CN101823114B - Double-post inclined type multi-pull-rod prestress machine frame of free forging hydrostatic press - Google Patents
Double-post inclined type multi-pull-rod prestress machine frame of free forging hydrostatic press Download PDFInfo
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- CN101823114B CN101823114B CN201010161389XA CN201010161389A CN101823114B CN 101823114 B CN101823114 B CN 101823114B CN 201010161389X A CN201010161389X A CN 201010161389XA CN 201010161389 A CN201010161389 A CN 201010161389A CN 101823114 B CN101823114 B CN 101823114B
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Abstract
The invention provides a double-post inclined type multi-pull-rod prestress machine frame of a free forging hydrostatic press, which relates to a forging hydrostatic press. The invention solves the problems of poor integral rigidity, poor antifatigue intensity, poor load-deflection resistance capability and poor technical adaptability of a traditional machine frame. The invention is characterized in that two upright posts are in hollow rectangular structures, a plurality of high-intensity pull rods are placed in the two upright posts, both ends of the pull rods pass through an upper cross beam and a lower cross beam, the upper cross beam and the upright post, and the lower cross beam and the upright posts are respectively embedded through rectangular positioning keys, the pretensioning pull force is generated on the full length of the pull rods through pretensioning screw nuts, and pretensioning pressure is exerted on the upper cross beam, the lower cross beam and the upright posts at the same time, so the double-post prestress combined stressed machine frame is formed. The figure center connecting line of the two hollow rectangular upright posts is in inclined arrangement with an angle alpha correspondingly to the center line in the moving direction of a work table of the forging hydrostatic press. The invention can be applied to the free forging hydrostatic press, can also be applied to vertical hydrostatic presses of proper technology, and can be used for improving the traditional forging hydrostatic press.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to free-forging hydraulic, particularly the frame of free-forging hydraulic.
Background technology
Free-forging hydraulic is the key equipment that forging industry is produced forging.Traditional free-forging hydraulic is the non-full prestressing rack constructions of three beams, four cylinders, under abominable forging operating mode, must bear the alternate load of unidirectional big amplitude, when loading with unloading suddenly fast, usually causes the frame high vibration and rocks.Circular Zhang Lizhu is not only as frame but also as pull bar; Also as the guide way of moved cross beam; Not only bear the axial tension of full tonnage constantly, always under the unidirectional alternation tension of big amplitude, work, during eccentric the forging; Also to bear the lateral thrust and the moment of flexure of moved cross beam, and act on the basic loads such as angle moment of flexure at inboard hold-down nut place owing to upper and lower beam deformation.Simultaneously, owing to uneven wear and guiding clearance increase that the some contact stress state of moved cross beam circle guide pin bushing causes, two root posts of either side all can not be evenly stressed, promptly can cause single upright column to bear eccentric load.Thereby circular Zhang Lizhu becomes the part of the destructible of hydraulic press, and it is of common occurrence that the example of fracture takes place Zhang Lizhu.
In recent years; What have is applied in the oil pump direct drive system on the non-full prestressing frame of above-mentioned three beams, four cylinders simply; Or welded three beams, four column type conventional oil press are used as forging press, cause weld cracking, oil cylinder leakage of oil, cause press operation and maintenance cost higher.
What have has only made four cylinders into square column, but its stress, integral rigidity and fatigue resistance do not obtain radical change; Though what have has made the full prestressing frame into, owing to prolong, still can not improve cross sectional moment of inertia and the bending rigidity that the press center line is appointed two root posts of both sides with traditional four-column type structure, also have the danger that a root post bears offset loading force.Simultaneously, the four-column type structure still exists the unfavorable operating environment as the traditional water press: poor, the not accessible center of Technological adaptability, steel ingot turnover space is little, operability and visual difference etc.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art; A kind of free-forging hydraulic twin columns inclined type multi-pull-rod prestress frame is provided; It is relatively poor to solve the non-full prestressing frame of traditional three beams, four cylinders integral rigidity, fatigue resistance, anti-bias load ability and Technological adaptability, and the high problem of press maintenance cost.
Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of free-forging hydraulic twin columns inclined type multi-pull-rod prestress frame; Comprise: column, entablature, sill and pull bar; It is characterized in that: said column is a kind of hollow rectangle column, and said hollow rectangle column is two, and many high strength pull bars place two said hollow rectangle columns; Said entablature, sill are passed in the two ends of said pull bar; Said entablature adopts the rectangle positioning key to be embedded in respectively between said hollow rectangle column, between said sill and the said hollow rectangle column, according to the pretightning force and the pretension method of design code, makes on the said high strength pull bar total length through pre-load nut to produce prefastening force; Simultaneously said entablature, sill and said hollow rectangle column are applied preload pressure, thereby constitute the stressed frame of twin columns prestressing combination; The center line of the relative press bed moving direction of centre of form line of two said hollow rectangle columns becomes a α angle to arrange.
Two said hollow rectangle columns are the rectangular cross section of hollow on total length, and both ends are the structure of overhanging, and the angle of the center line of the relative press bed moving direction of its centre of form line is between 55 °～75 °.
Place the quantity of the said high strength pull bar of every said hollow rectangle column; Can select 5,6,7,10,16 according to the press tonnage; The diameter of every said high strength pull bar between φ 160～φ 240mm, the allowable stress >=700MPa of material, safety coefficient＞2.5.
Said high strength pull bar is near the column wall, to the inside, the front and back side arranges that the arrangement form of said high strength pull bar has two rows at least.
Orthogonal wear-resisting guide plate is installed around two said hollow rectangle columns.
Said rectangle positioning key has 4 groups 16, respectively between said entablature and the said hollow rectangle column, be cross between said sill and the said hollow rectangle column and arrange.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and beneficial effect.
The present invention is different from the stressed frame of forging the free-forging hydraulic that factory uses at present; Adopt the free-forging hydraulic that the present invention constituted; The variation amplitude of bar stress is merely 15% of maximum load stress; The prestressing force deviation is lower than 3%, and more traditional three beams, four cylinder hydraulic presses have improved press integral rigidity, fatigue resistance and reliability.Simultaneously, also have good press performance and technological operation property.
Principle of the present invention and structure not only can be applied to the free-forging hydraulic of various tonnages, and can be applied on the vertical hydraulic press of all suitable technologies, and can transform traditional forging press; Thereby bring many beneficial effects: can reduce weight of equipment; Reduce investment cost, reduce the occupation area of equipment and the melt pit degree of depth, simplified Equipment Foundations; Factory building height and width have been reduced; Reduce the driving span, plant working area and height space are fully used, reduced maintenance cost etc.The present invention will directly cause a kind of realization with modern free-forging hydraulic of energy-saving and cost-reducing advantage.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the stressed frame of twin columns inclined type of the present invention is arranged sketch map;
Fig. 3 is the layout sketch map of Duola's bar of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a twin columns inclined type frame pretightening program sketch map of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is prestressing combination frame pull bar of the present invention and column (beam) power-deformation pattern.
The present invention is elaborated through embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of free-forging hydraulic twin columns inclined type multi-pull-rod prestress frame is mainly by sill 1, two hollow rectangle columns 2, entablatures 4 with place the high strength pull bar 5 of hollow rectangle column and pre-load nut 7 to form.Said hollow rectangle column 2 is two; High strength pull bar 5 places two said hollow rectangle columns 2; And pass said entablature 4, sill 1; Between said entablature 4 and the said hollow rectangle column 2, between said sill 1 and the said hollow rectangle column 2, be the rectangle positioning keys 3 that cross arranges through 4 groups 16 entablature 4 and sill 1 are embedded in two hollow rectangle columns 2 securely.
Pretightning force and pretension method according to design code; Make on said high strength pull bar 5 total lengths through pre-load nut 7, packing ring 6 and to produce prefastening force; Simultaneously said entablature 1, sill 4 and said hollow rectangle column 2 are applied preload pressure, thereby constitute the stressed frame of twin columns prestressing combination.
Place the quantity of the said high strength pull bar 5 of every said hollow rectangle column 2; Can select 5,6,7,10,16 according to the press tonnage; The diameter of every said high strength pull bar 5 between φ 160～φ 240mm, the allowable stress >=700MPa of material, safety coefficient＞2.5.
As shown in Figure 3, the arrangement principle of high strength pull bar 5 is as close as possible column walls away from neutral axis, to the inside, the front and back side distributes.The quantity and the arrangement form of said high strength pull bar 5 have: 3+2,4+2,4+3,4+2+2,4+4+2,6+4+6.
