CN101823165B - Cutting method of turbine blade connection groove and christmas tree-shaped milling cutter for the method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a cutting processing method for turbine blade connection without worry of cutting tool fracture and a Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter for the method, the cutting processing method comprises: a front rough processing step, a rough processing step and a finish processing step. During rough processing, according to the cutting processing method, in order to enable more than one convex slot containing the convex slot with the minimum width to be positioned in a non-cutting state, the Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter composed of an integral cutting tool for rough processing is used for the cutting. In addition, the Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter is formed by repeating a convex part and a concave part for the rough processing, the convex part having a cutting blade at the external circumstance part of the cutting tool and a non-cutting part without the cutting blade at the external circumstance part of the cutting tool are at least arranged in the concave part with the minimum diameter of the concave parts.

Description

The cutting process of turbo blade link slot reaches the tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas that is used for the method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of turbo blade and connect the cutting working method of using groove and the tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas that is used for this cutting working method.

Background technology

Connect for the turbo blade on the rotating shaft (impeller) that turbo blade is arranged on turbine and use groove, Christmas tree-shaped (following also referred to as tree-shaped) the groove center axle is repeated to have concavo-convex groove to fall, and the groove width (groove width size) on this concavo-convex groove direction vertical with the groove center axle narrows down gradually towards the groove depth direction.As the cutter that is used for the so tree-shaped groove of machining, a kind of Christmas, tree-shaped milling cutter was well-known, and the variation of the corresponding tree-shaped groove width in sword footpath of its periphery cutting edge increases and decreases towards the tool tip side, and diminishes gradually.

For convenience's sake, turbo blade connects and can be divided into large-scale and small-sized tree-shaped groove with groove according to the degree of depth on its groove depth direction.When the tree-shaped groove of machining large, cutting output is many, thus carry out once above front roughing, and by comprise roughing, accurately machined plural number time operation is cut, Here it is common cutting working method.When processing during small-sized tree-shaped groove, the situation of usually a roughing and accurately machined operation being combined is more.

Connect with the existing following method of the machining mode of groove about turbo blade.At first, adopt for example form milling described in patent documentation 1 to carry out forming the front roughing with concavo-convex on a small quantity tree-shaped groove at trough wall surface to being cut material, then, adopt the roughing of the many circles of rotational trajectory to widen simultaneously the concavo-convex groove width of trough wall surface with form milling with the specification identical with this milling.Usually, carry out fine finishining after these front roughing and roughing, thereby complete the tree-shaped groove with desired concaveconvex shape.

In addition, propose in the described invention of patent documentation 2, the cutting tip that employing is installed replaceably according to the diameter of each convex groove, from the wide convex groove in top to after narrow convex groove carries out preformed interimly, with the disposable cutter of profile milling by and the method for the full concavity groove of Milling Process.In the method, the preformed of the described operation 1 to 3 of Fig. 1 belongs to front roughing, and operation 4 is equivalent to roughing.It is as described in patent documentation 2 that " Milling Process of the section configuration that narrows down in the preliminary shape of section tree-shaped groove on Christmas is carried out with a plurality of slotting cutters interimly, and the fine finishining operation is implemented by finish-milling with previous the same.Realize the fine finishining profile by this shape of tool.In addition, have and the net shape of section tree-shaped groove on Christmas can be passed through by general disposable cutter from preliminary shape, carry out at short notice the advantage of Milling Process." and understand like that from the described shape of Fig. 2, need not shown fine finishining in the described milling method of patent documentation 2.The described milling method of patent documentation 2 is to avoid using the heavy shaping solid tool of cutting edge burden, shortens the front roughing time although front rough machined operation increases with the few cutting blade wish of burden.

Patent documentation 1: Japanese documentation Unexamined Patent 10-6122 communique

Patent documentation 2: the special table of Japanese documentation 2004-507369 communique

Fig. 1 represents that the present invention connects as the standard turbo blade of object the section configuration of using groove H.In Fig. 1,1a, 1b, 1c represent the convex groove, and 2a, 2b, 2c represent the concavity groove.The groove width of convex groove 1a, 1b, 1c (arrow 1a, 1b shown in Figure 1, the length on the 1c direction), namely be connected with the groove center axle O1 of groove H vertical with turbo blade, and, width on the paper left and right directions diminishes towards depth direction (the lower quadrate part of paper) gradually from the top (upper portion of paper) that turbo blade connects with groove H, and is arranged in the convex groove that the convex groove 1a of groove H below becomes the minimum widith with these convex groove minimum slot widths.Equally, width on the direction vertical with the groove center axle O1 of concavity groove 2a, 2b, 2c (arrow 2a, 2b shown in Figure 1, the groove width size on the 2c direction), the top that connects with groove H from turbo blade diminishes gradually towards depth direction, and is arranged in the concavity groove that the concavity groove 2a of groove H below becomes the minimum widith with these concavity groove minimum slot widths.In addition, 3 expressions are cut material, the shape when 4 expressions are carried out the fine finishining of turbo blade connection use groove H to being cut material 3 (below, referred to as " fine finishining shape groove ").In addition, turbo blade shown in Figure 1 connects uses groove H, on the direction vertical with paper, is formed continuously with specific length by this groove H.

Fig. 2 connects the key diagram of the manufacturing procedure of using groove H for the previous turbo blade that explanation is implemented by form milling, roughing before Fig. 2 (1) is used for illustrating, and Fig. 2 (2) is used for illustrating roughing, Fig. 2 (3) is used for illustrating fine finishining.In Fig. 2,4 is the fine finishining shape groove of groove.For completing this fine finishining shape groove 4, need by the front rough machined shape groove (being designated hereinafter simply as " front roughing shape groove ") 5 of front roughing (Fig. 2 (1)) processing, and then be machined to the solid line part of rough machined shape groove (being designated hereinafter simply as " roughing shape groove ") 6(Fig. 2 (2) by roughing (Fig. 2 (2))) operation.Namely, as shown in Fig. 2 (2), in roughing, the turbo blade connection obtains roughing shape groove 6 in the gamut of groove than front roughing shape groove 5 expansions with its diameter of groove H, but in this stage, in still being retained in Fig. 2 (2), the gamut of groove is cut the allowance to fine finishining shape groove 4 that dots in the hatching of material 3.Fine finishining is the operation of the above-mentioned allowance of processing, obtains the fine finishining shape groove 4 shown in Fig. 2 (3) by fine finishining.Previous manufacturing procedure needs the reason of above three phases to be, disperses the load of tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas in each manufacturing procedure for the fracture accident that prevents tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas.In addition, the hatching of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 partly represents to be cut material 3.

Fig. 3 represents to use from the front roughing that before began generally to use the front view of tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas, and again, Fig. 4 represents to use from the roughing that before began generally to use the front view of tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas.

Fig. 3, tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas shown in Figure 4 have convex shaped part 7a, 7b, 7c and the concavity 8a of section, 8b, 8c in blade 11.And, convex shaped part 7a, the 7b of these cutters, 7c connect with the concavity groove 2a of groove H, front roughing and the roughing of 2b, 2c corresponding to turbo blade shown in Figure 1, and the concavity 8a of section, 8b, 8c connect with the convex groove 1a of groove H, front roughing and the roughing of 1b, 1c corresponding to turbo blade.Again, with the vertical direction of the axle center O2 of cutter on diameter for the minimum minimum diameter concavity 8a of section corresponding to front roughing and the roughing of convex groove 1a that has turbo blade and is connected the minimum slot width of use groove H.In addition, in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, hatching partly represents the section that the cutter heart is thick, 9 the expression cutters shank, 10 the expression be arranged in blade 11 Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter groove.

