CN101827995B

CN101827995B - System and method for controlling a drilling system for drilling a borehole in an earth formation

Info

Publication number: CN101827995B
Application number: CN200880111782.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 阿什利·约翰逊; 沃特·阿尔德雷德; 杰弗里·唐顿; 赖得·布阿勒格; 科扎尔·豪格沃尔德斯泰德; 迈克尔·谢帕德
Original assignee: Prad Research and Development Ltd
Current assignee: Prad Research and Development Ltd
Priority date: 2007-08-15
Filing date: 2008-08-12
Publication date: 2014-02-26
Anticipated expiration: 2028-08-12
Also published as: EP2176494A1; CN101827994A; EA201070265A1; EA018829B1; EA201070263A1; MX337972B; MX2010001816A; CA2694977A1; WO2009022128A1; EA201070267A1; EP2188483A1; CN101778992A; AU2008288343A1; CA2694858A1; MX340647B; CA2694858C; EA201070264A1; EA018610B1; CN103299020A; CN101827995A

Abstract

A method for using dynamic motion of a drilling system in a borehole being drilled or cored in an earth formation by the drilling system, the drilling system comprising a drill bit and a drill-string, to control the drilling system, comprising: controlling dynamic interactions between a section of the drilling system and an inner surface of said borehole; and using the controlled dynamic interactions between the section of the drilling system and the inner surface of said borehole to control the drilling system and using a drill collar or gauge pad non-concentrically coupled with the drilling system to dynamically interact with the inner surface.

Description

For being controlled at the system and method for the well system of earth formation drilling well eye use

Technical field

The disclosure relates in general to a kind of for being controlled at the method and system of the well system of earth formation drilling well eye use.More specifically, but not in restrictive mode, in one embodiment of the invention, thus provide a kind of for the interaction between the inner surface of the well controlling the well system of drilling well eye use and crept into by described well system well system is led by the system and method for the logical earth formation of well Directional Drilling.In aspect more of the present invention, well system can be controlled so that well arrives target area target.

In another embodiment of the present invention, can sensing about the well system drilling well data of the function of described well system at the moment, and can be used for the interaction between the well system of drilling well eye and the inner surface of well in response to the Data Control of institute's sensing, for controlling the operation of well system.In certain aspects, can control interaction between well system and inner surface for controlling the interaction of drill bit and earth formation.

Background technology

In many industries, conventionally expectation is by coring in earth formation directional drilling a bite well or the well in subsurface formations, so that well and/or core can be surrounded and/or by deposit and/or reservoir in stratum, to arrive the predeterminated target in stratum and/or similar stratum.When drilling well in subsurface formations or while coring, expectation sometimes can change and control drilling direction, for example to guide well towards the target center of expectation, once or arrived target center, level is controlled at the direction in the region of containing oil gas.Also expectation is can proofread and correct departing from the hole deviation of desired orientation when drilling straight-hole, or the direction of control well is to avoid obstruction.

For example, in gas industries, can carry out drilling well with the concrete subsurface formations of intercepting particular locations.In some drilling process, in order to bore the well of expectation, can design in advance the wellbore trace by earth formation, and can control well system with consistent with track.In other process, or in the combination with aforementioned process, during drilling process, can be identified for the target of well and can monitor the process of just creeping into well in earth formation, and can adopt for guaranteeing that well arrives the step of target area target.In addition, can control the operation of well system so that economic drilling well to be provided, described economic drilling well can comprise creeps into drill through as early as possible earth formation, creeps into reduce bit wear, creeps into obtain best drilling well and optimal drill bit wearing and tearing and/or the similar results by earth formation.

An aspect of drilling well is known as " directed drilling ".Directed drilling is to have a mind to make well to depart from the path that described well itself is passed through.In other words, directed drilling is that drill string is led, and described drill string is moved along the direction of expectation.

Because directed drilling can bore many mouthfuls of wells from single platform, so the advantage of directed drilling is offshore drilling.Directed drilling can also carry out horizontal drilling by reservoir.Horizontal drilling can make the pit shaft of more growing through reservoir, and this has increased the productivity ratio of well.

Directional drilling system equally also can be in vertical drilling operation.Conventionally, drill bit is because the variation power that uncertain characteristic or the drill bit on the stratum being through is subject to is left the wellbore trace designing.When this hole deviation occurs, directional drilling system can be for putting back to drill bit on the track of regulation.

The observation process that is used for the directional drilling of well can comprise determines the position of drill bit in earth formation, determine the orientation of drill bit in earth formation, determine the pressure of the drill of well system, determine by the bit speed of earth formation, determine the characteristic of the earth formation being crept into, determine the characteristic on the stratum that surrounds drill bit, the characteristic on the stratum before drill bit is determined in expectation, earth formation is carried out to earthquake analysis, the characteristic of the reservoir of definite contiguous drill bit etc., the pressure on measuring well intraocular and/or well or similar item stratum around, temperature and/or similar parameters.In arbitrary process of the directional drilling for well, no matter whether after the track of design in advance, whether monitor drilling process and/or drilling condition and/or similar operations, must be able to lead to well system.

In the power on drill bit of acting on during drill-well operation, comprise gravity, the moment of torsion being produced by drill bit, be applied to the end load of drill bit and from the moment of flexure of drill string assembly.These power and the stratigraphic type being crept into and stratum with respect to producing complicated interactional power together with the inclination angle of well during drilling process are.

Well system can comprise " rotary drilling " system, and in described rotary drilling system, the Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) that comprises drill bit is connected to drill string that can/rotation driven from offshore boring island.In rotary drilling system, can provide by changing factors such as the pressure of the drill, rotary speed the directed drilling of well.

With respect to rotary drilling, the known method of directed drilling comprises the rotary drilling system (RSS) of using.In RSS, drill string rotates from ground, and downhole hardware makes drill bit creep into along the direction of expectation.Rotary drill column has greatly reduced the generation of the unsettled or bit freezing of drill string during drilling well.

The rotary steerable drilling system that is used for inclined shaft to creep in the earth can rough classification be " towards drill bit " system or " propelling drill bit " system.In bit system, the rotation of drill bit departs from the local axis of Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) (" BHA ") along the roughly direction of new well.According to the routine three point geometry size expansion wells that limited by upper and lower stabilizer contact point and drill bit.The angle of deviation of the drill axis being associated with limited distance between drill bit and lower stabilizer produces the required non-colinear condition of bending that will generate.There are many methods can realize this, are included in Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) the deflection near the stationary curved at the some place of lower stabilizer or the bit drive shaft that distributes between upper stabilizer and lower stabilizer.

Towards drill bit, can comprise and use down-hole motor rotary drilling-head, and motor and drill bit are arranged on the drill string that comprises the angled elbow of tool.In this system, drill bit can be connected to motor by mounted model or leaning device/joint, bent sub or similar means, and wherein, drill bit can tilt with respect to motor.When needs change drilling direction, can make drill string stop the rotation, and drill bit can be positioned at down-hole along the direction of expectation, thereby use down-hole motor, and the rotation of drill bit can make the beginning of creeping into along the direction of expectation.In this layout, drilling direction depends on the angular displacement of drill string.

In the ideal form of drill bit, in bit system, because drill axis is along the direction continuous rotation of crooked hole, therefore, drill bit does not need to carry out side direction drilling.U.S. Patent application publication No.2002/0011359; 2001/0052428 and U.S. Patent No. 6,394,193; 6,364,034; 6,244,361; 6,158,529; 6,092,610; With 5,113, illustrated in 953 towards the example of drill bit type rotary steering system and describedly towards drill bit type rotary steering system, how to have operated, all these applications are incorporated at this by reference.

Advance bit system and method that power is applied on the borehole wall with crooked drill string and/or forces drill bit creeping in preferred direction.In advancing bit guidance system, by making mechanism apply power or produce displacement on by the direction of preferred orientation in the direction with respect to well expansion, realize required non-colinear condition.There are many methods can realize this, comprise based on not rotating the method for (with respect to well) displacement and power being applied to the eccentric actuator of drill bit along the guide direction of expecting.In addition, by produce non-colinear between drill bit and at least two other contact points, realize guiding.In the ideal form of drill bit, drill bit need to carry out side direction drilling to generate crooked hole.U.S. Patent No. 5,265,682; 5,553,678; 5,803,185; 6,089,332; 5,695,015; 5,685,379; 5,706,905; 5,553,679; 5,673,763; 5,520,255; 5,603,385; 5,582,259; 5,778,992; In 5,971,085, illustrated and advanced example and the described propelling drill bit type rotary steering system of drill bit type rotary steering system how to operate, these applications are incorporated at this by reference.

The known forms of RSS is provided with " reverse rotation " mechanism rotating up in the side contrary with drill string rotating.Conventionally, counter-rotate under the speed identical with drill string rotating and occur, make reverse rotation part keep identical position, angle with respect to the inside of well.Because reverse rotation part is not rotated with respect to well, therefore conventionally by those skilled in the art, be referred to as " static over the ground ".In this is open, as broad as long between term " reverse rotation " and " static over the ground ".

Advance bit system conventionally in inside or the outside of reverse rotation stabilizer, to use.Reverse rotation stabilizer keeps fixed angle (or static over the ground) with respect to the borehole wall.In the time will making well deflection, actuator is pressed against thrust block pad (pad: or for stretchable sheet) the borehole wall in the opposite direction from the hole deviation of expectation.The result producing is that drill bit is pushed in the direction of expectation.

The power can balance being generated by actuator/thrust block pad by the power for curved bottom drilling assembly, and described power is the opposite side in Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) by the reaction of actuator/thrust block pad, and reaction force acts is on the gear wheel of drill bit, thereby well is led.In some cases, can be enough greatly to denude the stratum of application system from the power of thrust block pad/actuator.

For example, Schlurnberger Powerdrive system drilling rod uses three thrust block pads, described three thrust block pads arrange synchronously to be disposed from Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) around the cross section of Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA), thereby promote drill bit and to just leading in the drilled well of entering along a direction.In described system, close installation in the scope of thrust block pad 1-4ft after drill bit, and to described thrust block pad, power or activate described thrust block pad by the slurry flows of getting from circulation of fluid.In other systems, the pressure of the drill being provided by well system or wedge or similar item can be for being oriented in well system in well.

Although for power being applied on the borehole wall and using reaction force to promote drill bit or drill bit is moved with the system and method for the direction drilling well along expectation to use together with comprising the well system of rotary drilling system along a direction, described system and method may have defect.For example, this system and method may need larger power to be applied on the borehole wall and to be oriented in well with crooked drill string or by drill bit; This power may be approximately 5kN or larger, and 5kN or larger power may need large/complicated down-hole motor or similar item to generate.In addition, many system and methods can be reused thrust block pad/actuator when Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) is rotated and outwards be pushed into thrust in the borehole wall to produce the reaction force that promotes drill bit, and this may need the synchro system of complexity/costliness/high maintenance, complicated control system and/or similar system.