Orthogonal wear-resisting guide plate 9 is installed around two said hollow rectangle columns 2.
Like Fig. 1, shown in 2, whole frame seat is on two integral type foundation beams 8, and the centre of form line of two said hollow rectangle columns 2 (Y axis) center line of press bed moving direction (X axis) relatively becomes the α angle tilting, and this angle [alpha] is between 55 °～75 °.Through 8 cover overlength foundation bolts 10 with sill 1 and foundation beam 8 together with the basis in the ground anchorage anchoring.
Become the calculating of tension force pull bar pretightning force
The computational methods that become tension force pull bar pretightning force are, if every root post has n root pull bar, then the pretightning force P of i root pull bar
iFor:
P
i＝K
(n-i)P
j
P in the formula
j---the every final pretightning force that requires of pull bar, after promptly all pretension finishes, the tensile force that pull bar should reach.
The natural number of permutations of pretension order in the i----heel post.
K----is the stiffness coefficient of pull bar and column and upper and lower crossbeam, and for the hydraulic press structure of confirming, K is a constant.
Twin columns inclined type frame pretightening program
Adopt the shared cover super-pressure pump device of two cover pre-load nuts, according to orientation shown in Figure 4 and number order, two pull bars of the adjacent numbering on each pretension left and right pillar simultaneously, and a pretension puts in place.
(1) calculating of pre-load nut oil cylinder power
According to becoming tension force pretension method, calculate every pull bar required pulling force and working medium pressure of pre-load nut oil cylinder when pretension.
(2) apply the preceding inspection of pretension
According to drawing requirement, check that the gap between each nut and the crossbeam backing plate meets the requirements; According to the electrical measurement embodiment, foil gauge and lead and metering device all are in place; The precision of frame is measured and adjusted, meet figure paper size and required precision.
(3) by orientation shown in Figure 4, pull-rod nut is numbered respectively, carry out pretension in proper order according to two pull bars of the adjacent numbering on each while pretension two root posts.
(4) successively left and right sides pull-rod nut is carried out pretension by Fig. 4 number order, make the meter pressure of pre-load nut all reach the pressure of regulation.Each tightens pull-rod nut from the opening part of splicing sleeve.
(5) measure stretch value and amount of recovery oil pump release after of pull bar when pretension respectively, then record respectively.
(6) inspection frame precision is installed locking device.
Be further described with regard to concrete technical scheme of the present invention below:
1) a kind of twin columns inclined type prestressed stand of free-forging hydraulic comprises twin columns inclined type combined rack and Duola's bar preload piece of free-forging hydraulic.On arbitrary free-forging hydraulic; Adopt the two hollow rectangle columns and the upper and lower crossbeam of special tectonic to constitute combined rack, many high strength pull bars are placed hollow column, and pass upper and lower crossbeam; By pretightning force and the pretension method of design according to regulation; Make on the pull bar total length through pre-load nut to produce prefastening force, simultaneously upper and lower crossbeam and column are applied preload pressure, thereby make whole combined rack be in the stress pre-tighten state; The tilting at an angle layout of center line with the centre of form line and the press bed moving direction of two hollow rectangle columns; And with the carrier of this frame as devices such as installation hydraulic cylinder, moved cross beam, guider, travelling tables; And the stress frame that bears whole service loads, promptly constitute the body part of a free-forging hydraulic.
2) two of the combination stressed frame of twin columns inclined type multi-pull-rod prestress hollow rectangle column design; Be for the rectangular cross section of hollow on total length; Both ends are the structure of overhanging, and adopt four groups of cross rectangle positioning keys that upper and lower crossbeam is embedded in column securely.Can know from Analysis of materials mechanics; Under the identical situation of cross-sectional area; Make the bending resistance area inertia of material away from the hollow rectangle cross section member of neutral axis, promptly cross sectional moment of inertia is maximum, and its counter-bending ability force rate annular or open squares cross section are stronger.Even four square-section columns stack up the moment of inertia in two split column cross sections of either side, total the moment of inertia also only be have same cross-sectional area and architectural characteristic a whole column 1/4.
