CN101829458B - 用于操作微粒过滤器的方法和微粒过滤器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于操作微粒过滤器的方法并且同样涉及微粒过滤器。根据本发明的方法用于操作微粒过滤器,该微粒过滤器具有形成开口过滤系统的至少一个过滤部分(20)和设置在这个过滤部分(20)附近并且包含具有热敏电阻的材料的可加热的微粒收集元件(30),该方法包括如下步骤:加热该微粒收集元件(30);和测量该微粒收集元件(30)的电阻以确定是否再生微粒过滤器(100)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于操作微粒过滤器的方法并且还涉及微粒过滤器。
背景技术
本发明可以以用于容纳炭烟排放物的微粒过滤器,特别是柴油机微粒过滤器(DPF)的形式应用于具有排气后处理设备的直接喷射机动车辆中。
为了估算容纳在微粒过滤器中的微粒的负载或数量,在不能直接测量所容纳的负载的情况下,用于供给的气体的排放模型通常被用作基础。
虽然,在柴油机(排气)微粒过滤器的情况下,一般来说差压传感器(DP传感器)常规上用来估算炭烟负载,它根据该负载状态发生,由于这种相关性通常随着负载的增加而减少,该负载状态在差压和炭烟负载之间不再有任何相关性。因此,在估算灰烟负载的同时,为了通过附加的方法确定炭烟负载或作为辅助估算,一个模型用于包含炭烟微粒的供给的气体,而且主要通过差压传感器估算炭烟负载。然后,为了估算炭烟负载,被估算的炭烟负载速率关于被动/主动炭烟再生来修正并被积分。
但是,利用车辆(车辆上)传感器在排气中或以发动机的输出来测量炭烟速率的可能性受限制,并且尚未达到研制的成熟阶段。此外,这种炭烟速率的测量由于额外地需要传感器导致增加成本。
发明内容
根据前述的背景技术,本发明的目的是提供一种用于操作微粒过滤器的方法,并且还提供一种微粒过滤器,该微粒过滤器的成本比较低,能够迅速开始微粒过滤器的再生,或可靠地检测容纳在该微粒过滤器中的微粒的数量。
通过根据本发明的特征的方法及根据本发明的特征的装置实现这个目的。
根据本发明用于操作微粒过滤器的方法,该微粒过滤器具有形成开口过滤系统的至少一个过滤部分和可加热的微粒收集元件,该可加热的微粒收集元件设置在这个过滤部分附近并且包含具有热敏电阻的材料,该方法包括如下步骤:
加热该微粒收集元件;和
测量该微粒收集元件的电阻以确定是否再生微粒过滤器。
由于加热该微粒收集元件的结果,在形成开口过滤系统的过滤部分的装载之后聚集在微粒收集元件上的炭烟微粒被再生或燃烧。如果,现在在这种情况下,聚集在微粒收集元件上的炭烟的量超过预定的阈值,这可以通过微粒收集元件的电阻减小来确定,因此能够成本低,迅速开始微粒过滤器的再生,或可靠地检测容纳在该微粒过滤器中的微粒的数量。
根据优选实施例,该微粒过滤器除了形成开口过滤系统的过滤部分之外,还有形成封闭过滤系统的另一个过滤部分。
优选地,形成该开口过滤系统的过滤部分设置在该微粒过滤器的边缘区域中。这样的优点是,由于该优选的流动路径在该气流被引导到该微粒过滤器的边缘区域之前首先引导通过该微粒过滤器的中心区域,因此微粒收集元件最后被烟微粒装载。
根据优选实施例,为了有效地聚集微粒,该微粒收集元件具有网格状几何形状。
根据另一方面,本发明涉及用于过滤来自内燃发动机的排气气流的微粒的微粒过滤器,该微粒过滤器具有形成开口过滤系统的至少一个过滤部分和可加热的微粒收集元件,该可加热的微粒收集元件邻近这个过滤部分设置并且包括具有热敏电阻的材料。
其他的实施例可以从说明书和其它实施例推导出。
附图说明
在下文中将根据优选的示例性实施例并参考附图更详细地描述本发明。
图1是根据本发明优选实施例的微粒过滤器的结构的示意图。
具体实施方式
参考图1,根据本发明的微粒过滤器100具有形成封闭过滤系统的第一过滤部分10和形成开口过滤系统的第二过滤部分20,该第二过滤部分20设置在边缘区域中或微粒过滤器100的周边中。
形成开口过滤系统的第二过滤部分20能够容纳炭烟微粒,直到达到负载的阈值。当达到阈值时,发生炭烟微粒的穿透。由于在常规的系统中,为了防止由于过高的再生温度引起对微粒过滤器100的损坏,需要迅速地再生。
靠近形成开口过滤系统的第二过滤部分20设置微粒收集元件30,该微粒收集元件30以网格形状方式实施并且包含在排气气流中的炭烟微粒聚集在其上。当形成开口过滤系统的第二过滤部分20完全装载时,为了引起聚集炭烟微粒的表面的再生,该微粒收集元件30被电加热。微粒收集元件30包含其电阻为热敏的材料。
在每个发动机启动期间或发动机开始运行之前,微粒收集元件30被加热,并且由传感器元件40测量微粒收集元件30的电阻。由于加热微粒收集元件30的结果,在形成开口过滤系统的第二过滤部分20的装载之后,聚集在微粒收集元件30上的炭烟微粒被再生或燃烧。如果在聚集在微粒收集元件30上的炭烟的量超过预定的阈值的情况下,可以确定该微粒收集元件30的电阻减小。
根据本发明,微粒收集元件30的电阻减小的这种迹象被用作形成开口过滤系统的第二过滤部分20用炭烟微粒装载的事件的测量或指示。如果情况是这样,整个微粒过滤器100(即,第一过滤部分10和第二过滤部分20两者)的再生被开始或启动。
由于在该气流被引导到微粒过滤器100的边缘区域或周边之前,优选的流动路径(即,最低流动阻力的路径)首先通过该微粒过滤器100的中心区域,在微粒过滤器100的边缘区域中设置形成开口过滤系统的第二过滤部分20确保微粒收集元件30最后被炭烟微粒装载。在这种情况下,微粒过滤器100优选以这样方式构造,使得在形成开口过滤系统的第二过滤部分20中的流动阻力(在清洁状态下)大于形成封闭过滤系统的第一过滤部分10的阻力。