The cutter that uses in the processing of turbo blade connection with groove H formerly, consisted of by the shape that satisfies respectively as shown in Figure 2 front roughing shape groove 5, roughing shape groove 6, fine finishining shape groove 4, all carried out machining with the tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas (form cutter) that forms cutting edge as the Christmas tree shape of formation Fig. 3, Fig. 4 representative.

By Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 as can be known, have the convex groove 1a that turbo blade connects the minimum slot width of using groove H, need to utilize its front roughing of processing to process with the narrowest part (being the concavity 8a of section of cutter minimum diameter in Fig. 3) of tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas.Therefore, as shown in Figure 2, the diameter of the concavity 8a of section of cutter minimum diameter, before carrying out roughing shape groove 5 add man-hour for the thinnest, then according to the processing sequence chap of the fine finishining shape groove 4 of roughing shape groove 6, groove H.

Again, from the allowance of the sequential observation of manufacturing procedure processing, find the front roughing used in front roughing operation with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter cutting output many, it is large that its machining load becomes.For this reason, frequent generation is from the fracture accident of the concavity 8a of section of the most advanced and sophisticated side of front roughing tree-shaped milling cutter on use Christmas.Even if at the roughing that is used in the roughing operation tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas, due to generally on the concavity 8a of section of most advanced and sophisticated side of tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas the band cutting edge cut, so there is the fracture accident of the concavity 8a of section of most advanced and sophisticated side from tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas.

Again, as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, previous Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter, its cutting edge is arranged in the blade 11 of tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas continuously.Fig. 5 amplifies the periphery of the concavity 8a of section of the most advanced and sophisticated side that shows relevant roughing tree-shaped milling cutter blade 11 on use Christmas shown in Figure 4.In addition, the hatching of Fig. 5 partly represents the section that the heart is thick.As shown in Figure 5, also be provided with the groove 10 of tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas in the concavity 8a of section of most advanced and sophisticated side, because this part its sword footpath as cutter diminishes, so its intensity step-down easily becomes the starting point of fracture.In addition, Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter groove 10 refer to the sword groove, be used for the groove of discharging smear metal or the groove that lubricant is passed through.

So long as Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter part fracture also can produce harmful effect to the form accuracy that is cut material 3, and, when having to discarded rapidoprint (impeller), and due to the confidence level that loses cracking of cutter, sometimes all cutters made from the same design standard are carried out bad processing.Like this, utilize the tree-shaped milling cutter processing that connection is implemented with groove to turbo blade on Christmas, its difficulty of processing is high, and, not only tooling cost is high, and be the processing of fear of often worrying the great fracture accident of cutter as mentioned above, so be required to improve tree-shaped milling cutter construction and utilize the processing method of tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas on Christmas.

The described invention of patent documentation 2, using as prerequisite with collapsible cutting tip, but not solid tool, if so consider the cutting resistance of cutting tip, need only to satisfy the pretreatment (also can be called front roughing) of each concavity section quantity, only, roughing also needs a lot of manufacturing procedures, also has very large problem from aspect consideration process time.In addition, as clear and definite with Fig. 2 of the relation of the roughing of implementing by profile milling and net shape by roughing before the described expression of patent documentation 2 (being called pretreatment in patent documentation 2), the shape of cutting tip is connected net shape with groove with turbo blade on, very large shape difference is arranged, the fine finishining of failing to be elaborated in patent documentation 2 becomes many with the allowance in cutter, and it is large that cutting load (cutting resistance) becomes.In addition, also inhomogeneous because of the shape of allowance, becoming fine finishining has the danger of fracture with the part of cutter minimum diameter.In addition, if the machined surface roughness that allowance is erratic will make fine finishining the time is irregular, on connecting machining accuracy with groove shape, turbo blade has problems.

Summary of the invention

the present invention completes for a difficult problem that solves above-mentioned prior art, its purpose is, roughing when connecting with groove as the machining turbo blade, the cutting working method that provides a kind of turbo blade to connect with groove reaches the roughing tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas that is used for above-mentioned cutting working method, it is made of the solid tool that a base material consists of blade, and the roughing that forms adopting peripheral part at cutter to repeat convex shaped part and concavity section is with Christmas during tree-shaped milling cutter, at least one comprises the concavity section of the concavity section of the most advanced side of cutter in the concavity section of this cutter, be set as cutter without the non-cutting portion of cutting edge by use, needn't worry fracture, can improve widely machining efficient.

The first invention of the present invention connects the cutting working method of using groove for a kind of turbo blade, its tree-shaped turbo blade on Christmas that groove center axle of being connected with the convex groove by a plurality of concavity grooves on the groove depth direction is alternately repeated to form continuously connects and carries out machining with groove, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned cutting working method comprises: carry out front rough machined front roughing operation, carry out rough machined roughing operation and carry out accurately machined finishing step.And, in above-mentioned roughing, use roughing with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter carry out machining, this Christmas, its blade at least of tree-shaped milling cutter was made of solid tool, it is when cutting, making more than one above-mentioned convex groove is non-cutting state, and above-mentioned convex groove comprises and is connected with above-mentioned turbo blade with the width on the vertical direction of the depth direction of groove is the above-mentioned convex groove of minimum minimum widith.

The second invention of the present invention also connects for turbo blade the cutting working method of using groove, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned roughing for the roughing corresponding with the above-mentioned convex groove of above-mentioned minimum widith with the concavity section of most advanced and sophisticated side of tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas in the thinnest part of diameter, use above-mentioned roughing that the solid tool by slotless consists of with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter carry out machining.

The 3rd invention of the present invention is characterized in that also for turbo blade connects the cutting working method of using groove: above-mentioned front roughing has the plural number of carrying out time front rough machined operation at least; Above-mentioned roughing use the roughing that consisted of by solid tool with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter carry out machining, above-mentioned Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter to make the more than one above-mentioned convex groove of the convex groove that comprises above-mentioned minimum widith when cutting be non-cutting state.

The 4th invention of the present invention also connects the cutting working method of use groove for turbo blade, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned front rough machined finishing operation, and the convex groove of the above-mentioned minimum widith to the above-mentioned convex groove of major general is machined to the size before above-mentioned fine finishining; In above-mentioned roughing, use the roughing that consisted of by solid tool with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter carry out machining, above-mentioned Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter to make the convex groove of above-mentioned at least minimum widith when cutting be non-cutting state.

The 5th invention of the present invention also connects the cutting working method of use groove for turbo blade, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned front rough machined finishing operation is machined to size before fine finishining with all above-mentioned convex grooves; Above-mentioned roughing use the roughing that consisted of by solid tool with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter carry out machining, above-mentioned Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter to make all above-mentioned convex grooves when cutting be non-cutting state.

The 6th invention of the present invention also connects for turbo blade the cutting working method of using groove, it is characterized in that the degree that above-mentioned convex groove is machined to the size before fine finishining may be defined as: it is poor to be connected with above-mentioned turbo blade with the diameter of the above-mentioned convex groove on the vertical direction of the depth direction of groove, to compare the scope of radius part below 3.0mm after above-mentioned front rough machined finishing operation with before above-mentioned fine finishining.

The 7th invention of the present invention is a kind of roughing tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas, its described turbo blade of any one that is used for above-mentioned the first to the 6th invention connects the above-mentioned roughing with the cutting working method of groove, alternately repeated and the solid tool that forms is consisted of by convex shaped part on axis direction and concavity section, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned roughing is with tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas, from this roughing with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter the tip have the above-mentioned convex shaped part of cutting edge towards the peripheral part formation of this cutter of shank side; Without the non-cutting portion of cutting edge, the diameter that is formed on vertical with axis direction at least direction is the above-mentioned concavity section of minimum minimum diameter in above-mentioned peripheral part.

