CN101823546B - Tandem shipbuilding method for chemical tanker - Google Patents
Tandem shipbuilding method for chemical tanker Download PDFInfo
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- CN101823546B CN101823546B CN201010159697.9A CN201010159697A CN101823546B CN 101823546 B CN101823546 B CN 101823546B CN 201010159697 A CN201010159697 A CN 201010159697A CN 101823546 B CN101823546 B CN 101823546B
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Abstract
The invention provides a tandem shipbuilding method for a chemical tanker, which belongs to the technical field of ships and solves the problems of low space utilization rate, long shipbuilding period and the like in the traditional chemical tanker building process. The method of the invention comprises the following steps: A, when building No. 1 ship nearby a launching way at the lower end of a shipway, building No. 2 ship or a part of the structure of the No. 2 ship at the upper end of the shipway at the same time; B, after building the No. 1 ship, sliding the ship body to the launching way; C, moving the No. 2 ship to the place, where the No. 1 ship is primarily, at the lower end of the shipway; D, after moving the No. 2 ship to the appointed place, performing secondary positioning on the height and direction of the ship body with a positioning mechanism; and E, after positioning the No. 2 ship, continuously building the No. 2 ship, simultaneously building another ship or a part of the structure of the ship at the place where the No. 2 ship is primarily, and so on. The tandem shipbuilding method for the chemical tanker can simultaneously build more than one ship so that the production efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of ships, relate to a kind of tandem shipbuilding method of boats and ships, particularly a kind of tandem shipbuilding method of chemical carrier.
Background technology
Along with the development of ship building industry, sectional construction technology reaches its maturity, and the quantity that whole ship is divided into segmentation is fewer and feweri, and segmentation weight is also increasing, and most shipyard adopts large-scale building berth shipbuilding.Shipyard is when the construction initial stage carries out integrated planning, the yardstick that ability and the yardstick that can build maximum boats and ships determine building berth can be built according to reality, but the principal dimensions of possible shipyard usual institute shipbuilding oceangoing ship, much smaller than the yardstick of building berth, may have a lot of place at leisure in building berth, forms a kind of huge waste.
Large-scale chemical carrier closes up the building berth that place is band gradient, consider that the construction of chemical carrier requires high, cycle is tight, add that place is nervous, for improving the degree of utilization of building berth, enhance productivity, shorten shipbuilding period, therefore adopt series system to build, namely last ship time is built in the front end of building berth near lower aquaporin place, the stern segmentation of a rear ship is built in building berth rear end, when after last launching, again the stern segmentation of next ship already made or whole ship are displaced to front end from the rear end of building berth, and on the original position of stern segmentation of second ship, build the stern segmentation of the 3rd ship, so repeatedly, continuously, carry out ship building in an orderly manner.
Traditional boats and ships displacement method mainly contains mechanical type traction displacement method and floating type displacement method, and the feature of two kinds of methods is as follows:
(1) mechanical type traction displacement method
Mechanical type traction displacement method can rely on traction machine, is controlled the walk rate of stern segmentation (or whole ship), stern segmentation reorientated more accurately by speed reduction gearing.But shortcoming is the method needs a set of special shift mechanism, and this shift mechanism comprises traction machine, hawser, roller, sliding machine etc., and need arrange sliding rail bottom building berth, expensive, troublesome poeration.
(2) floating type displacement method
Floating type displacement method mainly open building berth gate water inlet, utilize the buoyancy of self make stern segmentation or whole ship floating, and rely on the tractor equipment of building berth both sides or utilize other ships draw displacement.Floating type displacement method is simple and convenient, but needs to be equipped with a set of Special lifting adjusting mechanism and carry out secondary location to stern segmentation after displacement, and also has certain requirement to water level, and at water level, the too low or excessive too fast place of drop is difficult to realize.