Summary of the invention

The disclosure relates in general to and a kind ofly for controlling, is configured for creeping into well or the method and system of well system that described well is cored by subsurface formations.More specifically, but not in restrictive mode, embodiments of the invention are used for using between DRILLING NOISE ON (that is, the unsteady motion in well at well system during drilling process) and well system and the inner surface of well interaction that the unsteady motion by well system produces to control well system and/or drilling process.

Therefore, embodiments of the invention are for being controlled at the interaction of the repetition between well system and the inner surface of well during drilling process, and use repeating interactional control with the operation/function of control well system between well system and inner surface.In certain embodiments, can control repeating between the part of well system or a plurality of part and the inner surface of well and interact, for well system is led, thus Directional Drilling well.In other embodiments, can control repeating between the part of well system or a plurality of part and the inner surface of well and interact, for controlling the operation of well system, for example, control the operation of drill bit during drilling process.

Therefore, in one embodiment of the invention, provide a kind of for to being configured for the method for the well system of drilling well eye in earth formation, said method comprising the steps of:

Control the dynamic interaction between a part for well system and the inner surface of described well; And

Between a described part for use well system and the inner surface of well, controlled dynamic interaction is to control well system.

In certain aspects, the step of the dynamic interaction between a part for described control well system and the inner surface of described well comprises: it is heterogeneous making a described part for well system and the described dynamic interaction between inner surface.In addition, the step of the dynamic interaction between a part for described control well system and the inner surface of described well can comprise: a described part for well system and the dynamic interaction between inner surface are along the circumferential direction changed around a described part for well system.

In rotary drilling system, well system for controlling a described part for dynamic interaction, can in the operating period of well system, in well, keep static over the ground.In certain embodiments, can control dynamic interaction for well system is led.In other embodiments, can control dynamic interaction for controlling drill bit.

In some embodiments of the invention, the dynamic interaction of controlling between at least a portion of well system and the inner surface of described well can comprise the following steps: be connected contact element and well system, and use contact element to control dynamic interaction.In rotary drilling system, in the operating period of well system, can keep in touch element static over the ground in well.

In aspect more of the present invention, contact element is configured to produce non-homogeneous dynamic interaction with inner surface.In these areas, the shape of contact element can be asymmetrical, can be configured with non-homogeneous flexibility, can comprise and the eccentric cylinder being connected of Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA), can comprise element and/or the like with non-homogeneous distribution of weight.

In certain aspects, contact element can comprise extended element, and described extended element can stretch out and/or stretch out to contact with described inner surface from described well system towards inner surface from well system.Extended element can be for being applied to power inner surface to control dynamic interaction.The power that is applied to inner surface can be less than 1kN.

In certain aspects, contact element can be connected with well system so that contact element is arranged in the drilling profile of drill bit.In other side, contact element can be connected with well system so that at least a portion of contact element is arranged on outside the cutting profile of drill bit.

In aspect more of the present invention, driver can be for changing/control the dynamic interaction of well system during drilling process.In aspect more of the present invention, processor can be for handling for controlling the system of the dynamic interaction between well system and inner surface.Handle for controlling the system of the dynamic interaction between well system and inner surface and can comprise the following steps: described system is positioned on well system and/or described system is moved on well system.In certain aspects, manipulation processor can from sensor receive about the data of parts of the data of drilling process, the operation of well system and/or well system, the data of the data of the position of the data of the position of the parts of the position of well system and/or well system, the target of well in earth formation, condition in well, at the just data of the characteristic of the dynamic motion of the different piece of the data of the characteristic of a plurality of parts of earth formation and/or earth formation, well system and/or well system and/or class likelihood data drilling process.

In aspect more of the present invention, can provide the control to the dynamic interaction between well system and the inner surface of the well of being crept into by changing by the profile of the inwall of the well of drilling well.In certain aspects, can control such as asymmetric drill bit, secondary drill bit, from well system, extend to inwall the device of extended element, electric pulse drill bit, injection apparatus and/or similar device so that inwall has non-homogeneous profile, thereby for controlling the dynamic interaction between well system and inwall.

In an embodiment of the present invention, can control in real time the system and method for the dynamic interaction between the inner surface of the well for controlling well system and being crept into, so that the real-time control to well system to be provided.Can be by theoretical, experiment, by the simulation of dynamic interaction, the structure of determining dynamic interaction controller from experience and/or the similar approach of previous drilling process.In certain aspects, dynamic interaction controller can comprise and is positioned such that the contact element that is less than 10 feet apart from drill bit, can comprise the contact element that is less than the external surface of several millimeters in profile that creeps into being provided with at drill bit, can comprise that the profile that creeps into being provided with at drill bit extends the contact element of the external surface of millimeter magnitude outward at least in part.

Accompanying drawing explanation

In the accompanying drawings, similarly parts and/or feature can have identical Reference numeral.In addition, the various parts of same type can be distinguished by the dash line after Reference numeral and the second mark of distinguishing in like.As long as use the first Reference numeral in manual, no matter the second Reference numeral, any in the like that is applicable to have the first identical Reference numeral is described.

Referring to accompanying drawing, according to following non-limitative illustration and exemplary embodiment, understand better the present invention, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram for the system of drilling well eye;

Fig. 2 A be according to an embodiment of the invention, for the schematic diagram of system that the well system of drilling well eye use is led;

Fig. 2 B be according to an embodiment of the invention, the cross-sectional view that intercepts by the flexiblesystem using in the system for the well system of drilling well eye use is led of Fig. 2 A;

Fig. 3 A-3C be according to an embodiment of the invention, for the schematic diagram of cam control system that well system is led;

Fig. 4 A-4C be according to an embodiment of the invention, for to being configured for the schematic diagram of the active gauge stretchable sheet (active gauge pad) that the well system of drilling well eye leads;

Fig. 5 provides according to an embodiment of the invention, for the schematic diagram of vibration application system that the well system of directed drilling is led;

Thereby Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B show according to an embodiment of the invention, for the inner surface that optionally characterizes well to the lead system of directed drilling of drilling assembly;

Fig. 7 A be according to an embodiment of the invention, for well system being led with the indicative flowchart of the method for directed drilling; And

Fig. 7 B be according to an embodiment of the invention, for being controlled at the indicative flowchart of the method for the well system that earth formation drilling well uses.

The specific embodiment

Explanation subsequently only provides exemplary embodiment, and object is not restriction protection domain of the present disclosure, applicability or structure.On the contrary, illustrating subsequently of exemplary embodiment will be provided for implementing the explanation of one or more exemplary embodiments for those skilled in the art.In the situation that the spirit and the protection domain that do not deviate from as described in the appended claims can be made various changes to the function of the element of manual and layout.

Below in explanation, provided detail so that fully understanding embodiment to be provided.Yet, should be understood that and can in the situation that there is no these details, implement described embodiment.For example, system, structure and other parts can be shown as the parts of the form of block diagram, thereby can with unnecessary details, not make embodiment unclear.In other cases, simply mode illustrates known process, technology and other method, in order to avoid make embodiment unclear.

In addition, be noted that single embodiment can be described as the process of flow chart, flowchart illustrations, structure chart or block diagram.Although flow chart can illustrate the operation as continuous process, can walk abreast or carry out a plurality of operations simultaneously.In addition can rearrange, the order of operation.In addition, can not there is not in certain embodiments any or a plurality of operation.When the operation of process completes, finish described process, but can there is the other step not comprising in the accompanying drawings.Process can be corresponding with method, program etc.

The disclosure relates in general to a kind of for being controlled at the method and system of the well system that earth formation drilling well uses.More specifically, rather than in restrictive mode, the interaction that embodiments of the invention produce for the unstable transient motion by well system of using between the noise of not being familiar with and not having so far studied drilling process (at well system during drilling process in well unstable/transient motion) and well system and well, to control well system and/or drilling process.

In one embodiment of the invention, described system and method for control between the inner surface of the well system that drilling well uses and the well of being crept into, due to the interaction of the unstable transient motion generation of well system during drilling process, for well system is led, thereby by the logical earth formation of well Directional Drilling.In aspect more of the present invention, can control well system and make well arrive target area target or drill through described target area target.In another embodiment of the present invention, can sensing about the data of the function of well system, and ought be just in drilling well at the moment, can control the well system of drilling well eye use and the interaction between the inner surface of well (in response to the data of institute's sensing, interaction between drill bit and earth formation etc.), to control well system.

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram for the system of drilling well eye.As shown in the figure, drill string 10 can comprise connector system 12 and Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17, and drill string 10 can be arranged in well 27.Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 can comprise drill bit 20 and various other parts (not shown), for example, bit sub, MTR, stabilizer, drill collar, stem, jarring device (" bumper jar "), for conversion joint and/or the like of various screw thread forms.Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 can provide power with fractured rock for drill bit 20, and wherein said power can provide by the pressure of the drill or similar item-and the Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 severe mechanical environment that can be configured to bear high temperature, high pressure and/or corrosive chemicals.Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 can comprise MTR, directed drilling and measureing equipment, steering tool, logging while drilling apparatus and/or other special purpose device.

What drill collar can comprise drill string can provide for drilling well the parts of the pressure of the drill.Therefore, drill collar can comprise the heavy tubular part of heavy wall, and the heavy tubular part of described heavy wall can have hollow centre to provide drilling fluid by the passage of drill collar.The external diameter of drill collar can be for circle be with the well 27 by being crept into, and in some cases, the external diameter of described drill collar can processedly have helicla flute (" grooved drill collar ").Drill collar can comprise that one end is male thread and threaded connector that another end is box thread can be screwed to together a plurality of drill collars, to form Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 together with other downhole tool.

Action of Gravity Field is upper so that large downward force to be provided at large quality drill collar (one or more), and drill bit 20 can need described downward force with fractured rock effectively and drill through earth formation.In order accurately to control the size of the power that is applied to drill bit 20, when drill bit 20 has just left the bottom surface 41 of well 27, can monitor carefully the ground weight of measurement.Next, can be slowly and transfer carefully drill string (and drill bit), until described drill string (and drill bit) touches bottom surface 41.After described point, when rig continues to transfer the top of drill string, increasing weight is applied to drill bit 20, and correspondingly when the suspension of place, ground, can measure less weight.If ground survey value shows 20,000 pounds [9080kg] (20,000 pounds of weight while leaving bottom surface 41 than drill bit 41 are little), on drill bit 20, (in peupendicular hole) should have the power of 20,000 pounds.Downhole sensor can be for more accurately measuring the pressure of the drill, and data are sent to ground.

Drill bit 20 can comprise one or more gear wheels 23.In operation, drill bit 20 can be for smashing and/or the rock at 41 places, drilling bottom surface, so that well 27 is drilled through to earth formation 30.Drill bit 20 can be arranged on the bottom of connector system 12, and when drill bit 20 rusts or become can not be further during by earth formation 30, more bit change 20.Can construct in a different manner drill bit 20 with gear wheel 23 the interaction different from earth formation to be provided and to generate different drilling modes.