The 8th invention of the present invention is also a kind of roughing tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas, it is used for the above-mentioned roughing that the described turbo blade of above-mentioned first to the 6th any one connects the cutting working method of using groove, alternately repeated and the solid tool that forms is consisted of by convex shaped part on axis direction and concavity section, it is characterized in that above-mentioned roughing with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter have: from roughing with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter the tip towards the formed more than one above-mentioned convex shaped part with cutting edge of the peripheral part of this cutter of shank; In the formed more than one above-mentioned concavity section that has without the non-cutting portion of cutting edge of this cutter peripheral part.In having the above-mentioned concavity section of above-mentioned non-cutting portion, above-mentioned roughing with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter the concavity section of most advanced and sophisticated side and the diameter on the direction vertical with axis direction be minimum part, do not have groove.

The invention effect

Connect the cutting working method of using groove according to turbo blade of the present invention, size be machined to fine finishining to the convex groove of major general's width minimum in front roughing before, and the concavity slot part of width minimum is divided into non-cutting state in roughing, so can alleviate widely roughing with the machining load of concavity section of diameter minimum of tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas.Therefore, can prevent from becoming the roughing of problem with the fracture accident of tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas always.

Roughing of the present invention is with tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas, do not have cutting edge at tool diameter for the concavity section of minimum most advanced and sophisticated side at least.That is, this part is non-cutting tip, so need not to process the convex groove of minimum widith in the roughing operation.For this reason, can with the effect mutual interdependency of processing method of the present invention prevent that roughing is with the fracture accident of tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas.

Connect with in the cutting working method of groove at turbo blade of the present invention, the front roughing of concavity groove connects the machining load of the concavity groove of using groove by alleviating turbo blade, increase the processing of convex groove, thereby makes the roughing load of convex groove approach zero.On the other hand, although roughing makes the turbo blade connection increase a little with the processing of the convex groove of groove, do not have at least the machining load that turbo blade connects the minimum widith convex groove of using groove.Therefore, can realize the rationalization of cutting resistance load in front roughing and roughing, and not exist on the whole front roughing to use on the basis of the worry that tree-shaped milling cutter ruptures on Christmas with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter and roughing, can also improve working (machining) efficiency.

According to the present invention, even if the convex groove is connected turbo blade that how difference in height change again and is connected and use groove with the concavity groove, also because can complete front roughing and the roughing corresponding with it, so connecting, the turbo blade that can process to use the cutter of as above stating patent documentation 2 described collapsible cutting tips to be difficult to all corresponding shapes uses groove.

According to the present invention, share by front roughing and the reasonable impartial cutting output of roughing, turbo blade is connected with the allowance in the tongue and groove fine finishining everywhere of groove approach equalization.So, in the cutter that uses collapsible cutting tip, compare with in shape corresponding difficulty and the inhomogenous collapsible cutting tip of allowance, can alleviate the load that tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas is used in fine finishining.And, because allowance can be not erratic because of part, therefore the machined surface roughness in the time of can making fine finishining is even, can also improves turbo blade and connect the machining accuracy of using groove shape.

By make roughing with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter concavity section be non-cutting state, can reduce cutting output, but also can reduce cutting resistance, so even do not establish torsion angle in cutting edge, the cutting edge on axially also can cut simultaneously.In addition, if the quantity of the cutting edge on direction of rotation is set as the even number sword, according to multiplying each other effect, more can improves turbo blade and connect the machining accuracy of using groove.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is that the turbo blade of standard connects the sectional drawing with groove.

Fig. 2 is be used to illustrating that previous turbo blade connects the key diagram with the manufacturing procedure of groove.

Fig. 3 is the front view that tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas is used in previous front roughing.

Fig. 4 is the front view that tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas is used in previous roughing.

Fig. 5 is the enlarged drawing of periphery of concavity section of most advanced and sophisticated side of tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas shown in Figure 4.

Fig. 6 is the key diagram for the operation of explanation cutting working method of the present invention.

Fig. 7 divides front roughing as another example of cutting working method of the present invention the key diagram of the manufacturing procedure when pluralizing time for explanation.

Fig. 8 is can be as the front view of front roughing with the V-shape cutter that uses at cutting working method of the present invention for explanation.

To be the forming tool that uses the less shape of diameter for explanation as another example of the present invention divide the key diagram of the manufacturing procedure when pluralizing time with front roughing to Fig. 9.

Figure 10 is be used to illustrating that an example of the present invention is the key diagram that tree-shaped blade shapes on Christmas is used in roughing.

Figure 11 is relevant to other shapes of the non-cutting portion of the present invention, and (a) the slightly circular-arc shape of expression (b) is illustrated in and comprises line part near the center of concavity and with near the shape slightly circular-arc connection two ends.

Figure 12 is for the key diagram of the method to set up of each non-cutting portion scope in the present invention is described.

Figure 13 is the key diagram be used to the feature that the machining shape that tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas is used in previous front roughing tree-shaped milling cutter on use Christmas and roughing is described.

Figure 14 is the key diagram for the feature of the machining shape of roughing tree-shaped milling cutter on use Christmas before explanation the present invention and roughing tree-shaped milling cutter on use Christmas.

Figure 15 is the key diagram of each tool specification of using in machining test by manufacturing procedure explanation embodiment 1 etc.

Label declaration

1a, 1b, 1c convex groove,

2a, 2b, 2c concavity groove,

3 are cut material,

4 fine finishining shape grooves,

5 front roughing shape grooves,

6 roughing shape grooves,

7a, 7b, 7c convex shaped part,

8a, 8b, 8c concavity section,

9 shanks,

10 Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter groove,

11 blades,

12 for the first time before roughing shape groove,

13 for the second time before roughing shape groove,

The non-cutting portion of 14a,

The part that distance between 14a1,14a2 and axle center O2 is the shortest,

The thinnest diameter in 15 non-cutting portions,

The summit of most advanced and sophisticated side in 16 convex shaped parts,

The summit of shank side in 17 convex shaped parts,

The height of most advanced and sophisticated side in 18 convex shaped parts,

The height of shank side in 19 convex shaped parts,

Allowance before 20 fine finishining,

The V-shape cutter that 21 front roughing are used,

The H turbo blade connects uses groove,

O1 groove center axle,

The axle center of O2 cutter,

T1 machining operation,

The maximum sword footpath of t2 cutter convex shaped part,

The feature of t3 cutter concavity section,

The t4 processing method.

The specific embodiment

In the present invention, what is called becomes concavity groove and the convex groove of machining object, as shown in Figure 1, section on depth direction is that tree-shaped turbo blade connection on Christmas is used in groove, the part that groove width on the direction vertical with the depth direction of groove is narrowed down is called the convex groove, and the part that broadens is called the concavity groove.In Fig. 1, convex groove 1a, 1b, 1c in expression convex groove, the concavity groove 2a in the concavity groove, the example that 2b, 2c form by machining.

On the other hand, about tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas, as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, with the narrow of the above-mentioned groove of processing be convex groove (convex groove 1a, 1b, 1c shown in Figure 1) Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter part be called concavity section, with the wider portion of the above-mentioned groove of processing be concavity groove (concavity groove 2a, 2b, 2c shown in Figure 1) Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter part be called convex shaped part.In Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the concavity 8a of section, 8b, the 8c that possess in concavity section have been exemplified, the example of the 7a in convex shaped part, 7b, 7c.Namely, with above-mentioned turbo blade connect be connected with Christmas with groove milling cutter all to is connected with turbo blade with the vertical direction of the depth direction of groove or to Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter the outstanding part of the vertical direction in axle center be thought of as convex groove (convex groove 1a, 1b, 1c) and convex shaped part (convex shaped part 7a, 7b, 7c), the part that caves in is thought of as concavity groove (concavity groove 2a, 2b, 2c) and concavity section (the concavity 8a of section, 8b, 8c) with regard to easy understanding.

The tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas that is consisted of by solid tool, to connect with the shape of groove along turbo blade in principle and almost cut as a whole, therefore its stock-removing efficiency is very high, but because its cutting load of the specific shape of disposable processing is also large, and be difficult to realize form accuracy, so adopt the machining operation is divided into a plurality of operations, for example be divided into that to carry out the method that roughing and accurately machined operation process comparatively desirable.

In cutting working method of the present invention, only implement a roughing meeting and strengthen machining load to tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas in the roughing operation, so the finishing step that to be made as by the front roughing of carrying out before roughing and roughing and last fine finishining be finished size consists of.And, in the present invention, blade 11 is called solid tool by the cutter that a base material consists of.

In cutting working method of the present invention, by Fig. 6 (1)～Fig. 6 (3), an example of its machining operation is described.Fig. 6 represents that in each operation, turbo blade connects the machining shape of using groove, roughing before Fig. 6 (1) expression, and Fig. 6 (2) represents roughing, Fig. 6 (3) represents accurately machined operation.

In addition, when groove is used in the turbo blade connection of machining large turbine, as the 3rd invention of the present invention, also front rough machined operation can be divided into a plurality of operations.Fig. 7 (1)～Fig. 7 (4) illustrates an example of the machining operation of this moment.In this machining operation, be provided with front rough machined operation in two operations before roughing.And, shown in Fig. 7 (1) for the first time before in roughing, utilize the front roughing shape groove 12 that V-shape cutter (perhaps taper slotting cutter) is V-shape to section configuration to carry out machining.

This for the first time before in roughing, the front roughing shape groove 12 of V-shape is carried out the cutter of machining, can adopt cutter as shown in Figure 8.Cutter shown in Figure 8 is the V-shape cutter 21 that the rotational trajectory of the blade 11 during as rotating shaft with axle center O2 is used just like the front roughing of the cutting edge of the V-shape angle shown in Fig. 7 (1) for possessing band.At the cutter that uses in roughing before for the first time of the present invention, can use cutter or the taper slotting cutter of V-shape, it possesses most advanced and sophisticated external diameter and is set as also littlely than the minimum widith of the convex groove of side channel, and will be set as the cutting edge with angle that the also little imaginary positions of Breadth Maximum than the convex groove of above-mentioned side channel is formed by connecting with straight line.In addition, the hatching of Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 partly represents to be cut material.In addition, the hatching of Fig. 8 partly represents the section that the cutter heart is thick.

And an example of other cutting working methods of implementing as foundation the present invention can adopt the processing of implementing according to the manufacturing procedure shown in Fig. 9 (1)～Fig. 9 (4).Namely, shown in Fig. 9 (1) for the first time before in roughing before processing for the first time during roughing shape groove 12, also can use will make shown in Fig. 9 (2) for the second time before the front roughing used during roughing shape groove 13 before processing for the second time in roughing with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter the form cutter of the more little shape of diameter carry out the processing of front roughing shape groove 12 for the first time.In addition, the hatching of Fig. 9 partly represents to be cut material.

In cutting working method of the present invention, except as otherwise noted, when being provided with a plurality of front roughing operation, roughing refers in a plurality of front roughing operations and then last front roughing operation and the processing carried out as aforementioned, and expression is about to carry out the roughing implemented before fine finishining.Therefore, during roughing, the processing of carrying out for the second time is exactly roughing before carrying out once.

In cutting working method of the present invention, fine finishining refers to after above-mentioned roughing of the present invention, the processing of carrying out for the geomery of completing final purpose.The present invention connects with in the machining operation of groove at above-mentioned turbo blade, and former roughing and rough machined cutting working method and the tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas that is used for these machining are the invention of feature.The present invention is carrying out turbo blade when connecting machining with the concaveconvex shape of groove, for improving the efficient of its machining, so that be prerequisite with satisfy as the turbo blade connection as far as possible with the solid tool of the geomery of the final purpose of groove.

By Figure 10 illustrate the first invention of the present invention namely in roughing roughing with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter be that to be in by the convex groove that is used for making the convex groove 1a that comprises minimum widith more than the shape that the solid tool of non-cutting state consists of routine.In addition, in Figure 10, hatching partly represents the section of the thick and non-cutting portion of the heart of cutter.In Figure 10, enumerated in roughing and had cutting edge with convex shaped part 7a, the 7b of tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas, the periphery of 7c, and only be provided with the example of non-cutting portion 14a at the concavity 8a of section of tool tip side.At this moment, consisted of by the cutter that is provided with cutting edge at other concavities 8b of section, 8c, and the roughing with this formation with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter be equivalent to the 7th invention of the present invention.In addition, same with above-mentioned non-cutting portion 14a in the present invention, also can be with the concavity 8a of section of cutter, whole non-cutting portions of regarding as without cutting edge of 8b, 8c.In addition, utilize this roughing with the method for tree-shaped milling cutter machining turbo blade connection on Christmas with groove, can be applicable to arbitrary invention of of the present invention first to the 6th.

the invention is characterized in a kind of cutting working method and be used for the tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas of this cutting working method, this cutting working method, front roughing with Christmas in tree-shaped milling cutter for make frequent fracture accident in turbo blade connects with the processing of groove Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter the concavity 8a of section of the most advanced and sophisticated side size before can being machined to fine finishining, with its diameter adjust to than roughing with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter the concavity 8a of section of most advanced and sophisticated side thick, and use in roughing be provided with at least without the roughing of the concavity 8a of section of cutting edge with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter carry out roughing, thereby make the concavity 8a of section of the most advanced and sophisticated side that forms by the front roughing of implementing before roughing be in non-cutting state.

As the illustration in Figure 10, roughing with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter at least the thinnest part of the concavity 8a of section of most advanced and sophisticated side (the part 14a1 of the concavity section of the minimum diameter shown in Figure 11 (a)) adopt without the Christmas of cutting edge and groove tree-shaped milling cutter comparatively desirable.Because without cutting edge, the part 14a1 of the concavity section of minimum diameter will be in non-cutting state, so the load of machining will disappear.If on the concavity 8a of section of above-mentioned minimum diameter without cutting edge, Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter groove also can be made as the discharge that is mainly used in smear metal.But, if from Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter section see the groove of tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas, the part that groove only arranged is dwindled the section of tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas, so the possibility of fracture can appear because of this groove in cutter.Therefore, considering from preventing the cracking of cutter this point, is good not establishing near groove (be equivalent to the left end of Figure 10 section line part) on the concavity 8a of section of minimum diameter of tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas at least.The second invention of the present invention that Here it is.

But, as the convex groove 1a convex groove 1b in addition, the roughing tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas that 1c does not also cut that turbo blade are connected with the minimum widith of groove, although in the concavity 8a of section of most advanced and sophisticated side of birth tree milling cutter is used in roughing, cutting edge is not installed, but for other concavities 8b of section, 8c no matter have or not cutting edge, as long as make roughing with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter the sword footpath than the front roughing corresponding with other concavity 8b of section, 8c with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter more little, be that non-cutting gets final product thereby make roughing.Roughing is with other concavities 8b of section, the 8c of tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas, its Christmas, the sword footpath of tree-shaped milling cutter was thicker than the concavity 8a of section of most advanced and sophisticated side, so can relatively alleviate the generation of fracture accident.