This hollow-core construction column is just as a natural chimney; Both can directly intercept heat radiation from steel ingot or forging heat; Again can be through the clearance hole or the column outer openings of sill; Cold air is sucked, make to accumulate in to shed, prevented that effectively heat radiation from causing the inhomogeneous elongation of pull bar at the clearance hole of the inner thermal current of column from entablature.Can also prevent fully that in addition oxide skin, instrument etc. from causing damage to the pull bar surface.
Simultaneously, around every root post, provide at least 4, reached 8 orthogonal planes, supplied wear-resisting guide plate is installed, for moved cross beam provides a planar guide body firm, rigidity and LCS.
3) described upper and lower crossbeam is a cast structure, adopts Computerized three-dimensional finite element analysis software (FEM) Analysis of Contact Problem method, and the twin columns prestressed stand is carried out the optimized integral structure design; Make the distortion and the stress of frame obtain to find the solution accurately; Dope the stress state and the deformation tendency thereof of the structure in the forging process, optimize the structure of stress frame, confirm its physical dimension under suitable strength and rigidity; Material is reasonably distributed, give full play of the potentiality of material therefor.The shape of cross section of upper and lower crossbeam being implemented the short transverse of pretension is consistent with size and pair column; Simultaneously; Must take special detailed design, handle and magnetic powder inspection like the clearance hole finishing tool, the circular hole that entablature is installed master cylinder adopts big round-corner transition; Ultra allowable offset square loads in real time and detects, to avoid the stress concentration phenomenon of beam, post partial portion.
4) place the quantity of the high strength pull bar of every said hollow column, can select according to the press tonnage.Facts have proved, adopt many pull bars to be superior to: available less hydraulic pre-tightening cylinder, every pull bar of pretension respectively only with a pull bar; Can arrange Duola's bar symmetrically and evenly, stress equalization by hollow column cross sectional shape; Pull rod screw root mismachining tolerance is little, and the bending stress influence of generation is less; Because cross-sectional area is little, material structure and heat treatment performance good uniformity can be given full play to the mechanical property of material; Make easy to processly, as required,, can adopt two-way nut segmentation dislocation to couple together use for the pull bar of overlength.
5) design of described pretightning force is different from the stressed frame of any press with the pretension method: the prestressing force design is by maximum forging force and the maximum allowable offset prestressing force apart from design, adjustment and setting pull bar; The pretension coefficient is 1.35, and promptly pretightning force is 1.35 times of service load; The cross sectional dimensions of upper and lower crossbeam and column contact portion is suitable, and the distortion of depth of beam direction after by compression can not ignore, the size that is compressed member of calculating should comprise upper and lower crossbeam and column the corresponding height size; Adopt a special pre-load nut of two covers and a shared cover super-pressure pump device, according to orientation shown in Figure 4 and number order, two pull bars of the adjacent numbering on each pretension left and right pillar simultaneously, and a pretension puts in place; Adopt to become tensammetry and carry out pretension down in stress monitoring in real time, every pull bar required pulling force when pretension is different, all after the pretensions completion, reaches the pulling force of average load, the prestressing force of uniformity, and deviation is lower than 3%.
Theory and practice proves that this rack construction has higher integral rigidity, fatigue resistance, bearing capacity and security reliability.The inboard of upper and lower crossbeam no longer needs hold-down nut, behind the pretension, does not crack, and need not to repeat fastening outboard nut, and pull bar does not have wearing and tearing forever.According to Hooke's law, pull bar and should be satisfied relation shown in Figure 5 by power and deflection between the pretension member (column and beam).During work, column bears compression and bending stress, and pull bar bears tension, and the variation amplitude of its minimum and maximum tension is merely 15% of maximum load stress.Pull bar in the external same category of device is after having used more than 30 year, and the prestressing force deviation of process test pull bar is still below 10%.Can not produce the column fracture accident at machine life in cycle, therefore prolong the service life of each member, greatly reduces maintenance of equipment expense and life cycle cost.
6) the twin columns inclined type is arranged and must be utilized this effect by rights, is about to the centre of form line of two hollow rectangle columns and the tilting at an angle layout of center line of press bed moving direction.Have bigger cross sectional moment of inertia and bending rigidity than four-column type, allowable offset forging scope is big, the huge bending stress and the compression that produce in the time of can bearing eccentric load, and can reach good balance and stability.