Traditional drill bit 20 is worked by boring the well slightly larger than the maximum outside diameter of drill bit 20, and the diameter/size of well 27 is produced by the interaction of the sphere of action of the gear wheel of drill bit 20 and gear wheel and the rock that crept into.This can be by rotary drilling-head 20 by creeping into of 20 pairs of wells 27 of drill bit drilling effect and the combination of the pressure of the drill of producing due to large quality drill string realize.Conventionally, well system can comprise gauge stretchable sheet (one or more), and described gauge stretchable sheet can extend outwardly into the size of well 27.Gauge stretchable sheet can comprise the stretchable sheet that is arranged in Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 or in the end of some gear wheels of drill bit 20 and/or similar stretchable sheet in the localities.Gauge stretchable sheet can be for being stabilized in drill bit 20 in well 27.

Connector system 12 can comprise pipe (one or more)-such as drilling rod, sleeve pipe or similar pipe-flexible pipe and/or similar pipe.The pipe of connector system 12, flexible pipe or similar pipe can be for connecting ground installation 33 and Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 and drill bit 20.Pipe, flexible pipe or similar pipe can be for drilling fluid pump being delivered to drill bit 20, and promote, transfer and/or rotate Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 and/or drill bit 20.

In some systems, ground installation 33 can comprise that top-drive device, rotating disk maybe can pass to by rotatablely moving the similar device (not shown) of drill bit 20 by pipe, flexible pipe or similar pipe.In some systems, top-drive device can be comprised of one or more motors (electronic, hydraulic pressure and/or similar motor), and described motor can be connected to by suitable gear a bit of pipe that is called auger spindle.Auger spindle may be screwed to again protection joint or drill string itself.Top-drive device can hang from hook, makes described top-drive device can freely move up and down derrick.Pipe, flexible pipe or similar pipe can be connected to top-drive device, rotating disk or similar device, rotatablely moving, along well 27, pass to drill bit 20.

In some well systems, drill motor (not shown) can arrange along well 27.Drill motor can comprise electro-motor, hydraulic motor and/or similar motor.Hydraulic motor can or be pumped into other fluid in well 27 and/or that circulate along drill string by drilling fluid and drive.Drill motor can be for providing power/rotate described drill bit to drill bit 20 on bottom surface 41.Can be for carry out drilling well eye 27 by rotary drilling-head 20 in the situation that not needing rotary connector system 12 by drill motor, it is fixing that described connector system can keep during drilling process.

Drill bit 20 in well 27 no matter be by rotary drill rod or drill motor, produce rotatablely move can for smash and/or the rock at 41 places, scraping bottom surface to bore one section of new well 27 in earth formation 30.Drilling fluid can be pumped along well 27 by connector system 12 or similar system, energy is offered to drill bit 20, thus rotary drilling-head 20 or similar device, for creeping into well 27, from bottom surface, 41 remove drilling cuttings and/or carry out similar action.

In some well systems, can use jarring drill bit with the vertical rock of thumping of the mode almost identical with job site pneumatic hammer.In other well system, down-hole motor can be for work bit 20 or the drill bit being associated, or except the energy being provided by top-drive device, rotating disk, drilling fluid and/or similar device, down-hole motor can offer energy drill bit 20.In addition, fluid ejector, electric pulse and/or similar device can also carry out drilling well eye 27 for drilling well eye 27 or with drill bit 17 combinations.

In some drilling process, the bend pipe (not shown) or the inclination/hinge type mechanism that are known as bent sub can be arranged between drill bit 20 and drill motor.Bent sub or similar device can be positioned at well so that the surface of drill bit contact bottom surface 41 makes for the direction along concrete, angle, track and/or similar parameters drilling well eye 27.In the situation that need to not removing connector system 12 and/or Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 from well 27, can regulate the position of bent sub in well.Yet, because the power in well during drilling process may make bent sub be difficult to handle and/or be difficult to effectively, for well system is led, therefore to utilize bent sub or similar device to carry out directed drilling and may become complicated.

During drill-well operation, the power on drill bit 20 of can acting on can comprise gravity, the moment of torsion being produced by drill bit 20, is applied to the end load of drill bit 20, from the moment of flexure and/or the similar power that comprise the well system of connector system 12.These power can produce complicated active force and the system with interaction of reaction force with drill bit 20 with the stratigraphic type being crept into together with the surperficial inclination angle of the bottom surface 41 of well 27.Various systems have been considered to for carrying out in the following manner directed drilling: control/apply these larger power with crooked/be shaped/guiding/promote well system and/or use these larger power and/or from being outwards advanced to the interior generation reaction force of earth formation 30, thereby well system carried out in well to orientation and/or with respect to the bottom of well 27, described well system carried out orientation and/or promotes drill bit 20 so that well system is led, thereby Directional Drilling well 27.

For example, yet using the power (, end load) of drilling process may be complicated with the system that well system is led, and the accurate guiding to well system may not be provided.In addition, by move in well/directional drilling system and/or push away system that drill bit 20 leads to well system and may generate in down-hole and surpass the larger power of 1kN and/or need to make the sizable distance of drilling scope that element extends beyond drill bit from drill string (, profile considerably beyond drill bit, wherein said profile can be limited by the outer drilling edge of drill bit 20), to generate the reaction force that is used for movement/directional drilling system and/or pushes away drill bit 20.When well system rotates, in order to push away in well or mobile well system, may also need synchronously by actuator, thrust to be applied on the wall of well 27.This power generate, surpass drill bit 20 drilling profile large extension and/or thrust synchronously may need larger and/or expensive motor and/or to the operation of complex synchronization system and control, and may be cost complicated and/or that increase well borer and drilling process.

When utilizing traditional well system drilling straight-hole, in the situation that not applying lateral force or similar power, applicant has determined drill bit 20 in well 27 " vibration " substantially, and described vibration comprises that drill bit 20 repeating movement in the direction except drilling direction.Term vibration/vibration is here for the repeating motion of well system during drilling process is described, described repeating motion can the direction except drilling direction in well on, and can be in fact random.

These vibration/vibrations of well system may be limited to be impacted and the surperficial gear wheel of extended reach well and the gauge stretchable sheet of the wall of shock well 27 or the effect of similar device.What find in test, is to comprise drill bit and the diameter that there is no the diameter of the well that the well system of gauge stretchable sheet produces to be obviously greater than to comprise the well that the equivalent well system of drill bit and gauge stretchable sheet produces.Analysis is from the result of these tests, what can determine is the operating period at well system, Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 repeats to be subject to comprising the motion of the central axis (that is, at the inwall 40 towards well 27 in the radial direction) away from Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 and/or drill bit 20 during drilling process.The analysis of various drill-well operations is obtained to this radial motion of gauge stretchable sheet restriction Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 and/or drill bit 20, thereby produce, there is the well compared with small bore.The gauge stretchable sheet of traditional well system is deployed to minimize/eliminate the oscillating movement of well system, thereby less/rule boring is provided.

From to the experiment of well system and analysis, applicant finds to creep into earth formation 30 when interior when drill bit 20, gear wheel 23 may not with the mutual effect of earth formation homogeneous phase, for example, may produce landwaste by earth formation 30, therefore, may in Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 and/or drill bit 20, produce unsteady motion (described unsteady motion be except Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 and/or drill bit 20 longitudinally/motion of going up in a certain direction travelling forward).In addition, applicant by analysis the operation of well system, and find except the operating period at well system unstable/transient motion, by connector system 12 and drill bit 20, power is applied to the earth formation 30 at the place, bottom of well 27, operation/the rotation of drill bit 20, drill bit 20 and interaction (wherein, the drill bit 20 possibility slippages of earth formation at the place, bottom of well 27, stall, leave drilling well axis and/or produce similar action), rotatablely moving of connector system 12, the operation of top-drive device, the operation of turntable, the operation of down-hole motor, operation such as the drilling well auxiliary equipment of fluid ejector or electronic pulse system, the boring of well 20 (described boring can be irregular) and/or similar action can produce motion in Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 and/or drill bit 20, and this motion can be repeating motion, random motion, transient motion, wherein, the component of at least described motion, along the orientation of its axis of Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 and/or drill bit 20, does not radially outward point to from longitudinal axis in the center of Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 and/or drill bit 20 on the contrary.Therefore, during drill-well operation, the power of Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 can comprise along the lengthwise movement 37 of drilling direction and transition radial motion 36A and 36B, wherein, transition radial motion 36A and 36B can comprise that Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 is away from the arbitrary motion of the central axis 39 of the well 27 of being crept into and/or the sensing of the central axis of Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 and/or drill bit 20.

In a word, it has been determined that in fact the radial motion of Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 during drilling process can be random, transition.Therefore, Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 whole drilling process may be subject to repetition at random radially/unsteady motion.In order to carry out this explanation, Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 can be called as the dynamic motion of Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 and/or drill string, radial motion, unsteady motion, radially dynamic motion, radially unsteady motion, dynamic or unsteady motion, repeat radial motion, repetition dynamic motion, repetition unsteady motion, vibration, oscillating mode motion and/or similar motion in the repeat radial/unsteady motion in well 27 during drilling process.

Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 during the creeping into of well 27 dynamically and/or unsteady motion can produce/cause Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 and in whole drilling process, repeat to contact with the inner surface of well 27 and/or impact described inner surface.The inner surface of well 27 comprises inwall 40 and the bottom surface 41 of well 27,, limits the whole surface of the earth formation 30 of well 27 that is.As discussed previously, Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 dynamically and/or unsteady motion can be in fact random, therefore, can during drilling process, between Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 and inner surface, produce/cause random and periodical/repeat to contact and/or impact.

By Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 during drilling process dynamically and/or between the drill string 10 that produces of unsteady motion and inner surface intermittence/repeat to contact and/or impact one or more part/parts that may occur in drill string 10 and inner surface.For example, described part/parts can be parts for the close drill bit 20 of drill string 10, Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17, and the parts of Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 are (for example, drill collar, gauge stretchable sheet, stabilizer, motor), a part for connector system 12 and/or similar portions/parts.In order to describe, between drill string 10 and inner surface by Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 dynamically and/or the interaction of instability generation/cause can be called as dynamic interaction, unstable phase mutual effect, radial motion interaction, vibration interaction and/or similar interaction.

Fig. 2 A be according to an embodiment of the invention, for the schematic diagram of system that the well system of drilling well eye use is led.In Fig. 2 A, the well system of drilling well eye use can comprise Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17, and described Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) can comprise drill bit 20 again.Well system can be for creeping into the well 50 that has inwall 53 and creep into face 54.

During drilling process, drill bit 20 can contact the face of creeping into 54 and smash/move the rock that creeps into table 54 place.In an embodiment of the present invention, drill collar assembly 55 can be connected with Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 by flexible member 57.Drill collar assembly 55 can be pipe, cylinder, framework or similar assembly.Drill collar assembly 55 can have external surface 55A.

Drill collar assembly 55 comprises in the aspect of pipe, cylinder and/or similar assembly therein, and external surface 55A can comprise the external surface of pipe/cylinder and/or any stretchable sheet, jut and/or the like being connected with the external surface of pipe/cylinder.The external surface of drill collar assembly 55 can have coarse part, coating, the jut for increasing the CONTACT WITH FRICTION between the external surface of drill collar assembly 55 and inwall 53.Drill collar assembly 55 can comprise the stretchable sheet that is configured for contacting inwall 53.