For now, apply relatively many at most shipyard mechanical type traction displacement method and floating type displacement method, corresponding specialized equipment is also many, one " secondary positioner of ship stern complete cross section in dock " disclosed in patent (application number 01105628.2), what relate to is exactly the localization method of stern segmentation after floating type displacement.The method relates to and is arranged on bow registration device before and after ship stern complete cross section and stern registration device, the displacement of stern segmentation is carried out in dock, its registration device pedestal is linked together with regulating cushion block and registration device base by fastener, pedestal is fastened on dock bottom, spring conductor rod and spring are contained in base, the bottom of base is placed with headblock, base is equipped with the female mould of stern registration device and the female mould of bow registration device, the stern registration device androtype contacted with hull bottom and bow registration device androtype coordinate with this with corresponding female mould to regulate adjustable height respectively.
It is that spring has very large elasticity that this invention mainly contains two: one in the object that base arranges spring, can absorb a large amount of energy, play buffer action in deformation in compression process, the enormous impact power that when reducing location, hull and dock are subject to; Two is that spring can keep certain distortion with the height of bow stern regulating positioning device, make it to meet stern paragraph pier time block telescopic variation requirement, and the dismounting of bow stern registration device can be facilitated.
Owing to laser transit can only be adopted to carry out coarse positioning to it after the displacement of displacement floating type displacement method.If locate inaccurate, there is deviation in line of centers, the hull line of centers being then benchmark with this line of centers just may depart from far away building berth center line, to the lifting of subsequent segment with to close up and the measurement of hull principal dimension causes inconvenience, therefore the secondary location of stern segmentation must determine line of centers and the tram of rib bit line in building berth more exactly, this just proposes higher requirement to the accurate location of quality and all larger stern segmentation of volume, is difficult to reach requirement for the general the medium and small size shipyards not having complete professional equipment.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the problems referred to above existed for prior art, provide a kind of equipment simple, easy to operate, building berth can be made full use of, shorten the tandem shipbuilding method of the chemical carrier of shipbuilding period.
Object of the present invention realizes by following technical proposal: a kind of tandem shipbuilding method of chemical carrier, comprise the building berth that total length is greater than the band slope of captain's degree, trailer coupling building berth is provided with the detent mechanism for locating hull, drawing for the shift mechanism and carrying out when hull utilizes self gravitation to be shifted of mobile hull, described shift mechanism comprises air bag for supporting hull and for the Air compressor of above-mentioned airbag aeration, this tandem shipbuilding method comprises the steps:
A, build a ship time in the lower end of building berth near lower aquaporin place, synchronously build the part-structure of No. two ships or No. two ships in building berth upper end, when building, a ship and No. two ships locate hull respectively by detent mechanism;
B, after a ship has been built, air bag is laid in the bottom of a ship, with Air compressor, airbag aeration spreading is supported hull again, originally the detent mechanism being used for locating this hull is shifted out, oppositely hull is drawn and slow releasing with trailer coupling, a ship deadweight drives air bag to roll on building berth, makes hull slide to lower aquaporin;
C, No. one launch a ship after, remove place, air bag is laid No. two boat bottom, airbag aeration spreading is made to support hull with Air compressor, originally the detent mechanism being used for locating this hull is shifted out, oppositely draw the hull of No. two ships and slow releasing with trailer coupling, No. two ships drive air bag to roll on building berth due to deadweight, and air bag drives hull to move to a former ship position, building berth lower end;
D, after No. two ships slide into appointed place, with trailer coupling carry out on the length direction of hull fine setting calibration, then the bottom of hull arrange detent mechanism, air bag deflation is also removed, and locates the short transverse secondary of hull with detent mechanism;
E, No. two ship positionnings are completed after, continue construction No. two ships, synchronously build the part-structure of another ship or ship simultaneously at former No. two ship positions, reciprocal with this.
A ship and No. two ships need to be consistent in the height direction, accuracy rate can be ensured like this when segmental hoisting closes up, certain air pressure is ensured after airbag aeration, air bag is relevant with the air pressure of air bag itself with raising height to the bearing force of hull, when air bag rolls on building berth, friction force is smaller, drags hull more laborsaving with the rolling of air bag.Air bag, trailer coupling and Air compressor are all very common, relatively simple for structure, easy to operate, do not need high cost.