Claims (5)
1. free-forging hydraulic twin columns inclined type multi-pull-rod prestress frame; Comprise: column, entablature, sill and pull bar; It is characterized in that: said column is a kind of hollow rectangle column (2); Said hollow rectangle column (2) is two; High strength pull bar (5) places two said hollow rectangle columns (2), and said entablature (4), sill (1) are passed in the two ends of said pull bar (5), and said entablature (4) adopts rectangle positioning key (3) to be embedded in respectively between said hollow rectangle column (2), between said sill (1) and the said hollow rectangle column (2); Pretightning force and pretension method according to design code; Make on said high strength pull bar (5) total length through pre-load nut (7) to produce prefastening force, simultaneously said entablature (1), sill (4) and said hollow rectangle column (2) are applied preload pressure, thereby constitute the stressed frame of twin columns prestressing combination; The center line of the relative press bed moving direction of centre of form line of two said hollow rectangle columns (2) becomes the α angle tilting; Two said hollow rectangle columns (2) are the rectangular cross section of hollow on total length, and both ends are the structure of overhanging, and the angle of the center line of the relative press bed moving direction of its centre of form line is between 55 °～75 °.
2. according to the described free-forging hydraulic twin columns of claim 1 inclined type multi-pull-rod prestress frame; It is characterized in that: the quantity that places the said high strength pull bar (5) of every said hollow rectangle column (2); Can select 5 at least according to the press tonnage; The diameter of every said high strength pull bar (5) between 160～φ 240mm, the allowable stress >=700MPa of material, safety coefficient＞2.5.
3. according to the described free-forging hydraulic twin columns of claim 1 inclined type multi-pull-rod prestress frame; It is characterized in that: said high strength pull bar (5) is near the column wall; To the inside, the front and back side arranges that the arrangement form of said high strength pull bar (5) has two rows at least.
4. according to the described free-forging hydraulic twin columns of claim 1 inclined type multi-pull-rod prestress frame, it is characterized in that: orthogonal wear-resisting guide plate (9) is installed around two said hollow rectangle columns (2).
5. according to the described free-forging hydraulic twin columns of claim 1 inclined type multi-pull-rod prestress frame; It is characterized in that: said rectangle positioning key (3) has 4 groups 16, respectively between said entablature (4) and the said hollow rectangle column (2), be cross between said sill (1) and the said hollow rectangle column (2) and arrange.
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102069139A (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2011-05-25 | 天津市天锻压力机有限公司 | Split combined structure of large-scale structure member |
| CN102434561B (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2014-02-05 | 太原重工股份有限公司 | Low-stress special thread brace rod device and hydropress |
| CN102494227A (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2012-06-13 | 重庆大学 | Large-tonnage combined type adjustable prestress framework |
| CN103448288B (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2015-09-02 | 沃得精机(中国)有限公司 | Press machine draw bar fluid-pressure straining device |
| CN103691868A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-04-02 | 沈阳朝重工程设计有限公司 | Free forging oil press rack |
| CN104401034B (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2016-06-29 | 一重集团大连设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of split type sill in centre for tilting twin columns heavy type hydraulic forging press |
| CN113664141B (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2022-06-07 | 浙江丰诚智能科技有限公司 | Double-column free forging hydraulic press frame |
| CN114439825A (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-05-06 | 天津市天锻压力机有限公司 | Butt nut and butt-joint type pull rod for large hydraulic press |
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| CN201693117U (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2011-01-05 | 太原重工股份有限公司 | Double-post inclined prestressed stand for free forging hydraulic press |
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| DE2504695B2 (en) * | 1975-02-05 | 1978-06-01 | Pahnke Engineering Gmbh & Co Kg, 4000 Duesseldorf | Open-die forging press |
| US4064734A (en) * | 1976-05-04 | 1977-12-27 | Pahnke Engineering G.M.B.H. & Co. Kg | Hammer forging presses |
| CN201124212Y (en) * | 2007-11-02 | 2008-10-01 | 申娟 | Frame of hot die forging press |
| CN201376360Y (en) * | 2008-12-14 | 2010-01-06 | 天水锻压机床有限公司 | Large portal mobile hydraulic press preloading frame |
| CN201333493Y (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2009-10-28 | 鞍钢重型机械有限责任公司 | Double-column top drive fast forging hydraulic press |
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| CN201693117U (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2011-01-05 | 太原重工股份有限公司 | Double-post inclined prestressed stand for free forging hydraulic press |
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