In certain aspects, drill collar assembly 55 can comprise gauge stretchable sheet system.Drill collar assembly 55 for example can comprise, in the aspect of a series of elements (, stretchable sheet or like) therein, and the external surface of each that external surface 55A can be in the element (stretchable sheet) of drill collar assembly 55 limits.In an embodiment of the present invention, drill collar assembly 55 can be constructed and form together with Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 so that during drilling process external surface 55A and inwall 53 and/or creep into face 54 because the dynamic motion of Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 engages, contacts, interacts and/or carries out similar action.Structure/profile/flexibility of external surface 55A and/or external surface 55A can be for controlling external surface 55A and inwall 53 and/or creeping into the dynamic interaction between face 54 with respect to the layout of the drilling profile of drill bit 20.

Flexible member 57 can comprise that it is the movement of pointing to towards the central axis 61 of Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 at least in part that the structure of drill collar assembly 55 with respect to the lateral movement of drill bit 20, wherein said lateral movement are provided.In certain aspects, it is flexible that drill collar assembly 55 can be formed on lateral itself, and in the situation that not needing to use flexible member 57, can be connected to Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 and/or can be a part for Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17.

In one embodiment of the invention, the flexibility of flexible member 57 can be along the circumferential direction heterogeneous.In such an embodiment, the flexibility of one or more parts that the circumference around flexible member 57 of flexible member 57 arranges on lateral can be larger than the flexibility of the other parts of flexible member 57.

As previously observed, during drilling process, one or more parts of Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 or Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 may be subject to inwall 53 and/or creep into the dynamic interaction of face 54.In an embodiment of the present invention, drill collar assembly 55 can be configured so that dynamic motion in Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) during drilling process 17 at drill collar assembly 55 and inwall 53 and/or creep between face 54 to produce dynamic interaction.In different aspect of the present invention, drill collar assembly 55 can provide drill collar assembly 55 and inwall 53 and/or creep into dynamic interactions different between face 54 from relative excircle between Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 and/or drill bit 20 is poor.For concrete drilling process, simulation, theory analysis, experiment and/or similar research can be for selecting drill collar assembly 55 poor with the relative excircle between Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 and/or drill bit 20, with produce want/dynamic interaction expected.

In the embodiment along the circumferential direction changing around flexible member 57 in wherein lateral flexibility of the present invention, drill collar assembly 55 and inwall 53 and/or the dynamic interaction creeping between face 54 can be along the circumferential direction inhomogeneous around drill collar assembly 55.Only in the mode of example, flexible member 57 can comprise and reduces flexibility district 59B and increase flexibility district 59A.In certain aspects, with the part that reduces lateral flexibility having of flexible member 57 (, reduce flexibility district 59B) top at drill collar assembly 55 and inwall 53 and/or the dynamic interaction that creeps between face 54, compare, part (that is, the increasing flexibility district 59A) top that increases lateral flexibility having of flexible member 57 is at drill collar assembly 55 and inwall 53 and/or creep into dynamic interaction between face 54 and can be weakened.

In some embodiments of the invention, drill collar assembly 55 can be configured so that drill collar assembly 55 is connected with Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA), so that in the whole drilling profile 21 that is arranged on drill bit 20 of drill collar assembly 55, and drilling profile 21 comprises the drilling profile while arriving of drill bit 20.In other embodiments of the invention, a part of a part for drill collar assembly 55, drill collar assembly 55, external surface 55A and/or external surface 55A can extend beyond drilling profile 21.Only, in the mode of example, drill collar assembly 55 can be connected with Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17, so that external surface 55A is tens millimeters of the interior about 1-of drilling profile 21.In other side, and again only in the mode of example, drill collar assembly 55 can be connected with Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17, so that at least a portion of external surface 55A reaches the scope of tens millimeters or in larger scope extending beyond drilling profile 21.

Fig. 2 B be according to an embodiment of the invention, the cross-sectional view that intercepts by the flexiblesystem using in the system for the well system of drilling well eye use is led of Fig. 2 A.Flexible member shown in cross section in Fig. 2 B comprises to be increased flexibility district 59A and reduces flexibility district 59B.In certain aspects, in flexible member 57, can only there is the single region that increases or reduce flexibility with respect to the remaining region of flexible member 57 and/or other region.In other side, flexible member 57 can comprise any structure that produces non-homogeneous flexibility around flexible member 57.

In Fig. 2 B, flexible member 57 is shown as solid cylindrical structure, yet, in different aspect of the present invention, flexible member 57 can comprise the structure of other type, for example, around Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 arrange and be configured to by drill collar assembly 55 be connected to Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 a plurality of flexible members, drill collar assembly 55 can be connected to Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 and assembly and/or the similar structures of support component of the lateral movement of drill collar assembly 55 is provided.In other side of the present invention, drill collar assembly 55 itself can be the structure with integral type flexible part, wherein can be selected as around drill collar assembly 55 be inhomogeneous to integral type flexible part, and in the situation that there is no flexible member 57, drill collar assembly 55 can be connected with Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17, or can be a part for Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17.In aspect another, drill collar assembly 55 can comprise a plurality of flexible members such as stretchable sheet or like, and a plurality of flexible member is connected with Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17, and at least one in flexible member has the flexibility that is different from other flexible member.

In an embodiment of the present invention, increasing flexibility district 59A can be arranged on flexible member 57 with to reduce flexibility district 59B relative along diametric(al).In such an embodiment, flexible member 57 can prevent that drill collar assembly is mobile in the position inside (making progress as shown in Figure 2 A) that reduces flexibility district 59B, but can allow drill collar assembly 55 to move at increase 59A place, flexibility district inside (downward as shown in Figure 2 A).Therefore, when drill bit 20 is subject to dynamic motion during drilling process, described drill bit 20 can and/or creep into face 54 with inwall 53 and interact, and can be often along increasing the direction of flexibility district 59A and/or moving, be directed or preferentially smash/remove rock towards described increase flexibility district (making progress as shown in Figure 2 A).In such an embodiment, therefore because flexible member 57 has selecteed non-homogeneous flexibility, during drilling process, due to 17 and the dynamic motion of drill bit 20, flexible member 57 can make well system be directed to, and the directed drilling to well 50 can be provided.During drilling process, the INHOMOGENEOUS INTERACTION of the inner surface of well system and well 27 can also be for controlling the interaction of drill bit 20 and earth formation, and therefore can also be for controlling the function of drill bit 20.

In an embodiment of the present invention, any non-homogeneous circumferential flexibility of drill collar assembly 55 or flexible member 57 can be for leading to well system/controlling.Can select the size of different flexibilities and/or the non-homogeneous flexibility sectional drawing of drill collar assembly 55 and/or flexible member 57 of drill collar assembly 55 and/or flexible member 57 to provide, the guiding of drill bit 20 expectations is responded and/or controlled.For Flexibility Difference and/or circumferential flexibility sectional drawing, can be in theory, by simulation, derive, determine that by previous drilling process and/or similar approach guiding response and/or the drill bit of well system respond by experiment.

Of the present invention, be configured for using together with not relating to the well system that uses rotary drilling-head or at the shell of well system (for example, the shell of Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA)) be in the embodiment in non-rotary situation, drill collar assembly 55 and/or flexible member 57 can be connected with well system or shell.In such an embodiment, well system can be arranged in well, and increases flexibility district 59A and be set to drill bit 20 at concrete place, orientation, for the direction drilling well eye 50 along increasing flexibility district 59A.In order to change drilling direction by well system, can change the position that increases flexibility district 59A.

In certain embodiments, can comprise that the positioner 65 of motor, hydraulic actuator and/or similar device can be for rotation/location drill collar assembly 55 and/or flexible member 57, for the direction drilling well eye 50 along expectation by well system.Positioner 65 can be communicated by letter with processor 70.Processor 70 can be controlled positioner 65 so that the directed drilling of expectation to be provided.Processor 70 can be determined drill collar assembly 55 and/or the position of flexible member 57 in well 50 by manual intervention, can also determine the end points target of well, the wellbore trace of expectation, the drill bit response of expectation, the interaction of drill bit and earth formation expectation, geological data, the input from sensor (not shown) about the data of earth formation can be provided, condition in well 50, well data (for example, the pressure of the drill, bit speed and/or class likelihood data), the vibration data of well system, dynamic interaction data and/or about drill bit the class likelihood data of the location/position in earth formation, data and/or class likelihood data about the track/direction of well.

Processor 70 can be connected to show with display (not shown) orientation/direction/position, well system, drill bit 20, drill collar assembly 55, flexible member 57, bit speed, wellbore trace and/or the similar parameters of well 50.Display can be supplied to data away from drilling well position and by for example Internet connection, network connection, radio communication connection and/or similar connection, and can be for remote-controlled operation drilling process.Come the data of self processor 70 can be stored in memory and/or communicate by letter to other processor and/or the system that are associated with drilling process.

In another embodiment of the present invention, guiding/drill bit function control system can be configured to use together with rotary-type well system, in described rotary-type well system, drill bit 20 can rotate during drilling process, therefore, drill bit 20 and/or Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 can be rotated in well 50.In such an embodiment, drill collar assembly 55 and/or flexible member 57 can be configured so that the motion of drill collar assembly 55 and/or flexible member 57 is independent or be independent of at least partly rotatablely moving of drill bit 20 and/or Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17.Therefore,, during drilling process, drill collar assembly 55 can keep static over the ground well 50 is interior.

In certain aspects, drill collar assembly 55 and/or flexible member 57 can be passive systems, and described passive system comprises the one or more cylinders that arrange around well system.In some cases, one or more cylinders can arrange around the Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 of well system.One or more cylinders can be configured to be independent of well system rotation.In these areas, one or more cylinders can be configured so that the friction between one or more cylinders and stratum can fix, and the friction between one or more cylinder and stratum prevents that one or more cylinders are rotated with respect to rotary drilling system.In aspect more of the present invention, when there is no the pressure of the drill and therefore not having drilling well at the moment, one or more cylinders can lock onto Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA), and then, when applying the pressure of the drill and starting drilling well, described one or more cylinders are directed and are released from Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA); Friction between one or more cylinders and inner surface keeps the orientation of one or more cylinders.In aspect more of the present invention, one or more cylinders can be connected with Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 by bearing or like.

In some embodiments of the invention, when in non-rotating well system, the position of one or more cylinders can be provided by positioner 65, described positioner can make one or more cylinders rotate to change the position of the effective area of cylinder in well 50, thereby changes the function of drilling direction and/or drill bit 20.For example, flexible member 57 can comprise cylinder and can rotate around Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17, change to increase flexibility district 59A and/or to reduce the position of flexibility district 59B, thereby because the dynamic interaction between drill collar assembly 55 and inwall 53 changes the drilling direction of well system.Alternatively, active controller can be for keeping drill collar assembly 55 and/or flexible member 57 with respect to the position/location of the expectation of Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 during drilling process.In addition, this class device can be used to replace bent sub in motor sub-assembly.This benefit of bringing is by pipeline and completion restriction, assembly to be transferred in well when with rotation mode drilling straight-hole.