In the tandem shipbuilding method of above-mentioned a kind of chemical carrier, cylindrical after described airbag aeration.Columniform air bag is easier at rolling time ratio, in addition owing between hull with air bag being relative rolling, is therefore not easy the paint damaging hull bottom.
In the tandem shipbuilding method of above-mentioned a kind of chemical carrier, No. two described ships comprise stern segmentation.The ship total length sometimes built is long, may not hold two whole ships and build simultaneously in building berth, so need the stern segmentation of first building No. two ships.
In the tandem shipbuilding method of above-mentioned a kind of chemical carrier, described detent mechanism comprises at the laser transit of hull side and the steel pier between hull bottom and ground, timber wedge block is placed with between part steel pier and hull, be placed with jack between another part steel pier and hull, described timber wedge block and the top of jack lean mutually with hull respectively.
First arrange multiple steel pier in the bottom of hull, then measured deviate with laser transit, regulate the height of hull with jack, by adding or reduce timber wedge block on steel pier, steel pier is contacted with hull stability.
In the tandem shipbuilding method of above-mentioned a kind of chemical carrier, described detent mechanism comprises at the laser transit of hull side and the steel pier between hull bottom and ground, be provided with the hydraulic pressure buttress that can adjust oneself height between described steel pier and hull bottom, the two ends of this hydraulic pressure buttress contact with above-mentioned steel pier and hull bottom respectively.
Hydraulic pressure buttress comprises a bearing, bearing has the screw rod that can be elevated, and screw rod is driven by a hydraulic efficiency gear, is provided with self-locking structure between screw rod and bearing.When needs position body section or whole ship, first hydraulic pressure buttress is placed on steel pier, the altitudes of hull is measured with laser transit, the overhang of adjusting screw(rod) makes hull rise or declines, after hull height is adjusted, by the height of the self-locking structure locking hydraulic pressure buttress on hydraulic pressure buttress.
In the tandem shipbuilding method of above-mentioned a kind of chemical carrier, described jack is manual type jack.
In the tandem shipbuilding method of above-mentioned a kind of chemical carrier, described trailer coupling comprises and is fixed on building berth and is positioned at the winch in fore front, is connected with steel rope between winch and hull.Steel rope one cephalic disc is around on winch, and other end is connected with hull, is controlled the speed of hull movement by the burst size controlling steel rope.
Compared with prior art, the tandem shipbuilding method of this chemical carrier has following advantage:
(1) can build the hull of more than simultaneously, improve production efficiency;
(2) all ships simultaneously built share a building berth and lifting appliance, improve the degree of utilization of equipment;
(3) under hull, water mode is simple, moves ship just, to the accurate positioning of hull;
(4) particular/special requirement be there is no to involved equipment, all equipment install and convenient disassembly reliable;
(5) device structure involved by is simple, and productive costs is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that in embodiment one, chemical carrier series connection is built and displacement schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of steel pier in embodiment one.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of timber wedge block in embodiment one.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram be equipped with in embodiment one between the steel pier of jack and hull.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram be equipped with in embodiment one between the steel pier of timber wedge block and hull.
In figure, 1, Air compressor; 2, flexible pipe; 3, air bag; 4, steel pier; 5, timber wedge block; 6, winch; 7, steel rope; 8, a ship; 9, No. two ships; 10, building berth; 11, lower aquaporin 11,12, jack; 13, laser transit.
Detailed description of the invention
Be below specific embodiments of the invention and by reference to the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is further described, but the present invention be not limited to these embodiments.
Embodiment one:
As shown in Figure 1, the equipment that the present invention relates to comprises the gradient building berth 10 of a band that can hold a more than ship, building berth 10 is provided with Air compressor 1 and gantry crane, be provided with air bag 3, the trailer coupling for being shifted, also be provided with the detent mechanism for locating hull, detent mechanism comprises hand jack 12, steel pier 4, timber wedge block 5 and laser transit 13.Trailer coupling comprises and is fixed on building berth 10 and is positioned at the winch 6 in fore front, is connected with steel rope 7 between winch 6 and hull.Steel rope 7 one cephalic disc is around on winch 6, and other end is connected with hull, is controlled the speed of hull movement by the burst size controlling steel rope 7.
