disk forge piece;
Heat-treat after the forging, promptly described disk forge piece is heated to 988 ℃ ± 10 ℃, insulation 3h disperses to be heated to 555 ℃ ± 5 ℃ again behind the air cooling, disperses air cooling behind the insulation 7h.
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