Figure 11 (a) and (b) are for the part sectional drawing of other shapes of the concavity section non-cutting portion that arrange of roughing of the present invention with tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas is described.In addition, the hatching in figure partly represents the section of the thick and non-cutting portion of the heart of cutter.Figure 11 (a) has enumerated the example of the section configuration on the axle center O2 direction that forms non-cutting portion 14a slightly circular-arcly, Figure 11 (b) has enumerated when the section configuration on the axle center O2 direction of non-cutting portion 14a is made as concavity, comprise the line part that extends to axle center O2 direction near the center of this concavity section, and then, with near the two ends of this line part with the example of the shape of slightly circular-arc connection.In the routine Figure 10 who represents with tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas of the present invention, in the 8a of concavity section, 8b, 8c, the thinnest part of most advanced and sophisticated side is the concavity section of minimum diameter, as shown in Figure 11 (a) and (b), may be defined as from Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter outer peripheral face towards Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter the vertical range of axle center O2 be the concavity section with the shortest part 14a1 or 14a2.

In the 4th invention of the present invention, the degree of the size before the convex groove 1a of minimum widith is machined to fine finishining at least in the convex groove in front rough machined finishing operation, equally in the 5th invention of the present invention, the degree of the size before in front rough machined finishing operation, all convex grooves being machined to fine finishining, in order to alleviate accurately machined cutting load and to do one's utmost to reduce depth of cut in fine finishining, preferably be set as follows.

Namely, in front rough machined finishing operation machining during the convex groove, as shown in figure 14, with this convex groove for groove center axle O1 vertical direction on the groove width size of diameter be made as R3, when the groove width size of the diameter on the groove center axle O1 vertical direction in the time of becoming equally with this convex groove of fine finishining in fine finishining was made as R1, it is less comparatively desirable below 3.0mm that poor " T=(R1-R3)/2 " of groove width size R1 and R3 is that the difference of radius part is made as.In addition, this T is equivalent to the allowance 20 shown in Figure 14.Set like this T value, the allowance before fine finishining represents that for the difference with the radius part value of the difference of above-mentioned groove width size R1 and R3 is below 3.0mm.The little meeting of T value alleviates in fine finishining the cutting load to tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas.

In addition, for roughing face before not keeping after fine finishining, the degree of the size will be machined to fine finishining in front roughing before, it is following even more ideal that (T) value that is about to be equivalent to the difference that above-mentioned radius divides is made as 0.1mm.Under any situation of the 4th invention of the present invention and the 5th invention, at least the convex groove 1a of minimum widith only can complete the processing of above-mentioned size degree by front roughing and roughing, part for the convex groove 1a of this minimum widith, because the roughing cutter is non-cutting state, so do not carry out machining.Such cutting working method is equivalent to the 6th invention of the present invention.If the Figure 14 of feature with expression machining shape of the present invention describes, being characterized as of the 6th of the present invention the invention: in the part of the convex shaped part 1a of minimum widith, more near groove center axle O1, roughing is non-cutting state in this part to roughing shape groove 6 in roughing than the front roughing shape groove 5 in front roughing.

Roughing of the present invention with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter concavity section refer to without cutting edge be enough to without cutting edge as long as have the part of the concavity section of minimum diameter in the concavity section at cutter.Comparatively it is desirable to, as representing with the method to set up of the scope of in the present invention non-cutting portion in Figure 12, in the concavity section of cutter minimum diameter, comprise with respect to the diameter of the cutter axis direction O2 part for the thinnest diameter 15, the non-cutting portion 14a that sets without cutting edge with scope to a certain degree on the O2 direction of the axle center of cutter is advisable.

As shown in figure 12, method to set up with respect to the scope of each non-cutting portion 14a of the axle center O2 direction of cutter, comparatively it is desirable to be set as, Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter the thinnest diameter 15 of non-cutting portion 14a and more than 1/2 of most advanced and sophisticated side height 18 between the summit 16 of the convex shaped part of adjacent most advanced and sophisticated side, 1/2 following scope of the shank side height 19 between the summit 17 of the convex shaped part of the thinnest diameter 15 and adjacent shank side.

With the be processed as purpose of same turbo blade connection with groove H, fine finishining shape groove 4 when carrying out fine finishining is as benchmark, based on Fig. 4 to by matching used front roughing of the present invention with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter and roughing with Christmas the machining shape that tree-shaped milling cutter is implemented feature describe.In Figure 14, the front roughing shape groove when front roughing is carried out in 5 expressions, the roughing shape groove when roughing is carried out in 6 expressions.And, in order to compare with the present invention, with Figure 13 explanation in the feature of using previous front roughing machining shape when Christmas, tree-shaped milling cutter carried out machining with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter and previous roughing.In addition, the hatching in Figure 13, Figure 14 partly represents to be cut material 3.

Use the cutting working method of tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter and roughing according to using previous front roughing, as shown in figure 13, be before roughing shape groove 5, then be roughing with shape groove 6, then be that the order of fine finishining shape groove 4 is being processed.The concavity 8a of section with the most advanced and sophisticated side of tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas, Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter the concavity 8a of section gradually with " front roughing with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter → roughing with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter → fine finishining with tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas " the order chap, the turbo blade corresponding with this concavity 8a of section connects the machining shape with groove, and its width becomes large bit by bit according to the order of this cutter.

To this, in the present invention as shown in figure 14, the convex groove 1a that connects the most advanced and sophisticated side of using groove H at turbo blade, the size of the convex groove 1a that makes front roughing shape groove 5 with the degree that keeps the allowance 20 before fine finishining before near fine finishining, and use in roughing this convex groove 1a be non-cutting state roughing with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter cut.In other words, connect in the convex groove 1a of the minimum widith of using groove H at turbo blade, from before different, front roughing use Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter the sword footpath than roughing with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter the sword footpath thick, the width of the convex groove 1a of front roughing minimum widith is wider than the convex groove 1a of roughing minimum widith.

The front roughing of using in the present invention is characterized in that with tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas, at least the concavity 8a of section of minimum diameter than roughing before with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter the concavity 8a of section of minimum diameter thick.Therefore, by front roughing during with the convex groove 1a of tree-shaped milling cutter processing on Christmas minimum widith, with previous front roughing with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter compare, can improve widely resistance to fracture.In addition, use in tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas in roughing, the concavity 8a of section of above-mentioned cutter minimum diameter is not for establishing the non-cutting portion 14a of cutting edge, so cutting in the convex groove 1a of the highest minimum widith of fracture possibility, only carry out in front roughing and fine finishining, and do not process in the above-mentioned non-cutting portion 14a of roughing with tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas.

In rough machined roughing, keep the main body that is processed into of many concavity groove 2a, 2b, 2c in roughing before being right after in the past.Therefore, during roughing roughing with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter load larger, but before also made in this stage roughing with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter undertaken the machining of the convex groove 1a that comprises minimum widith.For this reason, previous roughing with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter the accident of so-called fracture occurs through the concavity 8a of section of this minimum diameter of being everlasting.

In the present invention, the convex groove that uses the convex groove 1a that comprises this minimum widith more than is that the tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas of non-cutting state carries out roughing, but not the processing to a certain degree of the convex groove of cutting state completes in front roughing in advance, carries out in the fine finishining of perhaps carrying out after roughing.Especially as the machining of the convex groove 1a of the minimum widith of non-cutting, as shown in figure 14, the size before being machined to fine finishining in advance in front roughing is comparatively desirable.Accordingly, roughing is in non-cutting state with the concavity 8a of section of tree-shaped milling cutter minimum diameter on Christmas, and its large load disappears, thereby can prevent fracture.