When building a ship 8 in the front end of building berth 10 near lower aquaporin 11 place, build the stern segmentation of No. two ships 9 in building berth 10 rear end, a ship 8 and No. two ships 9 also support hull with steel pier 4 and timber wedge block 5 by laser transit 13 precise positioning.
After a ship 8 has been built, the air bag 3 of some is laid in the bottom of a ship 8, air bag 3 is inflated spreading to support a ship 8 by recycling Air compressor 1, by steel rope 7, a ship 8 is connected with winch 6, the timber wedge block 5 and steel pier 4 that were originally used for supporting hull are shifted out, with winch 6 slow releasing steel rope 7, continue building berth rear end air bag 3 is inflated simultaneously, ship 8 rear end is elevated, and a ship 8 relies on deadweight to drive air bag 3 to roll on building berth 10, makes hull slide to lower aquaporin 11.
When after a ship 8 times water in building berth 10, utilize the obstacle in gantry crane removing building berth 10, after the displacement of No. two ships 9 is carried out on building berth 10 ground, need the mark line of in-position.The mark of well in advance location on No. two ships 9, hull bottom arranges air bag 3, No. two ship 9 hull rear ends are connected with the steel rope 7 on winch 6, Air compressor 1 is utilized to be inflated by flexible pipe 2 pairs of air bags 3, the hull of No. two ships 9 is by jack-up, take out timber wedge block 5 and the steel pier 4 of hull bottom support, now the weight of hull is all carried by air bag 3.
Continue to utilize Air compressor 1 pair of air bag 3 to inflate, ensure that the front-end and back-end of No. two ships 9 have diff-H, now winch 6 starts action, winch 6 slow releasing steel rope 7, No. two ships 9 slowly move to building berth 10 front end because the diff-H that causes inflated by air bag 3, the hull bottom of No. two ships 9 does relative rolling with air bag 3, air bag 3 with building berth 10 ground, needs constantly arranging new air bag 3 above, until end-of-shift at No. two ships 9 in the process of building berth 10 front end movement.
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, utilize the traction of trailer coupling to finely tune the position that No. two ships 9 arrive along building berth 10 length direction, rearrange steel pier 4 down alow, and tentatively put into two timber wedge blocks 5 on a part of steel pier 4.Then close Air compressor 1, slowly bleed off the pressurized air in air bag 3, allow the weight of No. two ships 9 all be carried by timber wedge block 5 and steel pier 4, remove air bag 3.Hull identifies several bench mark, be positioned at hull side laser transit 13 pairs of hulls on the test of several bench marks, establishes a reference plane, whether analysis hull is in horizontality.If hull is not also in horizontality, some hand jacks 12 being placed in preceding section does not place on the steel pier 4 of the alongside outside of timber wedge block 5 again, the handle of shake hand jack 12 is raised the height of jack piston to the relative building berth reference plane of No. two ships 9 and is finely tuned, after regulating, again the timber wedge block 5 on steel pier 4 is laid again, make the dip plane of the timber wedge block 5 being positioned at below outside ship side, be positioned at the dip plane of the timber wedge block 5 of top inside ship side, knock the timber wedge block 5 of top and make between multiple timber wedge block 5 closely bonded to each other, ensure accurate positioning.
After above-mentioned work completes, remove trailer coupling, the upper building berth 10 carrying out subsequent segment according to the hull of having had good positioning closes up work, or carries out the erection work before whole launching a ship.
This tandem ship method only needs a building berth 10 can carry out two ships to build simultaneously, can improve building berth 10 degree of utilization, greatly save build the side, and can make full use of the water, electricity, gas resource around building berth 10.Air bag 3 is simple to operation with trailer coupling, and air bag 3 can directly be rented, and Reusability is simple and quick, and shipyard there is no need to purchase specially, has saved cost and time.The effect of hand jack 12 is under laser transit 13 is measured, and utilizes manual shift can at the height of narrow hull bottom space allocation hull.Hand jack 12 low price, simple to operate, alerting ability is good, is applicable to various working environment.After hull displacement, directly utilize steel pier 4 and timber wedge block 5 can locate and support hull, do not need to make bow stern registration device, greatly can save laid down cost.