Fig. 3 A-3C be according to an embodiment of the invention, for the schematic diagram of the cam control system that well system is led.Fig. 3 A has shown the directional drilling system according to an embodiment of the invention with cam control system.In Fig. 3 A, well system drills through earth formation by well 50.Well system comprises that be arranged on will be drilled/or the Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 of the end of the well 50 of being crept into.Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 comprises drill bit 20, described drill bit contact earth formation and drilling well eye 50.

In an embodiment of the present invention, gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 can be connected with Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 by flexible coupler 76.Gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 can comprise non-drilling limit and/or the similar device of one or more gear wheels of drill collar, cylinder, drill bit 20.Fig. 3 B shows gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 according to an aspect of the present invention.As shown in the figure, gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 comprises the cylinder 74A with a plurality of stretchable sheet 74B, and described a plurality of stretchable sheets are arranged on the surface of cylinder 74A.In certain aspects, a plurality of stretchable sheet 74B can have flexible characteristic, and in other side, a plurality of stretchable sheet 74B can be inflexibilities, and can comprise metal.In some embodiments of the invention, gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 itself can be flexible, and flexible gauge stretchable sheet assembly can be connected with the element of Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 in the situation that there is no flexible coupler 76.

In one embodiment of the invention, cam 79 can be connected with Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17.Cam 79 can move in Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17.In an embodiment of the present invention, cam 79 can comprise bias/asymmetric cylinder.Cam 79 can move to contact gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73.Gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 can be configured to contact inwall 53 during the process of drilling well eye 50 and/or creep into face 54.Gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 can directly be connected with Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17, by coupling 76 or like, be connected to Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17.Coupling 76 can comprise flexible/elastic shaped material, and described flexible/elastic shaped material can allow gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 to move with respect to Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17.

Cam 79 can be activated by controller 80.Controller 80 can comprise motor, hydraulic system and/or similar system, and can be for static over the ground in well 50 at translating cam during drilling process 79 and/or maintenance cam 79.In certain aspects, cam 79 can comprise having external surface 81 and the groove in external surface 81 82.In these areas, during drilling process, controller 80 can be near gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 or the active position that contacts with described gauge stretchable sheet assembly for cam 79 being moved to external surface 81.In some embodiments of the invention, can there is no controller 80, and can, before Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 is positioned in well 50, can for example cam 79 be set to active position.

In one embodiment of the invention, cam 79 can be heterogeneously control gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 and inwall 53 and/or creep into the dynamic interaction between face 54 around gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 for the characteristic by making gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73.In yet another embodiment of the present invention, replace using cam 79 to change characteristic, position and/or the similar characteristics of gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73, piezo-activator, hydraulic actuator and/or other mechanical actuator can, for making gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 have nonuniformity, make nonuniformity to advise stretchable sheet assembly 73 and inwall 53 and/or to creep into the dynamic interaction between face 54 for controlled quentity controlled variable.

At active position, that is, in the position engaging with gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 at cam 79, can suppress gauge stretchable sheet assemblies 73 along the movement of the lateral central axis of Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 and/or well 50 (that is, towards) by cam 79.At active position place, groove 82 can separate spacing 83 with gauge stretchable sheet assembly, and wherein spacing 83 is greater than in other position gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 of system for winding and the spacing between external surface 81.Therefore, compare with the other parts that are arranged on external surface 81 tops of gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73, the part of gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 above groove 82 can have more degree of freedom/can shifted laterally.Therefore at gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 and inwall during drilling process and/or the interaction of creeping between face 54, will be, inhomogeneous around gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73.

In aspect more of the present invention, cam 79 can be advised for controlled quentity controlled variable the skew of stretchable sheet assembly 73, thereby so that gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 produces skew, well system is led, thereby or reduce skew in gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 for drilling straight-hole.For controlling the embodiment of the operation of drill bit 20, cam 79 can be advised for controlled quentity controlled variable the skew of stretchable sheet assembly 73, so that thereby gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 produces a certain characteristic that skew produces drill bits 20, thereby or reduce the different qualities that skew in gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 provides drill bit 20.

Cam 79 can comprise camcylinder.In operation, cam 79 can engage with gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73, and can be so that at least a portion of gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 can be with respect to drill bit 20 sizes large (over gauge).Therefore, larger-size gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 can contact in mode heterogeneous with the inner surface of well 50.Cam 79 can have with the external diameter of steady change for the stable dimension/diameter that changes at least a portion of gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 during drilling process.

During drilling process, Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 can be subject to dynamic motion well 50 is interior, thereby produces dynamic interaction between Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17 and the inner surface of well 50.In an embodiment of the present invention, due to at gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73, with respect to the flexibility of the gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 of the position of the opposite side of groove, compare, gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 above groove 82 has larger flexibility, therefore gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 and inwall 53 and/or creep into the dynamic interaction repeating between face 54 and will make well system creep into along drilling direction 85, wherein drilling direction 85 is along the direction sensing of groove 82.When engaging, cam 79 can prevent gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 inside (making progress as shown in the figure) movement, but can allow gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 (downward as shown in the figure) movement in the opposite direction.Therefore, drill bit 20 will move up, vibrate with respect to gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73, thus for creeping into towards groove 82 along upward direction by well system, to produce the section of being directed upwards towards of well 50.

In an embodiment of the present invention, cam 79 can for the axis that makes gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 in geostationary plane with the journal offset of drill bit 20.In certain aspects, when gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 rotates together with drill bit 20 and/or Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17, can provide by cam 79 skew of gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73.

For example, when using the bending section (, having the bending section of 10 degree/100 foot hole deviation) of well system drilling well eye, the actual sidetracking of well can be less; For example, in this bending section, for the well of creeping into forward 150mm (6 inches), the sidetracking of well is 0.07mm.In an embodiment of the present invention, because less for generation of the sidetracking of bending section with every 100 feet of about 10 degree hole deviations, therefore for produce the little deflection that can generate well with the system of the in check non-homogeneous dynamic interaction of the inner surface of well during drilling process.In to the experiment of embodiments of the invention, the drill collar/gauge stretchable sheet assembly that uses central axis with respect to Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) and/or drill bit to have eccentric circumferentially profile (comprising and/or size less eccentric profile large with respect to bit size) produces the guiding to the bending section with this desired curvature of well to the control of dynamic interaction.

In aspect more of the present invention, in order to minimize power demand, gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 can be arranged on flexible coupler 76, and the dead in line of the axis of gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 and drill bit 20 and/or drilling system, and described drilling system can comprise drill bit 20.In an embodiment of the present invention, can be by realizing the guiding to well system with cam 79 to limit the direction of the flexibility of flexible coupler 76, therefore gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 can move in one direction, but is but in the opposite direction unusual (radial motion is had to repellence) of rigidity.In certain aspects, for well system is led with drilling straight-hole, described cam 79 can be engaged so that the movement of gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 systems is rigidity (can not carry out radial motion) in all directions.

In an embodiment of the present invention, gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 can comprise single ring-shaped component, and described ring-shaped component carries gauge stretchable sheet, described ring-shaped component and drill bit 20 dimensional fits.In certain aspects, size is large or size is less is admissible among a small circle.In optional embodiment, the stretchable sheet on gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 can be arranged on independently ring-shaped component and/or can independently be controlled.Gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 can be arranged in rigid and flexible structure, and can move radially with respect to drill bit 20.Cam 79 can be eccentric, and can be configured to when well system is led staticly over the ground, and is introduced into, removes and/or similar action when drill string is making a trip or do not expecting to lead.By cam 79 is remained on to geostationary position, the active part of cam 79 (for example, groove 83 or similar portions) can for example remain on resting position over the ground, for the direction along the expectation direction of geostationary groove 83 (, along) drilling well eye 50 with respect to well 50.In certain aspects, cam 79 can be geostationary, and gauge stretchable sheet or like can rotate freely during drilling process.

As discussed previously, the whole bag of tricks can be for connecting gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 and drill bit 20 and/or Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17.In certain aspects, support can be radial compliance, but can also by moment of torsion and axially weight transmitting to Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17.In one embodiment of the invention, can be that the flexible coupler 76 of support or like can comprise thin cylinder, but described thin cylinder has groove otch in cylinder to allow radially flexibility ratio keeps tangential and axial stiffness.Other embodiment can comprise can be for the male joint of transmitting torque and/or the bearing surface of pivotal arm for weight transmitting is given.

Use can retaining groove 82 (or the larger-size part of cam 79, in the less part of size, or the combination of the radial rigidity of cam 79 and gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 or gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 or radial compliance part) in the structure of the interior geostationary gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 of well 50 and/or flexible coupler 76, well system can be controlled to Directional Drilling well 50.In some embodiments of the invention, processor 75 can be for steering controller 80 for making cam 79 rotation during drill-well operation or between described drill-well operation, thus the direction of continuous control drilling process.In certain embodiments, groove 82 can have for changing the classification profile 82A of the degree of depth of groove 82.In such an embodiment, can change the not relative flexibility of the gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 between the part above groove 82 with respect to gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 in the part above groove 82 at gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73.Like this, in some embodiments of the invention, can control in the mode changing the acute angle (θ) 86 of drilling direction 85.

In aspect more of the present invention, a plurality of grooves can be arranged in cam 79 for controlling the interaction between gauge stretchable sheet assembly 73 and inwall 53.A plurality of grooves can be arranged on around the circumference of cam 79 different positions, so that the guide effect of expectation to be provided.In addition, a plurality of cams can be used during drilling process, to provide different guide effect together from the one or more gauge stretchable sheet assemblies in Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 17.

Fig. 4 A-4C be according to an embodiment of the invention, for controlling the schematic diagram of active (active) gauge stretchable sheet system of the well system that is configured to drilling well eye.In an embodiment of the present invention, active gauge stretchable sheet 100 can be for controlling the well system of drilling well eye use, and described well system can comprise the drilling rod 90 being connected with Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 95.Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 95 can comprise the drill bit 97 for drilling well eye.Active gauge stretchable sheet 100 can comprise a part, the tubular assembly of drill collar, gauge stretchable sheet, Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA), a part for drill bit and/or can be in non-homogeneous mode the interactional like of inner surface with the well of being crept into.

Active gauge stretchable sheet 100 can comprise disk, cylinder, a plurality of independent component-for example, the a series of stretchable sheets that arrange around the circumference of Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 95 or drilling rod 90, described disk, cylinder, a plurality of independent component can be connected with well system, and interact with the inner surface of the well of being crept into during drilling process.In certain aspects, for the interaction repeating between active gauge stretchable sheet 100 or like and the inner surface of well is provided, active gauge stretchable sheet 100 can be connected with well system with the distance with drill bit 97 and is less than 20 feet.In other side, active gauge stretchable sheet 100 can be connected with well system with the distance with drill bit 97 and is less than 10 feet.