Turbo blade connects and usually to have a plurality of convex grooves with groove, roughing in this case with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter a plurality of narrow parts (for example, the concavity 8a of section, 8b, 8c etc.) that risk of breakage is arranged are arranged.Therefore, in front roughing of the present invention, sometimes the part of all convex groove 1a that Christmas is tree-shaped, 1b, 1c is machined to the size before fine finishining, uses the roughing with non-cutting portion identical with above-mentioned non-cutting portion 14a comparatively desirable with above-mentioned all the convex groove 1a of tree-shaped milling cutter machining on Christmas, 1b, 1c.Here it is is equivalent to the of the present invention the 5th cutting working method of inventing.Particularly, during small-sized tree-shaped groove in turbine blades about to connect maximum gauge with groove be 20mm, relatively become integral diameter tree-shaped milling cutter on little Christmas, easily fracture is so be useful in roughing with all concavity 8a of section, 8b, the 8c setting of tree-shaped milling cutter on the Christmas non-cutting portion identical with above-mentioned non-cutting portion 14a and to make convex groove 1a, 1b, 1c be that the 5th invention of the present invention of non-cutting is advisable.

The roughing used in the method for the invention is with tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas, uses from the tip of cutter to be provided with at least one towards the shank side and to have convex shaped part 7a, 7b, the 7c of cutting edge and have without the roughing of the concavity section of the non-cutting portion of cutting edge with tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas.Roughing of the present invention tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas, the concavity 8a of section of the narrowest and thin minimum diameter is non-cutting portion 14a in shape, so the load of the machining during roughing will obviously reduce, therefore can prevent the fracture of roughing tree-shaped milling cutter on use Christmas in the concavity 8a of section of this minimum diameter.In addition, because the concavity 8a of section of minimum diameter is non-cutting portion 14a, so groove need not be set, namely be mainly the discharging smear metal and the sword groove that arranges, therefore the concavity 8a of section of minimum diameter becomes does not have the cylindric of groove, concentrates on that this is cylindric and become the part of Breakage Reasons thereby can eliminate stress.Like this, roughing of the present invention is with tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas, and the unnecessary concavity 8a of section at its minimum diameter arranges groove, so can greatly improve the cross-sectional area on axle center O2 perpendicular direction direction with cutter.Therefore, of the present invention the 8th the invention roughing with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter be the high shape of rigidity.

The front roughing tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas that uses in cutting working method of the present invention, when front roughing, if adopt roughing with tree-shaped milling cutter to compare allowance many with roughing on Christmas, also produce a large amount of smear metals, so be necessary to make hold the smear metal that generates Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter groove 10 the space large, therefore the cutting edge number on Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter direction of rotation is set as below 4 pieces, and 3 pieces be the best.For reducing cutting resistance, torsion angle is set on cutting edge or adopts the roughing cutting edge of waveform shape very effective again.

Roughing of the present invention with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter with front roughing with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter compare, whole allowance during machining is less, so the growing amount of smear metal is the space of less unnecessary increase tree-shaped milling cutter groove 10 on Christmas also, the quantity of the cutting edge on Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter direction of rotation is to be advisable more than 3 pieces.In addition, can also improve widely by increasing the sword number table feed speed that turbine blades connects the processing equipment of using groove, and can make very large contribution for the raising of working (machining) efficiency.Again, when the sword number is odd number, during to machining Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter direction of advance, the blade of cutter is not understood the left and right and is not cut simultaneously, so the danger that has turbo blade to connect to tilt with groove.Preferred plan is, by the sword number is set as even number, for the direction of advance of tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas, makes the blade left and right of cutter cut simultaneously comparatively desirable.Accordingly, the turbo blade that carries out machining is connected carry out obliquely roughing with groove, so also effective to ensuing finishing step.

Again, roughing of the present invention with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter do not establish cutting edge and groove at the concavity 8a of section of cutter minimum diameter, so can make the thick chap of the heart of the convex shaped part 7a of tool tip side.Accordingly, with the view profile of the axle center O2 perpendicular direction of cutter in, each Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter direction of rotation near the heart of the blade rigidity thick will be improved greatly.

Again, can reduce cutting output and also reduce cutting resistance by non-cutting portion 14a is set, also can not so torsion angle is not set in cutting edge.Because torsion angle is not set, therefore cutter shaft will be cut simultaneously to the cutting edge on (axis direction O2), and be connected machining accuracy with groove by further improving turbo blade with the effect that multiplies each other of even number sword on cutting edge.In addition, making the blade of cutting edge is that the roughing cutting edge of waveform shape is very effective.

Like this, the front roughing tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas that uses in cutting working method of the present invention, in design to the security of cracking of cutter and become the blade minimum diameter part machinability and deposit, roughing tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas, have both in design the security to the stage property fracture, turbo blade connects with the working groove precision before the fine finishining of groove and working (machining) efficiency etc. all.

Again, roughing of the present invention tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas, the concavity 8a of section at minimum diameter in design does not arrange cutting edge and groove, so this roughing can be carried out the thick design of the independent heart with the convex shaped part 7a of most advanced side of tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas, preferably make the thinnest part of the concavity 8a of section of its heart thickness rate minimum diameter large.

Below, illustrate the present invention based on embodiment

[embodiment]

(embodiment 1)

Connect the cutting working method of using groove about turbo blade, for cutting working method of the present invention and previous method are compared, the front roughing that making is made of specification shown in Figure 15 with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter and roughing with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter, fine finishining with tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas, carried out machining test (cutting test) to being cut material.

In addition, Figure 15 connects the operation (t1) of the machining of using groove at each turbo blade, the feature (t3) of the maximum sword footpath (t2) of tree-shaped milling cutter on each Christmas (being designated hereinafter simply as " the cutter ") convex shaped part that will make for the comparison of carrying out cutting working method of the present invention and previous method and identical concavity section and the processing method (t4) when having implemented front roughing and roughing are illustrated in the inventive example 1～3 and each first precedent.Again, the base material of the tree-shaped milling cutter on each Christmas (being designated hereinafter simply as " cutter ") of made all adopts Powder High-speed Steels and makes, and is cut material and has adopted the SUS420(that meets the JIS regulation approximately to contain the stainless steel of 13 % by weight Cr).

In addition, be arranged on the convex shaped part 7a of the most advanced and sophisticated side (opposition side of shank) of cutter in a plurality of convex shaped parts that the first convex shaped part of putting down in writing refers to arrange in tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas in the explanation of following examples, the second convex shaped part refers to be arranged on second convex shaped part 7b on the shank side direction with respect to the first convex shaped part, and the 3rd convex shaped part refers to be arranged on the 3rd convex shaped part 7c on the shank side direction with respect to the second convex shaped part.Again, be arranged on the concavity 8a of section of tool tip side (opposition side of shank) in the first concavity section refers to arrange in tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas a plurality of concavity section, the second concavity section refers to be arranged on second concavity 8b of section on the shank side direction with respect to the first concavity section, and the 3rd concavity section refers to be arranged on the 3rd the concavity 8c of section on the shank side direction with respect to the second concavity section.

In the inventive example 1, the front roughing cutter that uses in front roughing is made and has been used the front roughing cutter with three convex shaped parts shown in Figure 8.Should before the specification of roughing cutter be, as shown in figure 15, be 16mm from the maximum sword footpath of the first convex shaped part of the most advanced and sophisticated cutter of cutter, the maximum sword footpath of the second convex shaped part of cutter is 27mm, the maximum sword footpath of the 3rd convex shaped part of cutter is 38mm.In addition, compare with the finished size of the first convex groove that is cut the material minimum widith, the sword footpath size of the first convex shaped part of cutter has been dwindled 0.6mm on diameter parts.