Embodiment two:
The present embodiment general contents is identical with embodiment one, and institute's difference is, No. two ships 9 only comprise stern segmentation in the present embodiment.
Embodiment three:
The present embodiment general contents is identical with embodiment one, institute's difference is, detent mechanism in the present embodiment comprises at the laser transit 13 of hull side and the steel pier 4 between hull bottom and ground, the hydraulic pressure buttress that can adjust oneself height is provided with between steel pier 4 and hull bottom, hydraulic pressure buttress comprises a bearing, bearing has the screw rod that can be elevated, screw rod is driven by a hydraulic efficiency gear, is provided with self-locking structure between screw rod and bearing.The top of screw rod contacts with hull bottom, the bottom surface of bearing and the top contact of steel pier 4.When needs position body section or whole ship, first hydraulic pressure buttress is placed on steel pier 4, the altitudes of hull is measured with laser transit 13, the overhang of adjusting screw(rod) makes hull rise or declines, after hull height is adjusted, by the height of the self-locking structure locking hydraulic pressure buttress on hydraulic pressure buttress.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to the explanation for example of the present invention's spirit.Those skilled in the art can make various amendment or supplement or adopt similar mode to substitute to described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the scope that appended claims defines.
Claims (2)
1. the tandem shipbuilding method of a chemical carrier, comprise the building berth (10) that total length is greater than the band slope of captain's degree, trailer coupling building berth (10) is provided with the detent mechanism for locating hull, drawing for the shift mechanism and carrying out when hull utilizes self gravitation to be shifted of mobile hull, described shift mechanism comprises the air bag (3) for supporting hull and the Air compressor (1) for inflating to above-mentioned air bag (3), and this tandem shipbuilding method comprises the steps:
A, when building No. one ship (8) in the lower end of building berth (10) near lower aquaporin (11) place, synchronously build the part-structure of No. two ships (9) or No. two ships (9) in building berth (10) upper end, when building, a ship (8) and No. two ships (9) are respectively by detent mechanism location hull;
B, after a ship (8) has been built, air bag (3) is laid in the bottom of a ship (8), use Air compressor (1) that air bag (3) inflation spreading is supported hull again, originally the detent mechanism being used for locating this hull is shifted out, oppositely hull is drawn and slow releasing with trailer coupling, ship (8) deadweight drives air bag (3) in the upper rolling of building berth (10), makes hull slide to lower aquaporin (11);
Under C, a ship (8) after water, remove place, air bag (3) is laid No. two ship (9) bottoms, make air bag (3) inflate spreading with Air compressor (1) and support hull, originally the detent mechanism being used for locating this hull is shifted out, the hull of No. two ships (9) is oppositely drawn and slow releasing with trailer coupling, No. two ships (9) are because deadweight driving air bag (3) is in the upper rolling of building berth (10), and air bag (3) drives hull to move to former ship (8) position, building berth (10) lower end;
D, after No. two ships (9) slide into appointed place, on the length direction of hull, fine setting calibration is carried out with trailer coupling, arrange detent mechanism in the bottom of hull again, air bag (3) is exitted and removes, and locates the short transverse secondary of hull with detent mechanism;
E, No. two ships (9) have been located after, continue construction No. two ships (9), synchronously build the part-structure of another ship or ship simultaneously in former No. two ship (9) positions, reciprocal with this;
Described trailer coupling comprises that to be fixed on building berth (10) upper and be positioned at the winch (6) in fore front, is connected with steel rope (7) between winch (6) and hull;
Described detent mechanism comprises the laser transit (13) that is positioned at hull side and the steel pier (4) between hull bottom and ground, timber wedge block (5) is placed with between part steel pier (4) and hull, be placed with jack (12) between another part steel pier (4) and hull, described timber wedge block (5) and the top of jack (12) lean mutually with hull respectively; Cylindrical after described air bag (3) inflation; No. two described ships (9) only include stern segmentation; Described jack (12) is manual type jack.