In an embodiment of the present invention, active gauge stretchable sheet 100 can move in well.Therefore, active gauge stretchable sheet 100 can be used actuator or similar device in well, to navigate to the orientation in well, with because active gauge stretchable sheet 100 (in being oriented in well time) and the INHOMOGENEOUS INTERACTION of the inner surface of well produce the control to well system expectation.Use processor or similar device to control the position of active gauge stretchable sheet 100 in well, can control/handle the operation of well system and/or guiding, and this control/manipulation can occur in certain aspects in real time.

In Fig. 4 A, active gauge stretchable sheet 100 is connected with Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 95 with the interaction providing near the position of drill bit 97 with the inner surface of the well of being crept into.In the well system that drilling rod 90, Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 95 and/or like rotate during drill-well operation therein, active gauge stretchable sheet 100 keeps static over the ground during can being formed at drill-well operation.Actuator, frictional force and/or similar device can be static over the ground for maintaining source gauge stretchable sheet 100.Only, in the mode of example, in one embodiment of the invention, the distance that active gauge stretchable sheet can be less than 10-20 foot after drill bit 97 is connected with Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 95.

Fig. 4 B shows an embodiment of the active gauge stretchable sheet of the system shown in Fig. 4 A.In Fig. 4 B, according to embodiments of the invention, active gauge stretchable sheet 100A can comprise asymmetric element.By asymmetric active gauge stretchable sheet is connected with drill string, make the external surface of gauge stretchable sheet 100A extend beyond the external surface of drill string, the external surface of asymmetric active gauge stretchable sheet can interact with the inner surface of the well of being crept into.Because active gauge stretchable sheet 100A has asymmetric external surface, therefore active gauge stretchable sheet 100A can interact with the inner surface of well because drill string carries out dynamic motion in mode heterogeneous during drilling process, and described non-homogeneous mode depends on the unsymmetric structure of active gauge stretchable sheet 100A.

Only, in the mode of example, the structure of active gauge stretchable sheet 100A can be asymmetrical, and several inches of distances that arrive in the scope of 10-20 foot after drill bit that can be configured to as provided in Fig. 4 A are connected with Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA).In certain embodiments, active gauge stretchable sheet 100A can comprise even cylinder and can be arranged in prejudicially in Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA), to provide due to the dynamic motion of drill string and inner surface interaction heterogeneous.

In certain embodiments, active gauge stretchable sheet 100A can comprise stationary tube over the ground, and size is less a little in a side.In other embodiments, active gauge stretchable sheet 100A can be less in a side size, and can size larger at opposite side.In certain aspects, active gauge stretchable sheet 100A can comprise a plurality of stationary tubes over the ground, and described stationary tube over the ground in a circumferential direction size is less or size is larger, and can connect around the circumference of drilling rod 90 and/or Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 95.In an embodiment of the present invention, active gauge stretchable sheet 100A can be configured to make active gauge stretchable sheet 100A to be connected with drill string, makes in the whole drilling profile that is arranged on drill bit of active gauge stretchable sheet 100A; Drilling profile comprises edge-to-edge's drilling profile of drill bit.In other embodiments of the invention, a part of active gauge stretchable sheet 100A or all active gauge stretchable sheet 100A can extend beyond the drilling profile of drill bit.

Only in the mode of example, active gauge stretchable sheet 100A can be connected with drill string so that the external surface of active gauge stretchable sheet 100A about tens millimeters of 1-in drilling profile.In other side, and again only in the mode of example, active gauge stretchable sheet 100A can be connected with drill string so that at least a portion of the external surface of active gauge stretchable sheet 100A extends beyond drilling profile at a few tenths of millimeter in the scope of tens millimeters.

In an embodiment of the present invention, because active gauge stretchable sheet 100A and Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) are decentraction, but asymmetric and/or similar structures, therefore active gauge stretchable sheet 100A due to the radial motion of well system in well can and during drilling process, with mode heterogeneous and the inner surface of the well of being crept into, interact.At the dynamic interaction repeating between active gauge stretchable sheet 100A (as shown in Figure 4 B) and the inner surface of well during drilling process, can make well system often along downward direction 103, creep into, as shown in FIG..By keeping active gauge stretchable sheet 100A static over the ground during drilling process, active gauge stretchable sheet 100A can be for leading to well system.

In an embodiment of the present invention, by active gauge stretchable sheet 100A is less than in the size of at least one circumferential position that is wound with the circumference of source gauge stretchable sheet 100A, can between active gauge stretchable sheet 100A and inner surface, produce can be for the little gap that drill bit 97 is led.Therefore, in some embodiments of the invention, can be by utilizing the contact surface in Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 95 to lead to well system, described contact surface can be shifted contact surface outside drilling profile onto in by the profile of gear wheel drilling and/or not.

Fig. 4 C shows another embodiment of the active gauge stretchable sheet of the system shown in Fig. 4 A.In Fig. 4 C, active gauge stretchable sheet 100B can comprise the drill collar 105 being connected with extensible element 107.Drill collar 105 can comprise that cylinder, disk, drill collar gauge stretchable sheet, a part for Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 95 are, a part for a part for drill string, drilling rod and/or like.

In an embodiment of the present invention, extended element 107 can be the element that can be controlled to change the circumferential profile of drill collar 105.Extended element 107 can be controlled/activate by controller 110.Controller 110 can comprise motor, hydraulic system and/or similar device.In an embodiment of the present invention, controller 110 can activate extended element 107 to stretch out from Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 95, thus change by well system during drilling process in well radially/dynamic interaction between dynamic motion and the active gauge stretchable sheet 100B that produces and the inner surface of the well of being crept into.

In some embodiments of the invention, active gauge stretchable sheet 100B can be configured so that when extending in the drilling profile of active gauge stretchable sheet 100B whole installation at drill bit.In other embodiments of the invention, the active gauge stretchable sheet 100B that one section or whole extension/part is extended can extend beyond the drilling profile of drill bit.Only, in the mode of example, active gauge 100B can be connected with drill string so that the external surface of the active gauge 100B in extended position about 1-10mm in drilling profile.In other side, and again only in the mode of example, active gauge stretchable sheet 100B can be connected with drill string, so that at least a portion of the external surface of active gauge stretchable sheet 100B extends beyond drilling profile at a few tenths of millimeter when extending or part is extended in the scope of tens millimeters.

In an embodiment of the present invention, can control the interaction between active gauge stretchable sheet 100B and inner surface by the location/extension of extended element 107, for well system is led and by well system to just carrying out directed drilling in the drilled well of entering.In certain aspects, processor 70 can receive about the data of the drilling direction of expectation, about the data of drilling process, about the data of well, data about the condition in well, geological data, about surrounding data and/or the class likelihood data on the stratum of well, and can operation control 110 so that the location/extension of extended element 107 to be provided, thereby well system is led.In an embodiment of the present invention, extended element 107 can extend to regulate active gauge stretchable sheet 100 and the inner surface of the well of being crept between dynamic interaction.This may need the simple passive extension of extended element 107, makes active gauge stretchable sheet 100 have the non-homogeneous shape around the central axis of well system and/or well, and without thrust or power being applied on inner surface.

Yet in certain aspects, extended element 107 can be positioned, extend that power is applied on inner surface.Only in the mode of example, in certain embodiments, extended element 107 can be applied to the power that is less than 1kN on inner surface, for the reaction force from inner surface being applied on well system and controlling the dynamic interaction between well system and inner surface.Because the power of 1kN can not need very large down-hole power consumption/power supply, can reduce the size and sophistication of controller 110 and/or like.It is favourable operating extended element 107 is less than this power power for applying.

In an embodiment of the present invention, Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 95, drill bit 97, active gauge stretchable sheet 100 and/or like can be configured with inhomogeneous distributed mass.The quality of Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 95, drill bit 97, active gauge stretchable sheet 100 and/or like can along the circumferential direction or in a similar manner change, so that the interaction between the unsteady motion of well system and/or well system and the inner surface of well is inhomogeneous.Therefore, the non-homogeneous weight of well system can be for controlling well system and/or leading.Only, in the mode of example, the drill collar that the pressure of the drill is provided can be the cylinder with non-homogeneous distribution of weight.In certain aspects, cylindrical drill collar can rotate to change non-homogeneous weight/mass distribution with respect to the profile of well, to provide the desired control of well system and/or the guiding to well system.

In some embodiments of the invention, replace gauge stretchable sheet, drill collar and/or like or together with described gauge stretchable sheet, drill collar and/or like, drill string can be formed for controlling and the unsettled interaction of inner surface.For example, Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 95 can be formed asymmetrical, there is asymmetrical flexibility and/or similar structures.In addition, according to some embodiments of the present invention, drill bit 97 can be asymmetrical, there is asymmetric flexibility, there is non-homogeneous drilling characteristic and/or similar characteristics.In addition, well system can be configured to well system increases unsteady motion during drilling process.Simulation, experiment and/or similar approach can have for design the well system of the unsteady motion of increase.The position of the gear wheel on drill bit 97, gear wheel operating parameter can be for providing the unsteady motion of increase.In some embodiments of the invention, well system can be equipped with flexible/flexible coupler, bent sub and/or can be for increasing unstable phase mutual effect, by unstable phase mutual effect and/or similar item, improve the like (not shown) to the control of well system.

Fig. 5 provides according to an embodiment of the invention, for well system being led with the schematic diagram of the repeat radial motion actuator of Directional Drilling well.In an embodiment of the present invention, well system can comprise drill string 140, and described drill string can comprise Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 95 again, and well system can be configured for well to drill through earth formation.

In certain embodiments, radial motion generator 150 can be connected to drill string 140.Radial motion generator 150 can be configured to make Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 95 in well, to generate radial motion; Wherein radial motion any motion that can be Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 95 point to towards the inwall of well away from the central axis of well.Radial motion generator 150 can comprise mechanical vibrator, sonic wave vibrator and/or can make Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 95 produce the similar device of repeat radial motion (for example, vibration).Radial motion generator 150 can be according to the physical characteristic adjustment of drill string 140 and/or Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 95 for increasing the radial motion producing.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the interaction between Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 95 and the inner surface of well can be produced, improve, changes and/or be carried out similar action by radial motion generator 150.Radial motion generator 150 can be for by producing, apply, change the interaction between Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) and the inner surface of well and/or carrying out similar action drill string 140 is led.By drill string 140 is led, the well of creeping into by drill string 140 can be directed and creep into.Processor 155 can interact with generation between Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 95 and inner surface for controlling radial motion generator 150, thereby for the direction along expectation, drill string 140 is led.

In some embodiments of the invention, radial motion generator 150 can with between the inner surface of well system and the well of being crept into, produce inhomogeneous unstable interactional other method and be combined with, example is as described in this description.In such an embodiment, radial motion generator 150 can for increasing or suppress the unsteady motion of drill string, to increase/to suppress effect and/or the control unstable phase mutual effect controller of unstable phase mutual effect controller.Like this, unstable phase mutual effect controller can be as the controller/manager of unstable phase mutual effect controller, and the non-homogeneous unsteady motion that itself can be controlled for well system being controlled/led and/or increase/be suppressed between unstable phase mutual effect controller and the inner surface of well by processor interacts.

Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B show according to an embodiment of the invention, for optionally characterizing the inner surface of well to drilling assembly is led with the system of Directional Drilling well.In drilling process, drill string 160 can be for drilling through earth formation by well.Drill string 160 can comprise Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 165 and coupling 170, and described coupling can connect the equipment at Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 165 and ground location or close described ground location place.Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) can comprise drill bit 173, and described drill bit can comprise that rock for scraping/smash earth formation is to produce/to extend a plurality of teeth 174 of the well of being crept into.

During drilling process, the shape of the inner surface of the well of being crept into can be regular a little, and can be limited by the external diameter of drill bit 173.Conventionally, the shape of inner surface is circular a little.The characteristic of the different piece of earth formation can produce inner surface in irregular shape.In Fig. 6 A, according to embodiments of the invention, building mortion 180 interacts to change with inner surface/form inner surface.Building mortion 180 can comprise for spraying a fluid into fluid injection system on inner surface, be configured for side direction creep into drill bit in inner surface, for scraper and/or the similar device of scraping inner surface.

In an embodiment of the present invention, building mortion 180 can be for the profile that changes inner surface for controlling the interaction between Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 165 and inner surface.In certain aspects, gauge stretchable sheet 185 can be connected with Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 165 near drill bit 173, and can be configured to interact with inner surface during by well system drilling well eye.In the relatively uniform situation of inner surface, the random interaction that the radial motion during drilling process by Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 165 between gauge stretchable sheet 185 and inner surface produces can be uniformly on an average, and can not affect drilling direction.In an embodiment of the present invention, building mortion 180 can form the profile of inner surface/form described inner surface to control the interaction between gauge stretchable sheet 185 and inner surface.In aspect more of the present invention, Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 165 can not comprise gauge stretchable sheet 185, and interaction can be directly between Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 165 and inner surface.

In an embodiment of the present invention, by controlling the interaction between gauge stretchable sheet 185 and inner surface, can lead to well system.In certain aspects, it is static over the ground that building mortion 180 can keep during guiding process, the region of the inner surface that in the time of can moving in well/rotate for the parts when drill string 140 and/or drill string 140, accurately selection will form by building mortion 180 during drilling process.

Building mortion 180 can comprise and is arranged on the gauge cutter of drill bit and the water jet between gauge stretchable sheet.Water jet or similar item can be for excavating the earth formation before gauge stretchable sheet, to generate between inner surface and gauge stretchable sheet for well system being vibrated according to embodiments of the invention the gap of leading.In other embodiments, electronic pulse system can be arranged on before gauge stretchable sheet, and can, for a part for softening inner surface, to allow gauge stretchable sheet to smash the material of this part, thereby generate for according to an embodiment of the invention well system being vibrated the gap of guiding.In other embodiments, electronic pulse system can be for directly generating gap.

In Fig. 6 B, drill bit 173 can be configured to the well of the selective non-homogeneous inner surface of drilling tool.In certain aspects, the tooth 190 of drill bit 173 can be configured to optionally be activated, so that the profile on inner surface to be provided.In other side, different technology can be for controlling drill bit 173 optionally to form inner surface.Can be by controlling profile, the shape of the inner surface that is optionally placed on groove, groove or similar portions in inner surface, the interaction that can control the radial motion being produced by Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 165 between inner surface and Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 165 and produce during the creeping into of well, and therefore can also control drilling direction.

Fig. 7 A be according to an embodiment of the invention, for well system being led with the indicative flowchart of the method for Directional Drilling well.In step 200, well system can be for drilling through one section of well of earth formation.Well system can comprise the drill string that is connected to ground installation or similar devices.Drill string itself can comprise Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA), and described Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) comprises for contacting earth formation and drilling through the drill bit of the borehole segments of earth formation.Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) can be connected with ground installation by drilling rod, sleeve pipe, flexible pipe or similar pipe.Drill bit can be supplied with power by top-drive device, rotating disk, motor, drilling fluid and/or similar device.During drilling process, drill string can be subject to random motion in well, and wherein random motion can comprise the radial vibration that makes drill string repeat to contact the inner surface of well during drilling process.The interaction being produced by radial vibration between drill string and inner surface can major part results from the bottom of well to be located, and at place, described bottom, between Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) and inner surface, can interact.

In step 210, the oscillating mode between drill string and inner surface interacts and can be controlled.In some embodiments of the invention, can control dynamic interaction in the bottom of well.In some embodiments of the invention, it is inhomogeneous can using some devices in the bottom of well so that the oscillating mode between Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) and inner surface interacts.In such an embodiment, the interactional step of oscillating mode of controlling between drill string and inner surface can comprise: in a plurality of positions inhibition of the circumferencial direction around inner surface and/or the oscillating mode strengthening between Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) and inner surface, interact.Along with well is crept into, can maintain or change a plurality of positions around the circumferencial direction of inner surface to the interactional inhibition of the oscillating mode between Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) and inner surface and/or enhancing.In certain aspects, a plurality of devices can be for producing INHOMOGENEOUS INTERACTION between Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) and inner surface.

In an embodiment of the present invention, can in step 212, use interaction element for controlling dynamic interaction.Interaction element can be the independent component such as drill collar, gauge stretchable sheet assembly, cylinder or other element that can be connected with drill string, and in certain aspects, Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) can be a part for drill string, for example, and a part for Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) or similar item.Interaction element can be configured to provide interaction element and the inner surface of the well of being crept between interact uniformly.

The well of conventionally, being crept into is the well with substantial cylindrical inner surface in earth formation.Therefore, in certain aspects, interaction element can comprise having the element that the center with respect to drill string and/or well is non-homogeneous profile.Only, in the mode of example, interaction element can comprise the camcylinder being connected with Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA); Wherein, when being connected with Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA), the central axis of camcylinder not with the central axes of Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA).In another example, interaction element can comprise a series of stretchable sheets, described stretchable sheet is around Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) setting, and be configured to contact the cylindrical form interior surface of well during drilling process, wherein, at least one in stretchable sheet is configured to compare with other stretchable sheet from Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) and stretches out still less or more length.

In other embodiments, interaction element can comprise the element with non-homogeneous flexibility.Only in the mode of example, flexible member can comprise the element with certain flexibility, and a part for described element has and increases or reduce flexibility with respect to certain flexibility of this element remainder, and be configured so that at least a portion of increasing flexibility district or reducing flexibility district with have certain flexibility element at least a portion each can during drilling process, contact due to the dynamic motion of Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) cylindrical form interior surface.In some embodiments of the invention, actuator can be for changing the feature of interaction element, with the inner surface from well with the interactional element of even mode to activating interaction element with non-homogeneous mode and the interactional element of inner surface.

In some embodiments of the invention, interaction element, no matter be that element and/or the element with non-homogeneous section, non-homogeneous flexibility can be configured to pressure be applied to inner surface or be pushed against on inner surface, and in fact described interaction element can be passive and interact with inner surface due to the dynamic motion of drill string during drilling process.For example, interaction element can comprise from the outward extending extendible member of drill string.In certain aspects, can power be applied on inner surface by extendible member, but for simple and economical reason, power can be in fact only little, that is, power is less than about 1kN.

In some embodiments of the invention, interaction element can be configured to not extend beyond drill bit gear wheel profile and/or by whole installation in described profile.In other embodiments, interaction element can at least have a part for the profile that extends beyond drill bit.In aspect more of the present invention, interaction element can be outside the profile of drill bit extends in the scope of 1 millimeter to tens millimeters, and this expanded range is for leading/control well system.

In the element that wherein interacts of the present invention comprises aspect some of one or more extended elements, one or more extended elements can extend to extend not more than the profile of gear wheel and/or drill bit and/or whole installation in the profile of described gear wheel and/or drill bit.In other side, one or more extended elements can extend the profile that makes at least a portion of one or more extended elements extend beyond gear wheel and/or drill bit.In some embodiments of the invention, can provide the guiding to well system by the profile that makes one or more extended elements extend beyond gear wheel and/or drill bit within the scope of 1-10mm.In such an embodiment, from use reaction force, push hard and lean against on the borehole wall differently for the directional drilling system leading, can only use/need a small amount of power and/or minimum underground equipment to activate and/or to keep extended element in the expanded range of the expectation of the profile over gear wheel and/or drill bit.

In aspect using some of a plurality of devices, the combination of device can be configured to provide drill string and the along the circumferential direction interaction heterogeneous between the inner surface of drill string, and in this structure, the mode that can avoid a plurality of devices with a device, the impact of dynamic interaction to be cancelled to the impact of another device with drill string is connected.Can comprise together with other device for controlling the device of dynamic interaction: gauge stretchable sheet, drill collar, stabilizer and/or be arranged in other device in Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) in the mode of decentraction; Gauge stretchable sheet, drill collar, stabilizer and/or can be configured to along the circumferential direction have the similar device of non-homogeneous compression coefficient; For changing the device of the profile/shape/profile of inner surface; Be configured to get out the drill bit of the well with irregular inner surface; And/or similar device.

In step 220, can interact well system is led by the oscillating mode between control drill string and the inner surface of well.In an embodiment of the present invention, for controlling the device of the dynamic interaction between drill string and the inner surface of well, can optionally be positioned in well, so that dynamic interaction leads to well system.In the well system that at least a portion of drill string is rotated during drilling process therein, device can keep static for leading over the ground in well.In some embodiments of the invention, before boring one section of well, can by for control the dynamic interaction between drill string and the inner surface of well Array selection be positioned at drill string, so that the guiding that well system is expected to be provided.In certain aspects, before boring another section of well, can reorientate for controlling the device of the dynamic interaction between drill string and the inner surface of well.Therein for example the actuator of cam or similar device for changing for controlling the embodiment of characteristic of the device of the dynamic interaction between drill string and the inner surface of well, during drilling process, can optionally locate and/or reorientate cam, rather than optionally locate and/or reorientate for controlling the device of dynamic interaction.

In some embodiments of the invention, control the device in device for controlling the dynamic interaction between drill string and the inner surface of well position, the orientation in well, the position on drill string and/or the orientation in well, and/or for the device of the device of the dynamic interaction between actuation control drill string and the inner surface of well (for example, cam or similar device), can be for mobile at the device of controlling the dynamic interaction between drill string and the inner surface of well during drilling process.

In step 230, well system is led with the direction drilling well eye along expectation.In an embodiment of the present invention, can be identified for the direction of one section of drilled well expectation, and can will be positioned in well and/or on drill string so that well system is led for controlling the device of dynamic interaction, thereby bore one section of well along the direction of expectation.In certain aspects, processor can be controlled for the position of the device of the dynamic interaction on control well intraocular and/or drill string, orientation and/or similar parameters, makes to bore one section of drilled well along the direction of expectation.In certain embodiments, can be processed from being arranged on sensing data on drill string, from the data, geological data and/or the class likelihood data that are arranged on the sensor in well by processor, the drilling direction of thinking expectation is identified for controlling the location/position of the device of dynamic interaction.