Again, the specification of the roughing cutter that uses in the inventive example 1 is, as shown in figure 15, is 27mm from the maximum sword footpath of the first convex shaped part of tool tip cutter, the maximum sword footpath of the second convex shaped part of cutter is 38mm, and the maximum sword footpath of the 3rd convex shaped part of cutter is 49mm.In addition, to the thinnest part of the first concavity section, as shown in Figure 11 (a) or Figure 11 (b), groove is not set and makes it become non-cutting portion in this cutter.Again, the outside dimension of the first concavity section of this cutter is made into, compare little 2.0mm on diameter parts with the finished size of the first convex groove of the minimum widith that is cut material, other concavities section of cutter is arranged to cutting edge, and compares with the finished size that is cut material the sword footpath size of these other concavity section has been dwindled 1.0mm on diameter parts.This diameter parts refers to the poor of groove width size above-mentioned in fine finishining and roughing.

Use these cutters, on the processing method of the inventive example 1, size before the first concavity section at front roughing cutter of having adopted connects turbo blade the first convex groove cutting with groove and is machined to fine finishining, only making the turbo blade connection in roughing is the cutting working method of the present invention of non-cutting with the first convex groove of groove.

The specification identical with the inventive example 1 as shown in figure 15, adopted in the maximum sword footpath of each convex shaped part of the front roughing cutter that uses in the inventive example 2.Again, this front roughing cutter is compared the sword footpath size of three concavity sections with the finished size that is cut material, dwindled 0.6mm on the radius part.In addition, this radius partly refer to groove width size above-mentioned in fine finishining and front roughing difference 1/2.

Again, the roughing cutter that uses in the inventive example 2 as shown in figure 15, has adopted the maximum sword footpath specification identical with the inventive example 1 of whole convex shaped parts of cutter.In addition, in each concavity section of this roughing cutter, in the concavity 8a of section of minimum widith, groove be not set and make it become non-cutting portion, and the sword footpath of each concavity section is sized to compares little 2.0mm on diameter parts with the finished size that is cut material.In addition, the cutting working method of the inventive example 2, having adopted in front roughing the size before turbo blade is connected each convex groove with groove and is machined to fine finishining, is the cutting working method of the present invention of non-cutting and make the turbo blade connection in roughing with each convex groove of groove.

In the inventive example 3, as the cutting tool that uses in roughing before for the first time, making the tip diameter used cutter is that 15 °, sword number are the ripple sword slotting cutter of 3 pieces as 8mm, maximum gauge as 40mm, the long 60mm of sword, wedge angle.Again, the cutter that uses in roughing and roughing before is for the second time made the cutter that has used with the inventive example shown in Figure 15 1 same size.Cutting working method has adopted and has carried out twice front roughing, and does not cut the cutting working method of the present invention that turbo blade connects the first convex groove of using groove in roughing.

The front roughing cutter that formerly uses in precedent 4, as shown in figure 15, the maximum sword footpath of setting the first convex shaped part of cutter from the tip of cutter is that the maximum sword footpath of the second convex shaped part of 18mm, cutter is that the maximum sword footpath of the 3rd convex shaped part of 29mm, cutter is 40mm.Again, the diameter dimension of each concavity section of this cutter has adopted the specification of comparing little 2.0mm on diameter parts with the finished size that is cut material.

Again, the roughing cutter that formerly uses in precedent 4, as shown in figure 15, having adopted from the maximum sword footpath of the first convex shaped part of the most advanced and sophisticated cutter of cutter is that the maximum sword footpath of the second convex shaped part of 27mm, cutter is that the maximum sword footpath of the 3rd convex shaped part of 38mm, cutter is the specification of 49mm.Again, the diameter dimension of having made each concavity section of this cutter is compared the specification of little 1.0mm on diameter parts with the finished size that is cut material.Processing method has adopted previous method, namely adopted the processing of carrying out connecting at turbo blade the allowance when keeping roughing respectively with each convex groove of groove and concavity groove in front roughing, and in roughing this allowance of machining and enlarge the processing method that turbo blade connects the width of use groove gradually.

Fine finishining tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas, as shown in figure 15, all to have adopted the maximum sword footpath of the first convex shaped part of setting cutter from the tip be that the maximum sword footpath of the second convex shaped part of 28mm, cutter is that the maximum sword footpath of the 3rd convex shaped part of 39mm, cutter is the specification of 50mm for any inventive example, first precedent.And, used the maximum sword footpath of the first concavity section of cutter to be the maximum sword footpath of the 3rd concavity section of 21mm, the cutter same size as 26mm as the maximum sword footpath of the second concavity section of 10mm, cutter.

In addition, in embodiment 1, the machining condition when machining is cut material is set as follows.

The rotating speed of all setting cutter in the front roughing of the inventive example 1 and the inventive example 2 and roughing is 160 times/minutes, feed speed is that 10mm/ divides.Again, the machining condition of the inventive example 3 is set as, for the first time before roughing with the rotating speed of ripple sword slotting cutter be 180 times/divide, feed speed is that 10mm/ divides.In addition, front roughing and the roughing for the second time of the inventive example 3 are set as jointly, and the rotating speed of cutter 160 times/minutes, feed speed 10mm/ divide.

In addition, in fine finishining, it is the same with the inventive example and first precedent utilizing the machining condition of fine finishining when Christmas, tree-shaped milling cutter carried out machining, all is set as: the rotating speed of cutter 180 times/minutes, feed speed 10mm/ divide.The cutting fluid of using in the cutting test of embodiment 1 has adopted water-soluble metalworking liquid.

and, in the cutting test of implementing according to embodiment 1, for the inventive example 1～3 and first precedent 4, the above-mentioned front roughing of carrying out has been adopted in enforcement, roughing, the cutting test of the repetition of accurately machined each cutter, and when the total value of the length of cut of each cutter reaches 4000mm, the chip of each cutter blade and damaged having or not have been carried out confirming, the load value of machinery (representing that with % the peak power output of spindle motor is attached to the load on direction of rotation on main shaft when being 100%), and the evaluation of surface roughness that is cut the first convex groove of material after fine finishining.It is confirmed that result is illustrated in table 1.

[table 1]

From the cutting test result shown in table 1 as can be known, in the inventive example 1 to 3, front roughing and roughing all from the judgements such as situation of mechanical load value and machined surface, have been carried out good machining.Again, the inventive example is all well a lot of than first precedent as fine finishining on accurately machined machined surface roughness.

In addition, find when observing processing rear knife edge state, the front roughing cutter that uses in the inventive example, roughing cutter, fine finishining cutter, all without the chip of blade and damaged, the blade state is very good.

On the other hand, formerly in precedent 4, the mechanical load value during front roughing is large especially, and connecting with groove whole residual at turbo blade has chatter mark.This chatter mark especially namely connects with residual greatly on the first convex groove of groove at turbo blade in the thinnest part.This can be speculated as, turbine blades connects with the external diameter of the first concavity section of the front roughing cutter of the first convex groove of groove little, can't fully guarantee space and the cutting angle of cutter groove, thereby cause smear metal to fail to discharge smoothly, bring cut or cause the accumulation of smear metal and the chip that blade occurs because biting smear metal to machined surface, but still proceed due to cutting.

Again, formerly in the roughing of precedent 4, the mechanical load value becomes large factor and may be thought of as, though the cause that the impact of chatter mark and also proceeding in the first concavity section of cutter is cut during front roughing, and also found chatter mark on the machined surface after roughing.

In addition, the surface roughness of the first convex groove after fine finishining is compared with the inventive example 1～3, and the surface roughness of first precedent 4 is elementary errors slightly.This can be speculated as, and is perhaps the impact that is subject to the chatter mark of roughing face.

(embodiment 2)

Secondly, other cutting tests and the result thereof of cutting working method of the present invention are described.The specification identical with the above-mentioned inventive example 1 adopted in the sword footpath of each convex shaped part of the front roughing cutter that uses in embodiment 2, and, made the eight kinds of cutters of allowance that changed each concavity section of front roughing cutter according to finished size.