2. the tandem shipbuilding method of a chemical carrier, comprise the building berth (10) that total length is greater than the band slope of captain's degree, trailer coupling building berth (10) is provided with the detent mechanism for locating hull, drawing for the shift mechanism and carrying out when hull utilizes self gravitation to be shifted of mobile hull, described shift mechanism comprises the air bag (3) for supporting hull and the Air compressor (1) for inflating to above-mentioned air bag (3), and this tandem shipbuilding method comprises the steps:
A, when building No. one ship (8) in the lower end of building berth (10) near lower aquaporin (11) place, synchronously build the part-structure of No. two ships (9) or No. two ships (9) in building berth (10) upper end, when building, a ship (8) and No. two ships (9) are respectively by detent mechanism location hull;
B, after a ship (8) has been built, air bag (3) is laid in the bottom of a ship (8), use Air compressor (1) that air bag (3) inflation spreading is supported hull again, originally the detent mechanism being used for locating this hull is shifted out, oppositely hull is drawn and slow releasing with trailer coupling, ship (8) deadweight drives air bag (3) in the upper rolling of building berth (10), makes hull slide to lower aquaporin (11);
Under C, a ship (8) after water, remove place, air bag (3) is laid No. two ship (9) bottoms, make air bag (3) inflate spreading with Air compressor (1) and support hull, originally the detent mechanism being used for locating this hull is shifted out, the hull of No. two ships (9) is oppositely drawn and slow releasing with trailer coupling, No. two ships (9) are because deadweight driving air bag (3) is in the upper rolling of building berth (10), and air bag (3) drives hull to move to former ship (8) position, building berth (10) lower end;
D, after No. two ships (9) slide into appointed place, on the length direction of hull, fine setting calibration is carried out with trailer coupling, arrange detent mechanism in the bottom of hull again, air bag (3) is exitted and removes, and locates the short transverse secondary of hull with detent mechanism;
E, No. two ships (9) have been located after, continue construction No. two ships (9), synchronously build the part-structure of another ship or ship simultaneously in former No. two ship (9) positions, reciprocal with this;
Described trailer coupling comprises that to be fixed on building berth (10) upper and be positioned at the winch (6) in fore front, is connected with steel rope (7) between winch (6) and hull;
Described detent mechanism comprises the laser transit (13) that is positioned at hull side and the steel pier (4) between hull bottom and ground, be provided with the hydraulic pressure buttress that can adjust oneself height between described steel pier (4) and hull bottom, the two ends of this hydraulic pressure buttress contact with above-mentioned steel pier (4) and hull bottom respectively; Hydraulic pressure buttress comprises a bearing, bearing has the screw rod that can be elevated, screw rod is driven by a hydraulic efficiency gear, be provided with self-locking structure between screw rod and bearing, when needs position body section or whole ship, first hydraulic pressure buttress be placed on steel pier, the altitudes of hull is measured with laser transit, the overhang of adjusting screw(rod) makes hull rise or declines, after hull height is adjusted, by the height of the self-locking structure locking hydraulic pressure buttress on hydraulic pressure buttress; Cylindrical after described air bag (3) inflation; No. two described ships (9) only include stern segmentation.
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| CN201010159697.9A CN101823546B (en) | 2010-04-29 | 2010-04-29 | Tandem shipbuilding method for chemical tanker |
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| CN201010159697.9A CN101823546B (en) | 2010-04-29 | 2010-04-29 | Tandem shipbuilding method for chemical tanker |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103507912B (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2016-05-11 | 南通润力机械制造有限公司 | The mounting process of one class chemical tanker cargo hold outfititem |
| CN106542048A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2017-03-29 | 上海船厂船舶有限公司 | A kind of complete cross section movement for inclined building berth, method of construction and its mobile device |
| CN107914105A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-04-17 | 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司 | One kind spells platform accurate positioning device |
| CN110027674B (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2020-05-15 | 上海外高桥造船有限公司 | Method for building hull block by shifting |
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