Claims (11)
1.一种用于操作微粒过滤器的方法,所述微粒过滤器(100)具有形成开口过滤系统的至少一个过滤部分(20),位于所述过滤部分(20)上游的另一个过滤部分(10)和可加热的微粒收集元件(30),所述方法包括:
加热所述微粒收集元件(30),所述可加热的微粒收集元件(30)被设置在所述过滤部分(20)附近并且包含具有热敏电阻的材料;和
用传感器元件(40)测量所述微粒收集元件(30)的电阻以确定是否再生微粒过滤器(100)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于还包括:
基于所述微粒收集元件(30)的测量电阻的变化,使所述微粒过滤器(100)再生。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于:
如果确定所述微粒收集元件(30)的电阻减小,则使所述微粒过滤器(100)再生。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于:
所述微粒过滤器(100)的所述另一个过滤部分(10)形成为封闭过滤系统。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于:
所述形成所述开口过滤系统的过滤部分(20)被设置在所述微粒过滤器(100)的边缘区域中。
6.根据权利要求1或2其中之一所述的方法,其特征在于:
所述微粒收集元件(30)具有网格状几何形状。
7.一种用于过滤来自内燃发动机排气气流的微粒的微粒过滤器,其特征在于包括:
所述微粒过滤器具有形成开口过滤系统的至少一个过滤部分(20),位于所述过滤部分(20)上游的另一个过滤部分(10)和可加热的微粒收集元件(30),所述可加热的微粒收集元件(30)邻近所述过滤部分(20)设置并且包括具有热敏电阻的材料。
8.根据权利要求7所述的微粒过滤器,其特征在于:
所述微粒过滤器的所述另一个过滤部分(10)形成为封闭过滤系统。
9.根据权利要求7或8所述的微粒过滤器,其特征在于:
所述形成开口过滤系统的过滤部分(20)被设置在所述微粒过滤器(100)的边缘区域中。
10.根据权利要求7或8所述的微粒过滤器,其特征在于:
所述微粒收集元件(30)具有网格状几何形状。
11.根据权利要求7或8所述的微粒过滤器,其特征在于:
所述微粒过滤器(100)被构造以使在所述形成开口过滤系统的过滤部分(20)中的流动阻力大于所述形成封闭过滤系统的另一个过滤部分(10)的流动阻力。
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US7491373B2 (en) * | 2006-11-15 | 2009-02-17 | Corning Incorporated | Flow-through honeycomb substrate and exhaust after treatment system and method |
US7594940B2 (en) * | 2007-06-08 | 2009-09-29 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Electrically heated particulate filter diagnostic systems and methods |
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2009
- 2009-03-13 DE DE102009001538A patent/DE102009001538B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2010
- 2010-03-12 CN CN201010132321.9A patent/CN101829458B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-03-12 US US12/723,068 patent/US8685140B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
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US6107603A (en) * | 1997-03-07 | 2000-08-22 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Device intended to detect fouling and to locally heat an electrical insulating medium |
CN1238235A (zh) * | 1999-05-09 | 1999-12-15 | 张子升 | 真空控温喷水减污排气管 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN101829458A (zh) | 2010-09-15 |
US20100229718A1 (en) | 2010-09-16 |
DE102009001538A1 (de) | 2010-10-07 |
DE102009001538B4 (de) | 2013-07-04 |
US8685140B2 (en) | 2014-04-01 |
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