Again, made a kind of roughing cutter, the specification identical with the invention described above example 1 adopted in the sword footpath of each convex shaped part of this roughing cutter, and each concavity section of this roughing cutter is set as and has changed the non-cutting portion corresponding to the allowance person of the finished size of each concavity section of front roughing cutter.

And, carried out cutting test (inventive example 5～inventive example 12) on roughing cutter before each is eight kinds.Again, in front roughing, in each concavity section of front roughing cutter, turbo blade is connected size before being machined to fine finishining with groove, in roughing, implemented not cut turbo blade and connected cutting working method of the present invention with each convex groove of groove.In addition, be cut base material, machining condition and the evaluation method of material, each cutter identical with embodiment 1.The result of its cutting test is illustrated in table 2.

[table 2]

From the result shown in table 2 as can be known, in the roughing of the inventive example 5, because allowance gadget load value is little, but in front roughing, because cutting output multimachine tool load value also becomes large.On the other hand, in the inventive example 12, the polished surface roughness that turbo blade connects with the first convex groove of groove becomes large slightly.Can judge from this result, relatively compare with the finished size that is cut material, the diameter dimension of each concavity section of front roughing cutter is controlled at 0.1mm～3.0mm scope on radius part (allowance) comparatively desirable.

(embodiment 3)

To the stability of fracture, for comparing the cutter in the inventive example and first precedent, carried out cutting test during about quickening roughing cutter feed speed.In this cutting test, the cutter that the inventive example (hereinafter to be referred as " inventive example 13 ") is used has adopted the specification identical with the above-mentioned inventive example 1, and the cutter that first precedent (hereinafter to be referred as " first precedent 14 ") uses has adopted the specification identical with above-mentioned first precedent 4, and has made respectively 10 cutters.Again, the base material of each cutter, cutting working method and machining condition, the embodiment 1 with above-mentioned in front roughing is identical, and it is that 20mm/ divides that the feed speed of roughing cutter has adopted the twice with above-mentioned embodiment 1.As the evaluation method of cutting test result, the length of cut of each roughing cutter is set as 4000mm, and fracture whether when having confirmed respectively to repeat 10 times.Its result such as table 3.

[table 3]

As shown in table 3, the inventive example 13, size before the external diameter of the front roughing cutter first concavity section that will use in front roughing is made as fine finishining, thereby improved the rigidity of this first concavity section, and improving by non-cutting portion is set in roughing cutter under the situation of feed speed, also can in the situation that not fracture carried out stable processing.

Again, first precedent 14, because the first concavity section at roughing cutter is provided with groove, so poor rigidity, and, if divide by cutting simultaneously and feed speed is increased to 20mm/ in this first concavity section, 6 roughing cutter fractures as shown in table 3, fail to carry out stable machining.

As described above, if adopt turbo blade of the present invention to connect the cutting working method of using groove, by making front roughing and roughing share equably rational cutting output, can make to approach impartial with the allowance in the fine finishining everywhere of the tongue and groove of groove in the turbo blade connection.In addition, by make roughing with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter the concavity section of minimum diameter at least be in non-cutting state, not only can make the cutting output in roughing tail off and reduce cutting resistance, but also can obtain roughing with the rigidity of tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas.Accordingly, can judge, even if the base material of solid tool is formed by the superhard alloy manufacturing, can fracture yet, but also can complete stable machining.

Claims (4)

1. a turbo blade connects the cutting working method of using groove, it uses tree-shaped turbo blade on Christmas that Christmas, tree-shaped milling cutter alternately repeated to form continuously to the groove center axle of being connected with the convex groove by a plurality of concavity grooves on the groove depth direction to connect to carry out machining with groove, above-mentioned Christmas, the blade at least of tree-shaped milling cutter was alternately repeated by convex shaped part on axis direction and concavity section and the solid tool that forms is consisted of, and the cutting working method that above-mentioned turbo blade connects with groove is characterised in that above-mentioned cutting working method comprises:

Carry out front rough machined front roughing operation, carry out rough machined roughing operation and carry out accurately machined finishing step, and

In above-mentioned roughing, use roughing with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter carry out machining, it is when cutting, make that more than one to comprise the above-mentioned convex groove that to be connected with the width on the vertical direction of the depth direction of groove be minimum minimum widith with above-mentioned turbo blade be non-cutting state, above-mentioned roughing with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter in corresponding with the above-mentioned convex groove above-mentioned concavity section of above-mentioned blade, at least on the thinnest part of the concavity section of the most advanced and sophisticated side of minimum diameter, do not possess along the tree-shaped milling cutter groove on Christmas that forms of axis direction of tree-shaped milling cutter on above-mentioned Christmas.

2. a turbo blade connects the cutting working method of using groove, it uses tree-shaped turbo blade on Christmas that Christmas, tree-shaped milling cutter alternately repeated to form continuously to the groove center axle of being connected with the convex groove by a plurality of concavity grooves on the groove depth direction to connect to carry out machining with groove, above-mentioned Christmas, the blade at least of tree-shaped milling cutter was alternately repeated by convex shaped part on axis direction and concavity section and the solid tool that forms is consisted of, and the cutting working method that above-mentioned turbo blade connects with groove is characterised in that above-mentioned cutting working method comprises:

Carry out front rough machined front roughing operation, carry out rough machined roughing operation and carry out accurately machined finishing step, and

In above-mentioned roughing, use roughing with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter carry out machining, it is when cutting, make that more than one to comprise the above-mentioned convex groove that to be connected with the width on the vertical direction of the depth direction of groove be minimum minimum widith with above-mentioned turbo blade be non-cutting state, above-mentioned roughing with Christmas tree-shaped milling cutter in corresponding with the above-mentioned convex groove above-mentioned concavity section of above-mentioned blade, at least in the concavity section of the most advanced and sophisticated side of minimum diameter, has the non-cutting portion without cutting edge.

3. a roughing is with tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas, it is used for the tree-shaped turbo blade on Christmas that the groove center axle of being connected with the convex groove by a plurality of concavity grooves on the groove depth direction alternately repeats to form is continuously connected and carries out the roughing of machining with groove, described roughing is alternately repeated by convex shaped part corresponding with above-mentioned concavity groove and above-mentioned convex groove on axis direction and concavity section and the solid tool that forms is consisted of with the blade at least of tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas, it is characterized in that:

On the peripheral part of above-mentioned convex shaped part, the tip of tree-shaped milling cutter has cutting edge towards the shank side from Christmas;

In above-mentioned concavity section, be on the peripheral part of above-mentioned concavity section of minimum minimum diameter at the diameter on the direction vertical with axis direction at least, be provided with the non-cutting portion without cutting edge.

4. a roughing is with tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas, it is used for the tree-shaped turbo blade on Christmas that the groove center axle of being connected with the convex groove by a plurality of concavity grooves on the groove depth direction alternately repeats to form is continuously connected and carries out the roughing of machining with groove, described roughing is alternately repeated by convex shaped part corresponding with above-mentioned concavity groove and above-mentioned convex groove on axis direction and concavity section and the solid tool that forms is consisted of with the blade at least of tree-shaped milling cutter on Christmas, it is characterized in that:

On the peripheral part of above-mentioned convex shaped part, the tip of tree-shaped milling cutter has cutting edge towards the shank side from Christmas,

In above-mentioned concavity section, be on the peripheral part of above-mentioned concavity section of minimum minimum diameter at the diameter on the direction vertical with axis direction at least, do not possess along the tree-shaped milling cutter groove on Christmas that forms of axis direction of tree-shaped milling cutter on above-mentioned Christmas.

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