Fig. 7 B be according to an embodiment of the invention, for controlling the indicative flowchart for the method for the well system at earth formation drilling well eye.In step 240, comprise be configured to the drill string of drilling well eye and the well system of drill bit in earth formation can be for boring one section of well.In step 250, data that can sensing operation during drilling process about drill string and/or drill bit.Described data can comprise the parameter such as the rotating speed of the pressure of the drill, well system, hook load, moment of torsion and/or similar parameters.In addition, can be from stratum and/or the similar local image data of well, ground installation, encirclement well, and described data can be the inputs of the intervention/drilling process about implementing maybe will implement in drilling process.For example, can determine pressure and/or temperature in well and stratum, can obtain geological data by well and/or stratum, can identify property of drilling fluid and/or similar performance.

In step 260, can process about the sense data of well system and/or about data and/or the class likelihood data of the condition in earth formation and/or the well of being crept into.In fact it can be conclusive/random processing, and described processing can be identified the current of well system and/or in the future potential state.For example, can condition for identification and/or stopping and/or the condition of similar performance and/or potential well system condition such as the invalid performance of drill bit, drill bit.

In some embodiments of the invention, the processor of reception sense data can be for handling the interactional control of unsteady motion between well system and the inner surface of well.For example, magnetometer, hydrometer, accelerometer, free gyroscope system and/or similar device can be determined amplitude, frequency, speed, acceleration and/or the similar parameters of well system, so that the understanding to the unsteady motion of well system to be provided.The data of autobiography sensor send to processor in the future, to process, and the value for the unsteady motion of well system can be shown, in the unstable interactional control system of controlling drill string, use, processed with together with other data from earth formation, well and/or similar place, to handle for controlling the unstable interactional control system of drill string and/or similar device.Only, in the mode of example, can realize sense data to the communication of processor by telemetry system, optical fiber, wired drill pipe, steel wire flexible pipe, radio communication and/or similar fashion.

In step 270, can control drill string and the inner surface of the well of being crept between oscillating mode interact.Can be by changing/handle/a change part for Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA), the gear wheel of a part for drill string, drill bit, the profile of the inner surface of well or the contact characteristic of similar item provide the interactional control between drill string and the inner surface of well.Contact characteristic can be with the external surface of a part, the gear wheel of a part for drill string, drill bit of Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) and/or during drilling process, can contact the feature that the similar item of the inner surface of well is associated.Profile/shape that contact characteristic can comprise external surface (, can comprise the eccentric shape around the external surface of the central axis of well system, Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA), drill bit and/or like, the large and/or less part of size of the size that can comprise external surface), can comprise non-homogeneous flexibility and/or similar item around external surface.

In step 280, the controlled oscillating mode between drill string and the inner surface of well interacts can be for controlling the operation/function of well system.For example, in the time can detecting or predict the rotation buzz of drill bit of well system, the oscillating mode that can control between drill string and the inner surface of well interacts to eliminate, reduces and/or prevents to rotate buzz.In an embodiment of the present invention, the function of well system can be determined by the data of processing, and the function of described well system can be changed by the interaction between control drill string and the inner surface of well.Like this, embodiments of the invention can be provided for controlling the new system and method for the operation of well system.

In order to be aware and understand, described the present invention in detail.Yet what will be familiar with is can implement some changes and modification in the protection domain of claims.In addition, in the above description, for purposes of illustration, with concrete order, the whole bag of tricks and/or process have been described.Should be familiar with in optional embodiment, can carry out described method and/or process to be different from the order of described order.

Claims

1. utilize well system by described well system dynamic motion in the drilled well of spouting or coring in earth formation, to control a method for described well system, described well system comprises drill bit and drill string, said method comprising the steps of:

Be controlled at the dynamic interaction between a part for described well system and the inner surface of described well; And

Use at the described part of described well system and the controlled dynamic interaction between the inner surface of described well to control described well system,

The wherein said step that is controlled at the dynamic interaction between a part for described well system and the inner surface of described well comprises:

It is heterogeneous making a described part for described well system and the described dynamic interaction between described inner surface; And

The controlled dynamic interaction of wherein said use between at least a portion of described well system and the inner surface of described well comprises to control the step of described well system:

Use described dynamic interaction so that described well system is led; And

Use flexible drill collar or flexible gauge stretchable sheet to interact with dynamical fashion with described inner surface, wherein, described flexible drill collar or described flexible gauge stretchable sheet are configured to provide around the external surface of described flexible drill collar or described flexible gauge stretchable sheet non-homogeneous flexibility along the circumferential direction.

2. method according to claim 1, wherein, a part for the described well system of described control and the step of the dynamic interaction between the inner surface of described well comprise:

A described part and the described dynamic interaction between described inner surface of described well system are along the circumferential direction changed around a described part for described well system.

3. method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:

In the operating period of described well system, keep a described part for described well system static over the ground in described well.

4. method according to claim 1, wherein, the controlled dynamic interaction of described use between a part for described well system and the inner surface of described well comprises to control the step of described well system:

Use described dynamic interaction to control the interaction between described drill bit and the bottom of described well.

5. method according to claim 1, wherein, the controlled dynamic interaction of described use between a part for described well system and the inner surface of described well comprises to control the step of described well system:

Use described dynamic interaction to improve the performance of drill bit.

6. method according to claim 1, wherein, described in be controlled at the dynamic interaction between a part for described well system and the inner surface of described well step comprise:

It is asymmetrical making a described part for described well system.

7. method according to claim 1, wherein, described in be controlled at the dynamic interaction between a part for described well system and the inner surface of described well step comprise:

Make the described part of described well system comprise the quality of non-uniform Distribution.

8. method according to claim 7, wherein, the quality of described non-uniform Distribution along the circumferential direction changes around a described part for described well system.

9. method according to claim 1, wherein, described in be controlled at the dynamic interaction between a part for described well system and the inner surface of described well step comprise:

Make a described part for described well system there is non-homogeneous flexibility.

10. method according to claim 9, wherein, described non-homogeneous flexibility along the circumferential direction changes around a described part for described well system.

11. methods according to claim 1, wherein, described in be controlled at the dynamic interaction between at least a portion of described well system and the inner surface of described well step comprise:

Connect contact element and described well system, and use described contact element to control described dynamic interaction.

12. methods according to claim 11, further comprising the steps of:

In the operating period of described well system, keep described contact element static over the ground in described well.

13. methods according to claim 11, wherein, described contact element is configured to the non-homogeneous dynamic interaction of generation and described inner surface.

14. methods according to claim 11, wherein, the shape of described contact element is asymmetrical.

15. methods according to claim 11, wherein, described contact element has non-homogeneous flexibility.

16. methods according to claim 11, wherein, described contact element comprises the part of the flexibility with increase or the part of the flexibility that reduces.

17. methods according to claim 16, wherein, described in have increase flexibility part or described in there is the flexibility reducing part be positioned on described well system, for the direction along expectation to the described well system row guiding of spouting.

18. methods according to claim 11, further comprising the steps of:

Described contact element is positioned in described well, so that described well system produces the function of expectation.

19. methods according to claim 18, wherein, the function of described expectation is that described well system is led.

20. methods according to claim 11, wherein, described contact element is connected with Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA).

21. methods according to claim 11, wherein, described contact element is connected with described drill bit.

22. methods according to claim 11, wherein, described contact element is connected with described well system, so that described contact element repeats to contact with the inner surface of described well during drilling process.

23. methods according to claim 11, wherein, described contact element is configured so that the described dynamic interaction between described contact element and the inner surface of described well along the circumferential direction changes around described contact element.

24. methods according to claim 11, wherein, described contact element comprises cylinder, described cylinder is connected with described Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) in eccentric mode.

25. methods according to claim 11, wherein, described contact element can move in described Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA).

26. methods according to claim 25, wherein, described contact element can rotate in described Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA).

27. methods according to claim 11, wherein, described contact element comprises extended element, described extended element can stretch out towards described inner surface from described contact element.

28. methods according to claim 27, wherein, described extended element can be applied to power described inner surface, and described power is applied to described inner surface to control described dynamic interaction.

29. methods according to claim 27, wherein, the power that is applied to described inner surface is less than 1kN.

30. methods according to claim 11, wherein, described contact element is connected with described well system, so that described contact element is arranged in the drilling profile of described drill bit.

31. methods according to claim 11, further comprising the steps of:

During drilling process, change the dynamic motion of described Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA).

32. methods according to claim 31, wherein, the described step that changes the dynamic motion of described Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) during drilling process comprises:

Drive described well system to carry out radial motion in described well.

33. methods according to claim 11, wherein, described contact element is connected with described well system, so that at least a portion of described contact element is arranged on outside the drilling profile of described drill bit.

34. methods according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:

Use processor to handle the control to described dynamic interaction.

35. methods according to claim 34, wherein, described processor is handled the control to described dynamic interaction in real time.

36. methods according to claim 34, further comprising the steps:

Use described processor with to described contact element the active position in described Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) process, so that the control to the expectation of described well system to be provided; And

Described contact element is positioned to described active position place.

37. methods according to claim 34, further comprising the steps:

Sense data; And

Described sense data is communicated by letter to described processor.

38. methods according to claim 35, wherein, described sense data comprises performance data, and wherein said performance data comprises the data about the function of at least one function element of described well system.

39. methods according to claim 35, wherein, described sense data comprises the data of the dynamic motion in described well about described well system.

40. methods according to claim 35, wherein, described sense data comprises about surrounding the geological data of the earth formation of described well.

41. methods according to claim 35, wherein, described sense data comprises wellbore data, and wherein said wellbore data comprises the data about the condition in described well.

42. methods according to claim 1, wherein, described in be controlled at the dynamic interaction between a part for described well system and the inner surface of described well step comprise:

Use with the non-gauge stretchable sheet being connected with one heart of described well system or drill collar to interact with dynamical fashion with described inner surface.

43. methods according to claim 1, wherein, described in be controlled at the dynamic interaction between a part for described well system and the inner surface of described well step comprise:

Use asymmetric drill collar or asymmetric gauge stretchable sheet to interact with dynamical fashion with described inner surface.

44. methods according to claim 1, wherein, described in be controlled at the dynamic interaction between a part for described well system and the inner surface of described well step comprise:

Use flexible drill collar or flexible gauge stretchable sheet to interact with dynamical fashion with described inner surface, wherein, described flexible drill collar or described flexible gauge stretchable sheet are configured with the Mass Distribution along the circumferential direction changing around described flexible drill collar or described flexible gauge stretchable sheet.

45. methods according to claim 1, wherein, described in be controlled at the dynamic interaction between a part for described well system and the inner surface of described well step comprise:

Control the profile of described inner surface.

46. according to the method described in claim 45, and wherein, asymmetric drill bit is for controlling the profile of the inner surface of described well.

47. according to the method described in claim 45, and wherein, one in injection apparatus, electrical pulse device, secondary drill bit and extended member for controlling the profile of the inner surface of described well.

48. methods according to claim 1, wherein, described in be controlled at the dynamic interaction between a part for described well system and the inner surface of described well step comprise:

Control the dynamic motion of described well system.

49. according to the method described in claim 48, and wherein, the step of the dynamic motion of the described well system of described control comprises:

Described well system is driven to the dynamic motion for expectation.